260 lines
34 KiB
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260 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83781" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2193-0074-1-99" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2F5D6AE2EEB55A17ACF1623B06B4EA8D" ID-ZooBank="7A16698D4F1848D29D9651A6E0CC15AC" ModsDocID="2193-0074-25-1-99" checkinTime="1667366289781" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Vasilyan, Davit, Cernansky, Andrej, Szyndlar, Zbigniew & Moers, Thomas" docDate="2022" docId="38E0BE8B7F1D57B28D83CAC184CF274C" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilRecord 25(1): 99-145" docOrigin="Fossil Record 25 (1)" docPubDate="2022-05-10" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83781" docTitle="Pelobates sanchizi Venczel 2004" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="2F5D6AE2EEB55A17ACF1623B06B4EA8D" lastPageNumber="99" masterDocId="2F5D6AE2EEB55A17ACF1623B06B4EA8D" masterDocTitle="Amphibian and reptilian fauna from the early Miocene of Echzell, Germany" masterLastPageNumber="145" masterPageNumber="99" pageNumber="99" updateTime="1667366289781" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Amphibian and reptilian fauna from the early Miocene of Echzell, Germany</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Vasilyan, Davit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8712-0678</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>JURASSICA Museum, Route de Fontenais 21. 2900 Porrentruy, Switzerland & Department of Geosciences, University of Fribourg, Chemin du musee 6, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">davit.vasilyan@jurassica.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cernansky, Andrej</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-2503</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology, Laboratory of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Szyndlar, Zbigniew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Slawkowska 17, 31 - 016 Krakow, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Moers, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2268-5824</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Palaeobiology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 50007, 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden & Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Fossil Record</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-05-10</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>25</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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<mods:start>99</mods:start>
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<mods:end>145</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83781</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.25.83781</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2193-0074-1-99</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:38E0BE8B7F1D57B28D83CAC184CF274C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/38E0BE8B7F1D57B28D83CAC184CF274C" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
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<taxonomicName LSID="38E0BE8B-7F1D-57B2-8D83-CAC184CF274C" authority="Venczel, 2004" authorityName="Venczel" authorityYear="2004" class="Amphibia" family="Pelobatidae" genus="Pelobates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelobates sanchizi" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanchizi">Pelobates sanchizi Venczel, 2004</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pelobates sanchizi from the Echzell locality. Frontoparietals HLDM-Ez 2109 (A, B), HLDM-Ez 2107 (C, D), HLDM-Ez 2108 (E-G). Squamosals HLDM-Ez 2105 (H, I), HLDM-Ez 2106 (J, K). Maxillae HLDM-Ez 2077 (L, M), HLDM-Ez 2097 (N, O). Premaxilla HLDM-Ez 2098 (P, Q). Vertebrae HLDM-Ez 2101 (S-V), HLDM-EZ 2099 (r). Ilia HLDM-Ez 2113 (W), HLDM-Ez 2111 (X-Z), HLDM-Ez 2112 (AA). Bones figures in (A, C, E, G, H, J, U) dorsal, (B, D, I, K, V) ventral, (F, T, Y) posterior, (L, N, P) labial, (M, O, Q) lingual, (S) anterior, (R, W, X, AA) lateral and (z) medial views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682227" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Four frontoparietals HLMD-Ez 2107-2110, 13 squamosals HLMD-Ez 2104-2106, one premaxilla HLMD-Ez 2098, 48 maxillae HLMD-Ez 2095-2097, 38 fragments of skull bones HLMD-Ez 2103, three presacral HLMD-Ez 2098, 2099, 2102 and two sacral vertebrae HLMD-Ez 2100, 2101, 11 ilia HLMD-Ez 2111-2115.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
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Frontoparietals: Fragmentarily preserved remains are covered dorsally with the characteristic pit-and-ridge style sculpture as well as low spines (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pelobates sanchizi from the Echzell locality. Frontoparietals HLDM-Ez 2109 (A, B), HLDM-Ez 2107 (C, D), HLDM-Ez 2108 (E-G). Squamosals HLDM-Ez 2105 (H, I), HLDM-Ez 2106 (J, K). Maxillae HLDM-Ez 2077 (L, M), HLDM-Ez 2097 (N, O). Premaxilla HLDM-Ez 2098 (P, Q). Vertebrae HLDM-Ez 2101 (S-V), HLDM-EZ 2099 (r). Ilia HLDM-Ez 2113 (W), HLDM-Ez 2111 (X-Z), HLDM-Ez 2112 (AA). Bones figures in (A, C, E, G, H, J, U) dorsal, (B, D, I, K, V) ventral, (F, T, Y) posterior, (L, N, P) labial, (M, O, Q) lingual, (S) anterior, (R, W, X, AA) lateral and (z) medial views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682227" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">7A, H</figureCitation>
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). The tectum supraorbitale is moderately broad. In dorsal view, the lateral superior process is longer than broad. The articulation surface with the squamosal is well-developed, concave and oriented fully laterally (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pelobates sanchizi from the Echzell locality. Frontoparietals HLDM-Ez 2109 (A, B), HLDM-Ez 2107 (C, D), HLDM-Ez 2108 (E-G). Squamosals HLDM-Ez 2105 (H, I), HLDM-Ez 2106 (J, K). Maxillae HLDM-Ez 2077 (L, M), HLDM-Ez 2097 (N, O). Premaxilla HLDM-Ez 2098 (P, Q). Vertebrae HLDM-Ez 2101 (S-V), HLDM-EZ 2099 (r). Ilia HLDM-Ez 2113 (W), HLDM-Ez 2111 (X-Z), HLDM-Ez 2112 (AA). Bones figures in (A, C, E, G, H, J, U) dorsal, (B, D, I, K, V) ventral, (F, T, Y) posterior, (L, N, P) labial, (M, O, Q) lingual, (S) anterior, (R, W, X, AA) lateral and (z) medial views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682227" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">7A</figureCitation>
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). Neither incrassation frontoparietalis nor the margins are preserved/observable in the remains. The paroccipital process is reduced, but its dorsal surface possesses a distinct crest. The medial base of the paroccipital process is pierced by the occipital arterial foramen, which is covered dorsally by the posterior margin of the frontoparietal and, thus, not visible in dorsal view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pelobates sanchizi from the Echzell locality. Frontoparietals HLDM-Ez 2109 (A, B), HLDM-Ez 2107 (C, D), HLDM-Ez 2108 (E-G). Squamosals HLDM-Ez 2105 (H, I), HLDM-Ez 2106 (J, K). Maxillae HLDM-Ez 2077 (L, M), HLDM-Ez 2097 (N, O). Premaxilla HLDM-Ez 2098 (P, Q). Vertebrae HLDM-Ez 2101 (S-V), HLDM-EZ 2099 (r). Ilia HLDM-Ez 2113 (W), HLDM-Ez 2111 (X-Z), HLDM-Ez 2112 (AA). Bones figures in (A, C, E, G, H, J, U) dorsal, (B, D, I, K, V) ventral, (F, T, Y) posterior, (L, N, P) labial, (M, O, Q) lingual, (S) anterior, (R, W, X, AA) lateral and (z) medial views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682227" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">7E</figureCitation>
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). The fragmentarily preserved parts of the inferior superior process suggest that it was not longer than the lateral superior process. However, its lateral and slightly ventrally bending can be assumed. The arteria orbitonasalis opens ventrally on the supraorbital tectum (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pelobates sanchizi from the Echzell locality. Frontoparietals HLDM-Ez 2109 (A, B), HLDM-Ez 2107 (C, D), HLDM-Ez 2108 (E-G). Squamosals HLDM-Ez 2105 (H, I), HLDM-Ez 2106 (J, K). Maxillae HLDM-Ez 2077 (L, M), HLDM-Ez 2097 (N, O). Premaxilla HLDM-Ez 2098 (P, Q). Vertebrae HLDM-Ez 2101 (S-V), HLDM-EZ 2099 (r). Ilia HLDM-Ez 2113 (W), HLDM-Ez 2111 (X-Z), HLDM-Ez 2112 (AA). Bones figures in (A, C, E, G, H, J, U) dorsal, (B, D, I, K, V) ventral, (F, T, Y) posterior, (L, N, P) labial, (M, O, Q) lingual, (S) anterior, (R, W, X, AA) lateral and (z) medial views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682227" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">7F</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682227" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Figure 7.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Venczel" authorityYear="2004" class="Amphibia" family="Pelobatidae" genus="Pelobates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelobates sanchizi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanchizi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Pelobates sanchizi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the Echzell locality. Frontoparietals HLDM-Ez 2109 (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A, B</emphasis>
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), HLDM-Ez 2107 (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">C, D</emphasis>
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), HLDM-Ez 2108 (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">E-G</emphasis>
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). Squamosals HLDM-Ez 2105 (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">H, I</emphasis>
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), HLDM-Ez 2106 (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">J, K</emphasis>
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). Maxillae HLDM-Ez 2077 (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">L, M</emphasis>
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), HLDM-Ez 2097 (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">N, O</emphasis>
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). Premaxilla HLDM-Ez 2098 (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">P, Q</emphasis>
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). Vertebrae HLDM-Ez 2101 (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">S-V</emphasis>
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), HLDM-EZ 2099 (r). Ilia HLDM-Ez 2113 (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">W</emphasis>
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), HLDM-Ez 2111 (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">X-Z</emphasis>
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), HLDM-Ez 2112 (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">AA</emphasis>
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). Bones figures in (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">A, C, E, G, H, J, U</emphasis>
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) dorsal, (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">B, D, I, K, V</emphasis>
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) ventral, (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">F, T, Y</emphasis>
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) posterior, (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">L, N, P</emphasis>
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) labial, (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">M, O, Q</emphasis>
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) lingual, (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">S</emphasis>
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) anterior, (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">R, W, X, AA</emphasis>
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) lateral and (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">z</emphasis>
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) medial views. Scale bars: 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
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Squamosals: The dorsal surface is covered by a similar to frontoparietal pit-and-ridge sculpture. The bone remains are fragmentarily preserved. Only in HLMD-Ez 2105 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pelobates sanchizi from the Echzell locality. Frontoparietals HLDM-Ez 2109 (A, B), HLDM-Ez 2107 (C, D), HLDM-Ez 2108 (E-G). Squamosals HLDM-Ez 2105 (H, I), HLDM-Ez 2106 (J, K). Maxillae HLDM-Ez 2077 (L, M), HLDM-Ez 2097 (N, O). Premaxilla HLDM-Ez 2098 (P, Q). Vertebrae HLDM-Ez 2101 (S-V), HLDM-EZ 2099 (r). Ilia HLDM-Ez 2113 (W), HLDM-Ez 2111 (X-Z), HLDM-Ez 2112 (AA). Bones figures in (A, C, E, G, H, J, U) dorsal, (B, D, I, K, V) ventral, (F, T, Y) posterior, (L, N, P) labial, (M, O, Q) lingual, (S) anterior, (R, W, X, AA) lateral and (z) medial views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682227" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">7H, I</figureCitation>
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), an intact posterodorsal process lamina is present, and shows rounded posterior margin. The dorsal and zygomatic processes are broken. However, considering the presence of intact and concave bone margins between the preserved bases of these processes, we can suggest that they were delimited from each other. In ventral view, lamellar structures at the base of the posterolateral processes are observable (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pelobates sanchizi from the Echzell locality. Frontoparietals HLDM-Ez 2109 (A, B), HLDM-Ez 2107 (C, D), HLDM-Ez 2108 (E-G). Squamosals HLDM-Ez 2105 (H, I), HLDM-Ez 2106 (J, K). Maxillae HLDM-Ez 2077 (L, M), HLDM-Ez 2097 (N, O). Premaxilla HLDM-Ez 2098 (P, Q). Vertebrae HLDM-Ez 2101 (S-V), HLDM-EZ 2099 (r). Ilia HLDM-Ez 2113 (W), HLDM-Ez 2111 (X-Z), HLDM-Ez 2112 (AA). Bones figures in (A, C, E, G, H, J, U) dorsal, (B, D, I, K, V) ventral, (F, T, Y) posterior, (L, N, P) labial, (M, O, Q) lingual, (S) anterior, (R, W, X, AA) lateral and (z) medial views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682227" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">7I, K</figureCitation>
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). However, they are incomplete for any further description.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
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Maxillae: The labial surface of the bone is covered by a dense network of moderately deep to deep pits-and-ridge sculpture. The distinct zygomatic process extends posterodorsally and has a rounded posterior tip (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vertebrae of Salamandra sp. (A-E. HLDM-Ez 2029; F. HLDM-Ez 2031) and (G-Z) cranial bones of Chelotriton sp. from the Echzell, including frontals (G, H. HLDM-Ez 2070; I-J. HLDM-Ez 2071; K, L. HLDM-Ez 2072), prefrontal (M, N. HLDM-Ez 2068), nasal (O, P. HLDM-Ez 2058), maxillae (Q-S. HLDM-Ez 2063; T-U. HLDM-Ez 2064), squamosals (X. HLDM-Ez 2067; V, W. HLDM-Ez 2066) and dentary (Y, Z. HLDM-Ez 2057). The bones are figures in dorsal (A, F, G, I, K, M, O, S, X, V) dorsal, (B) lateral, (C, H, J, L, N, P, W) ventral, (D) anterior, (E) posterior, (Q, Y) labial and (R, T, Z) lingual views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682225" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">5L</figureCitation>
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). The posterior process projects backwards. It is separated clearly from the zygomatic process by a deep concavity and projects much posteriorly. The orbital margin is concave. In lingual view, the pterygoid process projects posteromedially (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pelobates sanchizi from the Echzell locality. Frontoparietals HLDM-Ez 2109 (A, B), HLDM-Ez 2107 (C, D), HLDM-Ez 2108 (E-G). Squamosals HLDM-Ez 2105 (H, I), HLDM-Ez 2106 (J, K). Maxillae HLDM-Ez 2077 (L, M), HLDM-Ez 2097 (N, O). Premaxilla HLDM-Ez 2098 (P, Q). Vertebrae HLDM-Ez 2101 (S-V), HLDM-EZ 2099 (r). Ilia HLDM-Ez 2113 (W), HLDM-Ez 2111 (X-Z), HLDM-Ez 2112 (AA). Bones figures in (A, C, E, G, H, J, U) dorsal, (B, D, I, K, V) ventral, (F, T, Y) posterior, (L, N, P) labial, (M, O, Q) lingual, (S) anterior, (R, W, X, AA) lateral and (z) medial views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682227" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">7M, O</figureCitation>
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). Anteriorly, it is connected with the dorsally oriented lamella above the horizontal lamina.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
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Premaxilla: In anterior view, the pars dentalis is low but broad. Its surface is covered by rugose structures (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pelobates sanchizi from the Echzell locality. Frontoparietals HLDM-Ez 2109 (A, B), HLDM-Ez 2107 (C, D), HLDM-Ez 2108 (E-G). Squamosals HLDM-Ez 2105 (H, I), HLDM-Ez 2106 (J, K). Maxillae HLDM-Ez 2077 (L, M), HLDM-Ez 2097 (N, O). Premaxilla HLDM-Ez 2098 (P, Q). Vertebrae HLDM-Ez 2101 (S-V), HLDM-EZ 2099 (r). Ilia HLDM-Ez 2113 (W), HLDM-Ez 2111 (X-Z), HLDM-Ez 2112 (AA). Bones figures in (A, C, E, G, H, J, U) dorsal, (B, D, I, K, V) ventral, (F, T, Y) posterior, (L, N, P) labial, (M, O, Q) lingual, (S) anterior, (R, W, X, AA) lateral and (z) medial views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682227" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">7P</figureCitation>
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), which recalls the pit-and-ridge sculpture of, e.g., frontoparietal and maxilla. The pars facialis is broken, but its preserved base suggests a L-shaped form. Medially from this process, another shorter and posteromedially oriented process is present. The lateral crest (sensu
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/pala/271/2004/151" author="Venczel, M" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontographica Abteilung A" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="151 - 174" refId="B136" refString="Venczel, M, 2004. Middle Miocene anurans from the Carpathian Basin. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 271: 151 - 174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/pala/271/2004/151" title="Middle Miocene anurans from the Carpathian Basin." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/pala/271/2004/151" volume="271" year="2004">Venczel 2004</bibRefCitation>
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) is moderately developed. The dental crest possesses 15 tooth pedicles (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pelobates sanchizi from the Echzell locality. Frontoparietals HLDM-Ez 2109 (A, B), HLDM-Ez 2107 (C, D), HLDM-Ez 2108 (E-G). Squamosals HLDM-Ez 2105 (H, I), HLDM-Ez 2106 (J, K). Maxillae HLDM-Ez 2077 (L, M), HLDM-Ez 2097 (N, O). Premaxilla HLDM-Ez 2098 (P, Q). Vertebrae HLDM-Ez 2101 (S-V), HLDM-EZ 2099 (r). Ilia HLDM-Ez 2113 (W), HLDM-Ez 2111 (X-Z), HLDM-Ez 2112 (AA). Bones figures in (A, C, E, G, H, J, U) dorsal, (B, D, I, K, V) ventral, (F, T, Y) posterior, (L, N, P) labial, (M, O, Q) lingual, (S) anterior, (R, W, X, AA) lateral and (z) medial views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682227" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">7Q</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
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Vertebrae: three presacral and two sacral vertebrae are present. The vertebra centrum is procoelous (four vertebrae, HLMD-Ez 2098, 2100-2102) or amphicoelous (one vertebra, HLMD-Ez 2099, Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pelobates sanchizi from the Echzell locality. Frontoparietals HLDM-Ez 2109 (A, B), HLDM-Ez 2107 (C, D), HLDM-Ez 2108 (E-G). Squamosals HLDM-Ez 2105 (H, I), HLDM-Ez 2106 (J, K). Maxillae HLDM-Ez 2077 (L, M), HLDM-Ez 2097 (N, O). Premaxilla HLDM-Ez 2098 (P, Q). Vertebrae HLDM-Ez 2101 (S-V), HLDM-EZ 2099 (r). Ilia HLDM-Ez 2113 (W), HLDM-Ez 2111 (X-Z), HLDM-Ez 2112 (AA). Bones figures in (A, C, E, G, H, J, U) dorsal, (B, D, I, K, V) ventral, (F, T, Y) posterior, (L, N, P) labial, (M, O, Q) lingual, (S) anterior, (R, W, X, AA) lateral and (z) medial views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682227" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">7R</figureCitation>
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). The HLMD-Ez 2099 represents a small-sized individual that, most probably, does not have fully ossified joints. In presacral vertebrae, the neural arch is high; and the neural canal is large. The foramina for the spinal nerve are present slightly above the posterior bases of the neural arch. In presacral vertebrae, they are visible in lateral view, whereas in sacral ones - in posterior views (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pelobates sanchizi from the Echzell locality. Frontoparietals HLDM-Ez 2109 (A, B), HLDM-Ez 2107 (C, D), HLDM-Ez 2108 (E-G). Squamosals HLDM-Ez 2105 (H, I), HLDM-Ez 2106 (J, K). Maxillae HLDM-Ez 2077 (L, M), HLDM-Ez 2097 (N, O). Premaxilla HLDM-Ez 2098 (P, Q). Vertebrae HLDM-Ez 2101 (S-V), HLDM-EZ 2099 (r). Ilia HLDM-Ez 2113 (W), HLDM-Ez 2111 (X-Z), HLDM-Ez 2112 (AA). Bones figures in (A, C, E, G, H, J, U) dorsal, (B, D, I, K, V) ventral, (F, T, Y) posterior, (L, N, P) labial, (M, O, Q) lingual, (S) anterior, (R, W, X, AA) lateral and (z) medial views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682227" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">7T</figureCitation>
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). The sacral vertebrae have a broad and flattened transverse process.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
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Ilium: Though all ilia are very fragmentarily preserved, the following characters can be observed on the material: the acetabular region triangular; the acetabulum itself has round outline; the dorsal prominence low and covered by rare irregular structures; the dorsal protuberance absent; the moderately deep spiral groove extends from ventrolateral to dorsomedial direction in the region of the fusion of iliac shaft and acetabulum (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pelobates sanchizi from the Echzell locality. Frontoparietals HLDM-Ez 2109 (A, B), HLDM-Ez 2107 (C, D), HLDM-Ez 2108 (E-G). Squamosals HLDM-Ez 2105 (H, I), HLDM-Ez 2106 (J, K). Maxillae HLDM-Ez 2077 (L, M), HLDM-Ez 2097 (N, O). Premaxilla HLDM-Ez 2098 (P, Q). Vertebrae HLDM-Ez 2101 (S-V), HLDM-EZ 2099 (r). Ilia HLDM-Ez 2113 (W), HLDM-Ez 2111 (X-Z), HLDM-Ez 2112 (AA). Bones figures in (A, C, E, G, H, J, U) dorsal, (B, D, I, K, V) ventral, (F, T, Y) posterior, (L, N, P) labial, (M, O, Q) lingual, (S) anterior, (R, W, X, AA) lateral and (z) medial views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682227" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">7W</figureCitation>
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-AA); in medial view, the ilioischiatic juncture is covered by elongated striae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pelobates sanchizi from the Echzell locality. Frontoparietals HLDM-Ez 2109 (A, B), HLDM-Ez 2107 (C, D), HLDM-Ez 2108 (E-G). Squamosals HLDM-Ez 2105 (H, I), HLDM-Ez 2106 (J, K). Maxillae HLDM-Ez 2077 (L, M), HLDM-Ez 2097 (N, O). Premaxilla HLDM-Ez 2098 (P, Q). Vertebrae HLDM-Ez 2101 (S-V), HLDM-EZ 2099 (r). Ilia HLDM-Ez 2113 (W), HLDM-Ez 2111 (X-Z), HLDM-Ez 2112 (AA). Bones figures in (A, C, E, G, H, J, U) dorsal, (B, D, I, K, V) ventral, (F, T, Y) posterior, (L, N, P) labial, (M, O, Q) lingual, (S) anterior, (R, W, X, AA) lateral and (z) medial views. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.25.83781.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/682227" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">7Z</figureCitation>
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); the dorsal acetabular expansion larger than the ventral one.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="99" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
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The described remains can be assigned to the genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" class="Amphibia" family="Pelobatidae" genus="Pelobates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelobates" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Pelobates</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on the following combination of characters: 1) azygous frontoparietals articulating with the squamosals; 2) well-pronounced pit-and-ridge style sculpture with pustular structures on frontoparietal, squamosal and maxillae; 3) the presence of the spinal nerve foramina in vertebrae; 4) the presence of the moderately deep spiral groove on ilium, etc. (e.g.,
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/pala/271/2004/151" author="Venczel, M" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontographica Abteilung A" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="151 - 174" refId="B136" refString="Venczel, M, 2004. Middle Miocene anurans from the Carpathian Basin. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 271: 151 - 174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/pala/271/2004/151" title="Middle Miocene anurans from the Carpathian Basin." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/pala/271/2004/151" volume="271" year="2004">Venczel 2004</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-014-0169-5" author="Rocek, Z" journalOrPublisher="Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="529 - 567" refId="B108" refString="Rocek, Z, Wuttke, M, Gardner, J, Singh Bhullar, BA, 2014. The Euro-American genus Eopelobates, and a re-definition of the family Pelobatidae (Amphibia, Anura). Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 94: 529 - 567, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-014-0169-5" title="The Euro-American genus Eopelobates, and a re-definition of the family Pelobatidae (Amphibia, Anura)." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-014-0169-5" volume="94" year="2014">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Roček">Rocek</normalizedToken>
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et al. 2014
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</bibRefCitation>
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). The fossil material of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" class="Amphibia" family="Pelobatidae" genus="Pelobates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelobates" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Pelobates</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be allocated to the species
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<taxonomicName family="Carphodactylidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. sanchizi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="sanchizi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">P. sanchizi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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considering: 1) the presence of moderately broad tectum supraorbitale; 2) the occipital arterial foramen not visible in dorsal view; 3) the arteria orbitonasalis opening ventrally on the supraorbital tectum; 4) delimited posterior and posterodorsal processes of squamosal (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/pala/271/2004/151" author="Venczel, M" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontographica Abteilung A" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="151 - 174" refId="B136" refString="Venczel, M, 2004. Middle Miocene anurans from the Carpathian Basin. Palaeontographica Abteilung A 271: 151 - 174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/pala/271/2004/151" title="Middle Miocene anurans from the Carpathian Basin." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/pala/271/2004/151" volume="271" year="2004">Venczel 2004</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
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Comparison of our material with other fossil species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" class="Amphibia" family="Pelobatidae" genus="Pelobates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelobates" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Pelobates</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.1982.10011913" author="Boehme, W" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="1 - 7" refId="B11" refString="Boehme, W, Rocek, Z, Spinar, ZV, 1982. On Pelobates decheni Troschel, 1961, and Zaphrissa eurypelis Cope, 1866 (Amphibia: Pelobatidae) from the early Miocene of Rott near Bonn West Germany. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 2: 1 - 7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.1982.10011913" title="On Pelobates decheni Troschel, 1961, and Zaphrissa eurypelis Cope, 1866 (Amphibia: Pelobatidae) from the early Miocene of Rott near Bonn West Germany." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.1982.10011913" volume="2" year="1982">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Böhme">Boehme</normalizedToken>
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et al. 1982
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Khozatskiy, LI" editor="Negadaev-Nikonov, KN" journalOrPublisher="Shtiintsa, Kishinev" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="59 - 72" refId="B72" refString="Khozatskiy, LI, 1985. A new species of Pelobates from the Pliocene of Moldova. In: Negadaev-Nikonov, KN, Ed., Fauna and flora of Late Cenozoic of Moldova. Shtiintsa, Kishinev: 59 - 72" title="A new species of Pelobates from the Pliocene of Moldova." volumeTitle="Fauna and flora of Late Cenozoic of Moldova." year="1985">Khozatskiy 1985</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-010-0050-4" author="Boehme, M" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontologische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="3 - 41" refId="B7" refString="Boehme, M, 2010. Ectothermic vertebrates (Actinopterygii, Allocaudata, Urodela, Anura, Crocodylia, Squamata) from the Miocene of Sandelzhausen (Germany, Bavaria) and their implications for environment reconstruction and palaeoclimate. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 84: 3 - 41, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-010-0050-4" title="Ectothermic vertebrates (Actinopterygii, Allocaudata, Urodela, Anura, Crocodylia, Squamata) from the Miocene of Sandelzhausen (Germany, Bavaria) and their implications for environment reconstruction and palaeoclimate." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-010-0050-4" volume="84" year="2010">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Böhme">Boehme</normalizedToken>
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2010
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-014-0169-5" author="Rocek, Z" journalOrPublisher="Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="529 - 567" refId="B108" refString="Rocek, Z, Wuttke, M, Gardner, J, Singh Bhullar, BA, 2014. The Euro-American genus Eopelobates, and a re-definition of the family Pelobatidae (Amphibia, Anura). Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 94: 529 - 567, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-014-0169-5" title="The Euro-American genus Eopelobates, and a re-definition of the family Pelobatidae (Amphibia, Anura)." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-014-0169-5" volume="94" year="2014">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Roček">Rocek</normalizedToken>
|
|
et al. 2014
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|
</bibRefCitation>
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) allowed to suggest further diagnostic features for
|
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<taxonomicName family="Carphodactylidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. sanchizi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="sanchizi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">P. sanchizi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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such as: 1) the lateral superior process of the frontoparietal is longer than broad; 2) articulation surface on frontoparieals with squamosal well-developed, concave and oriented fully laterally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="99">
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The single premaxilla from Echzell shows a remarkable feature: ornamented on the anterior surface of the bone, recalling the pit-and-ridge sculpture of, e.g., frontoparietal and squamosal. Comparable ornamentation has not been ever described for the genus
|
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" class="Amphibia" family="Pelobatidae" genus="Pelobates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelobates" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Pelobates</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
and in
|
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<taxonomicName family="Carphodactylidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. sanchizi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="sanchizi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">P. sanchizi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from other Miocene localities. Only for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Rocek, Wuttke, Gardner & Singh Bhullar" authorityYear="2014" class="Amphibia" family="Pelobatidae" genus="Eopelobates" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eopelobates deani" order="Caudata" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="deani">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="99">Eopelobates deani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
(
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-014-0169-5" author="Rocek, Z" journalOrPublisher="Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments" pageId="0" pageNumber="99" pagination="529 - 567" refId="B108" refString="Rocek, Z, Wuttke, M, Gardner, J, Singh Bhullar, BA, 2014. The Euro-American genus Eopelobates, and a re-definition of the family Pelobatidae (Amphibia, Anura). Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 94: 529 - 567, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-014-0169-5" title="The Euro-American genus Eopelobates, and a re-definition of the family Pelobatidae (Amphibia, Anura)." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-014-0169-5" volume="94" year="2014">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Roček">Rocek</normalizedToken>
|
|
et al. 2014
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
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), a moderated rugose outer surface has been mentioned.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |