treatments-xml/data/07/76/52/077652A98A0D57B5885BA14D0C29B79E.xml

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<mods:title id="397844B559AC56B27AB3FAE39F69C99D">Understanding the evolution of phenotypical characters in the Micarea prasina group (Pilocarpaceae) and descriptions of six new species within the group</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B0FDD38D68B52033FFB0A85CC8EF7A17">Serusiaux, Emmanuel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B606DE1899F0D7659492EF91BB963675">van den Boom, Pieter P. G.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="077652A98A0D57B5885BA14D0C29B79E" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159293036" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:077652A98A0D57B5885BA14D0C29B79E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/077652A98A0D57B5885BA14D0C29B79E" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Pilocarpaceae">
<subSubSection id="30DB77BE2388584A22D63038D47635C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3383992A68F79563CED2A46F0DC29702" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="FA55B2F4688E2A10ED29D778A0435FCA" ID-CoL="42LR9" LSID="077652a9-8a0d-57b5-885b-a14d0c29b79e" authority="Brand, van den Boom, Guzow-Krzeminska, Serus. &amp; Kukwa" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Pilocarpaceae" genus="Micarea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Micarea isidioprasina" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="isidioprasina">
Micarea isidioprasina Brand, van den Boom, 
<normalizedToken id="23439B16EB1CB10789C7CA2F62D296F1" originalValue="Guzow-Krzemińska">Guzow-Krzeminska</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken id="605E96C63A33C3838401F0B384F6503F" originalValue="Sérus">Serus</normalizedToken>
. &amp; Kukwa
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="770F6A4ACC001B7AAFBC83ECE7C14E81" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="5B4E279E6CD08D078FC5D5F1A3FED8EC" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Morphology of newly described Micarea species A M. aeruginoprasina (holotype) B M. azorica (holotype) C M. isidioprasina (holotype) D M. microsorediata (holotype) E M. nigra (holotype) F M. pauli (holotype). Scale bars: 200 µm (A−C, E); 300 µm (D, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.57.33267.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/321987" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2F91958AF53AFF881E1A93937F6D381D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B7DF3A26800AFBBBA7785346A6C8356B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="490E4151CE2F3F8FAE20D00535F501C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Species characterised by granular-isidiate thallus, pale grey to grey-beige apothecia, 0-1-septate, ovoid, ellipsoidal or oblong ascospores measuring 7-13 
<normalizedToken id="464431432C9BFB3A160099927C3E6539" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3.5-4.5 
<normalizedToken id="024D9A70D12DF8D3F4290DA2CFF56337" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
and the presence of micareic acid.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7CC2DE7ABED3EC2E3BAB933FD062FDDD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="96D580D9917E28C5B2FCC3D7AC896553" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
POLAND. 
<normalizedToken id="746B3AED8E8086C999780FACE1D72E49" originalValue="Równina">Rownina</normalizedToken>
Bielska, 
<normalizedToken id="694DCABC3615966231F25F48596512BF" originalValue="Białowieża">Bialowieza</normalizedToken>
Primeval Forest, 
<normalizedToken id="83284771A6D29D0CEF9CB2738A6D119A" originalValue="Białowieża">Bialowieza</normalizedToken>
National Park, forest section no 256, 
<taxonomicName id="8DA4DC80E135EBF8E944A546677CEB8E" genus="Pino-Quercetum" lsidName="Pino-Quercetum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C9E6099D2786AAAB9FF534ED8CC943D1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pino-Quercetum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, on wood of log, 21 Aug 2015, M. Kukwa 17367a, A. 
<normalizedToken id="74450C27546DD3A4E4ACF60395471184" originalValue="Łubek">Lubek</normalizedToken>
(holotype UGDA; isotype KTC, ITS GenBank accession number: MN095789, mtSSU GenBank accession number: MK562016, 
<emphasis id="B039FBA2A24D04E10A37BA979F0DB21B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mcm7</emphasis>
GenBank accession number: MN105897).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="1B4F16CB5F604A24E5D8D41F8D5E5AE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="643324DFF14436991DF23A2DD6A534C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2F6473FE10E1C5426A4ED0E5A0CB9526" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Thallus crustose, granular-isidiate, indeterminate, endosubstratal to rarely episubstratal in non-isidiate parts and then as a thin greenish film over the substrate or minutely areolate, isidiate; prothallus not seen; areoles up to 0.05 mm in diam., green, soon developing isidia; isidia abundantly branched and coralloid, crowded and forming an almost continuous layer locally over the substrate, but in younger parts of thalli separated, green to olive green (Sedifolia-grey, K+ violet), up to 250 
<normalizedToken id="033AEBFCC8E4E74FFCD4F9EFEB6F2C99" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
tall and 25 
<normalizedToken id="D76B1869AE71D075033A01FD691D44D3" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
wide, with a distinct and complete hyphal layer; apothecia rarely developed, white to beige, some patchily grey, up to 0.45 mm in diam., convex; excipulum poorly developed, as a narrow, hyaline zone, hyphae radiating, branched and anastomosing; hymenium up to 50 
<normalizedToken id="A6D194818B0EA0E36E451BD34CE6D01F" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
tall, hyaline; epihymenium and hypothecium hyaline; paraphyses of one type, 1-1.5 
<normalizedToken id="1B7375BB53991C80DB205EEF94CB113D" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
thick, sparse, mostly apically branched and anastomosed, hyaline throughout; asci cylindrical-clavate, 30-45 
<normalizedToken id="CF44AFD6E12B2EFD223A300FABBE0A42" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
12-15 
<normalizedToken id="C7636A0CF43C231CF8964FE222B4C4BC" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, 8-spored; ascospores, 0-1-septate, ovoid, ellipsoidal or oblong, 11-14 
<normalizedToken id="0BCB33B5FC9597CE71B0B6C68163141A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3.5-4.5 
<normalizedToken id="CBED123F14642A334EFC1AE4D4CD02EB" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
; pycnidia not seen; crystalline granules (studied in polarised light) present rather sparsely in hymenium (as strands between asci and paraphyses) and abundantly in isidia, soluble in K.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7EEE5FF089B40CA52C8BA156384CFA2D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Photobiont chlorococcoid, micareoid, cells globose to ellipsoidal, 4-7 
<normalizedToken id="4AAAA503FCC82630F85F520EC6F1D48D" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
in diam.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="512FF4C2FA0B5603505F6E686814A788" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chemistry">
<paragraph id="B0D7AE4554C3BBBB01A49F2ABF5B0AA8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chemistry.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F3355718D855FCD311B9F8A4E8D17C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Micareic acid detected by TLC. Sedifolia-grey pigment present in outermost parts of some isidia.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="01BB3CAC18948B832100186BA42D105F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="BBDF5BF4270D493A7259A02812C564AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat and distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DE1D0DF0C8BC49586C10C46C88D2A049" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The species grows on wood (decomposing logs) and acidic bark of trees in various forest communities in well preserved forest.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="735C6EE05C69235974CB8E8083BA93D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">To date, it is known from Belgium, Germany, France, Poland and Romania.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35859E7AF7B1440CF88AE2EDE6C12C29" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7266659DAF5C19EE330C5D90BF08A801" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="29D400F7E93E50A897F58B033D8A1D92" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The name of the new species refers to the presence of isidia and the chemistry of 
<taxonomicName id="CF93F3F7C5F55830904212F5828799EB" lsidName="M. prasina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="prasina">
<emphasis id="3E16118420962CB7D1B7A07A701F8091" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. prasina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5FAAF5BF73EC20480C14A25D28A7681E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="37CA31FA76AD717C93AD75DF5EA9AB2B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE0BA2B74A8BA5BA018FACBB92CF1EFE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Belgium. Herbeumont, forest by the Semois river, 265 m alt., 
<geoCoordinate id="8903586D39F4BE082721BBD82E071790" degrees="49" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="49.75">49°45'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="218CDFEE979DCB2624A2E7D4315FB62C" degrees="05" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="5.2166667">05°13'E</geoCoordinate>
, on 
<taxonomicName id="C2F237D7EFCB295DBEF64088ED3EE6D5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00B00F61755C023A422C4780BD96880D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tree in forest, 2013, E. 
<normalizedToken id="D2C11B10A5B1FFAD9BEFA4C4A8AB5630" originalValue="Sérusiaux">Serusiaux</normalizedToken>
3609 (LG). France. Vosges, 
<normalizedToken id="9378F0474F1F7DE017DF6F7E0A975D4E" originalValue="Dépt">Dept</normalizedToken>
. Haut-Rhin, Hohneck, Frankenthal nature preserve, 
<geoCoordinate id="BAB7D587E9B429238DF84774E0C73089" degrees="48" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="48.033333">48°02'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="5C884BA5EEE710DCEC1D332243ABA872" degrees="07" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="7.016667">07°01'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1100 m alt., on dead 
<taxonomicName id="2CF17399E826B15C612EFB919189797B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fagus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EC51A1DF972D4EC95EA285EE90CEB181" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fagus</emphasis>
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in forest, 2013, E. 
<normalizedToken id="0927B5A56E4CF09F3CC1E9ADCEA14749" originalValue="Sérusiaux">Serusiaux</normalizedToken>
LG DNA 3437 (LG). Germany. Niedersachsen, S of Goslar, Rammelsberg, 360 m alt., 
<geoCoordinate id="E2B842648A8F4031CA40160225FBB26B" degrees="51" direction="north" minutes="53.01" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.8835">51°53.01'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="AD2494FB7DE5B555AA3B5432138184ED" degrees="10" direction="east" minutes="25.23" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="10.4205">10°25.23'E</geoCoordinate>
, trail along 
<taxonomicName id="530EC64805B6BB611E93AF9D4639E596" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3A87949DAD3B5281CAB332A1EC0E6973" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Picea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forest and brooklet with 
<taxonomicName id="3A5907273B35C27A6071DDC9D73148F2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acer" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0F343A169C96C3F1414F0A8A37CF04C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Acer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4500738C81FE34304CF7C87418BDC095" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5DB40AFCE31880A55E00B62A10506079" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="C6516751304F5B34F16A38194E5F2657" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0D218CE66997D07973186ECF6622E30E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Betula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
trees, 12 May 2015, P. &amp; B. van den Boom 53248 (hb. v.d. Boom). Poland. Roztocze 
<normalizedToken id="4B68723B506D7ECDC1BAAD8AEC0F4CA7" originalValue="Środkowe">Środkowe</normalizedToken>
, 
<normalizedToken id="44A8E96CB470EFFA8B0D3A2BC66A31B4" originalValue="Roztoczański">Roztoczanski</normalizedToken>
National Park, S of Zwierzyniec village, Bukowa 
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nature reserve, 
<geoCoordinate id="968D611407B11E4043CD8370062CBC54" degrees="50" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="47" value="50.596386">50°35'47&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="4A8F28FF13804D4B479C572390712461" degrees="22" direction="east" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="22.963335">22°57'48&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 280 m alt., beech forest, on wood of log, 15 Sept 2015, M. Kukwa 17493 (UGDA); 
<normalizedToken id="B013C8C2A1CD1EFEC330DAC62ED4B5EA" originalValue="Równina">Rownina</normalizedToken>
Bielska, 
<normalizedToken id="2AD6E255CEE27A4FF7EA13A2A39628DA" originalValue="Białowieża">Bialowieza</normalizedToken>
Primeval Forest, 
<normalizedToken id="23BD4E295177F6E1504C56F4A09477B4" originalValue="Białowieża">Bialowieza</normalizedToken>
National Park, forest section no 256, 
<emphasis id="0EC6880737D26B7450BA19861418D91B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="71CDCA6DE2EDF4D54CAAFED06F317F6E" genus="Carici" lsidName="Carici elongatae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="elongatae">Carici elongatae</taxonomicName>
- 
<taxonomicName id="DC6930F5379638C61B0814DF646A927F" genus="Alnetum" lsidName="Alnetum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">Alnetum</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, on wood of logs, bark 
<taxonomicName id="1BB9620294117C54CD4F84689B7D14B0" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea abies" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="abies">
<emphasis id="B3BBC11F24BB0F5DEEBA0D00233430F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Picea abies</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="49E2E407207412FF25ACEBE5DF344262" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus glutinosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
<emphasis id="530CF45ACE443F030C1B3499144409FD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alnus glutinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Aug 2014, M. Kukwa 14030, 14038, 14107, 14112, A. 
<normalizedToken id="4CD35AA344CD56815A68345474B9D205" originalValue="Łubek">Lubek</normalizedToken>
(KTC, UGDA); ibidem, 
<taxonomicName id="46352C984549B62D83EABC0BD83D61D1" genus="Circaeo" lsidName="Circaeo" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C2B8A0C5A394D3547CC6B30EB93F041E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Circaeo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- 
<taxonomicName id="270F2D332C6FE7F28F5A6F8CABB8B404" genus="Alnetum" lsidName="Alnetum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2958D565025DE90339184A7AF654F659" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Alnetum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, on wood of log, Aug 2014, M. Kukwa 13299, A. 
<normalizedToken id="14D3B8E022568D9293D80FFE1CF5792B" originalValue="Łubek">Lubek</normalizedToken>
(KTC, UGDA); ibidem, 
<taxonomicName id="EBE095DE2A6C4D8A1FF25ACA324E3F88" genus="Tilio" lsidName="Tilio" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EDA06CA0D5DCB8EF93C2494E43A50448" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tilio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- 
<taxonomicName id="FB164ED1CF6E2B8A60E0142D6B37EDDF" genus="Carpinetum" lsidName="Carpinetum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F0556A5C00112C9410DB49B700E23EA8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Carpinetum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, on wood of log, Aug &amp; Oct 2014, M. Kukwa 13418, 14358, A. 
<normalizedToken id="D193F733201948B0A2B3A4B1D73B306E" originalValue="Łubek">Lubek</normalizedToken>
(KTC, UGDA); ibidem, 
<taxonomicName id="428981B54CBBC7B158528630EA5337E8" genus="Circaeo-Alnetum" lsidName="Circaeo-Alnetum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="83C521279F62115ED8705C37EC6FC03F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Circaeo-Alnetum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, on wood of snag, Oct 2014, M. Kukwa 14243, A. 
<normalizedToken id="95ADE28D2A98637ADE30E4E1BD8F1EB9" originalValue="Łubek">Lubek</normalizedToken>
(KTC, UGDA). Romania. W of Brasov, S of Zarnesti, Praia Craiului National Park, 1350 m alt., 
<geoCoordinate id="53E531D1E15D43E91EF4E0C68C9D386D" degrees="45" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="45.516666">45°31'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="7BEADE5F4F0EA48A615005BD9A3C4B3A" degrees="25" direction="east" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="25.266666">25°16'E</geoCoordinate>
, on 
<taxonomicName id="40368C6AFBC6EF9A7BB2A1B669401B17" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fagus" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="784602D77B5386E8569F5C66CD90EF12" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
inside forest, 2016, E. 
<normalizedToken id="0A724FC96334E17AA023DC56720BD2F9" originalValue="Sérusiaux">Serusiaux</normalizedToken>
LG DNA 6260 &amp; 6265 (LG).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="96F59898B47609CAF19F53475CBBD19B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph id="4E3A015FAB028EBC0A901321EE765926" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A96CC55CB7E980622DA801F6D3BAEB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="E8E4FDC59377BFC4561C7AA81BCEC99C" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Pilocarpaceae" genus="Micarea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Micarea isidioprasina" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="isidioprasina">
<emphasis id="E8F12C27FF0F02AD3F20D5BD36B004D6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Micarea isidioprasina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an isidiate species of the 
<taxonomicName id="C1F45FB9A4DDA68F8D988FA114D142B4" lsidName="M. prasina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="prasina">
<emphasis id="B5EEB7F618C0332A187E5BA0ED369005" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. prasina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group containing micareic acid as the main secondary metabolite. It is usually sterile and in Poland often grows in similar habitats with 
<taxonomicName id="13C04E3268C2183DCFC7C27E2BD43D96" lsidName="M. pauli" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pauli">
<emphasis id="75681DB1AD35530BE1CCA053311DDEB2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. pauli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a species described in this paper, from which it can be separated with certainty by analyses of secondary metabolites, as the latter contains methoxymicareic acid.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4748F90A938777BF4AA3EA9ACA6C19D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="4CA8877455331EA331425086A680A0D3" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Pilocarpaceae" genus="Micarea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Micarea aeruginoprasina" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="aeruginoprasina">
<emphasis id="E3964EBA15B1CF0E95D3D05F3DA31AAC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Micarea aeruginoprasina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="5E6B4D911D870B917C87CE7ABE2B760D" lsidName="M. nigra" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="14B350E3C6EE5DAE6CA2BF73D607DA57" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also develop similar isidiate thalli, but 
<taxonomicName id="AED063D70CE53B8DBECBAEC3F474827F" lsidName="M. aeruginoprasina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aeruginoprasina">
<emphasis id="7284628AEAACE77C070EDB3F26049D2D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. aeruginoprasina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has pale cream to pale brown or aeruginose apothecia (often mottled with all colours in the same apothecium) and 
<taxonomicName id="C36BB0FBE5BCAF68058AABC4BCB770DF" lsidName="M. nigra" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="FAE8A418F05618C0902CF0D83A1C643A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
develops dark greyish to black apothecia. When sterile, all three species may be more difficult to separate, especially 
<taxonomicName id="6B11A98A1F82D12FF74996C4C39966A6" lsidName="M. aeruginoprasina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aeruginoprasina">
<emphasis id="686B7CBF36CA5EF43D88CB26708A1143" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. aeruginoprasina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which also produces micareic acid (
<taxonomicName id="9816542F24F17C70B5D4A42CB54CD455" lsidName="M. nigra" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="FC8C0EBA3A9A60FF2167EF222F88A6FF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
contains methoxymicareic acid), but that species has pale brown isidia. Additionally, the so far known distributions of all three species do not overlap and 
<taxonomicName id="7A8E8DEBD24546740080F7C543D085B3" lsidName="M. aeruginoprasina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aeruginoprasina">
<emphasis id="89FAEB90044DB7753D069819DB8DC95F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. aeruginoprasina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="DA8E8E5C33820685966B70FE6D2EF20E" lsidName="M. nigra" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="BED40852D69EE4DBD2DAF3E90D897DC8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known from the Azores and continental Portugal, respectively.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AEE7F1DB1CBB8DE2F8D09F43092B2B56" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Micareic acid is also the main secondary metabolite in the somewhat morphologically similar 
<taxonomicName id="849B5BBBCAD7BF5AECF3188DDDF9C97B" lsidName="M. prasina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="prasina">
<emphasis id="B26AABFA82AC9E2BD8BAB72601BFCC79" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. prasina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the latter is not isidiate, often richly fertile and its thallus consists of goniocysts (
<bibRefCitation id="08F96056660F016AACDB85AD6A66D40F" author="Czarnota, P." journalOrPublisher="Polish Botanical Studies" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 199" refId="B15" refString="Czarnota, P., 2007. The lichen genus Micarea (Lecanorales, Ascomycota) in Poland. . Polish Botanical Studies 23: 1 - 199" title="The lichen genus Micarea (Lecanorales, Ascomycota) in Poland." volume="23" year="2007">Czarnota 2007</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="F6946A6813AFE7126DFBF67220B821B1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282918000555" author="Launis, A" journalOrPublisher="Lichenologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="7 - 25" refId="B36" refString="Launis, A, Pykaelae, J, van den Boom, P, Serusiaux, E, Myllys, L, 2019a. Four new epiphytic species in the Micareaprasina group from Europe. . Lichenologist 51: 7 - 25" title="Four new epiphytic species in the Micareaprasina group from Europe." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0024282918000555" volume="51" year="2019 a">Launis et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="3776E59E8DAAE7AB4296FCDEC9F851FA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2019.1603044" author="Launis, A" journalOrPublisher="Lichenologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B37" refString="Launis, A, Malicek, J, Serusiaux, E, Svensson, M, Tsurykau, A, Myllys, L, 2019b. . https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2019.1603044" url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2019.1603044" year="2019 b">b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>