620 lines
85 KiB
XML
620 lines
85 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="AA6DE658CB55E7760B1BE8FD6426F5E9">Dendrochirotid holothurians (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida) including four new species, from off Misaki, Japan</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="E5643688FFB20C62D7A2FC82E33E8C10" blockId="18.[151,797,838,934]" box="[151,797,838,864]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
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<heading id="BE2C81E4FFB20C62D7A2FC82E33E8C10" bold="true" box="[151,797,838,864]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB20C62D7A2FC82E33E8C10" bold="true" box="[151,797,838,864]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
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<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB20C62D7A2FC82E2AC8C10" ID-CoL="4P7VK" authority="(Liao, 1997)" authorityName="Yamana & Kohtsuka" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="Liao" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[151,655,838,864]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Pseudoplacothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ohshimai" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB20C62D7A2FC82E1D18C10" bold="true" box="[151,498,838,864]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB20C62D537FC82E2A48C10" box="[514,647,838,864]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" refId="ref11180" refString="Liao, Y. (1997) Fauna Sinica. Phylum Echinodermata, Class Holothuroidea. Science Press Beijing, 334 pp." type="book">Liao, 1997</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="CC9C57E1FFB20C62D5A2FC82E33E8C10" box="[663,797,838,864]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="E5643688FFB20C62D7A2FCAEE2BA8CF2" blockId="18.[151,797,838,934]" box="[151,665,873,898]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">[New Japanese name: Ohshima-gumimodoki]</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ADC16503FFB20C62D7A2FC49E1558CD6" box="[151,374,909,934]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E5643688FFB20C62D7A2FC49E1558CD6" blockId="18.[151,797,838,934]" box="[151,374,909,934]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
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(
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<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFB20C62D7AAFC49E0DB8CD6" box="[159,248,909,934]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[199,1397,199,1836]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[193,1400,195,1838]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lateral views of the specimens, dorsal upper, anterior left. A, Amphicyclus japonicus Bell, 1884, (a) WMNH-INV- 2015-13, (b) -2015-14, (c) -2015-311, (d) -2015-312; B, Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov., (e) WMNH-INV-2016-208, (f) - 2016-209; C, Pseudocolochirus misakiensis sp. nov., (g) WMNH-INV-2015-348, (h) -2015-349, (i) -2015-350; D, Hemiocnus tegulatus (Augustin, 1908) comb. nov., (j) WMNH-INV-2015-378, (k) -2015-379; E, Lipotrapeza purpurata sp. nov., (l) WMNH-INV-2015-38, (m) -2015-39, (n) -2015-40; F, Pentamera misakiensis sp. nov., (o) WMNH-INV-2015-34, (p) -2015- 35, (q) -2015-36; G, Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov., (r) WMNH-INV-2015-9, (s) -2015-10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457429/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Figs 1G</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFB20C62D631FC4AE1058CD6" box="[260,294,910,934]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1810,1832]" captionTargetBox="[240,1366,199,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[212,1376,193,1795]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Elements of calcareous rings, viewed from body cavity, anterior upper. A, Amphicyclus japonicus Bell, 1884 (WMNH-INV-2015-14); B, Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov. (WMNH-INV-2016-208); C, Pseudocolochirus misakiensis sp. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-350); D, Hemiocnus tegulatus (Augustin, 1908) comb. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-379); E, Lipotrapeza purpurata sp. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-39); Pentamera misakiensis sp. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-34); Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-9). Abbreviations: ld, left-dorsal part; lv, left-ventral part; md, mid-dorsal part; mv, mid-ventral part; rd, right-dorsal part; rv, right-ventral part; -ir, inter radial element; -r, radial element." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457431/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">2G</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFB20C62D604FC4AE14D8CD6" box="[305,366,910,934]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1425,199,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[164,1429,193,1855]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 9. SEM image of ossicles of Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov. (A–J, WMNH-INV- 2015-9). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, extra large ossicles of body wall on the dorsal side; I, the ventrolateral anal papilla; J, the gonad tubles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457447/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">9A–J</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="ADC16503FFB20C62D7A2FC12E2B28B16" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" type="reference_group">
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<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB20C62D7A2FC12E2188C9B" authority=": Ohshima 1915: 265" authorityName="Ohshima" authorityPageNumber="265" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,571,981,1003]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Cucumaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mosaica">
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<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB20C62D7A2FC12E1408C9B" box="[151,355,982,1003]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Cucumaria mosaica</emphasis>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="647A1099FFB20C62D645FC11E2188C9B" author="" box="[368,571,981,1003]" page="265" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
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<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB20C62D645FC11E22B8C9B" box="[368,520,981,1003]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" refId="ref11641" refString="Ohshima, H. (1915) Report on the holothurians collected by the United States Fisheries Steamer " ALBATROSS " in the Northwestern Pacific during the summer of 1906. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 48, 213 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.48 - 2073.213" type="journal article">Ohshima 1915</bibRefCitation>
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: 265
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E5643688FFB20C62D7A2FC30E29D8B7A" blockId="18.[151,1436,981,1187]" box="[151,702,1012,1034]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="C5CB11A6FFB20C62D7A2FC30E29D8B7A" box="[151,702,1012,1034]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
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<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB20C62D7A2FC30E2668B7A" authority=": Ohshima 1918 a: 279" authorityName="Ohshima" authorityPageNumber="279" authorityYear="1918" box="[151,581,1012,1034]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Cucumaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mosaica">
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<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB20C62D7A2FC30E1408B7A" box="[151,355,1012,1034]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Cucumaria mosaica</emphasis>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="647A1099FFB20C62D645FC30E2668B7A" author="" box="[368,581,1012,1034]" page="279" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
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<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB20C62D645FC30E2378B7A" box="[368,532,1012,1034]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" refId="ref11700" refString="Ohshima, H. (1918 a) [Holothuroidea in northwest Pacific. XIII]. Dobutsugaku Zasshi, 30 (357), 274 - 281. [in Japanese]" type="journal article">Ohshima 1918a</bibRefCitation>
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: 279
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 65 a–i.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E5643688FFB20C62D7A2FBD7E3A88B58" blockId="18.[151,1436,981,1187]" box="[151,907,1042,1064]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="C5CB11A6FFB20C62D7A2FBD7E3A88B58" box="[151,907,1042,1064]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
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<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB20C62D7A2FBD7E1428B58" box="[151,353,1043,1064]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Pentamera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mosaica">
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<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB20C62D7A2FBD7E1428B58" box="[151,353,1043,1064]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Pentamera mosaica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Ohshima non Koehler & Vaney):
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<treatmentCitation id="647A1099FFB20C62D5F1FBD6E3A58B58" author="" box="[708,902,1042,1064]" page="465" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
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<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB20C62D5F1FBD6E3708B58" box="[708,851,1042,1064]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" refId="ref11918" refString="Panning, A. (1949) Versuch einer Neuordnung der Familie Cucumariidae (Holothurioidea, Dendrochirota). Zoologischen Jahrbuchern, 78, 404 - 470." type="journal article">Panning 1949</bibRefCitation>
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: 465
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E5643688FFB20C62D7A2FBF5E41C8B37" blockId="18.[151,1436,981,1187]" box="[151,1087,1073,1095]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="C5CB11A6FFB20C62D7A2FBF5E41C8B37" box="[151,1087,1073,1095]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
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<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB20C62D7A2FBF5E2388B37" authority="Liao, 1997: 225" authorityName="Liao" authorityPageNumber="225" authorityYear="1997" box="[151,539,1073,1095]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Placothuriidae" genus="Placothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ohshimai">
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<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB20C62D7A2FBF5E1508B37" box="[151,371,1073,1095]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Placothuria ohshimai</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="647A1099FFB20C62D64CFBF5E2388B37" author="" box="[377,539,1073,1095]" page="225" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
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<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB20C62D64CFBF5E1C98B37" box="[377,490,1073,1095]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" refId="ref11180" refString="Liao, Y. (1997) Fauna Sinica. Phylum Echinodermata, Class Holothuroidea. Science Press Beijing, 334 pp." type="book">Liao, 1997</bibRefCitation>
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: 225
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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–227, fig. 135 (also see
|
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<treatmentCitation id="647A1099FFB20C62D438FBF5E4288B37" author="" box="[781,1035,1073,1095]" page="85" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
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<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB20C62D438FBF5E3C48B37" box="[781,999,1073,1095]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" refId="ref11203" refString="Liao, Y. & Pawson, D. L. (2001) Dendrochirote and dactylochirote sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) of China, with descriptions of eight new species. Proceedings of the biological society of Washington, 114, 58 - 90." type="journal article">Liao & Pawson 2001</bibRefCitation>
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: 85
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–87).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E5643688FFB20C62D7A2FB95E2B28B16" blockId="18.[151,1436,981,1187]" box="[151,657,1104,1126]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="C5CB11A6FFB20C62D7A2FB95E2B28B16" box="[151,657,1104,1126]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
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<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB20C62D7A2FB95E1258B16" ID-CoL="7PQR7" authorityName="Ayres" authorityYear="1852" box="[151,262,1105,1126]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Pentamera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB20C62D7A2FB95E1258B16" box="[151,262,1105,1126]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Pentamera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.:
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<treatmentCitation id="647A1099FFB20C62D603FB94E2118B16" author="" box="[310,562,1104,1126]" page="23" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB20C62D603FB94E22E8B16" box="[310,525,1104,1126]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" refId="ref11766" refString="Okanishi, M., Sentoku, A., Fujimoto, S., Jimi, N., Nakayama, R., Yamana, Y., Yamauchi, H., Tanaka, H., Kato, T., Kahio, S., Uyeno, D., Yamamoto, K., Miyazaki, K. & Asakura, A. (2016) Marine benthic community in Shirahama, southwestern Kii Peninsula, central Japan. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 44, 7 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 217458" type="journal article">
|
||
Okanishi
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB20C62D6ADFB95E1E68B16" box="[408,453,1104,1126]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 23
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFB20C62D508FB94E2AD8B16" box="[573,654,1104,1126]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[180,1415,197,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[176,1416,193,1900]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 8. SEM image of ossicles of Pentamera misakiensis sp. nov. (A–H, WMNH-INV-2015-34). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, ventrolateral anal papilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457445/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Fig. 8K</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ADC16503FFB20C62D7A2FBB4E1AE8BD3" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFB20C62D7A2FBB4E1AE8BD3" blockId="18.[151,1436,981,1187]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB20C62D7A2FBB4E09E8BF5" box="[151,189,1136,1157]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">non</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB20C62D7FEFBABE29A8BF4" authority="Koehler & Vaney, 1910: 98" authorityName="Koehler & Vaney" authorityPageNumber="98" authorityYear="1910" box="[203,697,1134,1157]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Cucumaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mosaica">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB20C62D7FEFBABE1BB8BF5" box="[203,408,1135,1157]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Cucumaria mosaica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB20C62D6AAFBAAE2B78BF4" box="[415,660,1134,1156]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" refId="ref10988" refString="Koehler, R. & Vaney, C. (1910) Description d'Holothuries nouvelles appartenant au Musee Indien. Records of the Indian Museum, V (1910), 89 - 103." type="journal article">Koehler & Vaney, 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 98
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–99, Pl. II, figs 1–5. =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB20C62D497FBAAE5BA8BF4" authority="(Koehler & Vaney, 1910)" authorityName="Koehler & Vaney" authorityYear="1910" baseAuthorityName="Koehler & Vaney" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[930,1433,1134,1157]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Pseudothyone" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mosaica">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB20C62D497FBAAE4AF8BF5" box="[930,1164,1134,1157]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Pseudothyone mosaica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB20C62D3ACFBAAE5B28BF4" box="[1177,1425,1134,1156]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" refId="ref10988" refString="Koehler, R. & Vaney, C. (1910) Description d'Holothuries nouvelles appartenant au Musee Indien. Records of the Indian Museum, V (1910), 89 - 103." type="journal article">Koehler & Vaney, 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB20C62D7F2FB49E1758BD3" box="[199,342,1165,1187]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" refId="ref11918" refString="Panning, A. (1949) Versuch einer Neuordnung der Familie Cucumariidae (Holothurioidea, Dendrochirota). Zoologischen Jahrbuchern, 78, 404 - 470." type="journal article">Panning 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 456.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ADC16503FFB20C62D7A2FB0BE47D8A7C" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFB20C62D7A2FB0BE47D8A7C" blockId="18.[151,1437,1231,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB20C62D7A2FB0BE1A08B98" bold="true" box="[151,387,1231,1256]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
1 specimen, WMNH-INV-2015-9 (St.
|
||
<date id="91651048FFB20C62D47CFB14E3FC8B98" box="[841,991,1231,1256]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" value="1926-08-01">1, 26 August</date>
|
||
2014, length
|
||
<quantity id="22239B6DFFB20C62D3B7FB14E4F48B97" box="[1154,1239,1232,1256]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" unit="mm" value="21.0">21 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="22239B6DFFB20C62D21AFB14E5548B98" box="[1327,1399,1232,1256]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
); 1 specimen, WMNH-INV-2015-10 (St.
|
||
<date id="91651048FFB20C62D50AFB30E2EC8A7C" box="[575,719,1268,1293]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" value="1926-08-01">1, 26 August</date>
|
||
2014, length
|
||
<quantity id="22239B6DFFB20C62D45CFB30E3998A7C" box="[873,954,1268,1292]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="22239B6DFFB20C62D339FB30E4718A7C" box="[1036,1106,1268,1292]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ADC16503FFB20C63D7F2FAD3E1E38DD8" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="448" pageId="18" pageNumber="447" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFB20C62D7F2FAD3E4E6895D" blockId="18.[151,1437,1231,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB20C62D7F2FAD3E17A8A40" bold="true" box="[199,345,1303,1328]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body fusiform to barrel-shaped, with both ends turned upwards (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFB20C62D370FAD3E4BC8A40" box="[1093,1183,1303,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[199,1397,199,1836]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[193,1400,195,1838]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lateral views of the specimens, dorsal upper, anterior left. A, Amphicyclus japonicus Bell, 1884, (a) WMNH-INV- 2015-13, (b) -2015-14, (c) -2015-311, (d) -2015-312; B, Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov., (e) WMNH-INV-2016-208, (f) - 2016-209; C, Pseudocolochirus misakiensis sp. nov., (g) WMNH-INV-2015-348, (h) -2015-349, (i) -2015-350; D, Hemiocnus tegulatus (Augustin, 1908) comb. nov., (j) WMNH-INV-2015-378, (k) -2015-379; E, Lipotrapeza purpurata sp. nov., (l) WMNH-INV-2015-38, (m) -2015-39, (n) -2015-40; F, Pentamera misakiensis sp. nov., (o) WMNH-INV-2015-34, (p) -2015- 35, (q) -2015-36; G, Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov., (r) WMNH-INV-2015-9, (s) -2015-10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457429/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Fig. 1G</figureCitation>
|
||
); body wall thin, hard and rough. Body and introvert nearest to body white or cream-white (living and preserved specimens). Tentacles and introvert nearest to tentacle base, pale brown (living and preserved specimens). Tentacles 10, in single circle, two ventral tentacles smaller. Several rows of villi-like projections surrounding oral opening, villi short and thick. Pedicels non-retractile, thin, in two rows along each radius throughout body length, lacking on introvert, mostly white or cream-white but pale brown in mid-ventral region (living and preserved animals). Pedicels become gradually smaller anteriorly and posteriorly, each row with approximately 44–60 pedicels in ventral three radii, approximately 29–37 pedicels in dorsal two radii. Five anal papillae and five anal teeth in radii.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFB20C62D7F2F9F3E15A8990" blockId="18.[151,1437,1231,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
|
||
Calcareous ring long, complex, with paired posterior, weakly fragmented prolongations; radial and interradial plates not fragmented (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFB20C62D6A9F998E1D48904" box="[412,503,1628,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1810,1832]" captionTargetBox="[240,1366,199,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[212,1376,193,1795]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Elements of calcareous rings, viewed from body cavity, anterior upper. A, Amphicyclus japonicus Bell, 1884 (WMNH-INV-2015-14); B, Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov. (WMNH-INV-2016-208); C, Pseudocolochirus misakiensis sp. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-350); D, Hemiocnus tegulatus (Augustin, 1908) comb. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-379); E, Lipotrapeza purpurata sp. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-39); Pentamera misakiensis sp. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-34); Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-9). Abbreviations: ld, left-dorsal part; lv, left-ventral part; md, mid-dorsal part; mv, mid-ventral part; rd, right-dorsal part; rv, right-ventral part; -ir, inter radial element; -r, radial element." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457431/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Radial elements elongated, each with an anterior notch. Interradial elements also long but without posterior prolongations but with slight anterior projection bearing a weakly developed notch. Polian vesicle and stone canal single. Gonad in mid-body, in two clusters, one on each side of dorsal mesentery, tubules unbranched.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFB20C62D7F2F928E4EE88C8" blockId="18.[151,1437,1231,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
|
||
Body wall ossicles as abundant two-pillared tables and lens-shaped bodies. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFB20C62D315F928E4978874" box="[1056,1204,1772,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1425,199,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[164,1429,193,1855]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 9. SEM image of ossicles of Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov. (A–J, WMNH-INV- 2015-9). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, extra large ossicles of body wall on the dorsal side; I, the ventrolateral anal papilla; J, the gonad tubles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457447/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Fig. 9F, G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="A8590333FFB20C62D3F5F928E5378874" box="[1216,1300,1772,1797]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,239,728,751]" captionText="TABLE 7. Measurements (µm) of ossicles from two specimens of Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov." pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Table 7</tableCitation>
|
||
). Table disc basically with 4 large central perforations and approximately 10–20 smaller, marginal ones; spire low, with one cross-beam and approximately 10–12 teeth on top. Lens-shaped ossicles, biconvex, thick, mesh-like; many intermediates between the two present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFB20C62D56FF893E2F08800" box="[602,723,1879,1904]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1425,199,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[164,1429,193,1855]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 9. SEM image of ossicles of Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov. (A–J, WMNH-INV- 2015-9). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, extra large ossicles of body wall on the dorsal side; I, the ventrolateral anal papilla; J, the gonad tubles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457447/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Fig. 9F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anal papilla with supporting tables and plates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFB20C62D237F893E5728800" box="[1282,1361,1879,1904]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1425,199,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[164,1429,193,1855]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 9. SEM image of ossicles of Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov. (A–J, WMNH-INV- 2015-9). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, extra large ossicles of body wall on the dorsal side; I, the ventrolateral anal papilla; J, the gonad tubles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457447/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="91651048FFB20C62D20DF89CE5728800" box="[1336,1361,1880,1904]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">9I</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="A8590333FFB20C62D26BF893E08488E4" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,239,728,751]" captionText="TABLE 7. Measurements (µm) of ossicles from two specimens of Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov." pageId="18" pageNumber="447">Table 7</tableCitation>
|
||
). Supporting tables with small arched disc; low spire, with two pillars and one cross-beam and a toothed apex. Supporting plates small, irregular, and marginally branched. Skin around anus with small tables.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFB20C63D7F2F800E13D8EDD" blockId="18.[151,1437,1231,2013]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1436,151,680]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="448" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">
|
||
Tentacle deposits comprise plates of various size and shape, tables and many intermediate
|
||
<typeStatus id="3A60882AFFB20C62D38AF801E4D988AD" box="[1215,1274,1989,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="447">types</typeStatus>
|
||
between plate and rod (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFB30C63D7CBFF53E17A8FC0" box="[254,345,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1425,199,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[164,1429,193,1855]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 9. SEM image of ossicles of Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov. (A–J, WMNH-INV- 2015-9). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, extra large ossicles of body wall on the dorsal side; I, the ventrolateral anal papilla; J, the gonad tubles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457447/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="A8590333FFB30C63D653FF53E19E8FC0" box="[358,445,151,176]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,239,728,751]" captionText="TABLE 7. Measurements (µm) of ossicles from two specimens of Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov." pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Table 7</tableCitation>
|
||
). Plates with 2–4 large central perforations and 2–6 smaller perforations at distal ends. Larger plates, mostly narrow, central perforations arranged in single or double series. Smaller plates, mostly broad with central perforations arranged in three or more series. Tables with broad disc with 2–4 large central perforations and approximately 8–16 small marginal ones; spire low, of two pillars with 8–12 minute processes at apex. Tentacle tables present only in one specimen (WMNH-INV-2015-9) (
|
||
<tableCitation id="A8590333FFB30C63D4DFFEE3E4638E30" box="[1002,1088,295,320]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,239,728,751]" captionText="TABLE 7. Measurements (µm) of ossicles from two specimens of Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov." pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Table 7</tableCitation>
|
||
) and not in the other. Peri-oral skin and pharyngeal villi with small rosettes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFB30C63D596FE88E33C8E14" box="[675,799,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1425,199,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[164,1429,193,1855]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 9. SEM image of ossicles of Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov. (A–J, WMNH-INV- 2015-9). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, extra large ossicles of body wall on the dorsal side; I, the ventrolateral anal papilla; J, the gonad tubles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457447/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Fig. 9B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="A8590333FFB30C63D418FE88E3A78E14" box="[813,900,332,357]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,239,728,751]" captionText="TABLE 7. Measurements (µm) of ossicles from two specimens of Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov." pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Table 7</tableCitation>
|
||
). Introvert with tables (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFB30C63D3A6FE88E4CD8E14" box="[1171,1262,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1425,199,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[164,1429,193,1855]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 9. SEM image of ossicles of Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov. (A–J, WMNH-INV- 2015-9). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, extra large ossicles of body wall on the dorsal side; I, the ventrolateral anal papilla; J, the gonad tubles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457447/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="A8590333FFB30C63D3C9FE88E5708E14" box="[1276,1363,332,357]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,239,728,751]" captionText="TABLE 7. Measurements (µm) of ossicles from two specimens of Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov." pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Table 7</tableCitation>
|
||
), with broad disc with approximately 10–20 perforations; a low spire of two pillars and 8–12 minute processes/teeth on top of spire.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFB30C63D7F2FE73E1E38DD8" blockId="19.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
Pedicels with endplate and supporting tables (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFB30C63D5FBFE73E3078EA0" box="[718,804,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1425,199,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[164,1429,193,1855]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 9. SEM image of ossicles of Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov. (A–J, WMNH-INV- 2015-9). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, extra large ossicles of body wall on the dorsal side; I, the ventrolateral anal papilla; J, the gonad tubles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457447/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Fig. 9E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="A8590333FFB30C63D404FE73E3A48EA0" box="[817,903,439,464]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,239,728,751]" captionText="TABLE 7. Measurements (µm) of ossicles from two specimens of Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov." pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Table 7</tableCitation>
|
||
). Endplate small, mostly with fine “mesh-like” or multilocular structure medially and large perforations at approximately regular intervals marginally, occasionally endplate results in a stellate form. Supporting tables with narrow, arched disc, with 0–4 central perforations and 1–4 distal ones; spire high, with two pillars, ending in flattened lobes and/or elongated processes/ teeth, occasionally pillars united distally, with one or two cross-beams. Gonadal tubules, (ovary and testis), with elongated, needle-shaped ossicles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFB30C63D512FDA8E2598DF4" box="[551,634,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[168,1425,199,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[164,1429,193,1855]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 9. SEM image of ossicles of Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov. (A–J, WMNH-INV- 2015-9). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, extra large ossicles of body wall on the dorsal side; I, the ventrolateral anal papilla; J, the gonad tubles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457447/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Fig. 9J</figureCitation>
|
||
), with many short spinous processes on its surface, occasionally with perforations and branches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="B1A46600FFB30C63D7A2FD1CE1328C7F" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFB30C63D7A2FD1CE1328C7F" blockId="19.[151,1436,727,783]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB30C63D7A2FD1CE1298D9F" bold="true" box="[151,266,728,751]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">TABLE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (µm) of ossicles from two specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB30C63D45DFD13E50A8D9F" authority="Liao, 1997" authorityName="Yamana & Kohtsuka" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="Liao" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[872,1321,727,751]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Pseudoplacothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ohshimai" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB30C63D45DFD13E4108D9F" box="[872,1075,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Pseudoplacothuria</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB30C63D30FFD13E4BF8D9F" box="[1082,1180,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">ohshimai</emphasis>
|
||
(Liao, 1997)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CC9C57E1FFB30C63D205FD1CE1328C7F" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CC9C57E1FFB30C63D205FD1CE5B68D9F" box="[1328,1429,728,751]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB30C63D205FD1CE5B68D9F" bold="true" box="[1328,1429,728,751]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, comb. nov.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFB30C63D555FCEEE57B8AA6" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<table id="97DBC428FFB3F38FD7AAFCEEE57B8AA6" box="[159,1368,810,1494]" gridcols="7" gridrows="17" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFCEEE57B8C30" box="[159,1368,810,832]" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FCEEE3158C30" box="[608,822,810,832]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">WMNH-INV-2015-9</th>
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FCEEE4C78C30" box="[1025,1252,810,832]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">WMNH-INV-2015-10</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFC90E57B8C1A" box="[159,1368,852,874]" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD7AAFC90E1B08C1A" box="[159,403,852,874]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Ossicle type</th>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FC90E2598C1A" box="[608,634,852,874]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">n</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD58EFC90E3158C1A" box="[699,822,852,874]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Mean±sd</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD46BFC90E3948C1A" box="[862,951,852,874]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Range</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FC90E4388C1A" box="[1025,1051,852,874]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">n</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD369FC90E4C78C1A" box="[1116,1252,852,874]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Mean±sd</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD3CAFC90E57B8C1A" box="[1279,1368,852,874]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Range</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFCB9E57B8CE3" box="[159,1368,893,915]" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD7AAFCB9E1B08CE3" box="[159,403,893,915]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Tentacle plate</th>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FCB9E2598CE3" box="[608,634,893,915]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">18</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD58EFCB9E3158CE3" box="[699,822,893,915]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">135±70</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD46BFCB9E3948CE3" box="[862,951,893,915]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">42–274</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FCB9E4388CE3" box="[1025,1051,893,915]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">20</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD369FCB9E4C78CE3" box="[1116,1252,893,915]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">104±61</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD3CAFCB9E57B8CE3" box="[1279,1368,893,915]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">46–244</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFC62E57B8CCC" box="[159,1368,934,956]" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD7AAFC62E1B08CCC" box="[159,403,934,956]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Tentacle table</th>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FC62E2598CCC" box="[608,634,934,956]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">5</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD58EFC62E3158CCC" box="[699,822,934,956]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">77±9</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD46BFC62E3948CCC" box="[862,951,934,956]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">69–89</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FC62E4388CCC" box="[1025,1051,934,956]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">0</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD369FC62E4C78CCC" box="[1116,1252,934,956]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">-</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD3CAFC62E57B8CCC" box="[1279,1368,934,956]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFC14E57B8C96" box="[159,1368,976,998]" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD7AAFC14E1B08C96" box="[159,403,976,998]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Peri-oral rosette</th>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FC14E2598C96" box="[608,634,976,998]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">8</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD58EFC14E3158C96" box="[699,822,976,998]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">35±10</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD46BFC14E3948C96" box="[862,951,976,998]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">25–52</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FC14E4388C96" box="[1025,1051,976,998]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">17</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD369FC14E4C78C96" box="[1116,1252,976,998]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">45±13</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD3CAFC14E57B8C96" box="[1279,1368,976,998]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">28–73</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFC3DE57B8B7F" box="[159,1368,1017,1039]" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD7AAFC3DE1B08B7F" box="[159,403,1017,1039]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Pharyngeal rosette</th>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FC3DE2598B7F" box="[608,634,1017,1039]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">17</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD58EFC3DE3158B7F" box="[699,822,1017,1039]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">31±4</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD46BFC3DE3948B7F" box="[862,951,1017,1039]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">24–36</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FC3DE4388B7F" box="[1025,1051,1017,1039]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">7</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD369FC3DE4C78B7F" box="[1116,1252,1017,1039]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">29±5</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD3CAFC3DE57B8B7F" box="[1279,1368,1017,1039]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">22–37</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFBE6E57B8B48" box="[159,1368,1058,1080]" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD7AAFBE6E1B08B48" box="[159,403,1058,1080]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Introvert table</th>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FBE6E2598B48" box="[608,634,1058,1080]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">18</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD58EFBE6E3158B48" box="[699,822,1058,1080]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">73±13</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD46BFBE6E3948B48" box="[862,951,1058,1080]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">39–90</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FBE6E4388B48" box="[1025,1051,1058,1080]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">15</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD369FBE6E4C78B48" box="[1116,1252,1058,1080]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">70±13</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD3CAFBE6E57B8B48" box="[1279,1368,1058,1080]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">46–92</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFB88E57B8B12" box="[159,1368,1100,1122]" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD7AAFB88E1B08B12" box="[159,403,1100,1122]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Pedicel endplate</th>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FB88E2598B12" box="[608,634,1100,1122]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">3</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD58EFB88E3158B12" box="[699,822,1100,1122]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">92±6</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD46BFB88E3948B12" box="[862,951,1100,1122]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">87–99</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FB88E4388B12" box="[1025,1051,1100,1122]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">4</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD369FB88E4C78B12" box="[1116,1252,1100,1122]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">84±3</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD3CAFB88E57B8B12" box="[1279,1368,1100,1122]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">82–88</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFBB1E57B8BFB" box="[159,1368,1141,1163]" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD7AAFBB1E1B08BFB" box="[159,403,1141,1163]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Pedicel supporting table</th>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FBB1E2598BFB" box="[608,634,1141,1163]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">10</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD58EFBB1E3158BFB" box="[699,822,1141,1163]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">74±10</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD46BFBB1E3948BFB" box="[862,951,1141,1163]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">59–85</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FBB1E4388BFB" box="[1025,1051,1141,1163]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">12</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD369FBB1E4C78BFB" box="[1116,1252,1141,1163]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">65±7</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD3CAFBB1E57B8BFB" box="[1279,1368,1141,1163]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">53–78</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFB5AE57B8BC4" box="[159,1368,1182,1204]" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD7AAFB5AE1B08BC4" box="[159,403,1182,1204]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Body lens (abdominal)</th>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FB5AE2598BC4" box="[608,634,1182,1204]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">21</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD58EFB5AE3158BC4" box="[699,822,1182,1204]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">224±82</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD46BFB5AE3948BC4" box="[862,951,1182,1204]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">101–332</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FB5AE4388BC4" box="[1025,1051,1182,1204]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">13</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD369FB5AE4C78BC4" box="[1116,1252,1182,1204]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">187±91</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD3CAFB5AE57B8BC4" box="[1279,1368,1182,1204]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">83–304</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFB0CE57B8BAE" box="[159,1368,1224,1246]" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD7AAFB0CE1B08BAE" box="[159,403,1224,1246]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Body table (abdominal)</th>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FB0CE2598BAE" box="[608,634,1224,1246]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">3</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD58EFB0CE3158BAE" box="[699,822,1224,1246]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">68±6</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD46BFB0CE3948BAE" box="[862,951,1224,1246]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">61–73</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FB0CE4388BAE" box="[1025,1051,1224,1246]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">7</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD369FB0CE4C78BAE" box="[1116,1252,1224,1246]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">66±7</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD3CAFB0CE57B8BAE" box="[1279,1368,1224,1246]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">57–75</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFB35E57B8A77" box="[159,1368,1265,1287]" gridrow="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD7AAFB35E1B08A77" box="[159,403,1265,1287]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Body lens (dorsal)</th>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FB35E2598A77" box="[608,634,1265,1287]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">21</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD58EFB35E3158A77" box="[699,822,1265,1287]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">259±86</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD46BFB35E3948A77" box="[862,951,1265,1287]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">95–423</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FB35E4388A77" box="[1025,1051,1265,1287]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">17</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD369FB35E4C78A77" box="[1116,1252,1265,1287]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">212±63</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD3CAFB35E57B8A77" box="[1279,1368,1265,1287]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">126–303</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFADEE57B8A40" box="[159,1368,1306,1328]" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD7AAFADEE1B08A40" box="[159,403,1306,1328]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Body table (dorsal)</th>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FADEE2598A40" box="[608,634,1306,1328]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">4</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD58EFADEE3158A40" box="[699,822,1306,1328]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">92±8</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD46BFADEE3948A40" box="[862,951,1306,1328]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">83–102</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FADEE4388A40" box="[1025,1051,1306,1328]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">4</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD369FADEE4C78A40" box="[1116,1252,1306,1328]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">77±12</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD3CAFADEE57B8A40" box="[1279,1368,1306,1328]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">66–93</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFA80E57B8A2A" box="[159,1368,1348,1370]" gridrow="13" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD7AAFA80E1B08A2A" box="[159,403,1348,1370]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Anal supporting plate</th>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FA80E2598A2A" box="[608,634,1348,1370]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">8</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD58EFA80E3158A2A" box="[699,822,1348,1370]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">56±6</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD46BFA80E3948A2A" box="[862,951,1348,1370]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">46–64</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FA80E4388A2A" box="[1025,1051,1348,1370]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">11</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD369FA80E4C78A2A" box="[1116,1252,1348,1370]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">48±10</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD3CAFA80E57B8A2A" box="[1279,1368,1348,1370]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">32–65</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFAA9E57B8AF3" box="[159,1368,1389,1411]" gridrow="14" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD7AAFAA9E1B08AF3" box="[159,403,1389,1411]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Anal supporting table</th>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FAA9E2598AF3" box="[608,634,1389,1411]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">3</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD58EFAA9E3158AF3" box="[699,822,1389,1411]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">42±3</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD46BFAA9E3948AF3" box="[862,951,1389,1411]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">38–44</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FAA9E4388AF3" box="[1025,1051,1389,1411]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">0</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD369FAA9E4C78AF3" box="[1116,1252,1389,1411]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">-</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD3CAFAA9E57B8AF3" box="[1279,1368,1389,1411]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFA52E57B8ADC" box="[159,1368,1430,1452]" gridrow="15" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD7AAFA52E1B08ADC" box="[159,403,1430,1452]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Anal table</th>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FA52E2598ADC" box="[608,634,1430,1452]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">3</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD58EFA52E3158ADC" box="[699,822,1430,1452]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">43±5</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD46BFA52E3948ADC" box="[862,951,1430,1452]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">37–47</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FA52E4388ADC" box="[1025,1051,1430,1452]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">0</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD369FA52E4C78ADC" box="[1116,1252,1430,1452]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">-</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD3CAFA52E57B8ADC" box="[1279,1368,1430,1452]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5BEB34CAFFB3F38FD7AAFA04E57B8AA6" box="[159,1368,1472,1494]" gridrow="16" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<th id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD7AAFA04E1B08AA6" box="[159,403,1472,1494]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Gonad needle</th>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD555FA04E2598AA6" box="[608,634,1472,1494]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">5</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD58EFA04E3158AA6" box="[699,822,1472,1494]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">518±51</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD46BFA04E3948AA6" box="[862,951,1472,1494]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">468–584</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD334FA04E4388AA6" box="[1025,1051,1472,1494]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">9</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD369FA04E4C78AA6" box="[1116,1252,1472,1494]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">747±93</td>
|
||
<td id="183A5DB6FFB3F38FD3CAFA04E57B8AA6" box="[1279,1368,1472,1494]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">640–878</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ADC16503FFB30C66D7F2F9DEE5778D10" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="451" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFB30C63D7F2F9DEE2B088CF" blockId="19.[151,1436,1562,1983]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB30C63D7F2F9DEE1188943" bold="true" box="[199,315,1562,1587]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is in agreement with Ohshima's (
|
||
<date id="91651048FFB30C63D472F9DEE3D28943" box="[839,1009,1562,1587]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" value="1915" valueMax="1918">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB30C63D472F9DEE3A38943" box="[839,896,1562,1587]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" refId="ref11641" refString="Ohshima, H. (1915) Report on the holothurians collected by the United States Fisheries Steamer " ALBATROSS " in the Northwestern Pacific during the summer of 1906. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 48, 213 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.48 - 2073.213" type="journal article">1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB30C63D48DF9DFE3D28943" box="[952,1009,1563,1587]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" refId="ref11700" refString="Ohshima, H. (1918 a) [Holothuroidea in northwest Pacific. XIII]. Dobutsugaku Zasshi, 30 (357), 274 - 281. [in Japanese]" type="journal article">1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</date>
|
||
a) description of the Japanese form of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB30C63D7A2F9FBE2AB8927" authority="Koehler & Vaney, 1910" authorityName="Koehler & Vaney" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,648,1598,1623]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Cucumaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mosaica">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB30C63D7A2F9FBE15B8926" box="[151,376,1599,1622]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Cucumaria mosaica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB30C63D64AF9FAE2AB8927" box="[383,648,1598,1623]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" refId="ref10988" refString="Koehler, R. & Vaney, C. (1910) Description d'Holothuries nouvelles appartenant au Musee Indien. Records of the Indian Museum, V (1910), 89 - 103." type="journal article">Koehler & Vaney, 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, at 47 fathoms (
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB30C63D40CF9FBE3788926" box="[825,859,1599,1622]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="22239B6DFFB30C63D454F9FAE3B88927" box="[865,923,1598,1623]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" unit="m" value="86.0">86 m</quantity>
|
||
) off Suruga Bay. In the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB30C63D7A2F9A7E13B890A" authorityName="Koehler & Vaney" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,280,1635,1658]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Cucumaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mosaica">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB30C63D7A2F9A7E13B890A" box="[151,280,1635,1658]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">C. mosaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the ossicles of the pedicels are described as biscuit-shaped plates without spire (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB30C63D3E5F9A6E0F089EF" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" refId="ref10988" refString="Koehler, R. & Vaney, C. (1910) Description d'Holothuries nouvelles appartenant au Musee Indien. Records of the Indian Museum, V (1910), 89 - 103." type="journal article">Koehler & Vaney 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, in the current material the pedicels have supporting tables and hence are different from Koehler & Vaney’s form. Currently this species is known as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB30C63D5D0F96FE44989B3" authority="Liao, 1997" authorityName="Liao" authorityYear="1997" box="[741,1130,1706,1731]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Placothuriidae" genus="Placothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ohshimai">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB30C63D5D0F96FE3FE89B3" box="[741,989,1707,1731]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Placothuria ohshimai</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB30C63D4DCF96EE44989B3" box="[1001,1130,1706,1731]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" refId="ref11180" refString="Liao, Y. (1997) Fauna Sinica. Phylum Echinodermata, Class Holothuroidea. Science Press Beijing, 334 pp." type="book">Liao, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB30C63D34FF96FE52389B3" authorityName="Pawson & Fell" authorityYear="1965" box="[1146,1280,1707,1731]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Placothuriidae" genus="Placothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB30C63D34FF96FE52389B3" box="[1146,1280,1707,1731]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Placothuria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was a genus erected by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB30C63D623F90BE22A8997" box="[278,521,1742,1767]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" refId="ref11979" refString="Pawson, D. L. & Fell, H. B. (1965) A revised classification of the dendrochirote holothurians. Breviora, 214, 1 - 7." type="journal article">Pawson & Fell, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for some plated forms. However, the descriptions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB30C63D345F90BE4EE8996" authorityName="Koehler & Vaney" authorityYear="1910" box="[1136,1229,1743,1766]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Cucumaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mosaica">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB30C63D345F90BE4EE8996" box="[1136,1229,1743,1766]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">mosaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by both
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB30C63D202F90AE0FB887B" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" refId="ref11641" refString="Ohshima, H. (1915) Report on the holothurians collected by the United States Fisheries Steamer " ALBATROSS " in the Northwestern Pacific during the summer of 1906. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 48, 213 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.48 - 2073.213" type="journal article">
|
||
Ohshima (
|
||
<date id="91651048FFB30C63D7AAF936E0FB887B" box="[159,216,1778,1803]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" value="1915" valueMax="1918">1915</date>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB30C63D638F937E170887B" box="[269,339,1779,1803]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" refId="ref11700" refString="Ohshima, H. (1918 a) [Holothuroidea in northwest Pacific. XIII]. Dobutsugaku Zasshi, 30 (357), 274 - 281. [in Japanese]" type="journal article">1918a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB30C63D6A5F936E237887B" box="[400,532,1778,1803]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" refId="ref11180" refString="Liao, Y. (1997) Fauna Sinica. Phylum Echinodermata, Class Holothuroidea. Science Press Beijing, 334 pp." type="book">Liao (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
do not correspond with the diagnosis of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB30C63D37DF937E4ED887B" authorityName="Pawson & Fell" authorityYear="1965" box="[1096,1230,1779,1803]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Placothuriidae" genus="Placothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB30C63D37DF937E4ED887B" box="[1096,1230,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Placothuria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB30C63D3C2F937E0C6885F" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" refId="ref11979" refString="Pawson, D. L. & Fell, H. B. (1965) A revised classification of the dendrochirote holothurians. Breviora, 214, 1 - 7." type="journal article">Pawson & Fell (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="3A60882AFFB30C63D616F8D3E170885F" box="[291,339,1815,1839]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB30C63D6E6F8D2E27A885E" authorityName="Pawson & Fell" authorityYear="1965" box="[467,601,1814,1838]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Placothuriidae" genus="Placothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB30C63D6E6F8D2E27A885E" box="[467,601,1814,1838]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Placothuria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a well known
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9DCC7618FFB30C63D42FF8D3E392885F" box="[794,945,1814,1839]" name="New Zealand" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
species previously known as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB30C63D234F8D2E1058823" authority="Dendy, 1896" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1896" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Stolus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="huttoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB30C63D234F8D2E5B8885E" box="[1281,1435,1814,1838]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Stolus huttoni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB30C63D7A2F8FEE1058823" box="[151,294,1850,1875]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" refId="ref10700" refString="Dendy, A. (1896) Observations on the Holothurians of New Zealand; with Descriptions of four New Species, and an Appendix on the Development of the Wheels in Chiridota. The Journal of the Linnean Society, XXVI, 22 - 52." type="book chapter">Dendy, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB30C63D600F8FFE2038823" box="[309,544,1850,1875]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" refId="ref11979" refString="Pawson, D. L. & Fell, H. B. (1965) A revised classification of the dendrochirote holothurians. Breviora, 214, 1 - 7." type="journal article">Pawson & Fell 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which has flat reticulated plates (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB30C63D49CF8FEE4158823" box="[937,1078,1850,1875]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" refId="ref10700" refString="Dendy, A. (1896) Observations on the Holothurians of New Zealand; with Descriptions of four New Species, and an Appendix on the Development of the Wheels in Chiridota. The Journal of the Linnean Society, XXVI, 22 - 52." type="book chapter">Dendy 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or two-layered flattened plates (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB30C63D7ABF89AE11E8807" box="[158,317,1886,1911]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" refId="ref11918" refString="Panning, A. (1949) Versuch einer Neuordnung der Familie Cucumariidae (Holothurioidea, Dendrochirota). Zoologischen Jahrbuchern, 78, 404 - 470." type="journal article">Panning 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in body wall, and possess a calcareous ring with long posterior prolongations to both the radial and interradial elements (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB30C63D6B7F847E23E88EB" box="[386,541,1922,1947]" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" refId="ref11946" refString="Pawson, D. L. (1963) The Holothurian Fauna of Cook Strait, New Zealand. Zoology Publications from Fictoria University of Wellington, 36, 1 - 38." type="journal article">Pawson 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), hence satisfying the diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB30C63D491F847E40988EB" authorityName="Pawson & Fell" authorityYear="1965" box="[932,1066,1923,1947]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Placothuriidae" genus="Placothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="19" pageNumber="448" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB30C63D491F847E40988EB" box="[932,1066,1923,1947]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="448">Placothuria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but the present material does not satisfy this description of the calcareous ring.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B1A46600FFB40C64D7A2F8B3E2998899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457445/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="449" startId="20.[151,250,1911,1933]" targetBox="[180,1415,197,1897]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFB40C64D7A2F8B3E2998899" blockId="20.[151,1436,1911,2025]" pageId="20" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB40C64D7A2F8B3E13588FC" bold="true" box="[151,278,1911,1933]" pageId="20" pageNumber="449">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
SEM image of ossicles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB40C64D574F8BCE31388FD" authority="Yamana & Kohtsuka, 2018" authorityName="Yamana & Kohtsuka" authorityYear="2018" box="[577,816,1911,1933]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Pentamera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="20" pageNumber="449" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="misakiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB40C64D574F8BCE31388FD" box="[577,816,1911,1933]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="449">Pentamera misakiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CC9C57E1FFB40C64D40FF8B3E3AC88FC" box="[826,911,1911,1932]" pageId="20" pageNumber="449" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB40C64D40FF8B3E3AC88FC" bold="true" box="[826,911,1911,1932]" pageId="20" pageNumber="449">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(A–H, WMNH-INV-2015-34). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, ventrolateral anal papilla.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="B1A46600FFB50C65D7A2F88AE1FE88AF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457447/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="450" startId="21.[151,250,1870,1892]" targetBox="[168,1425,199,1855]" targetPageId="21">
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFB50C65D7A2F88AE1FE88AF" blockId="21.[151,1436,1870,2015]" pageId="21" pageNumber="450">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB50C65D7A2F88AE1378813" bold="true" box="[151,276,1870,1892]" pageId="21" pageNumber="450">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
SEM image of ossicles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB50C65D518F88AE3F98814" authority="(Liao, 1997)" authorityName="Yamana & Kohtsuka" authorityYear="2018" baseAuthorityName="Liao" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[557,986,1870,1892]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Pseudoplacothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="21" pageNumber="450" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ohshimai" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB50C65D518F88AE3708814" box="[557,851,1870,1892]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="450">Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai</emphasis>
|
||
(Liao, 1997)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CC9C57E1FFB50C65D4D7F88BE4E58814" box="[994,1222,1871,1892]" pageId="21" pageNumber="450">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CC9C57E1FFB50C65D4D7F88BE4618814" box="[994,1090,1871,1892]" pageId="21" pageNumber="450" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB50C65D4D7F88BE4618814" bold="true" box="[994,1090,1871,1892]" pageId="21" pageNumber="450">gen. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB50C65D364F88BE4E58814" bold="true" box="[1105,1222,1871,1892]" pageId="21" pageNumber="450">comb. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(A–J, WMNH-INV- 2015-9). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, extra large ossicles of body wall on the dorsal side; I, the ventrolateral anal papilla; J, the gonad tubles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFB60C66D7F2FF53E3598E84" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">
|
||
The external body morphology (10 tentacles with ventral two small, and 5 series of pedicels) of this species is close to that of all the species in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB60C66D542FF79E3A08FA5" authority="Ayres, 1852" authorityName="Ayres" authorityYear="1852" box="[631,899,188,213]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Pentamera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB60C66D542FF79E2D18FA4" box="[631,754,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">Pentamera</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB60C66D5CFFF78E3A08FA5" box="[762,899,188,213]" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" refId="ref10233" refString="Ayres, W. O. (1852) A description of a new species of Holothuria, brought from the coast of South Carolina, by Mr. Stimpson, to which he proposed to give the name of Pentamera pulcherrima. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, 4. 207 - 208." type="journal article">Ayres, 1852</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and ossicle morphologies (especially the shape of plates or rods in tentacles, and supporting tables in pedicels) are also close to those of several species within the genus (
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB60C66D7DDFEC1E1338E6C" box="[232,272,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB60C66D62BFEC0E19C8E6C" box="[286,447,260,285]" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" refId="ref11071" refString="Lambert, P. (1998) Pentamera rigida and P. pediparva, two new species of sea cucumber from the west coast of North America (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Proceedings of the biological society of Washington, 111, 535 - 550." type="journal article">Lambert 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, among the nominal species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB60C66D4A2FEC1E4318E6C" authorityName="Ayres" authorityYear="1852" box="[919,1042,261,284]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Pentamera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB60C66D4A2FEC1E4318E6C" box="[919,1042,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">Pentamera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this species is easily distinguished by the following features: body wall with thick lens-shaped ossicles, only the radial plates of the calcareous ring are elongated before bearing long, paired posterior processes whereas in the nominal species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB60C66D3C1FE89E54C8E14" authorityName="Ayres" authorityYear="1852" box="[1268,1391,333,356]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Pentamera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB60C66D3C1FE89E54C8E14" box="[1268,1391,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">Pentamera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the radials are deeply incised and bifurcate before the posterior border of the interradial plates. Because of the presence of large lenticular plates in addition to the tables, and a different form of the calcareous ring, we refer this species to a new genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB60C66D60DFE7CE22E8EA0" authority="Yamana & Kohtsuka, 2018" authorityName="Yamana & Kohtsuka" authorityYear="2018" box="[312,525,440,464]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Pseudoplacothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="22" pageNumber="447" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB60C66D60DFE7CE22E8EA0" box="[312,525,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">Pseudoplacothuria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Further,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB60C66D5B5FE7DE3258EA0" box="[640,774,440,464]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Pseudoplacothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ohshimae">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB60C66D5B5FE7DE3258EA0" box="[640,774,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">P. ohshimae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has needle-shaped ossicles in the gonadal tubules which need to be studied in all species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB60C66D52AFE19E2B98E84" authorityName="Ayres" authorityYear="1852" box="[543,666,477,500]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Pentamera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB60C66D52AFE19E2B98E84" box="[543,666,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">Pentamera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB60C66D5D8FE18E3508E84" authorityName="Pawson & Fell" authorityYear="1965" box="[749,883,476,500]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Placothuriidae" genus="Placothuria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB60C66D5D8FE18E3508E84" box="[749,883,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">Placothuria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFB60C66D7F2FDC4E5778D10" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">
|
||
In WMNH, three specimens of this species have been deposited in WMNH (WMNH-INV-2015-206–208), collected from off Shirahama (not from Misaki), previously reported as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFB60C66D4E6FDE1E46D8D4C" authorityName="Ayres" authorityYear="1852" box="[979,1102,549,572]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Pentamera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB60C66D4E6FDE1E46D8D4C" box="[979,1102,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">Pentamera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. with a photograph of the largest live specimen (WMNH-INV-2015-206: length
|
||
<quantity id="22239B6DFFB60C66D5CDFD8CE36A8D2F" box="[760,841,584,608]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" unit="mm" value="32.0">32 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width
|
||
<quantity id="22239B6DFFB60C66D4AEFD83E3FE8D10" box="[923,989,583,608]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB60C66D4C1FD83E4F88D10" box="[1012,1243,583,608]" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" refId="ref11766" refString="Okanishi, M., Sentoku, A., Fujimoto, S., Jimi, N., Nakayama, R., Yamana, Y., Yamauchi, H., Tanaka, H., Kato, T., Kahio, S., Uyeno, D., Yamamoto, K., Miyazaki, K. & Asakura, A. (2016) Marine benthic community in Shirahama, southwestern Kii Peninsula, central Japan. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 44, 7 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 217458" type="journal article">
|
||
Okanishi
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB60C66D354FD8DE4B08D10" box="[1121,1171,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFB60C66D3D2FD83E5648D10" box="[1255,1351,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[180,1415,197,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[176,1416,193,1900]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 8. SEM image of ossicles of Pentamera misakiensis sp. nov. (A–H, WMNH-INV-2015-34). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, ventrolateral anal papilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457445/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">Fig. 8 K</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ADC16503FFB60C66D7F2FDA8E3AF8DBC" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFB60C66D7F2FDA8E3AF8DBC" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB60C66D7F2FDA8E1438DF5" bold="true" box="[199,352,620,645]" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9DCC7618FFB60C66D65EFDA8E18D8DF5" box="[363,430,620,645]" name="China" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea,
|
||
<quantity id="22239B6DFFB60C66D6C6FDA8E2448DF4" box="[499,615,620,645]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.95" metricValueMax="11.5" metricValueMin="6.4" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" unit="m" value="89.5" valueMax="115.0" valueMin="64.0">64–115 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB60C66D54CFDA8E2D68DF4" box="[633,757,620,645]" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" refId="ref11180" refString="Liao, Y. (1997) Fauna Sinica. Phylum Echinodermata, Class Holothuroidea. Science Press Beijing, 334 pp." type="book">Liao 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Suruga Bay, 47 fathoms (
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB60C66D30FFDA9E47F8DF4" box="[1082,1116,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="22239B6DFFB60C66D353FDA8E4878DF4" box="[1126,1188,620,645]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" unit="m" value="86.0">86 m</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB60C66D38AFDA8E54B8DF5" box="[1215,1384,620,645]" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" refId="ref11641" refString="Ohshima, H. (1915) Report on the holothurians collected by the United States Fisheries Steamer " ALBATROSS " in the Northwestern Pacific during the summer of 1906. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 48, 213 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.48 - 2073.213" type="journal article">
|
||
Ohshima
|
||
<date id="91651048FFB60C66D205FDA8E54B8DF5" box="[1328,1384,620,645]" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" value="1915" valueMax="1918">1915</date>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB60C66D7A2FD54E0FC8DD8" box="[151,223,656,680]" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" refId="ref11700" refString="Ohshima, H. (1918 a) [Holothuroidea in northwest Pacific. XIII]. Dobutsugaku Zasshi, 30 (357), 274 - 281. [in Japanese]" type="journal article">1918a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); off Shirahama, south coast of Wakayama Prefecture,
|
||
<quantity id="22239B6DFFB60C66D453FD4BE3EE8DD7" box="[870,973,655,680]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.35" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="7.2" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" unit="m" value="73.5" valueMax="75.0" valueMin="72.0">72–75 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFB60C66D4D5FD4BE4F68DD8" box="[992,1237,655,680]" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" refId="ref11766" refString="Okanishi, M., Sentoku, A., Fujimoto, S., Jimi, N., Nakayama, R., Yamana, Y., Yamauchi, H., Tanaka, H., Kato, T., Kahio, S., Uyeno, D., Yamamoto, K., Miyazaki, K. & Asakura, A. (2016) Marine benthic community in Shirahama, southwestern Kii Peninsula, central Japan. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 44, 7 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 217458" type="journal article">
|
||
Okanishi
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFB60C66D367FD55E4A48DD8" box="[1106,1159,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="451">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); off Jyogashima Island, south coast of Kanagawa Prefecture, sand bottom,
|
||
<quantity id="22239B6DFFB60C66D417FD70E3AB8DBC" box="[802,904,692,716]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="8.8" metricValueMin="8.7" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" unit="m" value="87.5" valueMax="88.0" valueMin="87.0">
|
||
87–
|
||
<specimenCount id="F3DDFD01FFB60C66D478FD70E3AB8DBC" box="[845,904,692,716]" pageId="22" pageNumber="451" type="generic">88 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |