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<document id="5EE75D7DCEAFA7A33938599C0345D1EE" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4751.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6d5c6a73-5675-46cf-98a4-ece6ddc8e121" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3712951" ID-ZooBank="7692DE47-FE0C-47CA-BF74-10302592AC5F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1584453387776" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Eiseman, Charles S. &amp; Davis, Donald R." docDate="2020" docId="B05A87DFA92FFF8407CEF959CC5BFC5D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4751.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4751 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phyllonorycter argentinotella" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="213" masterDocId="4C63FFA7A924FF880759FF94C879FFFA" masterDocTitle="Wrong side of the leaf: assigning some Lithocolletinae species (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) to their proper genera" masterLastPageNumber="237" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="212" updateTime="1698729180572" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="48A8A5BB1755913F51D6E14C6B7E203A">Wrong side of the leaf: assigning some Lithocolletinae species (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) to their proper genera</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BD7814AE8D3703FC6DAC2BE2888842A7">Eiseman, Charles S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5A95232F6B77F8C19AE0B1933A06D6C3">Davis, Donald R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4E28B08264B69DE09093D909F45FE9B0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="45CFA4765A3FB48E53007E0059C32218">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A7CCC32E57AA0755B4024FA96AA99BC4">4751</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="88DD65D5B78C313562032ABFD6430AAE" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4751.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B05A87DFA92FFF8407CEF959CC5BFC5D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3718111" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162628729" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3718111" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B05A87DFA92FFF8407CEF959CC5BFC5D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B05A87DFA92FFF8407CEF959CC5BFC5D" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="213" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<subSubSection id="70E96542A92FFF8307CEF959CAB2F91D" box="[151,715,1741,1768]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="384C36C9A92FFF8307CEF959CAB2F91D" blockId="11.[151,751,1741,1901]" box="[151,715,1741,1768]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<heading id="630481A5A92FFF8307CEF959CAB2F91D" bold="true" box="[151,715,1741,1768]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA92FFF8307CEF959CAB2F91D" ID-CoL="4H83G" authority="(Clemens, 1859)" baseAuthorityName="Clemens" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[151,715,1741,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argentinotella">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA92FFF8307CEF959CAB2F91D" bold="true" box="[151,715,1741,1768]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA92FFF8307CEF959C985F912" bold="true" box="[151,508,1741,1768]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Phyllonorycter argentinotella</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A92FFF830552F959CABAF91D" author="Clemens, B." box="[523,707,1741,1767]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" pagination="317 - 328" refId="ref13192" refString="Clemens, B. (1859) Contributions to American lepidopterology. No. 2. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1859, 317 - 328." type="journal article" year="1859">Clemens, 1859</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70E96542A92FFF8307CEF966CAB3F8B4" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" type="description">
<paragraph id="384C36C9A92FFF8307CEF966C957F8F6" blockId="11.[151,751,1741,1901]" box="[151,302,1778,1804]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
(
<figureCitation id="A0C82A4CA92FFF8307C6F966C95FF8F6" box="[159,294,1778,1804]" captionStart="FIGURES 27–29" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1465,1490]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,956,1439]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1435,956,1439]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 27–29. Phyllonorycter argentinotella reared from an underside tentiform mine on Ulmus sp. in Iowa. 27: Upper surface of mine; 28: Lower surface; 29: Adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3712971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3712971/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Figs. 27–29</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="384C36C9A92FFF8307CEF8A2CAB3F8B4" blockId="11.[151,751,1741,1901]" box="[151,714,1845,1870]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA92FFF8307CEF8A2C949F8B4" box="[151,304,1846,1870]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">L.[ithocolletis]</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA92FFF83066FF8A2CAEBF8B4" authority="Clemens 1859: 319" authorityName="Clemens" authorityPageNumber="319" authorityYear="1859" box="[310,658,1845,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argentinotella">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA92FFF83066FF8A2C9BCF8B4" box="[310,453,1846,1870]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">argentinotella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A92FFF830692F8A1CAEBF8B4" author="Clemens, B." box="[459,658,1845,1870]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" pagination="317 - 328" refId="ref13192" refString="Clemens, B. (1859) Contributions to American lepidopterology. No. 2. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1859, 317 - 328." type="journal article" year="1859">Clemens 1859: 319</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 325.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70E96542A92FFF8307CEF8C1C956F823" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="384C36C9A92FFF8307CEF8C1CA96F897" blockId="11.[151,751,1741,1901]" box="[151,751,1876,1901]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="18E311E7A92FFF8307CEF8C1CA96F897" box="[151,751,1876,1901]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA92FFF8307CEF8C1CA4AF897" ID-CoL="4H83G" authority="(Clemens)" baseAuthorityName="Clemens" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[151,563,1876,1901]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argentinotella">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA92FFF8307CEF8C1C9BDF897" box="[151,452,1877,1901]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Phyllonorycter argentinotella</emphasis>
(Clemens)
</taxonomicName>
—
<treatmentCitation id="B95210D8A92FFF830514F8C0CA92F897" author="Davis, D. R." box="[589,747,1876,1901]" page="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A92FFF830514F8C0CA92F897" author="Davis, D. R." box="[589,747,1876,1901]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" pagination="9 - 11" refId="ref13365" refString="Davis, D. R. (1983) Gracillariidae. In: Hodges, R. W., Dominick, T., Davis, D. R., Ferguson, D. C., Franclemont, J. G., Munroe, E. G. &amp; Powell, J. A. (Eds.), Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico. E. W. Classey Ltd. and The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, London, pp. 9 - 11." type="book chapter" year="1983">Davis 1983: 10</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="384C36C9A92FFF8307CEF80EC956F823" blockId="11.[151,1437,1946,2046]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA92FFF8307CEF80EC961F84F" bold="true" box="[151,280,1946,1973]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Leaf mine.</emphasis>
Normally underside tentiform (
<figureCitation id="A0C82A4CA92FFF8305DBF80FCB74F84F" box="[642,781,1947,1973]" captionStart="FIGURES 27–29" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1465,1490]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,956,1439]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1435,956,1439]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 27–29. Phyllonorycter argentinotella reared from an underside tentiform mine on Ulmus sp. in Iowa. 27: Upper surface of mine; 28: Lower surface; 29: Adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3712971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3712971/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Figs. 27–28</figureCitation>
); a single specimen was reportedly reared from an uppersurface mine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70E96542A92FFF83079EF877CB83F807" box="[199,1018,2019,2046]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="384C36C9A92FFF83079EF877CB83F807" blockId="11.[151,1437,1946,2046]" box="[199,1018,2019,2046]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA92FFF83079EF877C968F807" bold="true" box="[199,273,2019,2045]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Hosts.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA92FFF830641F877C9F5F807" box="[280,396,2019,2045]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ulmaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ulmaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA92FFF8306CEF877CA02F807" authority="Michx." authorityName="Michx." box="[407,635,2019,2045]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alata">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA92FFF8306CEF877CA58F807" box="[407,545,2019,2045]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Ulmus alata</emphasis>
Michx.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA92FFF8305DFF870CB59F807" box="[646,800,2020,2045]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Apios" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="americana">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA92FFF8305DFF870CB59F807" box="[646,800,2020,2045]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">U. americana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.,
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA92FFF830414F870CB83F807" authority="Muhl." authorityName="Muhl." box="[845,1018,2019,2045]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubra">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA92FFF830414F870CBD6F807" box="[845,943,2019,2045]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">U. rubra</emphasis>
Muhl.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70E96542A928FF84079EFF0CCBAAFDE1" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="384C36C9A928FF84079EFF0CCB84FF49" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,935]" box="[199,1021,152,179]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF84079EFF0CC918FF49" bold="true" box="[199,353,152,179]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="40E47659A928FF84063EFF0CC9C6FF48" box="[359,447,152,178]" name="Canada" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Canada</collectingCountry>
: ON, QC;
<collectingCountry id="40E47659A928FF84056FFF0DCA0BFF49" box="[566,626,153,179]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">USA</collectingCountry>
: CT, IA, IL, KY, MA, NC, PA, VT.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="384C36C9A928FF84079EFF28C9E4FE29" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,935]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF84079EFF28C95DFF2D" bold="true" box="[199,292,188,215]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Review.</emphasis>
The first records of this species are from
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA928FF8405ABFF28CBFEFF2C" box="[754,903,188,214]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Pennsylvania</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA928FF8404E5FF28CC53FF2C" box="[956,1066,188,214]" country="United States of America" name="Kentucky" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Kentucky</collectingRegion>
, where
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A928FF840326FF28CD29FF2D" author="Chambers, V. T." box="[1151,1360,188,215]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="146 - 149" refId="ref12905" refString="Chambers, V. T. (1871 d) Micro-lepidoptera. The Canadian Entomologist, 3, 146 - 149." type="journal article" year="1871">Chambers (1871d)</bibRefCitation>
reared it from underside tentiform mines on
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA928FF84056CFF74CA84FF00" box="[565,765,224,250]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF84056CFF74CA84FF00" box="[565,765,224,250]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Ulmus americana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A928FF840453FF74CBC4FF01" author="Clemens, B." box="[778,957,224,251]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="317 - 328" refId="ref13192" refString="Clemens, B. (1859) Contributions to American lepidopterology. No. 2. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1859, 317 - 328." type="journal article" year="1859">Clemens (1859)</bibRefCitation>
had no information about the host or larval biology when he described the species.
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A928FF840538FE90CB4AFEE5" author="Chambers, V. T." box="[609,819,260,287]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="97 - 121" refId="ref13092" refString="Chambers, V. T. (1875 c) Tineina of the central United States. The Cincinnati Quarterly Journal of Science, 2 (2), 97 - 121." type="journal article" year="1875">Chambers (1875c)</bibRefCitation>
reported rearing a single adult from an upper-surface mine that was otherwise identical to the usual underside mines. All subsequent records indicate that this species forms underside tentiform mines, including those of
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A928FF8405A9FED9CBB7FE9D" author="Frey, H. &amp; Boll, J." box="[752,974,332,359]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="201 - 224" refId="ref14038" refString="Frey, H. &amp; Boll, J. (1873) Nordamerikanische Tineen. Entomologische Zeitung, Stettin, 34 (4 - 6), 201 - 224." type="journal article" year="1873">Frey &amp; Boll (1873)</bibRefCitation>
from
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA928FF84034FFED9CCCBFE9C" box="[1046,1202,333,358]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="americana">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF84034FFED9CCCBFE9C" box="[1046,1202,333,358]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">U. americana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA928FF8403B2FED9CD36FE9C" box="[1259,1359,332,358]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubra">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF8403B2FED9CD36FE9C" box="[1259,1359,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">U. rubra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA928FF8402D8FED9C955FE71" authority="Michx." authorityName="Michx." class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulva">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF8402D8FED9C8B6FE70" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">U. fulva</emphasis>
Michx.
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA928FF840666FEE4CAF4FE70" baseAuthorityName="Clemens" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[319,653,368,394]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argentinotella">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF840666FEE4CAF4FE70" box="[319,653,368,394]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Phyllonorycter argentinotella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also recorded from
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA928FF8404D2FEE4CC54FE70" box="[907,1069,368,394]" country="United States of America" name="Massachusetts" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Massachusetts</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A928FF840365FEE5CCB3FE71" author="Hagen, H. A." box="[1084,1226,369,395]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="151 - 154" refId="ref14340" refString="Hagen, H. A. (1884) The types of Tineina in the collection of the museum in Cambridge, Mass., No. II. Papilio, 4, 151 - 154." type="journal article" year="1884">Hagen 1884</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA928FF840386FEE4CD57FE70" box="[1247,1326,368,394]" country="United States of America" name="Illinois" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Illinois</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A928FF840264FEE4C96BFE55" author="Godfrey, G. L. &amp; Cashatt, E. D. &amp; Glenn, M. O." pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref14197" refString="Godfrey, G. L., Cashatt, E. D. &amp; Glenn, M. O. (1987) Microlepidoptera from the Sandy Creek and Illinois River Region: an annotated checklist of the suborders Dacnonypha, Monotrysia, and Ditrysia (in part) (Insecta). Illinois Natural History Survey Special Publication, 7, 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="1987">
Godfrey
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF8407CEFE01C8B1FE54" box="[151,200,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">et al</emphasis>
. 1987
</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA928FF84067FFE00C9D4FE54" box="[294,429,404,430]" country="United States of America" name="Connecticut" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Connecticut</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A928FF8406E5FE00CAD0FE55" author="Maier, C. T. &amp; Davis, D. R." box="[444,681,404,431]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref14841" refString="Maier, C. T. &amp; Davis, D. R. (1989) Southern New England host and distributional records of lithocolletine Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera), with comparison of host specificity in temperate regions. Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America, 70, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1989">Maier &amp; Davis 1989</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA928FF8405E5FE01CB65FE55" box="[700,796,405,431]" country="United States of America" name="Vermont" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Vermont</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A928FF840472FE00CC79FE55" author="Grehan, J. R. &amp; Parker, B. L. &amp; Nielsen, G. R. &amp; Miller, D. H. &amp; Hedbor, J. D. &amp; Sabourin, M. &amp; Griggs, M. S." box="[811,1024,404,431]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="1 - 95" refId="ref14263" refString="Grehan, J. R., Parker, B. L., Nielsen, G. R., Miller, D. H., Hedbor, J. D., Sabourin, M. &amp; Griggs, M. S. (1995) Moths and butterflies of Vermont (Lepidoptera): a faunal checklist. University of Vermont Agricultural Experiment Station Miscellaneous Publication, 116, 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1995">
Grehan
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF8404DFFE01CBCEFE54" box="[902,951,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">et al</emphasis>
. 1995
</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA928FF84034CFE00CC12FE54" box="[1045,1131,404,430]" country="Canada" name="Quebec" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Quebec</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A928FF840320FE00CD57FE55" author="Handfield, L." box="[1145,1326,404,431]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="1 - 155" refId="ref14377" refString="Handfield, L. (1997) Liste des Lepidopteres du Quebec et du Labrador. Fabreries, Supplement 7, 1 - 155." type="journal article" year="1997">Handfield 1997</bibRefCitation>
), and
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA928FF840228FE01C8B3FE28" country="Canada" name="Ontario" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Ontario</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A928FF840780FE2CC9E8FE29" author="Pohl, G. R. &amp; Landry, J. - F. &amp; Schmidt, B. C. &amp; Lafontaine, J. D. &amp; Troubridge, J. T. &amp; Macaulay, A. D. &amp; van Nieukerken, E. J. &amp; deWaard, J. R. &amp; Dombroskie, J. J. &amp; Klymko, J. &amp; Nazari, V. &amp; Stead, K." box="[217,401,440,467]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="1 - 580" refId="ref15167" refString="Pohl, G. R., Landry, J. - F., Schmidt, B. C., Lafontaine, J. D., Troubridge, J. T., Macaulay, A. D., van Nieukerken, E. J., deWaard, J. R., Dombroskie, J. J., Klymko, J., Nazari, V. &amp; Stead, K. (2018) Annotated checklist of the moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) of Canada and Alaska. Series Faunistica, Pensoft, 118, 1 - 580." type="journal article" year="2018">
Pohl
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF84064CFE2DC934FE28" box="[277,333,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="384C36C9A928FF84079EFE49CBAAFDE1" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,935]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
In Winneshiek Co., Iowa, CSE has reared this species from
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA928FF840433FE48CBCAFE0C" box="[874,947,476,502]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF840433FE48CBCAFE0C" box="[874,947,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Ulmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<figureCitation id="A0C82A4CA928FF8404B3FE48CC0CFE0D" box="[1002,1141,476,503]" captionStart="FIGURES 27–29" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1465,1490]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,956,1439]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1435,956,1439]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 27–29. Phyllonorycter argentinotella reared from an underside tentiform mine on Ulmus sp. in Iowa. 27: Upper surface of mine; 28: Lower surface; 29: Adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3712971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3712971/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Figs. 27–29</figureCitation>
). In North Carolina (
<collectingCountry id="40E47659A928FF840239FE49C8BEFDE0" name="United Kingdom" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Scotland</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="40E47659A928FF8407A4FD94C945FDE0" box="[253,316,512,538]" name="Wake Island" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Wake</collectingCountry>
Cos.), CSE and T.S. Feldman have reared it from
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA928FF840429FD95CBB5FDE0" box="[880,972,512,538]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alata">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF840429FD95CBB5FDE0" box="[880,972,512,538]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">U. alata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70E96542A928FF84079EFDB0CC5BFC5D" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="384C36C9A928FF84079EFDB0CC5BFC5D" blockId="12.[151,1437,152,935]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF84079EFDB0C936FDC5" bold="true" box="[199,335,548,575]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Comments.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A928FF840601FDB0CA2CFDC5" author="Maier, C. T. &amp; Davis, D. R." box="[344,597,548,575]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref14841" refString="Maier, C. T. &amp; Davis, D. R. (1989) Southern New England host and distributional records of lithocolletine Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera), with comparison of host specificity in temperate regions. Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America, 70, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1989">Maier &amp; Davis (1989)</bibRefCitation>
stated that this species is apparently bivoltine, citing collections of mines in
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA928FF8407EDFDDCC942FD98" box="[180,315,584,610]" country="United States of America" name="Connecticut" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Connecticut</collectingRegion>
from 26 June to 15 July and from 28 September to 28 October. Consistent with these observations,
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A928FF8407CEFDF8C9FBFD7D" author="Godfrey, G. L. &amp; Cashatt, E. D. &amp; Glenn, M. O." box="[151,386,620,647]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref14197" refString="Godfrey, G. L., Cashatt, E. D. &amp; Glenn, M. O. (1987) Microlepidoptera from the Sandy Creek and Illinois River Region: an annotated checklist of the suborders Dacnonypha, Monotrysia, and Ditrysia (in part) (Insecta). Illinois Natural History Survey Special Publication, 7, 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="1987">
Godfrey
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF8407A2FDF9C952FD7C" box="[251,299,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">et al</emphasis>
. (1987)
</bibRefCitation>
reported adult flight dates in
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA928FF840591FDF8CB6EFD7C" box="[712,791,620,646]" country="United States of America" name="Illinois" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Illinois</collectingRegion>
of 23–25 May (including a reared specimen that overwintered as a pupa) and 5 August, with a reared specimen emerging on 25 August. In
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA928FF840372FD04CCAFFD50" box="[1067,1238,656,682]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
, mines have been collected on 21 June and 19 July with adults emerging on 23 June and 3 August, respectively, and mines of the last generation have been collected as early as 1 September with adults emerging the following spring. T.S. Feldman collected one underside tentiform mine on
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA928FF840522FD69CAA1FCEC" box="[635,728,764,790]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alata">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF840522FD69CAA1FCEC" box="[635,728,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">U. alata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Scotland Co. as early as 20 May, but the adult that emerged on 1 June proved to be
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA928FF8406FAFCB5CAA2FCC1" authority="(Frey &amp; Boll)" baseAuthorityName="Frey &amp; Boll" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[419,731,800,827]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occitanica">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF8406FAFCB5CA4CFCC0" box="[419,565,801,826]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">P. occitanica</emphasis>
(Frey &amp; Boll)
</taxonomicName>
, a species originally reared from
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA928FF840301FCB5CCC2FCC0" box="[1112,1211,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubra">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF840301FCB5CCC2FCC0" box="[1112,1211,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">U. rubra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA928FF8403B5FCB4CD0CFCC0" box="[1260,1397,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Tingidae" genus="Ulmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulva">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF8403B5FCB4CD0CFCC0" box="[1260,1397,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Ulmus fulva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) in
<collectingRegion id="FA37F82BA928FF8407CEFCD1C8A1FCA5" box="[151,216,837,863]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Texas</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C624B38A928FF8407BEFCD1C9C8FCA5" author="Frey, H. &amp; Boll, J." box="[231,433,836,863]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="209 - 228" refId="ref14069" refString="Frey, H. &amp; Boll, J. (1876) Einige Tineen aus Texas. Entomologische Zeitung, Stettin, 37, 209 - 228." type="journal article" year="1876">Frey &amp; Boll 1876</bibRefCitation>
) and with no subsequent literature records. In our experience the mine of
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA928FF8403ABFCD1CDFAFCA4" baseAuthorityName="Frey &amp; Boll" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1266,1411,837,862]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occitanica">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF8403ABFCD1CDFAFCA4" box="[1266,1411,837,862]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">P. occitanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is smooth to very finely wrinkled on the lower surface, whereas that of
<taxonomicName id="FFF34D4AA928FF8404FBFCFDCC25FC78" baseAuthorityName="Clemens" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[930,1116,872,898]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Phyllonorycter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argentinotella">
<emphasis id="0A87EADBA928FF8404FBFCFDCC25FC78" box="[930,1116,872,898]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">P. argentinotella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has several to many distinct creases and may cause a significant buckling or folding of the leaf (
<figureCitation id="A0C82A4CA928FF8404D5FC18CC6CFC5D" box="[908,1045,908,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 27–29" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1465,1490]" captionTargetBox="[151,1424,956,1439]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1435,956,1439]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 27–29. Phyllonorycter argentinotella reared from an underside tentiform mine on Ulmus sp. in Iowa. 27: Upper surface of mine; 28: Lower surface; 29: Adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3712971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3712971/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Figs. 27–28</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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