293 lines
38 KiB
XML
293 lines
38 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="A65DB9C24DCFE19007DB1AFAA49B9853">The identity of an elusive Chilean harvestman, Pachylus crassus (Roewer, 1943) (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae: Pachylinae), with taxonomic and distribution notes</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B3E427AA47A75E6BB8ED0430EC57611F">Acosta, Luis E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5A0A0BA005D6FA7262BB664C21D3AAC0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="5A4636AFFFE9EA4D09D6F8AED8EC3BE2" blockId="7.[151,841,1824,1851]" lastBlockId="7.[151,974,1896,1923]" pageId="7" pageNumber="141">
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<subSubSection id="12E36524FFE9EA4D09D6F8AED86B3B5B" box="[151,841,1824,1851]" pageId="7" pageNumber="141" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="010E81C3FFE9EA4D09D6F8AED86B3B5B" bold="true" box="[151,841,1824,1851]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="141" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE9EA4D09D6F8AED9763B5B" ID-CoL="9X5H2" authority="Gervais, 1849" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1849" box="[151,596,1824,1851]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthops">
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<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE9EA4D09D6F8AEDA823B5A" bold="true" box="[151,416,1824,1851]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="141">Gonyleptes acanthops</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE9EA4D08E6F8AED9763B5B" author="Gervais, P." box="[423,596,1824,1850]" pageId="7" pageNumber="141" pagination="5 - 52" refId="ref8326" refString="Gervais, P. (1849) Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia, vol. 4. Maulde & Renou, Paris, pp. 5 - 52. [Gervais, P.] (1854) Arachnideos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Vol. 2. E. Thunot & Cie, Paris, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1849">Gervais, 1849</bibRefCitation>
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, species inquirenda
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<paragraph id="5A4636AFFFE9EA4D09D6F823D8FE3BA4" blockId="7.[151,988,1965,2019]" box="[151,988,1965,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="141">
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<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE9EA4D09D6F823D93D3BA4" authority="Gervais 1849: 22" authorityName="Gervais" authorityPageNumber="22" authorityYear="1849" box="[151,543,1965,1989]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acantops">
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<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE9EA4D09D6F823DA483BA5" box="[151,362,1965,1989]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="141">Gonyleptes acantops</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE9EA4D0830F823D93D3BA4" author="Gervais, P." box="[369,543,1965,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="141" pagination="5 - 52" refId="ref8326" refString="Gervais, P. (1849) Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia, vol. 4. Maulde & Renou, Paris, pp. 5 - 52. [Gervais, P.] (1854) Arachnideos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Vol. 2. E. Thunot & Cie, Paris, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1849">Gervais 1849: 22</bibRefCitation>
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[presumed misprint in text: see
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<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE9EA4D0A27F823D8F43BA4" author="Kury, A. B." box="[870,982,1965,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="141" pagination="5 - 337" refId="ref8558" refString="Kury, A. B. (2003) Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, Volumen especial monografico, 1, 5 - 337." type="journal article" year="2003">Kury 2003</bibRefCitation>
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]
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<paragraph id="5A4636AFFFE9EA4D09D6F845D8F13B82" blockId="7.[151,988,1965,2019]" box="[151,979,1995,2019]" pageId="7" pageNumber="141">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="7AE91181FFE9EA4D09D6F845D8F13B82" box="[151,979,1995,2019]" pageId="7" pageNumber="141">
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<treatmentCitation id="DB5810BEFFE9EA4D09D6F845D9323B82" author="Gervais, P." box="[151,528,1995,2019]" pageId="7" pageNumber="141" year="1854">
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<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE9EA4D09D6F845D9323B82" ID-CoL="9X5H2" authority=": Gervais 1854" authorityName=": Gervais" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,528,1995,2019]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="7" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthops">
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<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE9EA4D09D6F845DA553B82" box="[151,375,1995,2019]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="141">Gonyleptes acanthops</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE9EA4D08C4F845D9323B82" box="[389,528,1995,2019]" pageId="7" pageNumber="141">Gervais 1854</bibRefCitation>
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: pl. 1, figs “
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<specimenCount id="4CFFFD26FFE9EA4D0BCDF845D9893B82" box="[652,683,1995,2019]" pageId="7" pageNumber="141" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
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”, 4a, “
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<specimenCount id="4CFFFD26FFE9EA4D0BB3F845D8313B82" box="[754,787,1995,2019]" pageId="7" pageNumber="141" type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
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” [=4c], d (not 4b).
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<paragraph id="5A4636AFFFE6EA4209D6FF19D90D3CAC" blockId="8.[151,1436,150,206]" pageId="8" pageNumber="142">
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<treatmentCitation id="DB5810BEFFE6EA4209D6FF19D90F3CCF" author="Sorensen, W." box="[151,557,150,175]" page="35" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" year="1902">
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<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE6EA4209D6FF19D90F3CCF" ID-CoL="7XT9M" authority=": Sorensen 1902: 35" authorityName=": Sorensen" authorityPageNumber="35" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,557,150,175]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthops">
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<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE6EA4209D6FF19DA403CCE" box="[151,354,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="142">Pachylus acanthops</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE6EA42082EFF19D90F3CCF" author="Sorensen, W." box="[367,557,150,175]" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" refId="ref9694" refString="Sorensen, W. (1902) Gonyleptiden (Opiliones Laniatores). Ergebnisse der Hamburger Magalhaensischen Sammelreise 1892 / 93. 2 (Arthropoden). L. Friederichsen & Co., Hamburg, 36 pp." type="book" year="1902">Sørensen 1902: 35</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="DB5810BEFFE6EA420B76FF19D9C43CCE" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[567,742,151,175]" page="40" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" year="1913">
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<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE6EA420B76FF19D9C43CCE" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[567,742,151,175]" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref9372" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1913) Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones-Laniatores. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 79 A (4 - 5), 1 - 472, pls 1 a - b." type="journal article" year="1913">Roewer 1913: 40</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 14 (
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<specimenCount id="4CFFFD26FFE6EA420A00FF19D8703CCE" box="[833,850,151,175]" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="DB5810BEFFE6EA420A26FF19DF2C3CCE" author="Canals, J." box="[871,1038,151,175]" page="69" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" year="1936">
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<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE6EA420A26FF19DF2C3CCE" author="Canals, J." box="[871,1038,151,175]" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" pagination="68 - 71" refId="ref7852" refString="Canals, J. (1936) Los Opiliones de Chile. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 39, 68 - 71." type="journal article" year="1936">Canals 1936: 69</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="DB5810BEFFE6EA420D59FF19DE0E3CCE" author="Soares, B. A. M. & Soares, H. E. M." box="[1048,1324,150,175]" page="283" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" year="1954">
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<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE6EA420D59FF19DE0E3CCE" author="Soares, B. A. M. & Soares, H. E. M." box="[1048,1324,150,175]" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" pagination="225 - 302" refId="ref9512" refString="Soares, B. A. M. & Soares, H. E. M. (1954) Monografia dos generos de opilioes neotropicos III. Arquivos de Zoologia do Estado de Sao Paulo, 8 (9), 225 - 302." type="journal article" year="1954">Soares & Soares 1954: 283</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="DB5810BEFFE6EA420C74FF19DA343CAC" author="Cekalovic K." page="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" year="1968">
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<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE6EA420C74FF19DA343CAC" author="Cekalovic K." pageId="8" pageNumber="142" pagination="5 - 11" refId="ref8084" refString="Cekalovic K., T. (1968) Conocimiento actual de los opiliones chilenos. Noticiario mensual del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Chile, 12 (138), 5 - 11." type="journal article" year="1968">Cekalovic 1968: 8</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DB5810BEFFE6EA420860FF3BDA5F3CAC" author="Cekalovic K." box="[289,381,181,205]" page="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" year="1985">
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<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE6EA420860FF3BDA5F3CAC" author="Cekalovic K." box="[289,381,181,205]" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" pagination="7 - 29" refId="ref8120" refString="Cekalovic K., T. (1985) Catalogo de los opiliones de Chile (Arachnida). Boletin de la Sociedad de Biologia de Concepcion, 56, 7 - 29." type="journal article" year="1985">1985: 21</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="DB5810BEFFE6EA4208C9FF38D9093CAC" author="Kury, A. B." box="[392,555,181,206]" page="183" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" year="2003">
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<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE6EA4208C9FF38D9093CAC" author="Kury, A. B." box="[392,555,181,206]" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" pagination="5 - 337" refId="ref8558" refString="Kury, A. B. (2003) Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, Volumen especial monografico, 1, 5 - 337." type="journal article" year="2003">Kury 2003: 183</bibRefCitation>
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="0E866627FFE6EA4209D6F9FEDA693A95" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4926761" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4926761" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4926761/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" startId="8.[151,264,1648,1672]" targetBox="[189,1398,266,1625]" targetPageId="8">
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<paragraph id="5A4636AFFFE6EA4209D6F9FEDA693A95" blockId="8.[151,1437,1648,1781]" pageId="8" pageNumber="142">
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<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE6EA4209D6F9FEDA6F3AE9" bold="true" box="[151,333,1648,1672]" pageId="8" pageNumber="142">FIGURES 4A–F.</emphasis>
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||
Comparison of diagnostic features between
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||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE6EA420A50F9FED8E23AE9" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1943" box="[785,960,1648,1672]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassus">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE6EA420A50F9FED8E23AE9" box="[785,960,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="142">Pachylus crassus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(A, C, E; male from Los Queñes, AMNH) and
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||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE6EA4209D6F91BDA783ACD" authorityName="Munoz" authorityYear="1969" box="[151,346,1684,1708]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="8" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinamavidensis">
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||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE6EA4209D6F91BDA783ACD" box="[151,346,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="142">P. quinamavidensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(B, D, F; male from Vilches, CDA 000.910). A–B Concavity in posterior margin of stigmatic segment, outline and armature. C–D Trochanter IV, dorsal. E–F Patella IV, retrolateral (with retroventral apophyses absent [E] and present [F]). Not to scale.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="0E866627FFE7EA4309D6FA22D92B3A19" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4926763" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4926763" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4926763/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" startId="9.[151,250,1452,1476]" targetBox="[153,1428,185,1423]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="5A4636AFFFE7EA4309D6FA22D92B3A19" blockId="9.[151,1437,1452,1656]" pageId="9" pageNumber="143">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE7EA4309D6FA22DA3439A5" bold="true" box="[151,278,1452,1476]" pageId="9" pageNumber="143">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Map of central Chile giving an overview of the distribution of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE7EA430D6BFA22DFA539A5" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1839" box="[1066,1159,1452,1476]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE7EA430D6BFA22DFA539A5" box="[1066,1159,1452,1476]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="143">Pachylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE7EA430DD9FA23DE2239A5" baseAuthorityName="Roewer" baseAuthorityYear="1943" box="[1176,1280,1453,1476]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassus">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE7EA430DD9FA23DE2239A5" box="[1176,1280,1453,1476]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="143">P. crassus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(blue dots),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE7EA430CCBFA23DA633989" authorityName="Munoz" authorityYear="1969" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinamavidensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE7EA430CCBFA23DA633989" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="143">P. quinamavidensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(orange dots), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE7EA430B49FA5ED9B43989" box="[520,662,1488,1512]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE7EA430B49FA5ED9473989" box="[520,613,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="143">Pachylus</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE7EA430B9FFA5ED8153989" box="[734,823,1488,1512]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE7EA430B9FFA5ED8153989" box="[734,823,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="143">chilensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group (red dots). Administrative regions are labelled on the sides. Abbreviations: CAU—Cauquenes Province; CCR—Cardenal Caro Province; COL—Colchagua Province; CON—Concepción Province; CUR—Curicó Province; LIN—Linares Province; Metrop. Reg.—Metropolitan Region of Santiago; Reg.— Region; TAL—Talca Province. Color gradient: below (light brown) and above (dark brown) 1000 m elevation. Inset: location of the represented area within Chile.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="12E36524FFE7EA4009D6F928D9E33E00" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="5A4636AFFFE7EA4009D6F928D9E33E00" blockId="9.[151,1437,1702,2017]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,609]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="9" pageNumber="143">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE7EA4309D6F928DA2F3AA1" bold="true" box="[151,269,1702,1728]" pageId="9" pageNumber="143">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
The recurrent inclusion of this “ghost species” in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE7EA430A0DF928D8913AA1" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1839" box="[844,947,1702,1728]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE7EA430A0DF928D8913AA1" box="[844,947,1702,1728]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="143">Pachylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be a case of “nomenclatural remainder”, which persisted after the generic definition was refined (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE7EA430ACAF944DF043A85" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[907,1062,1738,1764]" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref9372" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1913) Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones-Laniatores. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 79 A (4 - 5), 1 - 472, pls 1 a - b." type="journal article" year="1913">Roewer 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), just because it was unrecognizable. The current combination was proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE7EA430BEFF960D84A3B69" author="Sorensen, W." box="[686,872,1774,1800]" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" refId="ref9694" refString="Sorensen, W. (1902) Gonyleptiden (Opiliones Laniatores). Ergebnisse der Hamburger Magalhaensischen Sammelreise 1892 / 93. 2 (Arthropoden). L. Friederichsen & Co., Hamburg, 36 pp." type="book" year="1902">Sørensen (1902)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, to whom the species was unknown (“species mihi incognita”), a decision simply followed by subsequent authors (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE7EA430A24F89CD8C63B4D" author="Kury, A. B." box="[869,996,1810,1836]" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" pagination="5 - 337" refId="ref8558" refString="Kury, A. B. (2003) Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, Volumen especial monografico, 1, 5 - 337." type="journal article" year="2003">Kury 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). By detecting inconsistencies between text and figures,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE7EA43081DF8B8D91C3B31" author="Sorensen, W." box="[348,574,1846,1872]" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" refId="ref9694" refString="Sorensen, W. (1902) Gonyleptiden (Opiliones Laniatores). Ergebnisse der Hamburger Magalhaensischen Sammelreise 1892 / 93. 2 (Arthropoden). L. Friederichsen & Co., Hamburg, 36 pp." type="book" year="1902">Sørensen (1902: 20</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, “descriptio et figura 4 eandem speciem non representant”) concluded that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE7EA4309D6F8D4DA193B15" author="Gervais, P." box="[151,315,1882,1908]" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" pagination="5 - 52" refId="ref8326" refString="Gervais, P. (1849) Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia, vol. 4. Maulde & Renou, Paris, pp. 5 - 52. [Gervais, P.] (1854) Arachnideos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Vol. 2. E. Thunot & Cie, Paris, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1849">Gervais (1849</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 1854) must have referred fig. 4 to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE7EA430B8EF8D5D8443B15" authorityName=": Sorensen" authorityYear="1902" box="[719,870,1882,1909]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthops">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE7EA430B8EF8D5D8443B15" box="[719,870,1882,1909]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="143">G. acanthops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by mistake, because it supposedly corresponds to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE7EA4309D6F8F0D93A3BF9" authority="Gervais, 1849" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1849" box="[151,536,1918,1944]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE7EA4309D6F8F0DA553BF9" box="[151,375,1918,1944]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="143">Gonyleptes bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE7EA43083DF8F0D93A3BF9" author="Gervais, P." box="[380,536,1918,1944]" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" pagination="5 - 52" refId="ref8326" refString="Gervais, P. (1849) Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia, vol. 4. Maulde & Renou, Paris, pp. 5 - 52. [Gervais, P.] (1854) Arachnideos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Vol. 2. E. Thunot & Cie, Paris, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1849">Gervais, 1849</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
instead (assigned by Sørensen in 1902 to his new genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE7EA430DC6F8F0DE213BF9" box="[1159,1283,1918,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Lycomedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE7EA430DC6F8F0DE213BF9" box="[1159,1283,1918,1944]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="143">Lycomedes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). For
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE7EA430C04F8F1DBC63BDD" author="Roewer, C. F." pageId="9" pageNumber="143" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref9372" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1913) Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones-Laniatores. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 79 A (4 - 5), 1 - 472, pls 1 a - b." type="journal article" year="1913">Roewer (1913)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE7EA4308E6F82DD91E3BDD" authorityName=": Sorensen" authorityYear="1902" box="[423,572,1954,1981]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthops">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE7EA4308E6F82DD91E3BDD" box="[423,572,1954,1981]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="143">G. acanthops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be an “unsichere Art” (uncertain species), only the figure labelled as “
|
||
<specimenCount id="4CFFFD26FFE7EA430C2CF82CDEB23BDD" box="[1389,1424,1954,1980]" pageId="9" pageNumber="143" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
” can be linked to this species. However, the alleged mismatch is probably only true for Gervais’ (1854) figure 4b (lateral view of a male), while figures “
|
||
<specimenCount id="4CFFFD26FFE4EA400B66FF19D96C3CD0" box="[551,590,151,177]" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
|
||
”, “
|
||
<specimenCount id="4CFFFD26FFE4EA400B33FF19D9B73CD0" box="[626,661,151,177]" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
” (general views of a male and a female) correspond with the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE4EA4009A9FF35DA5F3CB4" authorityName=": Sorensen" authorityYear="1902" box="[232,381,187,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthops">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE4EA4009A9FF35DA5F3CB4" box="[232,381,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="144">G. acanthops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
quite well. For example, dorsal scutum and lateral areas are described as “scarcely granulous” in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE4EA4009F2FF51DA133C98" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1849" box="[179,305,223,249]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE4EA4009F2FF51DA133C98" box="[179,305,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="144">G. bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, contrary to what Gervais’ (1854) figures “
|
||
<specimenCount id="4CFFFD26FFE4EA400A50FF51D8153C98" box="[785,823,223,249]" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
|
||
”, “
|
||
<specimenCount id="4CFFFD26FFE4EA400A1AFF51D85C3C98" box="[859,894,223,249]" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
” display: they look clearly granulous, like given in the diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE4EA40082CFE8DD9213D7C" authorityName=": Sorensen" authorityYear="1902" box="[365,515,259,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthops">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE4EA40082CFE8DD9213D7C" box="[365,515,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="144">G. acanthops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The general color shown in the figures is that described for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE4EA400DEEFE8DDE663D7C" authorityName=": Sorensen" authorityYear="1902" box="[1199,1348,259,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthops">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE4EA400DEEFE8DDE663D7C" box="[1199,1348,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="144">G. acanthops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(greenish), not that given for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE4EA4008DFFEA9D93F3D20" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1849" box="[414,541,295,321]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Gonyleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE4EA4008DFFEA9D93F3D20" box="[414,541,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="144">G. bicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(auburn-cinnamon-colored). The only misleading feature seems to be Gervais’ (1849) statement “intra oculos unispinigero” (one spine between eyes), referring to
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE4EA400D75FEC5DFED3D04" box="[1076,1231,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE4EA400D75FEC5DFEE3D04" authorityName=": Sorensen" authorityYear="1902" box="[1076,1228,331,357]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthops">G. acanthops</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
This feature alone appeared to be enough for
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE4EA40088BFEE1D9A63DE8" author="Sorensen, W." box="[458,644,367,393]" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" refId="ref9694" refString="Sorensen, W. (1902) Gonyleptiden (Opiliones Laniatores). Ergebnisse der Hamburger Magalhaensischen Sammelreise 1892 / 93. 2 (Arthropoden). L. Friederichsen & Co., Hamburg, 36 pp." type="book" year="1902">Sørensen (1902)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to include the species in his wide concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE4EA400DCEFEE1DFD43DE8" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1839" box="[1167,1270,367,393]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE4EA400DCEFEE1DFD43DE8" box="[1167,1270,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="144">Pachylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as wide as to harbor species now belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE4EA400B4EFE1DD8193DCC" authority="Roewer, 1913" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1913" box="[527,827,403,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Metagyndes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE4EA400B4EFE1DD9B43DCC" box="[527,662,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="144">Metagyndes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE4EA400BDFFE1DD8193DCC" author="Roewer, C. F." box="[670,827,403,429]" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" pagination="4 - 5" refId="ref9372" refString="Roewer, C. F. (1913) Die Familie der Gonyleptiden der Opiliones-Laniatores. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 79 A (4 - 5), 1 - 472, pls 1 a - b." type="journal article" year="1913">Roewer, 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE4EA400A32FE1DDF993DCC" authority="Loman, 1899" authorityName="Loman" authorityYear="1899" box="[883,1211,403,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Acanthoprocta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE4EA400A32FE1DDF3A3DCC" box="[883,1048,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="144">Acanthoprocta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE4EA400D60FE1DDF993DCC" author="Loman, J. C. C." box="[1057,1211,403,429]" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref8718" refString="Loman, J. C. C. (1899) Die Opilioniden der Sammlung Plate. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Supplement-Band 4 (Fauna Chilensis), 2 (1), 1 - 14, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1899">Loman, 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). In any case, a few conclusions can be drawn here: (1) Gervais’ (1854) figures “
|
||
<specimenCount id="4CFFFD26FFE4EA400A7BFE39D8423DB0" box="[826,864,439,465]" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
|
||
” and “
|
||
<specimenCount id="4CFFFD26FFE4EA400AECFE39D8F23DB0" box="[941,976,439,465]" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
|
||
” are likely pertinent to the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE4EA4009D6FE55DA0F3D94" authorityName=": Sorensen" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,301,475,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthops">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE4EA4009D6FE55DA0F3D94" box="[151,301,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="144">G. acanthops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
given in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE4EA4008D8FE55D9673D94" author="Gervais, P." box="[409,581,475,501]" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" pagination="5 - 52" refId="ref8326" refString="Gervais, P. (1849) Aracnidos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia, vol. 4. Maulde & Renou, Paris, pp. 5 - 52. [Gervais, P.] (1854) Arachnideos. In: Gay, C. (Ed.), Atlas de la Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Vol. 2. E. Thunot & Cie, Paris, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1849">Gervais (1849)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, (2) the depicted specimens have no match with
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE4EA400D2EFE55DFFF3D94" box="[1135,1245,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE4EA400D2EFE55DFFA3D94" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1839" box="[1135,1240,475,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pachylus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
so
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE4EA400C47FE55DEBE3D94" authorityName=": Sorensen" authorityYear="1902" box="[1286,1436,475,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthops">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE4EA400C47FE55DEBE3D94" box="[1286,1436,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="144">G. acanthops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is accordingly removed from this genus, (3) except for the ocularium,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE4EA400AF8FE71DF6D3E78" authorityName=": Sorensen" authorityYear="1902" box="[953,1103,511,537]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Pachylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthops">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE4EA400AF8FE71DF6D3E78" box="[953,1103,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="144">G. acanthops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a faint resemblance with the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE4EA40084AFDADD9023E5C" authority="Sorensen, 1886" authorityName="Sorensen" authorityYear="1886" box="[267,544,547,573]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" genus="Sadocus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="688DEABDFFE4EA40084AFDADDA4A3E5C" box="[267,360,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="144">Sadocus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E684B5EFFE4EA400831FDADD9023E5C" author="Sorensen, W." box="[368,544,547,573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" pagination="5 - 6" refId="ref9638" refString="Sorensen, W. (1886) Opiliones. In: Koch, L. & Keyserling, E. (Eds.), Die Arachniden Australiens nach der Natur beschrieben und abgebildet. Vol. 2. Bauer & Raspe, Nurnberg, pp. 53 - 86, pls 5 - 6." type="book chapter" year="1886">Sørensen, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but as its identity is for the time being unresolved, its systematic placement is currently considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DF94D2CFFE4EA4008C5FDC9D9393E00" authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1833" box="[388,539,583,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Gonyleptidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="10" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gonyleptidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
incertae sedis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |