167 lines
13 KiB
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167 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.15.9587" ID-GBIF-Dataset="769a955d-d535-4402-86fb-884b3c123298" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873126" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-15-1" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-4049-15-1" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys 15" ModsDocTitle="New reports, phylogenetic analysis, and a key to Lactarius Pers. in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem informed by molecular data" checkinTime="1473366568713" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Barge, Edward G. & Cripps, Cathy L." docDate="2016" docId="D250E3AF951058D8A6237F9A377008E3" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 15: 1-58" docOrigin="MycoKeys 15" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.15.9587" docTitle="Lactarius alnicola A. H. Sm." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="FFD1F118FFEC24262B7BCF2E5547923D" masterDocTitle="New reports, phylogenetic analysis, and a key to Lactarius Pers. in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem informed by molecular data" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" updateTime="1643499973714" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New reports, phylogenetic analysis, and a key to Lactarius Pers. in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem informed by molecular data</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Barge, Edward G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cripps, Cathy L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>15</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>58</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.15.9587</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.15.9587</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-15-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873126" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D250E3AF951058D8A6237F9A377008E3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D250E3AF951058D8A6237F9A377008E3" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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15.
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<taxonomicName authority="A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
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Figure 17
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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Pileus 60-170 mm in diameter,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
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to infundibuliform, glutinous when wet, with matted fibrils beneath the gluten especially near the margin,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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faintly zonate, pale creamy yellow to pale
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<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–brown">yellow-brown</normalizedToken>
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to golden
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<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–brown">yellow-brown</normalizedToken>
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, discoloring
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<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
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to brown where damaged; margin
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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faintly tomentose, incurved when young, becoming straight to wavy. Lamellae subdecurrent to decurrent, some forked toward the stipe, crowded, pale cream to pale buff,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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slowly discoloring yellow and eventually
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<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
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where damaged. Stipe 20-60
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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30-50 mm, equal to clavate to tapering toward the base, smooth, dry, conspicuously scrobiculate, white, discoloring
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<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
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where damaged or in age, solid, becoming hollow. Context firm, white,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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slowly discoloring yellow to
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<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
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where damaged. Latex scarce
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<pageBreakToken pageId="31" pageNumber="32" start="start">to</pageBreakToken>
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undetectable, white,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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becoming very pale yellow, and slowly staining damaged tissue yellow. Odor mild to sweet. Taste quickly very acrid.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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Basidiospores 7.5-10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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6-8.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, Q = 1.2-1.5, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a partial reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 60-90
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3-8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, rare, mostly near the pileus and between the lamellae, cylindric to fusiform; apex acute to moniliform. Cheilomacrocystidia absent.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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In western North America and Mexico under conifers. Also reported from California with
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
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. In the GYE,
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
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occurs in wet areas, often along streams in the spruce-fir zone, possibly always in the presence of
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
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, summer and early fall.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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U.S.A. MONTANA: Gallatin County, Gallatin Range, Langhor Road, under
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
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, 27 Aug, EB0064-14 (MONT); Madison County, Tobacco Root Mountains, Branham Lakes, under
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
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, 1 Sept 2014, EB0067-14 (MONT).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
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is phylogenetically very closely related to the European
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="scrobiculatus">Lactarius scrobiculatus</taxonomicName>
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(Scop.) Fr., and may be conspecific, however more specimens need to be sequenced before making this determination final (Figure 2B). For morphological differences,
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="scrobiculatus">Lactarius scrobiculatus</taxonomicName>
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features a heavily bearded pileus margin, and produces white latex which rapidly turns yellow (
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<bibRefCitation author="Kytoevuori, I" journalOrPublisher="Karstenia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="41 - 72" title="LactariussubsectionScrobiculati in NW Europe." volume="24" year="1984">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kytövuori">Kytoevuori</normalizedToken>
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1984
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
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, and other members of
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsection" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subsection" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="subsection" species="subsection" subsection="Scrobiculati">subsection Scrobiculati</taxonomicName>
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Hesler & A.H. Sm. sensu
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<bibRefCitation author="Kytoevuori, I" journalOrPublisher="Karstenia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="41 - 72" title="LactariussubsectionScrobiculati in NW Europe." volume="24" year="1984">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kytövuori">Kytoevuori</normalizedToken>
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(1984)
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</bibRefCitation>
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form a strongly supported clade in the phylogeny (Figure 2B).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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Two varieties of
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
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have been described:
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola var. pitkinensis" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alnicola" variety="pitkinensis">Lactarius alnicola v. pitkinensis</taxonomicName>
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Hesler & A.H. Sm., described from Colorado under aspen and conifers, has cream colored to white basidiomes, an acrid taste, unchanging latex, and unchanging (non-yellowing) flesh;
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola var. pungens" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alnicola" variety="pungens">Lactarius alnicola v. pungens</taxonomicName>
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Hesler & A.H. Sm., described from Michigan in mixed forest, has a dull ochraceous to
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ochraceous–tan">ochraceous-tan</normalizedToken>
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, subviscid, glabrous pileus, an acrid taste, and white, unchanging latex, which stains white paper yellow (
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<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
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). Neither appear to fit the taxon described here.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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Figure 17.
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
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. Top and bottom collection EB0064-14 under
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
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, Gallatin Range, Montana, USA. Scale bars: 2 cm. Photos by E. Barge.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |