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<document id="E422A7D19B2C13EBA68D4E20F21FD3C4" ID-CLB-Dataset="298375" ID-DOI="10.1515/bot-2023-0002" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b57e6c7c-0db9-46f1-9887-7f0fc0bea187" ID-ISSN="1437-4323" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11360276" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1716848111618" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Burel, Thomas, Helias, Mathieu &amp; Duff, Michel Le" docDate="2023" docId="038887F9643CFFEC95F7F951FAB332C9" docLanguage="en" docName="BotMar.66.3.151-164.pdf" docOrigin="Botanica Marina (Warsaw, Poland) 66 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bot-2023-0002" docStyle="DocumentStyle:9102D1D0F376D6FBA22A1B5DFA71D3A3.2:BotMar.2015-.journal_article.closed" docStyleId="9102D1D0F376D6FBA22A1B5DFA71D3A3" docStyleName="BotMar.2015-.journal_article.closed" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Polysiphonia morrowii Harvey 1857" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="157" masterDocId="FFB1FF81643AFFEA957FFFFBFFD83107" masterDocTitle="Range expansion of some non-indigenous seaweeds along the coasts of Brittany - English Channel" masterLastPageNumber="164" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="157" updateTime="1718129961382" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="CAEB27B7EA87CFB368961E743925E573">Range expansion of some non-indigenous seaweeds along the coasts of Brittany - English Channel</mods:title>
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<treatment id="038887F9643CFFEC95F7F951FAB332C9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11582109" ID-GBIF-Taxon="232730407" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11582109" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038887F9643CFFEC95F7F951FAB332C9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038887F9643CFFEC95F7F951FAB332C9" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
<subSubSection id="C33B6564643CFFEC95F7F951FD4937C0" box="[136,657,1705,1735]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9E36EF643CFFEC95F7F951FD4937C0" blockId="6.[136,657,1705,1735]" box="[136,657,1705,1735]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
<heading id="D0D68183643CFFEC95F7F951FD4937C0" box="[136,657,1705,1735]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B955EAFD643CFFEC95F7F951FD4937C0" bold="true" box="[136,657,1705,1735]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
3.5
<taxonomicName id="4C214D6C643CFFEC95BFF952FD4937C0" authority="Harvey 1857" authorityName="Harvey" authorityYear="1857" box="[192,657,1705,1735]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Polysiphonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="morrowii">
<emphasis id="B955EAFD643CFFEC95BFF952FE3A37C0" bold="true" box="[192,482,1705,1735]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Polysiphonia morrowii</emphasis>
Harvey 1857
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B6564643CFFEC95F7F90FFAB332C9" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9E36EF643CFFEC95F7F90FFAB332C9" blockId="6.[136,764,1780,1941]" lastBlockId="6.[794,1422,193,974]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
<taxonomicName id="4C214D6C643CFFEC95F7F90FFEAD360D" authorityName="Harvey" authorityYear="1857" box="[136,373,1780,1802]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Polysiphonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="morrowii">
<emphasis id="B955EAFD643CFFEC95F7F90FFEAD360D" box="[136,373,1780,1802]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Polysiphonia morrowii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described from
<collectingCountry id="F336767F643CFFEC97C5F90EFD20360D" box="[698,760,1781,1802]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Japan</collectingCountry>
, and its native range is the north-western Pacific (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B1E643CFFEC97D8F8ECFF603648" author="Chihara, M." pageId="6" pageNumber="157" refId="ref8336" refString="Chihara, M. (1970). Tokyo, Japan. In: Common seaweeds of Japan in color. Hoikusha Publishing Co., Ltd, Osaka, p. 173." type="journal volume" year="1970">Chihara 1970</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B1E643CFFEC95BAF8C1FE193657" author="Kudo, T. &amp; Masuda, M." box="[197,449,1850,1872]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" pagination="13 - 26" refId="ref10008" refString="Kudo, T. and Masuda, M. (1992). Taxonomic features of Polysiphonia morrowii Harvey (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta). Korean J. Phycol. 7: 13 - 26." type="journal article" year="1992">Kudo and Masuda 1992</bibRefCitation>
). The species was introduced in several locations in the Pacific Ocean (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B1E643CFFEC9730F8A7FD203676" author="Kim, M. - S. &amp; Yang, E. C. &amp; Mansilla, A. &amp; Boo, S. M." box="[591,760,1884,1906]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" pagination="389 - 394" refId="ref9859" refString="Kim, M. - S., Yang, E. C., Mansilla, A., and Boo, S. M. (2004). Recent introduction of Polysiphonia morrowii (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) to Punta Arenas, Chile. Bot. Mar. 47: 389 - 394." type="journal article" year="2004">Kim et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B1E643CFFEC95F7F884FEEB3692" author="Raffo, M. P. &amp; Geoffroy, A. &amp; Destombe, C. &amp; Schwindt, E." box="[136,307,1919,1941]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" pagination="21 - 26" refId="ref10987" refString="Raffo, M. P., Geoffroy, A., Destombe, C., and Schwindt, E. (2014). First record of the invasive red alga Polysiphonia morrowii Harvey (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) on the Patagonian shores of the Southwestern Atlantic. Bot. Mar. 57: 21 - 26." type="journal article" year="2014">Raffo et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
) and in the Atlantic Ocean (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B1E643CFFEC971CF884FC9331D0" author="Geoffroy, A. &amp; Destombe, C. &amp; Kim, B. &amp; Mauger, S. &amp; Raffo, M. P. &amp; Kim, M. S. &amp; Le Gall, L." box="[611,843,193,1941]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" pagination="5635 - 5647" refId="ref9269" refString="Geoffroy, A., Destombe, C., Kim, B., Mauger, S., Raffo, M. P., Kim, M. S., and Le Gall, L. (2016). Patterns of genetic diversity of the cryptogenic red alga Polysiphonia morrowii (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) suggest multiple origins of the Atlantic populations. Ecol. Evol. 6: 5635 - 5647." type="journal article" year="2016">Geoffroy et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). This filamentous species, belonging to the Tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C214D6C643CFFEC901AFF3AFC4131FE" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Polysiphonieae">Polysiphonieae</taxonomicName>
in the
<taxonomicName id="4C214D6C643CFFEC9699FF18FB5331FE" ID-CoL="FQJ" authorityName="J. E. Areschoug" authorityYear="1847" box="[998,1163,227,249]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="family">Rhodomelaceae</taxonomicName>
can be difficult to identify. The occurrence of uncut rhizoids (
<figureCitation id="131A2A6A643CFFEC91B9FEFDFAF6301B" box="[1222,1326,262,284]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="7.[166,224,1561,1580]" captionTargetBox="[168,1444,786,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-177@7.[166,1446,782,1522]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 8: Polysiphonia morrowii from Brittany:(a) dried specimen from Brest marina (Herbarium M.Helias);(b)general habit showing characteristic spike branches; (c) apex with secondary branches giving a spike aspect; (d) transverse section with four pericentral cells; (e) rhizoid with open section; (f) variation in branch tips; (g) tetrasporangia. Scale bars: (a) 5 cm; (b) 500 µm; (c) 100 µm; (dg) 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11360296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11360296/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Figure 8e</figureCitation>
), arising directly from periaxial cells, distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4C214D6C643CFFEC9077FED2FA553039" authorityName="Harvey" authorityYear="1857" box="[1288,1421,297,318]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Polysiphonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="morrowii">
<emphasis id="B955EAFD643CFFEC9077FED2FACE3039" box="[1288,1302,297,318]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B955EAFD643CFFEC9056FED2FA553039" box="[1321,1421,297,318]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">morrowii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from most other
<taxonomicName id="4C214D6C643CFFEC96A2FEB0FBBE3067" ID-CoL="63P5D" box="[989,1126,331,352]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Polysiphonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
<emphasis id="B955EAFD643CFFEC96A2FEB0FBBE3067" box="[989,1126,331,352]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Polysiphonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2665786643CFFEC910EFEB0FB553067" box="[1137,1165,331,352]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" sensu="lato">
<emphasis id="B955EAFD643CFFEC910EFEB0FBA33067" box="[1137,1147,331,352]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">s</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B955EAFD643CFFEC91FEFEB0FB503067" box="[1153,1160,331,352]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">l</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, but it was previously misidentified with the native
<taxonomicName id="4C214D6C643CFFEC912BFE96FC2730A1" authority="(Mertens ex Dillwyn) Greville" authorityName="Greville" baseAuthorityName="Dillwyn" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Polysiphonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">
<emphasis id="B955EAFD643CFFEC912BFE96FAFF3084" box="[1108,1319,365,387]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Polysiphonia stricta</emphasis>
(Mertens ex Dillwyn) Greville
</taxonomicName>
(see illustrations for
<taxonomicName id="4C214D6C643CFFEC907CFE6AFAB130A2" box="[1283,1385,400,422]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Polysiphonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">
<emphasis id="B955EAFD643CFFEC907CFE6AFAC930A1" box="[1283,1297,401,422]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B955EAFD643CFFEC905BFE6BFAB130A2" box="[1316,1385,400,421]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">stricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B1E643CFFEC9665FE49FB4330C0" author="Loiseaux-De Goer, S. &amp; Noailles, M. - C." box="[794,1179,434,456]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" refId="ref10289" refString="Loiseaux-De Goer, S. and Noailles, M. - C. (2008). Algues de Roscoff. Editions de la Station biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff." type="book" year="2008">Loiseaux-de Goër and Noailles 2008</bibRefCitation>
, pp. 118119). It differs from the latter species by the shape of its apical cells, which are always rounded in
<taxonomicName id="4C214D6C643CFFEC9168FE03FBAF330A" box="[1047,1143,504,525]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Polysiphonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">
<emphasis id="B955EAFD643CFFEC9168FE03FBAF330A" box="[1047,1143,504,525]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">P. stricta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but spiky in
<taxonomicName id="4C214D6C643CFFEC9071FE03FA55330A" authorityName="Harvey" authorityYear="1857" box="[1294,1421,504,525]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Polysiphonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="morrowii">
<emphasis id="B955EAFD643CFFEC9071FE03FA55330A" box="[1294,1421,504,525]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">P. morrowii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="131A2A6A643CFFEC965EFDE1FC0B3337" box="[801,979,538,560]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="7.[166,224,1561,1580]" captionTargetBox="[168,1444,786,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-177@7.[166,1446,782,1522]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 8: Polysiphonia morrowii from Brittany:(a) dried specimen from Brest marina (Herbarium M.Helias);(b)general habit showing characteristic spike branches; (c) apex with secondary branches giving a spike aspect; (d) transverse section with four pericentral cells; (e) rhizoid with open section; (f) variation in branch tips; (g) tetrasporangia. Scale bars: (a) 5 cm; (b) 500 µm; (c) 100 µm; (dg) 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11360296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11360296/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Figure 8b, c and f</figureCitation>
). Plants of
<taxonomicName id="4C214D6C643CFFEC9140FDE0FB603337" authorityName="Harvey" authorityYear="1857" box="[1087,1208,539,560]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Polysiphonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="morrowii">
<emphasis id="B955EAFD643CFFEC9140FDE0FB603337" box="[1087,1208,539,560]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">P. morrowii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected in Brittany can be found as epiliths in tidepools or on pontoons, growing up to
<quantity id="4CD99B0A643CFFEC9625FDA5FC633373" box="[858,955,606,629]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" unit="cm" value="27.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="25.0">2530 cm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="131A2A6A643CFFEC96B6FDA4FBE83372" box="[969,1072,607,629]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="7.[166,224,1561,1580]" captionTargetBox="[168,1444,786,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-177@7.[166,1446,782,1522]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 8: Polysiphonia morrowii from Brittany:(a) dried specimen from Brest marina (Herbarium M.Helias);(b)general habit showing characteristic spike branches; (c) apex with secondary branches giving a spike aspect; (d) transverse section with four pericentral cells; (e) rhizoid with open section; (f) variation in branch tips; (g) tetrasporangia. Scale bars: (a) 5 cm; (b) 500 µm; (c) 100 µm; (dg) 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11360296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11360296/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Figure 8a</figureCitation>
), and as a floating mass of freeliving entangled filaments in marinas. The species was also found in intertidal maerl beds, growing on
<taxonomicName id="4C214D6C643CFFEC918DFD5FFB4233DA" authority="(Helias and Burel 2023)" baseAuthorityName="Helias and Burel" baseAuthorityYear="2023" class="Florideophyceae" family="Hapalidiaceae" genus="Lithothamnion" kingdom="Plantae" order="Corallinales" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="corallioides">
<emphasis id="B955EAFD643CFFEC918DFD5FFC4B33DB" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Lithothamnion corallioides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B1E643CFFEC96DDFD3CFB4B33DA" author="Helias, M. &amp; Burel, T." box="[930,1171,711,733]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" pagination="14" refId="ref9619" refString="Helias, M. and Burel, T. (2023). Maerl-associated macroalgae in the bay of brest (Brittany, France). Mar. Biodivers. 53: 14." type="journal article" year="2023">Helias and Burel 2023</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. In transverse section, plants of
<taxonomicName id="4C214D6C643CFFEC96FAFD11FBDE33F8" authorityName="Harvey" authorityYear="1857" box="[901,1030,746,767]" class="Florideophyceae" family="Rhodomelaceae" genus="Polysiphonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ceramiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Rhodophyta" rank="species" species="morrowii">
<emphasis id="B955EAFD643CFFEC96FAFD11FBDE33F8" box="[901,1030,746,767]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">P. morrowii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a central cell surrounded by four periaxial cells (
<figureCitation id="131A2A6A643CFFEC968CFCF7FB833225" box="[1011,1115,780,802]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="7.[166,224,1561,1580]" captionTargetBox="[168,1444,786,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-177@7.[166,1446,782,1522]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 8: Polysiphonia morrowii from Brittany:(a) dried specimen from Brest marina (Herbarium M.Helias);(b)general habit showing characteristic spike branches; (c) apex with secondary branches giving a spike aspect; (d) transverse section with four pericentral cells; (e) rhizoid with open section; (f) variation in branch tips; (g) tetrasporangia. Scale bars: (a) 5 cm; (b) 500 µm; (c) 100 µm; (dg) 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11360296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11360296/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Figure 8d</figureCitation>
). Tetrasporangia develop on ultimate and auxiliary branchlets, in series of 35 mature tetrasporangia (
<figureCitation id="131A2A6A643CFFEC96BAFCAAFBF63260" box="[965,1070,849,871]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="7.[166,224,1561,1580]" captionTargetBox="[168,1444,786,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-177@7.[166,1446,782,1522]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 8: Polysiphonia morrowii from Brittany:(a) dried specimen from Brest marina (Herbarium M.Helias);(b)general habit showing characteristic spike branches; (c) apex with secondary branches giving a spike aspect; (d) transverse section with four pericentral cells; (e) rhizoid with open section; (f) variation in branch tips; (g) tetrasporangia. Scale bars: (a) 5 cm; (b) 500 µm; (c) 100 µm; (dg) 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11360296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11360296/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
Figure
<quantity id="4CD99B0A643CFFEC916BFCAAFBF63260" box="[1044,1070,849,871]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" unit="g" value="8.0">8g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
). Some plants bearing urceolate cystocarps were observed. Intertidal plants living in tidepools are most fully developed during winter and early spring, disappear in summer and are absent in autumn.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>