369 lines
69 KiB
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369 lines
69 KiB
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<document id="72FFE86505ABB75525CA85E27AE774C0" ID-CLB-Dataset="153629" ID-DOI="10.18590/euscorpius.2016.vol2016.iss220.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="03196918-10d5-44d2-ab42-d38f88314c7b" ID-ISSN="1536-9307" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7124466" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1638249082081" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Ranawana, Kithsiri B., Hoferek, David & Š, V. A." docDate="2016" docId="B07187DFA805FF85FE8EFBDC9C79F981" docLanguage="en" docName="Euscorpius.220.1-133.pdf" docOrigin="Euscorpius 220" docSource="https://doi.org/10.18590/euscorpius.2016.vol2016.iss220.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:05AD4CDCECA6C90C60787CEF3EC4672A.3:Euscorpius.2002-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="05AD4CDCECA6C90C60787CEF3EC4672A" docStyleName="Euscorpius.2002-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Charmus Karsch 1879" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="4C48FFA7A817FF90FFC0FFD79E62FFBD" masterDocTitle="Scorpions of Sri Lanka (Scorpiones Buthidae, Chaerilidae, Scorpionidae) with description of four new species of the genera Charmus Karsch, 1879 and Reddyanus Vachon, 1972, stat n" masterLastPageNumber="133" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1699471154095" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="6052EC8F867C9DB2F78FA2434E447629">Scorpions of Sri Lanka (Scorpiones Buthidae, Chaerilidae, Scorpionidae) with description of four new species of the genera Charmus Karsch, 1879 and Reddyanus Vachon, 1972, stat n</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DFC979C7E1DA2A702215871EC7FF88E7">Kovařík, František</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1889E63B0700073E3457533EF73646F8">Lowe, Graeme</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ED9FCE917C1C6D6CBE4260503BF32E4F">Ranawana, Kithsiri B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2BAAC577E12340C013B73F6078CE87D1">Hoferek, David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7EE1DE7AEAA186E860B2D74CA8E4AB5C">Š, V. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9212ADE22D8BDBE17669484656C910D7">Euscorpius</mods:title>
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<treatment id="B07187DFA805FF85FE8EFBDC9C79F981" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124480" ID-GBIF-Taxon="201134901" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7124480" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B07187DFA805FF85FE8EFBDC9C79F981" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B07187DFA805FF85FE8EFBDC9C79F981" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection id="70C26542A805FF82FE8EFBDC9CF1FB9F" box="[334,659,1034,1058]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="386736C9A805FF82FE8EFBDC9CF1FB9F" blockId="18.[197,796,1034,1119]" box="[334,659,1034,1058]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="632F81A5A805FF82FE8EFBDC9CF1FB9F" box="[334,659,1034,1058]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA805FF82FE59FBDD9CF1FB9F" ID-CoL="3MBB" authority="Karsch, 1879" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1879" box="[409,659,1034,1058]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Charmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FE59FBDD9F9DFB9F" bold="true" box="[409,511,1034,1058]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Charmus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FDC6FBDC9CF1FB9F" author="Karsch" box="[518,659,1035,1058]" firstAuthor="Karsch" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="97 - 136" refId="ref41417" refString="KARSCH, F. 1879. Skorpionologische Beitrage I. and II. Mitteilungen des Munchener Entomologischen Vereins, 3: 6 - 22, 97 - 136." type="journal article" year="1879">Karsch, 1879</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="386736C9A805FF82FF05FBFD9F9EFBE2" blockId="18.[197,796,1034,1119]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
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(
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<figureCitation id="A0E32A4CA805FF82FF0EFBFD9F46FBFC" box="[206,292,1066,1089]" captionStart="Figures 12–15" captionStartId="6.[192,278,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[191,1440,167,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-11@6.[192,1439,168,1855]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 12–15: Maps showing the known geographical distribution of the Sri Lankan species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124476/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A0E32A4CA805FF82FEF1FBFD9F16FBFC" box="[305,372,1066,1089]" captionStart="Figures 39–46" captionStartId="13.[192,278,946,970]" captionTargetBox="[196,1427,173,927]" captionTargetId="figure-6@13.[192,1439,168,933]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figures 39–46: Chela of pedipalps (39–45) and movable finger of chela (46). Figures 39–40. Buthoscorpio sarasinorum, male from locality 15CF (39) and female from locality 15CG (40). Figures 41–43. Charmus laneus, male (41) and female (42) from locality 15CO, and female holotype (43). Figure 44. Charmus saradieli, sp. n., female holotype. Figures 45–46. Hottentotta tamulus, male from locality 15CK." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124493/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">41–43</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A0E32A4CA805FF82FE41FBFD9FB6FBFC" box="[385,468,1066,1089]" captionStart-0="Figures 47–53" captionStart-1="Figures 54–59" captionStart-10="Figures 88–91" captionStart-11="Figures 92–100" captionStart-12="Figures 101–106" captionStart-13="Figures 107–119" captionStart-2="Figures 60–63" captionStart-3="Figures 64–65" captionStart-4="Figures 66–67" captionStart-5="Figures 68–70" captionStart-6="Figures 71–73" captionStart-7="Figures 74–79" captionStart-8="Figures 80–84" captionStart-9="Figures 85–87" captionStartId-0="14.[192,278,1770,1794]" captionStartId-1="15.[192,278,1589,1613]" captionStartId-10="24.[192,278,1804,1828]" captionStartId-11="25.[192,278,1693,1717]" captionStartId-12="26.[192,278,1325,1349]" captionStartId-13="27.[192,278,1733,1757]" captionStartId-2="16.[192,278,1844,1868]" captionStartId-3="17.[192,278,1310,1334]" captionStartId-4="18.[192,278,909,933]" captionStartId-5="19.[192,278,1708,1732]" captionStartId-6="20.[192,278,1872,1896]" captionStartId-7="21.[192,278,1257,1281]" captionStartId-8="22.[192,278,1533,1557]" captionStartId-9="23.[192,278,1859,1883]" captionTargetBox-0="[207,1426,157,1733]" captionTargetBox-1="[203,1426,153,1559]" captionTargetBox-10="[200,1418,242,1791]" captionTargetBox-11="[191,1440,167,1664]" captionTargetBox-12="[190,1412,176,1289]" captionTargetBox-13="[211,1428,190,1691]" captionTargetBox-2="[213,1417,167,1815]" captionTargetBox-3="[191,1440,215,1282]" captionTargetBox-4="[204,1433,173,864]" captionTargetBox-5="[192,1439,168,1678]" captionTargetBox-6="[191,1440,167,1843]" captionTargetBox-7="[199,1428,176,1222]" captionTargetBox-8="[206,1423,177,1494]" captionTargetBox-9="[191,1440,167,1830]" captionTargetId-0="figure-11@14.[192,1439,144,1741]" captionTargetId-1="figure-40@15.[192,1439,144,1560]" captionTargetId-10="figure-11@24.[192,1439,223,1800]" captionTargetId-11="figure-217@25.[192,1439,168,1663]" captionTargetId-12="figure-11@26.[180,1427,175,1296]" captionTargetId-13="figure-6@27.[192,1439,181,1704]" captionTargetId-2="figure-70@16.[214,1416,168,1814]" captionTargetId-3="figure-631@17.[192,1439,216,1281]" captionTargetId-4="figure-11@18.[192,1439,168,880]" captionTargetId-5="figure-7@19.[192,1439,168,1678]" captionTargetId-6="figure-69@20.[192,1439,168,1842]" captionTargetId-7="figure-654@21.[192,1439,168,1228]" captionTargetId-8="figure-11@22.[192,1439,168,1504]" captionTargetId-9="figure-69@23.[192,1439,168,1829]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="15" captionTargetPageId-10="24" captionTargetPageId-11="25" captionTargetPageId-12="26" captionTargetPageId-13="27" captionTargetPageId-2="16" captionTargetPageId-3="17" captionTargetPageId-4="18" captionTargetPageId-5="19" captionTargetPageId-6="20" captionTargetPageId-7="21" captionTargetPageId-8="22" captionTargetPageId-9="23" captionText-0="Figures 47–53: Figure 47. Left hemispermatophore of Buthoscorpio sarasinorum from locality 15CF. Figures 48–53. Charmus laneus from locality 15CO. Figure 48. Left hemispermatophore. Figures 49–53. Capsule region and flagellum. External (49), dorsal (50), internal (51) and ventral (52) views of left hemispermatophore, and externo-dorsal (53) view of right hemispermatophore presented as mirror image for comparison. Scale bars: 1 mm for 47, 500 µm for 48, 250 µm for 49–52, and 200 µm for 53. Abbreviations: bl, basal lobe; f, flagellum; ml, median lobe; mlc, median lobe carina; pr, pars recta of flagellum; prf, pars reflecta of flagellum; t, trunk." captionText-1="Figures 54–59: Charmus laneus from locality 15CO. Figures 54–55. Male 14.7 mm long in dorsal (54) and ventral (55) views. Figures 56–57. Juvenile male 7.5 mm long in dorsal (56) and ventral (57) views. Figures 58–59. Female 20.1 mm long in dorsal (58) and ventral (59) views." captionText-10="Figures 88–91: Charmus saradieli sp. n. Figures 88–89. Male paratype (MHNG) in dorsal (88) and ventral (89) views, and original labels. Figures 90–91. Female holotype in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views, and original labels. Scale bar: 5 mm." captionText-11="Figures 92–100: Charmus. Figures 92–95, 99–100. Charmus saradieli sp. n., male paratype (MHNG), chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–IV (92), sternopectinal region and sternites III–IV (94), and telson lateral (99); female holotype, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (93), sternopectinal region and sternite III (95), and telson lateral (100). Figures 96–98. Charmus laneus, female holotype, chelicera and carapace (96), original label (97), and sternopectinal region and sternites III–IV (98)." captionText-12="Figures 101–106: Charmus saradieli sp. n. Figures 101–103. Male paratype (MHNG), metasoma and telson, lateral (101), ventral (102), and dorsal (103) views. Figures 104–106. Female holotype, metasoma and telson, lateral (104), ventral (105), and dorsal (106) views." captionText-13="Figures 107–119: Charmus. Figures 107–114. Charmus saradieli sp. n., female holotype. Pedipalp movable finger (107). Pedipalp chela, dorsal (108), external (109), and ventral (110) views. Pedipalp patella, dorsal (111) and external (112) views. Pedipalp femur and trochanter, internal (113) and dorsal (114) views. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 108a– 114a. Figures 115–117. Charmus saradieli sp. n., male paratype (MHNG), chelicerae (115), pedipalp dorsal (116), and fourth leg dorsal (117). Figures 118–119. Charmus laneus from locality 15CO. Pedipalp dorsal of male (118) and female (119)." captionText-2="Figures 60–63: Charmus laneus from locality 15CO. Figures 60, 62. Male, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (60) and sternopectinal region and sternites III–VII (62). Figures 61, 63. Female, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (61) and sternopectinal region and sternite III (63)." captionText-3="Figures 64–65: Charmus laneus from locality 15CO, showing granulation and color pattern of male. Chelicerae, carapace and tergites (64). Coxosternal region and sternites (65). Scale bar: 500 µm." captionText-4="Figures 66–67: Left chelicera of male Charmus laneus from locality 15CO. Figures 66–67. Dorsal (66) and ventral (67a) view (white light + UV), and ventroexternal (67b) aspect (UV) showing 2 denticles on ventral surface of fixed finger (d1, d2). Scale bar: 200 µm." captionText-5="Figures 68–70: Charmus laneus, male from locality 15CO. Metasoma V and telson under UV fluorescence, showing granulation, punctuation and setation in dorsal (68), lateral (69) and ventral (70) views. Scale bar: 500 µm." captionText-6="Figures 71–73: Metasoma and telson of Charmus laneus male from locality 15CO, showing granulation, punctuation, setation and color pattern in dorsal (71), lateral (72) and ventral (73) views. Scale bar: 1 mm." captionText-7="Figures 74–79: Charmus laneus from locality 15CO. Figures 74–76. Male, metasoma and telson, lateral (74), ventral (75), and dorsal (76) views. Figures 77–79. Female, metasoma and telson, lateral (77), ventral (78), and dorsal (79) views." captionText-8="Figures 80–84: Comparing Sri Lankan Charmus female metasomas. Figures 80–82. Female holotype of Charmus laneus, metasoma and telson, lateral (80), ventral (81), and dorsal (82) views. Figures 83. Female of Charmus laneus from locality 15CO, metasoma and telson dorsal. Figures 84. Female holotype of Charmus saradieli sp. n. (MHNG) metasoma and telson dorsal." captionText-9="Figures 85–87: Charmus. Figures 85–86. Male (85) and female (86) of Charmus laneus from locality 15CO. Figure 87. Male paratype of Charmus saradieli sp. n. (UPSL)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124495" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124497" figureDoi-10="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124535" figureDoi-11="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124537" figureDoi-12="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124541" figureDoi-13="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124543" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124499" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124503" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124507" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124511" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124513" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124521" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124523" figureDoi-9="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124529" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7124495/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7124497/files/figure.png" httpUri-10="https://zenodo.org/record/7124535/files/figure.png" httpUri-11="https://zenodo.org/record/7124537/files/figure.png" httpUri-12="https://zenodo.org/record/7124541/files/figure.png" httpUri-13="https://zenodo.org/record/7124543/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7124499/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7124503/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7124507/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/7124511/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/7124513/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/7124521/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/7124523/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/7124529/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">47–119</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="A0E32A4CA805FF82FE1FFBFD9C6BFBFC" box="[479,521,1066,1089]" captionStart="Figures 193–200" captionStartId="48.[192,278,1070,1094]" captionTargetBox="[213,1446,171,1037]" captionTargetId="figure-11@48.[205,1452,168,1041]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Figures 193–200: Distal segments of leg IV, retroventral view of Sri Lankan Buthidae and Chaerilidae genera. Buthoscorpio sarasinorum, male from locality 15CF (193), Charmus laneus, male from locality 15CO (194), Hottentotta tamulus, male from locality 15CK (195), Isometrus maculatus, female from locality 15CI (196), Isometrus thwaitesi, female from locality 15CO (197), Lychas srilankensis, male from locality 15CJ (198), Reddyanus basilicus, male from locality 15CS (199), and Chaerilus ceylonensis, male from locality 15CD (200)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124608" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124608/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">194</figureCitation>
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="A0E32A4CA805FF82FDD4FBFD9C16FBFC" box="[532,628,1066,1089]" captionStart="Figures 403–429" captionStartId="85.[192,278,744,768]" captionTargetId="figure-11@84.[172,1464,185,1878]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="Figures 403–429: Telson, lateral view of Sri Lankan Buthidae and Chaerilidae species. Figures 403–404. Isometrus maculatus, male from locality 15CP (403) and female from locality 15CI (404). Figures 405–406. I. thwaitesi, male from locality 15CH (405) and female from locality 15CO (406). Figures 407–408. Lychas srilankensis, male (407) and female (408) from locality 15CJ. Figures 409–410. Reddyanus basilicus, male (409) and female (410) from locality 15CR. Figures 411–412. R. besucheti, male holotype (411) and female from locality 15CG (412). Figures 413–414. R. ceylonensis sp. n., male holotype (413) and female paratype (414) from locality 15CI. Figures 415–416. R. jayarathnei sp. n., male (415) and female (416) paratypes. Figures 417–418. R. loebli, male (417) and female (418) from locality 15CG. Figures 419–420. R. ranawanai sp. n., male holotype (419) and female paratype (420). Figures 421–422: Buthoscorpio sarasinorum, male from locality 15CF (421) and female from locality 15CG (422). Figures 423–424. Charmus laneus, male (423) and female (424) from locality 15CO. Figures 425–426. Charmus saradieli sp. n. male paratype (425) (MHNG) and female holotype (426). Figurs 427. Hottentotta tamulus, male from locality 15CK (427). Figures 428–429. Chaerilus ceylonensis, male (428) and female (429) from locality 15CD." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124696/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">423–426</figureCitation>
|
||
, 548,
|
||
<tableCitation id="755A0372A805FF82FD74FBFD9F96FBE2" captionStart-0="Table 1" captionStart-1="Table 2" captionStartId-0="28.[192,257,853,877]" captionStartId-1="28.[192,257,1382,1406]" captionTargetPageId-0="28" captionTargetPageId-1="28" captionText-0="Table 1: Comparative measurements of adults of Charmus laneus and C. saradieli sp. n. Abbreviations: length (L), width (W, in carapace it corresponds to posterior width), depth (D)." captionText-1="Table 2: Comparison among Sri Lankan Charmus species (specimens), based upon selected morphometric ratios of adult females. Abbreviations: length (L), width (W), depth (D)." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/6CA76641A80BFF8CFF00FC829C80FC3B" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/6CA76641A80BFF8CFF00FAB19C88FA2B" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" tableUuid-0="6CA76641A80BFF8CFF00FC829C80FC3B" tableUuid-1="6CA76641A80BFF8CFF00FAB19C88FA2B">Tables 1– 2</tableCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="70C26542A805FF82FF00FB519C14FAE8" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="386736C9A805FF82FF00FB519C80FA8B" blockId="18.[192,802,1158,1457]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="18C811E7A805FF82FF00FB519C80FA8B" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B97910D8A805FF82FF00FB519C77FB20" author="KARSCH" box="[192,533,1158,1181]" page="104" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" year="1879">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA805FF82FF00FB519C77FB20" ID-CoL="3MBB" authority="Karsch, 1879: 104" authorityName="Karsch" authorityPageNumber="104" authorityYear="1879" box="[192,533,1158,1181]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Charmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FF00FB519F40FB20" box="[192,290,1158,1181]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Charmus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FEF5FB519C77FB20" author="Karsch" box="[309,533,1158,1181]" firstAuthor="Karsch" page="104" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="97 - 136" refId="ref41417" refString="KARSCH, F. 1879. Skorpionologische Beitrage I. and II. Mitteilungen des Munchener Entomologischen Vereins, 3: 6 - 22, 97 - 136." type="journal article" year="1879">Karsch, 1879: 104</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B97910D8A805FF82FDEDFB519D79FB20" author="KRAEPELIN" box="[557,795,1158,1181]" page="39" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" year="1899">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FDEDFB519D79FB20" author="Kraepelin" box="[557,795,1158,1181]" firstAuthor="Kraepelin" page="39" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" refId="ref42361" refString="KRAEPELIN, K. 1899. Scorpiones und Pedipalpi. In: F. DAHL (ed.), Das Tierreich. Herausgegeben von der Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft. Berlin: R. Friedlander und Sohn Verlag, 8. Lieferung. 265 pp." type="book" year="1899">Kraepelin, 1899: 39</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B97910D8A805FF82FF30FB739F94FB06" author="POCOCK, R. I." box="[240,502,1188,1211]" page="31" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" year="1900">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FF30FB739F94FB06" author="Pocock" bookContentInfo="279 pp" box="[240,502,1188,1211]" firstAuthor="Pocock" journalOrPublisher="London: W. T. Blandford" page="31 - 32" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" part="xii" refId="ref43790" refString="POCOCK, R. I. 1900. Arachnida. The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Published un- der the authority of the Secretary of State for India in Council. London: W. T. Blandford, xii, 279 pp" title="Arachnida. The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Published un- der the authority of the Secretary of State for India in Council" type="book" year="1900">Pocock, 1900: 31–32</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B97910D8A805FF82FDD5FB739D78FB06" author="KRAEPELIN" box="[533,794,1188,1211]" page="131" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" year="1913">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FDD5FB739D78FB06" author="Kraepelin" box="[533,794,1188,1211]" firstAuthor="Kraepelin" page="131" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="123 - 196" refId="ref42407" refString="KRAEPELIN, K. 1913. Neue Beitrage zur Systematik der Gliederspinnen. III. A. Bemerkungen zur Skorpionenfauna Indiens. B. Die Skorpione, Pedipalpen und Solifugen Deutsch - Ostafrikas. Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten, 30: 123 - 196." type="journal article" year="1913">Kraepelin, 1913: 131</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B97910D8A805FF82FF30FB149FD0FB67" author="VACHON, M." box="[240,434,1219,1242]" page="79" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" year="1982">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FF30FB149FD0FB67" author="Vachon" box="[240,434,1219,1242]" firstAuthor="Vachon" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" page="79" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="77 - 114" part="89" refId="ref45190" refString="VACHON, M. 1982. Les scorpions de Sri Lanka (Recherches sur les scorpions appartenant ou deposes au Museum d`Histoire naturelle de Geneve III.). Revue suisse de Zoologie, 89: 77 - 114." title="Les scorpions de Sri Lanka (Recherches sur les scorpions appartenant ou deposes au Museum d`Histoire naturelle de Geneve III.)" type="journal article" year="1982">Vachon, 1982: 79</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 81;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B97910D8A805FF82FE2BFB149F2CFB44" author="TIKADER B. K. & D. B. BASTAWADE" page="140" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" year="1983">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FE2BFB149F2CFB44" author="Tikader & Bastawade" bookContentInfo="668 pp." firstAuthor="Tikader" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta" page="140 - 152" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" refId="ref44789" refString="TIKADER B. K. & D. B. BASTAWADE. 1983. The Fauna of India: Scorpions. Scorpionida, Arachnida. Vol III. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta, 668 pp." title="The Fauna of India: Scorpions. Scorpionida, Arachnida. Vol III" type="book" year="1983">Tikader & Bastawade, 1983: 140–152</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs. 382–416;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B97910D8A805FF82FDF1FB359D78FB44" author="SISSOM, W. D." box="[561,794,1250,1273]" page="101" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" year="1990">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FDF1FB359D78FB44" author="Sissom" bookContentInfo="587 pp." box="[561,794,1250,1273]" editor="Polis, G. A." firstAuthor="Sissom" journalOrPublisher="Stanford: Stanford University Press" page="101" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="64 - 160" refId="ref44349" refString="SISSOM, W. D. 1990. Systematics, biogeography and paleontology. Pp. 64 - 160. In: Polis, G. A. (ed.), The Biology of Scorpions. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 587 pp." title="Systematics, biogeography and paleontology" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The Biology of Scorpions" year="1990">Sissom, 1990: 101</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B97910D8A805FF82FF30FAD79FA1FAAA" author="KOVARIK" box="[240,451,1280,1303]" page="120" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" year="1998">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FF30FAD79FA1FAAA" author="Kovarik" box="[240,451,1280,1303]" firstAuthor="Kovarik" page="120" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" refId="ref41687" refString="KOVARIK, F. 1998. Stiri [Scorpiones]. Publishing House " Madagaskar ", Jihlava (Czech Republic). 175 pp. (in Czech)." type="book" year="1998">Kovařík, 1998: 120</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B97910D8A805FF82FE12FAD79CD6FAAA" author="LOURENCO" box="[466,692,1280,1303]" page="295" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" year="2000">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FE12FAD79CD6FAAA" author="Lourenco" box="[466,692,1280,1303]" firstAuthor="Lourenco" page="295" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" refId="ref42634" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 2000. Taxonomic considerations about the genus Charmus Karsch, 1879 with description of a new species to India (Scorpiones," type="book" year="2000">Lourenço, 2000: 295</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B97910D8A805FF82FD04FAD79C6FFA8B" author="KOVARIK, F. & M. E. SOLEGLAD & V. FET" page="201" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" year="2007">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FD04FAD79C6FFA8B" author="Kovarik, Soleglad & Fet" firstAuthor="Kovarik" journalOrPublisher="Boletin Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa" page="201" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="201 - 209" part="40" refId="ref42128" refString="KOVARIK, F., M. E. SOLEGLAD & V. FET. 2007. A new species of scorpion in the " Charmus " group from India (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Boletin Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 40: 201 - 209." title="A new species of scorpion in the " Charmus " group from India (Scorpiones: Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2007">Kovařík, Soleglad & Fet, 2007: 201</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B97910D8A805FF82FDD8FAC89CB9FA8B" author="KOVARIK, F." box="[536,731,1311,1334]" page="31" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" year="2009">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FDD8FAC89CB9FA8B" author="Kovarik" bookContentInfo="170 pp." box="[536,731,1311,1334]" firstAuthor="Kovarik" journalOrPublisher="Clairon Production, Prague" page="31" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" refId="ref41793" refString="KOVARIK, F. 2009. Illustrated catalog of scorpions. Part I. Introductory remarks; keys to families and genera; subfamily Scorpioninae with keys to Heterometrus and Pandinus species. Clairon Production, Prague, 170 pp." title="Illustrated catalog of scorpions. Part I. Introductory remarks; keys to families and genera; subfamily Scorpioninae with keys to Heterometrus and Pandinus species" type="book" year="2009">Kovařík, 2009: 31</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="386736C9A805FF82FF07FAE99C14FAE8" blockId="18.[192,802,1158,1457]" box="[199,630,1342,1365]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="18C811E7A805FF82FF07FAE99C14FAE8" box="[199,630,1342,1365]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
=
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B97910D8A805FF82FF1DFAE99C0DFAE8" author="POCOCK, R. I." box="[221,623,1342,1365]" page="47" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" year="1892">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA805FF82FF1DFAE99C0DFAE8" authority="Pocock, 1892: 46 - 47" authorityName="Pocock" authorityPageNumber="46 - 47" authorityYear="1892" box="[221,623,1342,1365]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Heterocharmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FF1DFAE99FE1FAE8" box="[221,387,1342,1365]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Heterocharmus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FE4BFAE99C0DFAE8" author="Pocock" box="[395,623,1342,1365]" firstAuthor="Pocock" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" page="46 - 47" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="38 - 49" part="6" refId="ref43682" refString="POCOCK, R. I. 1892. Descriptions of two new genera of scorpions, with notes upon some species of Palamnaeus. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 (9): 38 - 49." title="Descriptions of two new genera of scorpions, with notes upon some species of Palamnaeus" type="journal article" year="1892">Pocock, 1892: 46–47</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="70C26542A805FF82FDBDFAE99CFFFA0C" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="386736C9A805FF82FDBDFAE99CFFFA0C" blockId="18.[192,802,1158,1457]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<typeStatus id="E763886BA805FF82FDBDFAE99CC9FAE8" box="[637,683,1342,1365]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species by monotypy
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA805FF82FEAAFA8B9D43FACE" authority="Pocock, 1892" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1892" box="[362,801,1372,1395]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Heterocharmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cinctipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FEAAFA8B9C1EFACE" box="[362,636,1372,1395]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Heterocharmus cinctipes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FD4AFA8B9D43FACE" author="Pocock" box="[650,801,1372,1395]" firstAuthor="Pocock" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="38 - 49" part="6" refId="ref43682" refString="POCOCK, R. I. 1892. Descriptions of two new genera of scorpions, with notes upon some species of Palamnaeus. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 (9): 38 - 49." title="Descriptions of two new genera of scorpions, with notes upon some species of Palamnaeus" type="journal article" year="1892">Pocock, 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA805FF82FEE0FAAC9CF8FA2F" authority="Karsch, 1879" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1879" box="[288,666,1403,1426]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Charmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FEE0FAAC9F83FA2F" box="[288,481,1403,1426]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Charmus laneus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FE39FAAC9CF8FA2F" author="Karsch" box="[505,666,1403,1426]" firstAuthor="Karsch" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="97 - 136" refId="ref41417" refString="KARSCH, F. 1879. Skorpionologische Beitrage I. and II. Mitteilungen des Munchener Entomologischen Vereins, 3: 6 - 22, 97 - 136." type="journal article" year="1879">Karsch, 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (syn. by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B97910D8A805FF82FF30FA4D9FA7FA0C" author="KRAEPELIN" box="[240,453,1434,1457]" page="39" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" year="1899">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FF30FA4D9FA7FA0C" author="Kraepelin" box="[240,453,1434,1457]" firstAuthor="Kraepelin" page="39" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" refId="ref42361" refString="KRAEPELIN, K. 1899. Scorpiones und Pedipalpi. In: F. DAHL (ed.), Das Tierreich. Herausgegeben von der Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft. Berlin: R. Friedlander und Sohn Verlag, 8. Lieferung. 265 pp." type="book" year="1899">Kraepelin, 1899: 39</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="B97910D8A805FF82FE13FA4D9CEFFA0C" author="POCOCK, R. I." box="[467,653,1434,1457]" page="31" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" year="1900">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FE13FA4D9CEFFA0C" author="Pocock" bookContentInfo="279 pp" box="[467,653,1434,1457]" firstAuthor="Pocock" journalOrPublisher="London: W. T. Blandford" page="31" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" part="xii" refId="ref43790" refString="POCOCK, R. I. 1900. Arachnida. The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Published un- der the authority of the Secretary of State for India in Council. London: W. T. Blandford, xii, 279 pp" title="Arachnida. The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Published un- der the authority of the Secretary of State for India in Council" type="book" year="1900">Pocock, 1900: 31</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="70C26542A805FF82FF00FA009CC3FA53" box="[192,673,1495,1518]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" type="type_taxon">
|
||
<paragraph id="386736C9A805FF82FF00FA009CC3FA53" blockId="18.[192,673,1495,1518]" box="[192,673,1495,1518]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<typeStatus id="E763886BA805FF82FF00FA009E9AFA53" box="[192,248,1495,1518]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">TYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
SPECIES.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA805FF82FE9EFA009CC3FA53" ID-CoL="69PQ4" authority="Karsch, 1879" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1879" box="[350,673,1495,1518]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Charmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FE9EFA009C6EFA53" box="[350,524,1495,1518]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Charmus laneus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FDD3FA009CC3FA53" author="Karsch" box="[531,673,1495,1518]" firstAuthor="Karsch" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="97 - 136" refId="ref41417" refString="KARSCH, F. 1879. Skorpionologische Beitrage I. and II. Mitteilungen des Munchener Entomologischen Vereins, 3: 6 - 22, 97 - 136." type="journal article" year="1879">Karsch, 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="70C26542A805FF85FF00F9C39F67FA42" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="386736C9A805FF82FF00F9C39B4EFB67" blockId="18.[192,802,1556,1917]" lastBlockId="18.[830,1441,1035,1242]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
DIAGNOSIS. Small buthids, adults
|
||
<quantity id="FF209B2CA805FF82FDF6F9C39CE1F996" box="[566,643,1556,1579]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
(male) – 23.5 mm (female). Sternum
|
||
<typeStatus id="E763886BA805FF82FE7AF9E49F8AF9F7" box="[442,488,1587,1610]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
|
||
1, subpentagonal, roughly as wide as long, exhibiting horizontal compression.
|
||
<collectorName id="952D531FA805FF82FD31F9859F62F93A" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Pedipalps</collectorName>
|
||
trichobothrial pattern Aα; femur trichobothrium
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FCCCF9A79D7BF93A" box="[780,793,1648,1671]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="A45C348CA805FF82FCD9F9AC9D40F937" attach="left" box="[793,802,1659,1674]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">2</subScript>
|
||
located dorsally, patella
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FE05F9589FB0F91B" box="[453,466,1679,1702]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="A45C348CA805FF82FE12F94E9FB9F915" attach="left" box="[466,475,1689,1704]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">3</subScript>
|
||
dorsal of dorsomedian carina; chela with 3
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FE8EF9799F0EF978" box="[334,364,1710,1733]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<collectorName id="952D531FA805FF82FE8EF9799F0EF978" box="[334,364,1710,1733]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Eb</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
trichobothria on manus.
|
||
<collectorName id="952D531FA805FF82FDBBF9799CB8F978" box="[635,730,1710,1733]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Movable</collectorName>
|
||
finger of pedipalp longer than manus.
|
||
<collectorName id="952D531FA805FF82FDD9F91B9C10F95E" box="[537,626,1740,1763]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Pectines</collectorName>
|
||
with or without fulcra.
|
||
<collectorName id="952D531FA805FF82FECDF93C9F02F8BF" box="[269,352,1771,1794]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Dentate</collectorName>
|
||
margin of pedipalp chela movable finger with distinct granules divided into 8–9 linear rows, apical rows of 4–6 granules, and 3 terminal granules.
|
||
<collectorName id="952D531FA805FF82FF00F8909F4CF8E3" box="[192,302,1863,1886]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Cheliceral</collectorName>
|
||
fixed finger armed with two denticles on ventral surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A0E32A4CA805FF82FEB4F8B19FB1F8C0" box="[372,467,1894,1917]" captionStart="Figures 66–67" captionStartId="18.[192,278,909,933]" captionTargetBox="[204,1433,173,864]" captionTargetId="figure-11@18.[192,1439,168,880]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figures 66–67: Left chelicera of male Charmus laneus from locality 15CO. Figures 66–67. Dorsal (66) and ventral (67a) view (white light + UV), and ventroexternal (67b) aspect (UV) showing 2 denticles on ventral surface of fixed finger (d1, d2). Scale bar: 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124507" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124507/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Fig. 67a</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectorName id="952D531FA805FF82FE2BF8B19C37F8C0" box="[491,597,1894,1917]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Tergites I</collectorName>
|
||
–VI granular, with one clearly visible carina.
|
||
<collectorName id="952D531FA805FF82FBB6FBDC9ABBFB9F" box="[1142,1241,1035,1058]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Carapace</collectorName>
|
||
granular without carinae, anterior edge with epistome present medially.
|
||
<collectorName id="952D531FA805FF82FCFEFB9F9DD6FBE2" box="[830,948,1096,1119]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Metasomal</collectorName>
|
||
segments IV–V punctate without developed carinae.
|
||
<collectorName id="952D531FA805FF82FC64FBB09D8EFBC3" box="[932,1004,1127,1150]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Telson</collectorName>
|
||
vesicle punctate, without subaculear tooth.
|
||
<collectorName id="952D531FA805FF82FC47FB519D90FB20" box="[903,1010,1158,1181]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Pedipalps</collectorName>
|
||
, metasoma and telson densely hirsute.
|
||
<collectorName id="952D531FA805FF82FCFEFB739D10FB06" box="[830,882,1188,1211]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Legs</collectorName>
|
||
III and IV with well developed long tibial spurs, first and second tarsomeres with ventral setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="386736C9A805FF85FCFEFAD79F67FA42" blockId="18.[830,1441,1280,1917]" lastBlockId="21.[192,802,1358,1535]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
|
||
NOTE. A remarkable feature of the metasoma and telson of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA805FF82FCA0FAC89A70FA8B" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1879" box="[864,1042,1311,1334]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Charmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FCA0FAC89A70FA8B" box="[864,1042,1311,1334]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Charmus laneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the extremely dense pubescence (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A0E32A4CA805FF82FC86FAE99DABFAE8" box="[838,969,1342,1365]" captionStart="Figures 71–73" captionStartId="20.[192,278,1872,1896]" captionTargetBox="[191,1440,167,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-69@20.[192,1439,168,1842]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figures 71–73: Metasoma and telson of Charmus laneus male from locality 15CO, showing granulation, punctuation, setation and color pattern in dorsal (71), lateral (72) and ventral (73) views. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124513" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124513/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Figs. 71–73</figureCitation>
|
||
). All segments bear an abundance of fine setae of various lengths emerging from pits containing sockets or perforations in the thickened cuticle. These setae can be divided into at least
|
||
<specimenCount id="2EDEFD40A805FF82FB6FFA4D9B7EFA0C" box="[1199,1308,1434,1457]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||
: (1) straight or uniformly curved, non-fluorescent golden setae; and (2) terminally curved, brightly fluorescent, translucent setae with intense pinpoint fluorescence at the tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A0E32A4CA805FF82FAAAFA219DE4F996" captionStart-0="Figures 5–11" captionStart-1="Figures 12–15" captionStart-10="Figures 60–63" captionStart-11="Figures 64–65" captionStart-12="Figures 66–67" captionStart-13="Figures 68–70" captionStart-2="Figures 16–19" captionStart-3="Figures 20–23" captionStart-4="Figures 24–29" captionStart-5="Figures 30–33" captionStart-6="Figures 34–38" captionStart-7="Figures 39–46" captionStart-8="Figures 47–53" captionStart-9="Figures 54–59" captionStartId-0="4.[192,278,1745,1769]" captionStartId-1="6.[192,278,1885,1909]" captionStartId-10="16.[192,278,1844,1868]" captionStartId-11="17.[192,278,1310,1334]" captionStartId-12="18.[192,278,909,933]" captionStartId-13="19.[192,278,1708,1732]" captionStartId-2="8.[192,278,1853,1877]" captionStartId-3="9.[192,278,1829,1853]" captionStartId-4="10.[192,278,1378,1402]" captionStartId-5="11.[192,278,1229,1253]" captionStartId-6="12.[192,278,1853,1877]" captionStartId-7="13.[192,278,946,970]" captionStartId-8="14.[192,278,1770,1794]" captionStartId-9="15.[192,278,1589,1613]" captionTargetBox-0="[227,1387,167,1716]" captionTargetBox-1="[191,1440,167,1856]" captionTargetBox-10="[213,1417,167,1815]" captionTargetBox-11="[191,1440,215,1282]" captionTargetBox-12="[204,1433,173,864]" captionTargetBox-13="[192,1439,168,1678]" captionTargetBox-2="[256,1384,176,1817]" captionTargetBox-3="[233,1393,199,1801]" captionTargetBox-4="[199,1433,201,1332]" captionTargetBox-5="[196,1432,202,1188]" captionTargetBox-6="[213,1417,192,1825]" captionTargetBox-7="[196,1427,173,927]" captionTargetBox-8="[207,1426,157,1733]" captionTargetBox-9="[203,1426,153,1559]" captionTargetId-0="figure-11@4.[228,1386,168,1716]" captionTargetId-1="figure-11@6.[192,1439,168,1855]" captionTargetId-10="figure-70@16.[214,1416,168,1814]" captionTargetId-11="figure-631@17.[192,1439,216,1281]" captionTargetId-12="figure-11@18.[192,1439,168,880]" captionTargetId-13="figure-7@19.[192,1439,168,1678]" captionTargetId-2="figure-11@8.[192,1439,170,1824]" captionTargetId-3="figure-6@9.[234,1392,200,1800]" captionTargetId-4="figure-11@10.[192,1439,192,1349]" captionTargetId-5="figure-6@11.[192,1439,191,1200]" captionTargetId-6="figure-11@12.[214,1416,193,1824]" captionTargetId-7="figure-6@13.[192,1439,168,933]" captionTargetId-8="figure-11@14.[192,1439,144,1741]" captionTargetId-9="figure-40@15.[192,1439,144,1560]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-10="16" captionTargetPageId-11="17" captionTargetPageId-12="18" captionTargetPageId-13="19" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionTargetPageId-4="10" captionTargetPageId-5="11" captionTargetPageId-6="12" captionTargetPageId-7="13" captionTargetPageId-8="14" captionTargetPageId-9="15" captionText-0="Figures 5–11: Figure 5. The reserarch team at a field station in the locality 15CB. Figure 6. Tea time in Girithale Wildlife Training Center close to the locality 15CD. From left P. Devasurendra, F. Kovařík and K. B. Ranawana. Figure 7. P. Rajkumar (Environmental Research, Jaffna), F. Kovařík and local people in the locality 15CK video recording Hottentotta tamulus. Figure 8. S. Jayarathne taking a picture of a dangerous snake Hypnale hypnale in the locality 15CD. Figure 9. Herpetologist S. Goonewardene and F. Kovařík in the locality 15CN. Figure 10. Meeting chief monk, in Monaragala "Sri Sambodhi Viharaya", who has helped to research scorpions in the locality 15CQ. Figure 11. Profesor K. B. Ranawana in his office at University of Peradeniya." captionText-1="Figures 12–15: Maps showing the known geographical distribution of the Sri Lankan species." captionText-10="Figures 60–63: Charmus laneus from locality 15CO. Figures 60, 62. Male, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (60) and sternopectinal region and sternites III–VII (62). Figures 61, 63. Female, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (61) and sternopectinal region and sternite III (63)." captionText-11="Figures 64–65: Charmus laneus from locality 15CO, showing granulation and color pattern of male. Chelicerae, carapace and tergites (64). Coxosternal region and sternites (65). Scale bar: 500 µm." captionText-12="Figures 66–67: Left chelicera of male Charmus laneus from locality 15CO. Figures 66–67. Dorsal (66) and ventral (67a) view (white light + UV), and ventroexternal (67b) aspect (UV) showing 2 denticles on ventral surface of fixed finger (d1, d2). Scale bar: 200 µm." captionText-13="Figures 68–70: Charmus laneus, male from locality 15CO. Metasoma V and telson under UV fluorescence, showing granulation, punctuation and setation in dorsal (68), lateral (69) and ventral (70) views. Scale bar: 500 µm." captionText-2="Figures 16–19: Buthoscorpio sarasinorum. Figures 16–17. Male from locality 15CF in dorsal (16) and ventral (17) views. Figures 18–19. Female from locality 15CG in dorsal (18) and ventral (19) views." captionText-3="Figures 20–23: Buthoscorpio sarasinorum. Figures 20, 22. Male from locality 15CF, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (20) and sternopectinal region and sternite III (22). Figures 21, 23. Female from locality 15CG, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (21) and sternopectinal region and sternite III (23)." captionText-4="Figures 24–29: Buthoscorpio sarasinorum. Figures 24–26. Male from locality 15CF, metasoma and telson, lateral (24), ventral (25), and dorsal (26) views. Figures 27–29. Female from locality 15CG, metasoma and telson, lateral (27), ventral (28), and dorsal (29) views." captionText-5="Figures 30–33: Capsule region and flagellum of left hemispermatophore of Buthoscorpio sarasinorum from locality 15CF. External (30), dorsal (31), internal (32) and ventral (33) views. Note: damaged section of pars reflecta of flagellum is interpolated as a dotted outline. Scale bar: 500 µm. Abbreviations: bl, basal lobe; f, flagellum; ml, median lobe; mlc, median lobe carina; pr, pars recta of flagellum; prf, pars reflecta of flagellum; t, trunk." captionText-6="Figures 34–38: Buthoscorpio sarasinorum. Figures 34. Male at locality 15CF. Figures 35. Female at locality 15CS under UV. Figures 36–38. Female from locality 15CF (36) with newborns (37), and with juveniles after first ecdysis (38)." captionText-7="Figures 39–46: Chela of pedipalps (39–45) and movable finger of chela (46). Figures 39–40. Buthoscorpio sarasinorum, male from locality 15CF (39) and female from locality 15CG (40). Figures 41–43. Charmus laneus, male (41) and female (42) from locality 15CO, and female holotype (43). Figure 44. Charmus saradieli, sp. n., female holotype. Figures 45–46. Hottentotta tamulus, male from locality 15CK." captionText-8="Figures 47–53: Figure 47. Left hemispermatophore of Buthoscorpio sarasinorum from locality 15CF. Figures 48–53. Charmus laneus from locality 15CO. Figure 48. Left hemispermatophore. Figures 49–53. Capsule region and flagellum. External (49), dorsal (50), internal (51) and ventral (52) views of left hemispermatophore, and externo-dorsal (53) view of right hemispermatophore presented as mirror image for comparison. Scale bars: 1 mm for 47, 500 µm for 48, 250 µm for 49–52, and 200 µm for 53. Abbreviations: bl, basal lobe; f, flagellum; ml, median lobe; mlc, median lobe carina; pr, pars recta of flagellum; prf, pars reflecta of flagellum; t, trunk." captionText-9="Figures 54–59: Charmus laneus from locality 15CO. Figures 54–55. Male 14.7 mm long in dorsal (54) and ventral (55) views. Figures 56–57. Juvenile male 7.5 mm long in dorsal (56) and ventral (57) views. Figures 58–59. Female 20.1 mm long in dorsal (58) and ventral (59) views." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124472" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124476" figureDoi-10="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124499" figureDoi-11="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124503" figureDoi-12="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124507" figureDoi-13="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124511" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124478" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124482" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124487" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124489" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124491" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124493" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124495" figureDoi-9="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124497" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7124472/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7124476/files/figure.png" httpUri-10="https://zenodo.org/record/7124499/files/figure.png" httpUri-11="https://zenodo.org/record/7124503/files/figure.png" httpUri-12="https://zenodo.org/record/7124507/files/figure.png" httpUri-13="https://zenodo.org/record/7124511/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7124478/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7124482/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7124487/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/7124489/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/7124491/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/7124493/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/7124495/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/7124497/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Figs. 6 8–70</figureCitation>
|
||
). Comparing these setae to similar kinds of setae found in other scorpions, we suggest that
|
||
<typeStatus id="E763886BA805FF82FADAF9E49B2AF9F7" box="[1306,1352,1587,1610]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
|
||
1 setae may be mechanoreceptive and tactile, and
|
||
<typeStatus id="E763886BA805FF82FADBF9859B2BF9D4" box="[1307,1353,1618,1641]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 setae may be chemoreceptive in function. Putative chemotactic microsetae in other scorpions are typically also fluorescent and exhibit a similar, apically curved shape, but are usually quite short compared to the long fluorescent setae seen here. A similar densely hirsute metasoma is also present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA805FF82FBB6F8DD9A95F89C" authority="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š, 2016" authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" box="[1142,1271,1802,1825]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Charmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saradieli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FBB6F8DD9A95F89C" box="[1142,1271,1802,1825]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">C. saradieli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="119F57A0A805FF82FAC0F8DE9B5CF89C" box="[1280,1342,1801,1825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FAC0F8DE9B7BF89C" bold="true" box="[1280,1305,1801,1825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">sp</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FAE8F8DE9B55F89C" bold="true" box="[1320,1335,1801,1825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and was also described in the other two known members of the genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA805FF82FC51F8909A2AF8E3" authority="Hirst" authorityName="Hirst" authorityYear="1915" box="[913,1096,1863,1886]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Charmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FC51F8909DC1F8E3" box="[913,931,1863,1886]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FC78F8909A67F8E3" box="[952,1029,1863,1886]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">indicus</emphasis>
|
||
Hirst
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 1 915 and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA805FF82FB15F8909A15F8C0" authority="Tikader et Bastawade, 1983" authorityName="Tikader et Bastawade" authorityYear="1983" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Charmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singhagadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FB15F8909A85F8E3" box="[1237,1255,1863,1886]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA805FF82FB3CF8909BC2F8E3" box="[1276,1440,1863,1886]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">singhagadensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A805FF82FCFEF8B19A15F8C0" author="Tikader et Bastawade" bookContentInfo="668 pp." box="[830,1143,1894,1917]" firstAuthor="Tikader" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" refId="ref44789" refString="TIKADER B. K. & D. B. BASTAWADE. 1983. The Fauna of India: Scorpions. Scorpionida, Arachnida. Vol III. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta, 668 pp." title="The Fauna of India: Scorpions. Scorpionida, Arachnida. Vol III" type="book" year="1983">Tikader et Bastawade, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Sreenivasa Reddy, 1966: 247–256;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A804FF83FEF5F8D59C8DF8A4" author="Tikader & Bastawade" bookContentInfo="668 pp." box="[309,751,1794,1817]" firstAuthor="Tikader" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta" page="140 - 152" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" refId="ref44789" refString="TIKADER B. K. & D. B. BASTAWADE. 1983. The Fauna of India: Scorpions. Scorpionida, Arachnida. Vol III. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta, 668 pp." title="The Fauna of India: Scorpions. Scorpionida, Arachnida. Vol III" type="book" year="1983">Tikader & Bastawade, 1983: 140–152</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). A similar, probably homologous development of dense setation is also observed in the closely related genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA804FF83FF00F8899F2FF8C8" authorityName="Kovarik" authorityYear="1995" box="[192,333,1886,1909]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Thaicharmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA804FF83FF00F8899F2FF8C8" box="[192,333,1886,1909]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Thaicharmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A804FF83FE9CF8899F9AF8C8" author="Kovarik" box="[348,504,1886,1909]" firstAuthor="Kovarik" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="187 - 207" refId="ref41605" refString="KOVARIK, F. 1995. Review of Scorpionida from Thailand with descriptions of Thaicharmus mahunkai gen. et sp. n. and Lychas krali sp. n. (Buthidae). Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae, 59: 187 - 207." type="journal article" year="1995">Kovařík, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A804FF83FDC7F8899C22F8C8" author="Kovarik" box="[519,576,1886,1909]" firstAuthor="Kovarik" journalOrPublisher="Euscorpius" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 9" part="175" refId="ref41834" refString="KOVARIK, F. 2013. Review of Thaicharmus Kovarik, 1995, with description of Thaicharmus indicus sp. n. from India (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Euscorpius, 175: 1 - 9." title="Review of Thaicharmus Kovarik, 1995, with description of Thaicharmus indicus sp. n. from India (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" type="journal article" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Mirza et. al., 2016). This massive concentration of multimodal sensory input indicates that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA804FF83FC1BF8F79A5FF88A" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1879" box="[987,1085,1824,1847]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Charmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA804FF83FC1BF8F79A5FF88A" box="[987,1085,1824,1847]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Charmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is another example of the evolution of the metasoma into a specialized sensory organ. As noted previously, this has apparently occurred independently in several different buthid lineages, e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA802FF85FF00FABA9F8AFA39" authority="Hirst, 1925" authorityName="Hirst" authorityYear="1925" box="[192,488,1389,1412]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Butheoloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA802FF85FF00FABA9F29FA39" box="[192,331,1389,1412]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Butheoloides</emphasis>
|
||
Hirst, 1925
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA802FF85FDC6FABA9E97FA1E" authority="Keyserling, 1885" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1885" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Isometroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA802FF85FDC6FABA9CF2FA39" box="[518,656,1389,1412]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Isometroides</emphasis>
|
||
Keyserling, 1885
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA802FF85FECCFA5B9C55FA1E" authority="Hewitt, 1914" authorityName="Hewitt" authorityYear="1914" box="[268,567,1420,1443]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Karasbergia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA802FF85FECCFA5B9FF1FA1E" box="[268,403,1420,1443]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Karasbergia</emphasis>
|
||
Hewitt, 1914
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA802FF85FD8DFA5B9F5AFA7C" authority="Kraepelin, 1898" authorityName="Kraepelin" authorityYear="1898" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Microbuthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA802FF85FD8DFA5B9CB7FA1E" box="[589,725,1420,1443]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Microbuthus</emphasis>
|
||
Kraepelin, 1898
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA802FF85FE86FA7D9C03FA7C" authority="Karsch, 1892" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1892" box="[326,609,1450,1473]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Orthochirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA802FF85FE86FA7D9FABFA7C" box="[326,457,1450,1473]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Orthochirus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A802FF85FE0FFA7D9C03FA7C" author="Karsch" box="[463,609,1450,1473]" firstAuthor="Karsch" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" pagination="267 - 310" refId="ref41446" refString="KARSCH, F. 1892. Arachniden von Ceylon und von Minikoy, gesammelt von den Herren Doctoren P. und F. Sarasin. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 36 (1891): 267 - 310." type="journal article" year="1892">Karsch, 1892</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; etc. (E.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A802FF85FD7EFA7D9E97FA5D" author="FET, E. V. & D. NEFF & M. R GRAHAM & V. FET" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica de Aracnologia" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" pagination="69 - 72" part="8" refId="ref40782" refString="FET, E. V., D. NEFF, M. R GRAHAM & V. FET. 2003. Metasoma of Orthochirus (Scorpiones: Buthidae): are scorpions evolving a new sensory organ? Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 8: 69 - 72." title="Metasoma of Orthochirus (Scorpiones: Buthidae): are scorpions evolving a new sensory organ?" type="journal article" year="2003">Fet et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A802FF85FECDFA1E9FDCFA5D" author="Lourenco" box="[269,446,1481,1504]" editor="I. Prakash" firstAuthor="Lourenco" journalOrPublisher="Jodhpur: Scientific Publishers" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" pagination="171 - 183" refId="ref42682" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 2001. Taxonomic considerations on the genera Butheolus Simon, Nanobuthus Pocock and Neobuthus Hirst (Scorpions, Buthidae) with the description of a new species of Neobuthus from Ethiopia. Pp. 171 - 183. In: I. Prakash (ed.), Ecology of Desert Environments. Jodhpur: Scientific Publishers." title="Taxonomic considerations on the genera Butheolus Simon, Nanobuthus Pocock and Neobuthus Hirst (Scorpions, Buthidae) with the description of a new species of Neobuthus from Ethiopia" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Ecology of Desert Environments" year="2001">Lourenço, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A802FF85FE15FA1E9C68FA5D" author="Lourenco" box="[469,522,1481,1504]" firstAuthor="Lourenco" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" pagination="105 - 110" part="14" refId="ref42798" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 2003. Notes on Isometroides vescus (Karsch, 1880) (Scorpiones, Buthidae), an endemic element to Australia. Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg, 14 (167): 105 - 110." title="Notes on Isometroides vescus (Karsch, 1880) (Scorpiones, Buthidae), an endemic element to Australia" type="journal article" year="2003">2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A802FF85FDE1FA1E9CCBFA5D" author="Lowe" box="[545,681,1481,1504]" firstAuthor="Lowe" journalOrPublisher="Euscorpius" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 53" part="93" refId="ref43168" refString="LOWE, G. 2010 a. New picobuthoid scorpions (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Oman. Euscorpius, 93: 1 - 53." title="New picobuthoid scorpions (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Oman" type="journal article" year="2010">Lowe, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5C494B38A802FF85FD01FA1E9E97FA42" author="Prendini" firstAuthor="Prendini" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Afrotropical Zoology" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" pagination="77 - 93" part="1" refId="ref43839" refString="PRENDINI, L. 2004. Revision of Karasbergia Hewitt (Scorpiones; Buthidae), a monotypic genus endemic to southern Africa. Journal of Afrotropical Zoology, 1: 77 - 93." title="Revision of Karasbergia Hewitt (Scorpiones; Buthidae), a monotypic genus endemic to southern Africa" type="journal article" year="2004">Prendini, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="6CA76641A804FF83FF00F97B9AA3F961" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124511" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7124511" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124511/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" startId="19.[192,278,1708,1732]" targetBox="[192,1439,168,1678]" targetPageId="19">
|
||
<paragraph id="386736C9A804FF83FF00F97B9AA3F961" blockId="19.[192,1440,1708,1756]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA804FF83FF00F97B9F0DF979" bold="true" box="[192,367,1708,1732]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Figures 68–70:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA804FF83FEBCF9799C42F97E" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1879" box="[380,544,1710,1731]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Charmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA804FF83FEBCF9799C42F97E" box="[380,544,1710,1731]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Charmus laneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male from locality 15CO. Metasoma V and telson under UV fluorescence, showing granulation, punctuation and setation in dorsal (68), lateral (69) and ventral (70) views. Scale bar: 500 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="6CA76641A803FF84FF00F8879D8EF83D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124513" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7124513" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124513/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" startId="20.[192,278,1872,1896]" targetBox="[191,1440,167,1843]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="386736C9A803FF84FF00F8879D8EF83D" blockId="20.[192,1440,1872,1920]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA803FF84FF00F8879F0BF8D5" bold="true" box="[192,361,1872,1896]" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Figures 71–73:</emphasis>
|
||
Metasoma and telson of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA803FF84FDA0F8859C9CF8DA" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1879" box="[608,766,1874,1895]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Charmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="20" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA803FF84FDA0F8859C9CF8DA" box="[608,766,1874,1895]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="19">Charmus laneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male from locality 15CO, showing granulation, punctuation, setation and color pattern in dorsal (71), lateral (72) and ventral (73) views. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="6CA76641A802FF85FF00FB3E9A9DFAA4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124521" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7124521" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124521/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" startId="21.[192,278,1257,1281]" targetBox="[199,1428,176,1222]" targetPageId="21">
|
||
<paragraph id="386736C9A802FF85FF00FB3E9A9DFAA4" blockId="21.[192,1441,1257,1306]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA802FF85FF00FB3E9F0AFABC" bold="true" box="[192,360,1257,1281]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Figures 74–79:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFD84D4AA802FF85FEAFFB3C9C6EFABD" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1879" box="[367,524,1259,1280]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Charmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA802FF85FEAFFB3C9C6EFABD" box="[367,524,1259,1280]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Charmus laneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from locality 15CO.
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA802FF85FD1BFB3C9D08FABD" bold="true" box="[731,874,1259,1281]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Figures 74–76</emphasis>
|
||
. Male, metasoma and telson, lateral (74), ventral (75), and dorsal (76) views.
|
||
<emphasis id="0AACEADBA802FF85FEB3FAD39C60FAA4" bold="true" box="[371,514,1284,1306]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Figures 77–79</emphasis>
|
||
. Female, metasoma and telson, lateral (77), ventral (78), and dorsal (79) views.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="70C26542A802FF85FF00F9F29C79F981" box="[192,539,1573,1596]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="386736C9A802FF85FF00F9F29C79F981" blockId="21.[192,539,1573,1596]" box="[192,539,1573,1596]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
|
||
DISTRIBUTION.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="40CF7659A802FF85FEA7F9F29FC3F981" box="[359,417,1573,1596]" name="India" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="40CF7659A802FF85FE6BF9F29C75F981" box="[427,535,1573,1596]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |