402 lines
51 KiB
XML
402 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document id="FA15D52B198D034F576F75D25E7C374E" ID-CLB-Dataset="20858" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2021.2006352" ID-GBIF-Dataset="167ea388-cdb8-447e-b834-085e9f357a38" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6000695" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1643617194262" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mahboob, M. & Tahseen, Q." docDate="2022" docId="5E2C6265FFC4FFF7FE49FD0C826F8039" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.55.39-40.2549-2567.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 55 (39 - 40)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Halicephalobus termitis, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="2556" masterDocId="A2151A1DFFC6FFF0FF9AFFBC8667860F" masterDocTitle="Description of a new and a known insect-associated species of the genus Halicephalobus Timm, 1956 (Panagrolaimidae: Rhabditida) along with intrageneric relationship" masterLastPageNumber="2567" masterPageNumber="2549" pageNumber="2551" updateTime="1699304823895" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="2320B36568A7FD0CC9C3FD20FCD8638C">Description of a new and a known insect-associated species of the genus Halicephalobus Timm, 1956 (Panagrolaimidae: Rhabditida) along with intrageneric relationship</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="81CC2A0B416DB43E832A1ED307484938" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B3B7D4B99E44721540F42EF3F3675014">Mahboob, M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="DCB8F2CB1D2CFC1DF36CA10DBE409182" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9E81BE4D5CB9FC74DAE4C548213DA08F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7404F89353250C76E648B35A0E8D03D2">Tahseen, Q.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FBD738718875C4C14B809E4EA1C0042D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="92E00C785D600FC7395C38281D6E1E9E">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D3EA0065FC64FAA4922BCC97F7785F91">
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<mods:date id="8E67C2C8CFB8D48C4ADF031D382968F6">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C71DEFCBAB0D44EB3B98A114B4EDE046">2022-01-28</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="7835FD111D150011F692D658C11B6823" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="6F85BCADA28B8A357506F8907B88E5E7">55</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="44BA4D0DEA16366C35B8DB35B0088D9D" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="850C082D489857013BD647B709212A17">39 - 40</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="1CFD0AD4F818ED451B00C08667C40D66">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="EAA2B5D1F49A8DC06B44307B26365308" type="CLB-Dataset">20858</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FAD83B3846EAF64054E75683D6D0C45D" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2021.2006352</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6B1788AF73FA1B23DF8FF512FB24A689" type="GBIF-Dataset">167ea388-cdb8-447e-b834-085e9f357a38</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="42C07AE7D99D020189B5A4C8D3A7671C" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5E2C6265FFC4FFF7FE49FD0C826F8039" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6204754" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193167618" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6204754" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E2C6265FFC4FFF7FE49FD0C826F8039" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E2C6265FFC4FFF7FE49FD0C826F8039" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="2556" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">
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<subSubSection id="9E9F80F8FFC4FFF2FE49FD0C853784C5" box="[467,848,688,714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC4FFF2FE49FD0C853784C5" blockId="2.[434,881,688,749]" box="[467,848,688,714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">
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<heading id="8D72641FFFC4FFF2FE49FD0C853784C5" box="[467,848,688,714]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC4FFF2FE49FD0C848E84C5" authority="Mahboob & Tahseen, 2021" box="[467,745,688,714]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="termitis" status="sp. nov.">Halicephalobus termitis</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC4FFF2FD6BFD0C853784C5" bold="true" box="[753,848,688,714]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC2B21AFFC4FFF2FD6BFD0C853784C5" box="[753,848,688,714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9E9F80F8FFC4FFF6FE28FD6F821184EA" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="2555" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC4FFF2FE28FD6F851684E2" blockId="2.[434,881,688,749]" box="[434,881,723,749]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">
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<heading id="8D72641FFFC4FFF2FE28FD6F851684E2" bold="true" box="[434,881,723,749]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC4FFF2FE28FD6F851684E2" bold="true" box="[434,881,723,749]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">
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(
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC4FFF2FE21FD6F851684E2" bold="true" box="[443,881,723,749]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">
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<figureCitation id="4EBECFF6FFC4FFF2FE21FD6F844C84E2" box="[443,555,723,749]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[159,224,1491,1514]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,159,1452]" captionTargetId="figure-54@3.[163,1153,142,1460]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Halicephalobus termitis sp. nov. female. (a) Entire body; (b) anterior end; (c) pharyngeal region; (d) reproductive system; (e) posterior region." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6000699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6000699/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">Figures 2</figureCitation>
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(a-e), 3 (a-h), 4 (a-h), 7, 8)
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</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC4FFF2FF3AFCB187348528" blockId="2.[160,339,781,807]" box="[160,339,781,807]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">
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<heading id="8D72641FFFC4FFF2FF3AFCB187348528" bold="true" box="[160,339,781,807]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC4FFF2FF3AFCB187348528" bold="true" box="[160,339,781,807]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">Measurements</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC4FFF2FF3AFCFD87408555" blockId="2.[160,295,833,858]" box="[160,295,833,858]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">
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See
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<tableCitation id="9B07E6C8FFC4FFF2FF55FCFD87458555" box="[207,290,833,858]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="10.[133,189,440,463]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Table 1. Morphometric data of adults and dauer/phoretic juveniles of Halicephalobus termitis sp. nov. and H. similigaster (Andrássy, 1952) Andrássy, 1974. All measurements are given in μm and in the form mean ± standard deviation (range)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/82FA83FBFFCCFFFAFF1FFE0485A187E3" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551" tableUuid="82FA83FBFFCCFFFAFF1FFE0485A187E3">Table 1</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC4FFF2FF3AFC26874C85BB" blockId="2.[160,299,922,948]" box="[160,299,922,948]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">
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<heading id="8D72641FFFC4FFF2FF3AFC26874C85BB" bold="true" box="[160,299,922,948]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC4FFF2FF3AFC26874C85BB" bold="true" box="[160,299,922,948]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">Description</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC4FFF2FF3AFC72869185E7" blockId="2.[159,1156,974,1728]" box="[160,246,974,1000]" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC4FFF2FF3AFC72869185E7" bold="true" box="[160,246,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">Female</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC4FFF5FF3AFC4E851980BA" blockId="2.[159,1156,974,1728]" lastBlockId="5.[159,1155,1622,1717]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="2554" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">
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Body small,stout,tapering at both extremities and slightly curved at ventral side upon fixation. Cuticle 0.5 μm thick at mid-body, cuticle finely striated. Lateral field with two ridges occupying 18–20% of mid-body diameter, extending from metacorpus to the phasmids and single ridge extending beyond the phasmids. Lip region wider than high, slightly offset from adjoining body. Cephalic plates sclerotised. Lips small, six in number, well separated; each lip with a minute labial sensilla, not discernible under LM. Amphids labial with round to elliptical opening. Oral aperture hexagonal, six lips, separated. Stoma well developed, 8–9 μm long or 13.1–13.2% of total pharyngeal length, divided into distinct cheilo-, gymno- and stegostom. Cheilostom weakly cuticularised, nearly as long as wide. Gymnostom longer than cheilostom with highly cuticularised parallel walls, about 2 times longer than wide. Stegostom slightly narrower than gymnostom, with pro-meso- and metastegostom distinct on ventral side. Dorsal wall of metastegostom conically projected inward without discernible tooth, telostegostom narrowing in to pharyngeal lumen.Pharynx well developed,about 24.2–28.9% of total body length, divided into long, slender 24–29 μm longer corpus, a swollen, highly muscular metacorpus of 10–12 μm × 8–9 μm in dimension, a narrow, 13–20 μm long isthmus and slightly rounded, highly muscular, well-developed basal bulb of 11–14 μm × 11–13 μm in dimension, having a grinder and haustrulum. Cardia conoid, 2–3 μm long. Nerve ring surrounding posterior region of isthmus at
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC4FFF2FDE5F98384FF8057" box="[639,664,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">ca</emphasis>
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68.2–77.0% of total pharyngeal length from anterior end. Secretory–excretory duct opening just posterior to nerve ring or
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC4FFF2FC75F9DE826F8074" box="[1007,1032,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="2551">ca</emphasis>
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57–65% of pharyngeal length. Deirids indistinct. Intestine with wide lumen, thin-walled; intestinal cells and nuclei not discernible. Rectum about as long as anal body diameter. Reproductive system monodelphic;ovary with double flexures extending beyond vulva.First flexure 56–73 μm long while next flexure dorsal, 17–32 μm long or 1/3 of anterior ovary with oocytes arranged in 2–3 rows followed by oocytes arranged in single row proximally. Oviduct and spermatheca not conspicuously separated.Uterus about twice corresponding body diameter long. Post-uterine sac absent. Vagina oblique with thick walls, constituting 27.8–47.4% of corresponding body diameter. Vulva far posterior in position,
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC2FFF4FDF9F9C5841B809D" box="[611,636,1657,1682]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="2553">ca</emphasis>
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71.2–74.9% of total body length. Vulva slit-like opening surrounded by protruded lips. Vulva–anus distance 55–68 μm or about twice tail length.Tail short, conical,possessing three prominent caudal cells present in the caudal region resembling caudal glands without any discernible terminal duct or opening; a minute cuticularised terminal mucro present. Phasmids located at mid-level of tail.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="82FA83FBFFC5FFF3FF05FA6F84CF8007" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6000699" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6000699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6000699/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="2552" startId="3.[159,224,1491,1514]" targetBox="[165,1151,159,1452]" targetPageId="3">
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<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC5FFF3FF05FA6F84CF8007" blockId="3.[159,1156,1491,1544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2552">
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC5FFF3FF05FA6F869A83E5" bold="true" box="[159,253,1491,1514]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2552">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC5FFF3FE9DFA6F878E83E5" box="[263,489,1491,1514]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="3" pageNumber="2552" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="termitis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC5FFF3FE9DFA6F878E83E5" box="[263,489,1491,1514]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="2552">Halicephalobus termitis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC2B21AFFC5FFF3FE69FA6F842483E5" box="[499,579,1491,1514]" pageId="3" pageNumber="2552" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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female. (a) Entire body; (b) anterior end; (c) pharyngeal region; (d) reproductive system; (e) posterior region.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="82FA83FBFFC2FFF4FF05FA69873B8029" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6000701" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6000701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6000701/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="2553" startId="4.[159,225,1493,1516]" targetBox="[164,1151,143,1459]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC2FFF4FF05FA69873B8029" blockId="4.[159,1157,1493,1574]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2553">
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC2FFF4FF05FA69869883E3" bold="true" box="[159,255,1493,1516]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2553">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC2FFF4FE91FA69879583E3" box="[267,498,1493,1516]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="4" pageNumber="2553" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="termitis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC2FFF4FE91FA69879583E3" box="[267,498,1493,1516]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="2553">Halicephalobus termitis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC2B21AFFC2FFF4FE67FA69843783E3" box="[509,592,1493,1516]" pageId="4" pageNumber="2553" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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female (LM). (a) Anterior end; (b) pharyngeal region; (c, d) genital branch showing double flexure; (e) vulval region. (f, g) vulva–anal region. (h) tail region. Scale bar = 10 µm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="82FA83FBFFC3FFF5FF3AFA69851F8029" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6000703" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6000703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6000703/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="2554" startId="5.[160,225,1493,1516]" targetBox="[164,1151,143,1459]" targetPageId="5">
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<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC3FFF5FF3AFA69851F8029" blockId="5.[160,1155,1493,1574]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2554">
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC3FFF5FF3AFA69869983E3" bold="true" box="[160,254,1493,1516]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2554">Figure 4.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC3FFF5FE93FA69878A83E3" box="[265,493,1493,1516]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="5" pageNumber="2554" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="termitis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC3FFF5FE93FA69878A83E3" box="[265,493,1493,1516]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2554">Halicephalobus termitis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC2B21AFFC3FFF5FE62FA69842E83E3" box="[504,585,1493,1516]" pageId="5" pageNumber="2554" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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female (SEM). (a)
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC3FFF5FC96FA69853283E3" box="[780,853,1493,1516]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="2554">En face</emphasis>
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view; (b) anterior region; (c) cuticular punctations and excretory pore; (d) body region with lateral ridges; (e) vulval region; (f) vulva–anal region; (g) anal region; (h) posterior region. Scale bar = 5 µm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC0FFF6FF3AFF3286BD86A7" blockId="6.[160,282,142,203]" box="[160,218,142,168]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FF3AFF3286BD86A7" bold="true" box="[160,218,142,168]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Male</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC0FFF6FF3AFF0E877D86C4" blockId="6.[160,282,142,203]" box="[160,282,178,203]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Not found.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC0FFF6FF3AFF4487AA871D" blockId="6.[160,461,248,274]" box="[160,461,248,274]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">
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<heading id="8D72641FFFC0FFF6FF3AFF4487AA871D" bold="true" box="[160,461,248,274]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FF3AFF4487AA871D" bold="true" box="[160,461,248,274]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Dauer/phoretic juveniles</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC0FFF6FF3AFE9084DB8454" blockId="6.[160,1156,300,741]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">
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Body smaller, slightly ventrally arcuate upon fixation. Cuticle smooth, thin,
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FC78FE90859C874A" box="[994,1019,300,325]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">ca</emphasis>
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0.1–0.2 μm. Lateral field with single ridge. Lip region twice its height, continuous with body contour. Stoma long, narrow,
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<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FE1DFECE87C78784" box="[391,416,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">ca</emphasis>
|
||
5–6 times longer than wide. Pharynx well developed with slender, 16–19 μm long procorpus, with metacorpus swelling of 6–8 μm × 4–67 μm in dimension and a much narrower, 13–14 μm long isthmus, expanded posteriorly into an ovoid basal bulb of about 7–8 μm × 56 μm in dimension. Nerve ring encircling mid-region of isthmus. Secretory–excretory duct inconspicuous, occasionally seen just behind nerve ring. Cardia short, conoid. Intestine thick-walled, granular. Rectum about as long as anal body diameter. Tail short, conical, ending with sharp pointed tip.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC0FFF6FF5AFDD8821184EA" blockId="6.[160,1156,300,741]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">
|
||
The dauer larvae were isolated from the head of excised adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC0FFF6FC0BFDD882198472" authorityName="Rossi" authorityYear="1792" box="[913,1150,612,637]" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucifugus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FC0BFDD882198472" box="[913,1150,612,637]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Rhinotermes lucifugus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while other life stages of nematodes could be found on the termite mound and adjoining rotting wood. The nematodes were cultured on NGM seeded with bacteria. No males could be found in the culture, indicating parthenogenesis was the only mode of reproduction.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9E9F80F8FFC0FFF6FF3AFC94874485D1" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC0FFF6FF3AFC9487B4854D" blockId="6.[160,467,808,834]" box="[160,467,808,834]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">
|
||
<heading id="8D72641FFFC0FFF6FF3AFC9487B4854D" bold="true" box="[160,467,808,834]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FF3AFC9487B4854D" bold="true" box="[160,467,808,834]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">
|
||
<typeStatus id="093E6DD1FFC0FFF6FF3AFC9486BD854D" box="[160,218,808,834]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
habitat and locality
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC0FFF6FF3AFCE1874485D1" blockId="6.[160,1155,861,990]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC0FFF6FF3AFCE187FC8579" box="[160,411,861,886]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="termitis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FF3AFCE187FC8579" box="[160,411,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Halicephalobus termitis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC2B21AFFC0FFF6FE3EFCE1879B8579" box="[420,508,861,886]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
was isolated from the head of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC0FFF6FCF9FCE182378579" authorityName="Rossi" authorityYear="1792" box="[867,1104,861,886]" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucifugus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FCF9FCE182378579" box="[867,1104,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Rhinotermes lucifugus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and collected from the termite mound in the hollow of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC0FFF6FC9EFCC382298597" box="[772,1102,895,920]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pongamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinnata">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FC9EFCC385A98597" box="[772,974,895,920]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Pongamia pinnata</emphasis>
|
||
(Fabaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
tree (commonly known as Karanj) from Aligarh Fort,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="14411D91FFC0FFF6FD3EFC1E855C85B4" box="[676,827,930,955]" country="India" name="Uttar Pradesh" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Uttar Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="AE9293E3FFC0FFF6FCD9FC1E851B85B4" box="[835,892,930,955]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at coordinates
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B3B1B5B4FFC0FFF6FBBFFC1E86D585D1" degrees="27.5534" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" precision="5" value="27.5534">27.5534° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B3B1B5B4FFC0FFF6FF22FC79874485D1" box="[184,291,965,990]" degrees="78.0429" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" precision="5" value="78.0429">78.0429°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9E9F80F8FFC0FFF6FF3AFB9C823782DA" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC0FFF6FF3AFB9C872E8235" blockId="6.[160,329,1056,1082]" box="[160,329,1056,1082]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">
|
||
<heading id="8D72641FFFC0FFF6FF3AFB9C872E8235" bold="true" box="[160,329,1056,1082]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FF3AFB9C872E8235" bold="true" box="[160,329,1056,1082]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">
|
||
<typeStatus id="093E6DD1FFC0FFF6FF3AFB9C86BD8235" box="[160,218,1056,1082]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC0FFF6FF3AFBE8823782DA" blockId="6.[160,1155,1108,1237]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="66EDD92EFFC0FFF6FF3AFBE887868262" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3461589301" box="[160,481,1108,1133]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="C08318FAFFC0FFF6FF3AFBE8872F8262" box="[160,328,1108,1133]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Twelve females</specimenCount>
|
||
(the
|
||
<typeStatus id="093E6DD1FFC0FFF6FEE5FBE887868262" box="[383,481,1108,1133]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="C08318FAFFC0FFF6FD8DFBE884C18262" box="[535,678,1108,1133]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">11 paratypes</specimenCount>
|
||
) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC0FFF6FD57FBE885A38262" box="[717,964,1108,1133]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="termitis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FD57FBE885A38262" box="[717,964,1108,1133]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Halicephalobus termitis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC2B21AFFC0FFF6FC50FBE882788262" box="[970,1055,1108,1133]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
on slides Q1/1-8 were deposited in the Nematodes Collection, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="14411D91FFC0FFF6FE4AFB26840D82BC" box="[464,618,1178,1203]" country="India" name="Uttar Pradesh" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Uttar Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="AE9293E3FFC0FFF6FDEFFB2684C982BC" box="[629,686,1178,1203]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Two
|
||
<typeStatus id="093E6DD1FFC0FFF6FD6BFB26853482BC" box="[753,851,1178,1203]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
females were deposited in the Nematode Collection Unit, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New
|
||
<collectingRegion id="14411D91FFC0FFF6FB8AFB00822B82DA" box="[1040,1100,1212,1237]" country="India" name="Delhi" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Delhi</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9E9F80F8FFC0FFF7FF3AFAA4826583A5" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="2556" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC0FFF6FF3AFAA48793833D" blockId="6.[160,500,1304,1330]" box="[160,500,1304,1330]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">
|
||
<heading id="8D72641FFFC0FFF6FF3AFAA48793833D" bold="true" box="[160,500,1304,1330]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FF3AFAA48793833D" bold="true" box="[160,500,1304,1330]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Diagnosis and relationships</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC0FFF6FF3AFAF185A38057" blockId="6.[159,1157,1357,1728]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC0FFF6FF3AFAF187F68369" box="[160,401,1357,1382]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="termitis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FF3AFAF187F68369" box="[160,401,1357,1382]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Halicephalobus termitis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC2B21AFFC0FFF6FE0CFAF1878F8369" box="[406,488,1357,1382]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is characterised by small body size; lateral field with two ridges terminating into one ridge posterior to phasmids;lips small,arranged around a hexagonal oral aperture; stoma with weakly cuticularised cheilostom; longer strongly cuticularised gymnostom; dorsal wall of metastegostom conically projected without a discernible tooth; secretory– excretory pore located at level of basal bulb; ovary with double flexures with posterior dorsal flexure about 1/3 of anterior flexure and the distal tip reaching anterior level of vulva; vagina oblique with protruded vulval lips; vulva–anus distance about twice tail length; tail short, conical with three conspicuous caudal cells, tapering into a minute mucro.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC0FFF7FF5AF9DE820686E2" blockId="6.[159,1157,1357,1728]" lastBlockId="7.[159,1156,142,1450]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="2556" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC0FFF6FF5AF9DE87A58074" box="[192,450,1634,1659]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="termitis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FF5AF9DE87A58074" box="[192,450,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">Halicephalobus termitis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC2B21AFFC0FFF6FE56F9DE84408074" box="[460,551,1634,1659]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC0FFF6FD36F9DE86B08091" authority="(Andrassy, 1952) Andrassy, 1974" authorityName="Andrassy" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Andrassy" baseAuthorityYear="1952" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="similigaster">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FD36F9DE852F8074" box="[684,840,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">H. similigaster</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B214AE82FFC0FFF6FCC2F9DE82618074" author="Andrassy I" box="[856,1030,1634,1659]" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" pagination="13 - 65" refId="ref7385" refString="Andrassy I. 1952. Freilebende Nematoden aus dem Bukk-Gebirge. Ann Hist Nat Mus Nat Hung. 2: 13 - 65." type="journal article" year="1952">Andrássy, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B214AE82FFC0FFF6FB82F9DE86B08091" author="Andrassy I" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" pagination="14 - 58" refId="ref7409" refString="Andrassy I. 1974. A nematodak evolucioja es rendszerezese. MTA Biol Oszt Kozlem. 17: 14 - 58." type="journal article" year="1974">
|
||
Andrássy,
|
||
<quantity id="117D7E96FFC0FFF6FF3AF93986B08091" box="[160,215,1669,1694]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.01396" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555" unit="in" value="1974.0">1974</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in most morphological and morphometric characters but differs in having smaller
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FF3AF91B86C980CF" box="[160,174,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">a</emphasis>
|
||
(10.6–13.2 vs 17.7–25.0) and
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FD9BF91B847680CF" box="[513,529,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">c’</emphasis>
|
||
(2.6–3.2 vs 4.0–10.0) and greater
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC0FFF6FC0FF91B85C480CF" box="[917,931,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="2555">V</emphasis>
|
||
(71.2–74.9 vs 49.0– 67.6) values; lip region with (vs without) sclerotised cephalic plate; posterior flexure extending anterior to vulva (vs up to or at posterior level of vulva); and tail short conical (vs elongate conoid in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC1FFF7FE38FF68854C86E2" authority="Andrassy, 1952" authorityName="Andrassy" authorityYear="1952" box="[418,811,212,237]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" phylum="Nematoda" rank="subSpecies" species="similigaster" subSpecies="apud">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FE38FF68841D86E2" box="[418,634,212,237]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">H. similigaster apud</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B214AE82FFC1FFF7FD18FF68854C86E2" author="Andrassy I" box="[642,811,212,237]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" pagination="13 - 65" refId="ref7385" refString="Andrassy I. 1952. Freilebende Nematoden aus dem Bukk-Gebirge. Ann Hist Nat Mus Nat Hung. 2: 13 - 65." type="journal article" year="1952">Andrássy, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B214AE82FFC1FFF7FCA2FF6885A686E2" author="Korner H" box="[824,961,212,237]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" pagination="245 - 353" refId="ref7938" refString="Korner H. 1954. Die Nematodenfauna des vergehenden Holzes und ihre Beziehungen zu den Insekten. Zool Jahrb (Syst). 82: 245 - 353." type="journal article" year="1954">Körner 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B214AE82FFC1FFF7FC54FF68823386E2" author="Kohler A" box="[974,1108,212,237]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" pagination="287 - 293" refId="ref7878" refString="Kohler A. 2011. Description of Halicephalobus similigaster (Andrassy, 1952) and a comparison with its junior synonyms H. minutus (Korner, 1954) syn. n. and H. parvus (Korner, 1954) syn. n. (Nematoda: Panagrolaimidae). Nematology. 13: 287 - 293." type="journal article" year="2011">Köhler 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC1FFF7FF5AFF4A84C487B2" blockId="7.[159,1156,142,1450]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">
|
||
The new species differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC1FFF7FD9EFF4A859A8700" authority="(Mavljano, 1976) Andrassy, 1984" authorityName="Andrassy" authorityYear="1984" baseAuthorityName="Mavljanov" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[516,1021,246,271]" class="Secernentea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Micronema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FD9EFF4A84F28700" box="[516,661,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">H. brevicauda</emphasis>
|
||
(Mavljano, 1976)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B214AE82FFC1FFF7FCC3FF4A859A8700" author="Andrassy I" box="[857,1021,246,271]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" refId="ref7431" refString="Andrassy I. 1984. Klasse Nematoda (Ordnungen Monhysterida, Desmoscolecida, Araeolaimida, Chromadorida, Rhabditida). Berlin (Germany): Akademie Verlag; p. 509." type="journal volume" year="1984">
|
||
Andrássy,
|
||
<quantity id="117D7E96FFC1FFF7FC52FF4A859A8700" box="[968,1021,246,271]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.03936" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" unit="in" value="1984.0">1984</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in relatively smaller
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FF68FEA58767873D" box="[242,256,281,306]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">a</emphasis>
|
||
(10.6–13.2 vs 13–17) and
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FD95FEA5847D873D" box="[527,538,281,306]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">c</emphasis>
|
||
(6.6–8.1 vs 11–14) values;lip region offset (vs continuous); shorter stoma (8–9 μm vs 16 μm); nerve ring surrounding posterior region of isthmus (vs anterior region of isthmus); secretory–excretory pore at level of basal bulb (vs at mid-level of isthmus); vulva relatively posterior (
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FD8FFE3D84448795" box="[533,547,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">V</emphasis>
|
||
= 71–75 vs 56–60); and anal body diameter (11–13 μm vs 4–11 μm in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC1FFF7FEBBFE1884F087B2" authority="Andrassy, 1984" authorityName="Andrassy" authorityYear="1984" box="[289,663,420,445]" class="Secernentea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Micronema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" phylum="Nematoda" rank="subSpecies" species="brevicauda" subSpecies="apud">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FEBBFE18878987B2" box="[289,494,420,445]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">H. brevicauda apud</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B214AE82FFC1FFF7FE6EFE1884F087B2" author="Andrassy I" box="[500,663,420,445]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" refId="ref7431" refString="Andrassy I. 1984. Klasse Nematoda (Ordnungen Monhysterida, Desmoscolecida, Araeolaimida, Chromadorida, Rhabditida). Berlin (Germany): Akademie Verlag; p. 509." type="journal volume" year="1984">Andrássy, 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC1FFF7FF5AFE7A859E84FA" blockId="7.[159,1156,142,1450]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC1FFF7FF5AFE7A87DA87D0" box="[192,445,454,479]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="termitis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FF5AFE7A87DA87D0" box="[192,445,454,479]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">Halicephalobus termitis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC2B21AFFC1FFF7FE59FE7A847E87D0" box="[451,537,454,479]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is a plump species that, besides showing a difference in habitat, differs from the closely related
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC1FFF7FDF3FE5585B4840D" authority="Geraert et al., 1988" authorityName="Geraert" authorityYear="1988" box="[617,979,489,514]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="laticauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FDF3FE558489840D" box="[617,750,489,514]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">H. laticauda</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B214AE82FFC1FFF7FD62FE5585B4840D" author="Geraert E & Sudhaus W & Lenaerts L & Bosmans E" box="[760,979,489,514]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" pagination="5 - 12" refId="ref7745" refString="Geraert E, Sudhaus W, Lenaerts L, Bosmans E. 1988. Halicephalobus laticauda sp. n., a nematode found in a Belgian coal mine (Nematoda, Rhabditida). Ann Soc R Zool Belg. 118: 5 - 12." type="journal article" year="1988">
|
||
Geraert et al.,
|
||
<quantity id="117D7E96FFC1FFF7FC06FE5585B4840D" box="[924,979,489,514]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.04952" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" unit="in" value="1988.0">1988</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its relatively smaller body (211–260 μm vs 255–347 μm); smaller
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FD7CFDB08493842A" box="[742,756,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">a</emphasis>
|
||
(10.6–13.2 vs 24–29) and
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FB8FFDB08242842A" box="[1045,1061,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">c’</emphasis>
|
||
(2.6–3.2 vs 4.1–6.2) values; nerve ring surrounding posterior region of isthmus (vs anterior region of isthmus); secretory–excretory duct opening at level of basal bulb (vs mid-level of isthmus); reproductive system larger, occupying 48–67% (vs 26–33%) of the body; relatively posterior vulva (
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FE31FD2A87DE84A0" box="[427,441,662,687]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">V</emphasis>
|
||
= 71–75 vs
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FDCFFD2A840484A0" box="[597,611,662,687]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">V</emphasis>
|
||
= 52–63); eggs wider (35–40 × 15–18 μm vs 40 × 6 μm); tail uniformly tapering (vs abruptly tapering); and tail tip without a sclerotised string (vs sclerotised string present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC1FFF7FDD7FD60858B84FA" authority="Geraert et al., 1988" authorityName="Geraert" authorityYear="1988" box="[589,1004,732,757]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" phylum="Nematoda" rank="subSpecies" species="laticauda" subSpecies="apud">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FDD7FD60857784FA" box="[589,784,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">H. laticauda apud</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B214AE82FFC1FFF7FC82FD60858B84FA" author="Geraert E & Sudhaus W & Lenaerts L & Bosmans E" box="[792,1004,732,757]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" pagination="5 - 12" refId="ref7745" refString="Geraert E, Sudhaus W, Lenaerts L, Bosmans E. 1988. Halicephalobus laticauda sp. n., a nematode found in a Belgian coal mine (Nematoda, Rhabditida). Ann Soc R Zool Belg. 118: 5 - 12." type="journal article" year="1988">Geraert et al., 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC1FFF7FF5AFD4286868205" blockId="7.[159,1156,142,1450]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">
|
||
The new species differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC1FFF7FD9AFD4285B88518" authority="(Stefanski, 1954) Andrassy, 1974" authorityName="Andrassy" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Stefanski" baseAuthorityYear="1954" box="[512,991,766,791]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="gingivalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FD9AFD4284188518" box="[512,639,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">H. gingivalis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B214AE82FFC1FFF7FD11FD4285498518" author="Stefanski W" box="[651,814,766,791]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" pagination="329 - 336" refId="ref8231" refString="Stefanski W. 1954. Rhabditis gingivalis sp. n., parasite trouve dans un granulome de la gencive chez un cheval. Acta Parasitol Pol. 1: 329 - 336." type="journal article" year="1954">Stefanski, 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B214AE82FFC1FFF7FCA6FD4285B88518" author="Andrassy I" box="[828,991,766,791]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" pagination="14 - 58" refId="ref7409" refString="Andrassy I. 1974. A nematodak evolucioja es rendszerezese. MTA Biol Oszt Kozlem. 17: 14 - 58." type="journal article" year="1974">
|
||
Andrássy,
|
||
<quantity id="117D7E96FFC1FFF7FC30FD4285B88518" box="[938,991,766,791]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.01396" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" unit="in" value="1974.0">1974</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its relatively smaller body size (211–260 μm vs 250–430 μm); smaller
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FD63FC9D85608535" box="[761,775,801,826]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">a</emphasis>
|
||
(10.6–13.2 vs 15–23) and
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FB80FC9D824D8535" box="[1050,1066,801,826]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">c’</emphasis>
|
||
(2.6–3.2 vs 5.4–5.5) values; vulva situated more posteriorly (
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FD7AFCF884898552" box="[736,750,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">V</emphasis>
|
||
= 71–75 vs 56–65); metastegostom without any discernible tooth (vs with a minute tooth); nerve ring surrounding posterior region of isthmus (vs anterior region of isthmus); secretory–excretory duct opening at level of basal bulb (vs mid-level of isthmus); rectum as long as anal body diameter (vs longer than anal body diameter); and tail short conical (vs long conoid in
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FCDCFC72851B85E8" box="[838,892,974,999]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">apud</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B214AE82FFC1FFF7FC1FFC7286B38205" author="Anderson RV & Bemrick BJ" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" pagination="74 - 75" refId="ref7348" refString="Anderson RV, Bemrick BJ. 1965. Micronema deletrix n. sp., a saprophagus nematode inhabiting a nasal tumour of a horse. Proc Helminth Soc Wash. 32: 74 - 75." type="journal article" year="1965">Anderson and Bemrick, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC1FFF7FF5AFBA8868682F2" blockId="7.[159,1156,142,1450]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC1FFF7FF5AFBA887D18222" box="[192,438,1044,1069]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="termitis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FF5AFBA887D18222" box="[192,438,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">Halicephalobus termitis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FFC2B21AFFC1FFF7FE5AFBA884708222" box="[448,535,1044,1069]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC1FFF7FD30FBA882778222" authority="Shokoohi et al., 2007" authorityName="Shokoohi" authorityYear="2007" box="[682,1040,1044,1069]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="persicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FD30FBA8857B8222" box="[682,796,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">H. persicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B214AE82FFC1FFF7FCBCFBA882778222" author="Shokoohi E & Abolafia J & Zad J" box="[806,1040,1044,1069]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" pagination="693 - 711" refId="ref8178" refString="Shokoohi E, Abolafia J, Zad J. 2007. Nematodes of the order Rhabditida from Tehran province, Iran. The family Panagrolaimidae with description of Halicephalobus persicus sp. n. and a key to species of Halicephalobus Timm, 1956. Nematology. 9: 693 - 711." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Shokoohi et al.,
|
||
<quantity id="117D7E96FFC1FFF7FC41FBA882778222" box="[987,1040,1044,1069]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.097779999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" unit="in" value="2007.0">2007</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having smaller
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FF69FB8A87668240" box="[243,257,1078,1103]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">a</emphasis>
|
||
(10.6–13.2 vs 21–26) and
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FD8FFB8A84428240" box="[533,549,1078,1103]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">c’</emphasis>
|
||
(2.6–3.2 vs 6.9–12.3) values; greater
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FC33FB8A85D38240" box="[937,948,1078,1103]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">c</emphasis>
|
||
(6.6–8.1 vs 4.4–5.2) and
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FF4BFBE586B8827D" box="[209,223,1113,1138]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">V</emphasis>
|
||
(71–74 vs 54–61) values; stegostom about as wide as gymnostom (vs narrower than gymnostom); nerve ring surrounding posterior region of isthmus (vs anterior region of isthmus); secretory–excretory duct opening at level of basal bulb (vs mid-level of isthmus); and greater vulva–anus distance (55–68 μm vs 43–54 μm in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC1FFF7FCB1FB7D86B382F2" authority="Shokoohi et al., 2007" authorityName="Shokoohi" authorityYear="2007" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" phylum="Nematoda" rank="subSpecies" species="persicus" subSpecies="apud">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FCB1FB7D85B182D5" box="[811,982,1217,1242]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">H. persicus apud</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B214AE82FFC1FFF7FC47FB7D86B382F2" author="Shokoohi E & Abolafia J & Zad J" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" pagination="693 - 711" refId="ref8178" refString="Shokoohi E, Abolafia J, Zad J. 2007. Nematodes of the order Rhabditida from Tehran province, Iran. The family Panagrolaimidae with description of Halicephalobus persicus sp. n. and a key to species of Halicephalobus Timm, 1956. Nematology. 9: 693 - 711." type="journal article" year="2007">Shokoohi et al., 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC1FFF7FF5AFABA826583A5" blockId="7.[159,1156,142,1450]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">
|
||
The new species differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC1FFF7FE62FABA85348310" authority="Borgonie et al., 2011" authorityName="Borgonie" authorityYear="2011" box="[504,851,1286,1311]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mephisto">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FE62FABA84148310" box="[504,627,1286,1311]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">H. mephisto</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B214AE82FFC1FFF7FDE3FABA85348310" author="Borgonie G & Litthauer D & Bert W & Bester A & Van Heerden E & Moller C & Erasmus M & Onstott TC" box="[633,851,1286,1311]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" pagination="79 - 82" refId="ref7547" refString="Borgonie G, Garc ί a-Moyano A, Litthauer D, Bert W, Bester A, Van Heerden E, Moller C, Erasmus M, Onstott TC. 2011. Nematoda from the terrestrial deep subsurface of South Africa. Nature. 474: 79 - 82." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Borgonie et al.,
|
||
<quantity id="117D7E96FFC1FFF7FC84FABA85348310" box="[798,851,1286,1311]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.10794" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" unit="in" value="2011.0">2011</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its relatively smaller body (211–260 μm vs 520–560 μm); smaller
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FDA5FA95842A834D" box="[575,589,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">a</emphasis>
|
||
(10.6–13.2 vs 32.9–34.6),
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FCC4FA95850B834D" box="[862,876,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">b</emphasis>
|
||
(3.5–4.1 vs 5.4–5.6) and
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FBE9FA9582E4834D" box="[1139,1155,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">c’</emphasis>
|
||
(2.6–3.2 vs 9–10) values; greater
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FD9BFAF0846B836A" box="[513,524,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">c</emphasis>
|
||
(6.6–8.1 vs 4.3–4.7) and
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FC8DFAF08542836A" box="[791,805,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">V</emphasis>
|
||
(71–75 vs 53–57) values; gonad with double flexure (vs single flexure); rectum as long as (vs shorter than) anal body diameter; and tail short conical (vs long filliform in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1185A8F0FFC1FFF7FDC2FA2D859183A5" authority="Borgonie et al., 2011" authorityName="Borgonie" authorityYear="2011" box="[600,1014,1425,1450]" class="Chromadorea" family="Panagrolaimidae" genus="Halicephalobus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" phylum="Nematoda" rank="subSpecies" species="mephisto" subSpecies="apud">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FDC2FA2D857683A5" box="[600,785,1425,1450]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">H. mephisto apud</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B214AE82FFC1FFF7FC82FA2D859183A5" author="Borgonie G & Litthauer D & Bert W & Bester A & Van Heerden E & Moller C & Erasmus M & Onstott TC" box="[792,1014,1425,1450]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" pagination="79 - 82" refId="ref7547" refString="Borgonie G, Garc ί a-Moyano A, Litthauer D, Bert W, Bester A, Van Heerden E, Moller C, Erasmus M, Onstott TC. 2011. Nematoda from the terrestrial deep subsurface of South Africa. Nature. 474: 79 - 82." type="journal article" year="2011">Borgonie et al., 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9E9F80F8FFC1FFF7FF3AFA54826F8039" box="[160,1032,1512,1590]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC1FFF7FF3AFA548745800D" blockId="7.[160,290,1512,1538]" box="[160,290,1512,1538]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">
|
||
<heading id="8D72641FFFC1FFF7FF3AFA548745800D" bold="true" box="[160,290,1512,1538]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4F10F61FFC1FFF7FF3AFA548745800D" bold="true" box="[160,290,1512,1538]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D63AD373FFC1FFF7FF3AF9A1826F8039" blockId="7.[160,1032,1565,1728]" box="[160,1032,1565,1590]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2556">The specific epithet is based on the termite host that yielded the nematodes.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |