584 lines
78 KiB
XML
584 lines
78 KiB
XML
<document id="A78D5747CE69E70383C214DAB930D37B" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.1" ID-CLB-Dataset="38775" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a1bda414-5f10-4c37-8ea2-d0764ed19224" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="271746" ID-ZooBank="D5D8286A-E9B2-4FD8-B39A-304678C4ABD8" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1466494515955" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Anstis, Marion, Price, Luke C., Roberts, J. Dale, Catalano, Sarah R., Hines, Harry B., Doughty, Paul & Donnellan, Stephen C." docDate="2016" docId="5230723F0A64FFA1FF22FA4F937ADEE1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4126.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4126 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Chiroleptes platycephala Gunther 1873" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="469" masterDocId="AE090A470A68FFB3FFB5FFEC9673D801" masterDocTitle="Revision of the water-holding frogs, Cyclorana platycephala (Anura: Hylidae), from arid Australia, including a description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="479" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="463" updateTime="1698663076902" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="91A3E9801AE0518B9AE559D74D6B5622" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="7DF4001A72B03591369F59AB42835EA0">
|
||
<mods:title id="4AC896C974D9720737B0CE2423D0893C">Revision of the water-holding frogs, Cyclorana platycephala (Anura: Hylidae), from arid Australia, including a description of a new species</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="D07E0DC7BDC62E2938B57B4AB52A1970" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="306EB91B076A9AD423FE23A487E5EF48">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="EFF9E1F9FBE5564294DAD054FAE594A9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="663DB1540035A33B4772F45F88F47092">Anstis, Marion</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="A6087D0EB1AA10E37176D88BD1AF1EAC" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="D8FFFB60AE11E48F1D262BAB3AA7A1B8">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="F41DF26583DB935B8781894D5F88A7B1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="C8F413DE54AFDD7D11A64712C9665EAA">Price, Luke C.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="BA60D79CCA30A96E8CB0DF2D8E9269CB" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="C68F512C79D7916D8695DCD78D7A5DEA">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="2B8D2FA6BA3F3212C5D645AAEE88CDA8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="A6B550CE3938ACD15109192C7A0A550F">Roberts, J. Dale</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="32C592CC57757DAF367EA61318814517" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="3362DA456BC8B791C79D22FB84F08790">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="30549490951FF6DF22B12E8CD20C1454">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="9DCC5843AFC4DE65B5369964E45AD8CD">Catalano, Sarah R.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="B26BA8725794BEAFD7F722316CA04317" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F6F349409E321C42C5799AD23F42BA65">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="0EC906A141622571F28A43691E5D2E64">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="33AD487DBB0ACCC23FF706BC2DC18FC4">Hines, Harry B.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="02625182799E290393B8A94F51247424" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="811C905EECE2F0992710EB06A6276003">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="BBF1FD2AD84161A43E82114C2502317F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="EEA31738893AAD000F874E0633F8EEFC">Doughty, Paul</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="F683B9AE259606454F69FDCBA2ECCCF9" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="B243A772425ACF3745C5C62F15AE96B2">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="08F2616859C5F16A447033165CD7C557">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="8C78941583BB5CF715DF905F9E5B79F2">Donnellan, Stephen C.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="0F582C0B0968CF814A516359781A3E44">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="1081EABF0A107AF74B3E15D37818E93B" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="937527AE6C3EDFC6C3E81AC25F2B43BD">
|
||
<mods:title id="D61F43F4C3DD326F3D0412BAA44812EF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="590738B0AAE7F0AAC0D43CCA97AFFD3D">
|
||
<mods:date id="D9CC92DD47A3DE9DFC2CCE6F56B357BC">2016</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="3317218360BE80BA9845A3A479D949B1" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="905F955D6C9E4B55784B165A0874DC57">4126</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="073C535B7EC22D0D1D06B2C9C6247D30" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="7326C59AD31ACD8BB01AEC705FB63174">4</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="63CE88C3FC93D6381FB5EDAF565E3974" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="097AEDDD695BDEEB42A51A59C94B2AFE">451</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="4E126B11048424BF3432E3A067049A17">479</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="B4BFBFDE3A190570F6351A3BE1153F9C">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2D54C3C487C15614EF4201B435F82D9A" type="CLB-Dataset">38775</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="C3DC106D118E0FFD09EB062806430975" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4126.4.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F7FDFAC167897B1211641BF6F3857428" type="GBIF-Dataset">a1bda414-5f10-4c37-8ea2-d0764ed19224</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="93269888C61DF0FF67137F2EB860C137" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="0794E277A07C90FB53DCBEA542BDDD20" type="Zenodo-Dep">271746</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="BDC05CCD3188C00E0726BD119A3BCC62" type="ZooBank">D5D8286A-E9B2-4FD8-B39A-304678C4ABD8</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="5230723F0A64FFA1FF22FA4F937ADEE1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5670936" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120858328" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5670936" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5230723F0A64FFA1FF22FA4F937ADEE1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5230723F0A64FFA1FF22FA4F937ADEE1" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="469" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
<subSubSection id="928390A20A64FFBFFF22FA4F9773DE02" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A64FFBFFF22FA4F94F2DDBF" blockId="12.[151,641,1443,1539]" box="[151,641,1443,1470]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
<heading id="816E74450A64FFBFFF22FA4F94F2DDBF" bold="true" box="[151,641,1443,1470]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A64FFBFFF22FA4F94F2DDBF" bold="true" box="[151,641,1443,1470]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A64FFBFFF22FA4F9767DDBC" bold="true" box="[151,276,1443,1469]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">Cyclorana</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A64FFBFFEA9FA4F94F2DDBF" authority="(Gunther, 1873)" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1873" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[284,641,1443,1470]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A64FFBFFEA9FA4F97C6DDBC" bold="true" box="[284,437,1443,1469]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">platycephala</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE08BED80A64FFBFFE71FA48940ADDBF" author="Gunther" box="[452,633,1444,1470]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" refString="Gunther, A. (1873) Description of two new species of frogs from Australia. Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, Series 4, 11, 349 - 350. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937308696827" type="journal article" year="1873">Günther, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A64FFBFFF22FA2B9773DE02" blockId="12.[151,641,1443,1539]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
Eastern Water-holding Frog
|
||
<figureCitation id="42A2DFAC0A64FFBFFF22FA069773DE02" box="[151,256,1514,1539]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 5" captionStart-1="FIGURE 6" captionStart-2="FIGURE 7" captionStart-3="FIGURE 8" captionStart-4="FIGURE 9" captionStartId-0="11.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,250,1340,1362]" captionStartId-2="14.[151,250,1792,1814]" captionStartId-3="15.[151,250,1104,1126]" captionStartId-4="16.[151,250,1766,1788]" captionTargetBox-0="[276,1304,822,1854]" captionTargetBox-1="[199,1383,332,1320]" captionTargetBox-2="[158,1427,226,1725]" captionTargetBox-3="[177,1407,183,1083]" captionTargetBox-4="[239,1305,200,1725]" captionTargetId-0="figure@11.[270,1317,805,1869]" captionTargetId-1="figure@13.[186,1400,321,1334]" captionTargetId-2="figure@14.[158,1428,223,1739]" captionTargetId-3="figure@15.[172,1414,177,1088]" captionTargetId-4="figure@16.[239,1306,193,1734]" captionTargetPageId-0="11" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionTargetPageId-2="14" captionTargetPageId-3="15" captionTargetPageId-4="16" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. Calls of C. platycephala and C. occidentalis: upper traces of a complete call (left) and, showing details of pulse structure (right). Bars indicate relevant time scales. Lower traces are a power spectrum display of the whole call demonstrating peak frequencies and the absence of any harmonic structure (see text for further discussion about presenting frequency information in calls with a pulsed structure)." captionText-1="FIGURE 6. Holotype of Chiroleptes platycephalus, BMNH 1947.2. 18.42. A = dorsal view of snout; B = snout in profile; C = palmar view of left hand; D = left foot." captionText-2="FIGURE 7. Comparisons of head and body of preserved specimens of Cyclorana platycephala and C. occidentalis: Dorsal and ventral views of body, and dorsal and lateral views of head. A, D, G, J: male C. platycephala (eastern), AMS R 152847; B, E, H, L: female C. platycephala (northern), SAMA R 46608; C, F, I, M: female C. occidentalis, holotype WAM R 111826. Bar represents 5 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 8. Vomerine teeth (top row), foot (middle row) and hand (bottom row) of Cyclorana species. A, D, G: C. platycephala (eastern), A = SAMA 46801, D, C = AMS R 152847; B, E, H: C. platycephala (northern), B = AMS R 60331, E, H = SAMA 46608; C, F, I: C. occidentalis. C = WAM R 165306, F, I = Holotype, WAM R 111826. Bar represents 5 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 9. Comparisons of live adults of eastern and northern representatives of Cyclorana platycephala and C. occidentalis. Cyclorana platycephala (eastern): A = male AMS R 175496, lateral view, 6.6 km N Bourke, NSW; D = dorsal view, same specimen; G = male no voucher, dorsal view in habitat, 16 km NE Warren, NSW; J = female QM J 85400, lateral view, Craven Peak, 143 km SW Boulia, Qld; M = male no voucher, anterolateral view, 143 km SW Boulia, Qld. Cyclorana platycephala (northern): B = male AMS R 175498, lateral view, 47 km N Barkly Homestead, NT; E = dorsal view, same specimen as B; H = female AMS R 175499, lateral view, 49 km N Barkly Homestead, NT; K = dorsal view, same specimen as H; N = no voucher, anterior view, 86 km N Barkly Homestead, NT. Cyclorana occidentalis. C = lateral view, holotype female WAM R 111826; F = dorsal view, same specimen; I = anterior view, same specimen; L = female no voucher, lateral view, Carnarvon, WA; O = male no voucher, lateral view, Carnarvon, WA." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/271751/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/271752/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/271753/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/271754/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/271755/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">Figs. 5–9</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="928390A20A64FFBFFF22F9DE9445DE49" box="[151,566,1586,1608]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A64FFBFFF22F9DE9445DE49" blockId="12.[151,1049,1586,1639]" box="[151,566,1586,1608]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A64FFBFFF22F9DE9445DE49" authority="Gunther, 1873" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1873" box="[151,566,1586,1608]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A64FFBFFF22F9DE97ECDE49" box="[151,415,1586,1608]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">Chiroleptes platycephalus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE08BED80A64FFBFFE10F9DE9445DE49" author="Gunther" box="[421,566,1586,1608]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" refString="Gunther, A. (1873) Description of two new species of frogs from Australia. Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, Series 4, 11, 349 - 350. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937308696827" type="journal article" year="1873">Günther, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="928390A20A64FFBFFF22F9BD97DEDEA5" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A64FFBFFF22F9BD926ADE66" blockId="12.[151,1049,1586,1639]" box="[151,1049,1617,1639]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A64FFBFFF22F9BD9771DE66" bold="true" box="[151,258,1617,1639]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
<typeStatus id="05227D8B0A64FFBFFF22F9BD968EDE66" box="[151,253,1617,1639]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="BC885BEC0A64FFBFFEBDF9BE9727DE66" box="[264,340,1618,1639]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
1947.2.18.42, adult female collected at Fort Bourke,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BC885BEC0A64FFBFFCC7F9BD95D8DE66" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15627" box="[882,939,1617,1639]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15627" name="Royal Botanic Gardens, National Herbarium of New South Wales" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">NSW</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A28E83B90A64FFBFFC01F9BD9267DE66" box="[948,1044,1617,1639]" name="Australia" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A64FFBFFF22F96297DEDEA5" blockId="12.[151,504,1678,1731]" box="[151,429,1678,1700]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A64FFBFFF22F962977ADEA5" bold="true" box="[151,265,1678,1700]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">Synonymy</emphasis>
|
||
(by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE08BED80A64FFBFFE82F96297D4DEA5" author="Tyler" box="[311,423,1678,1700]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" refString="Tyler, M. J. (1990) Geographic distribution of the fossorial hylid frog Cyclorana platycephala (Gunther) and the taxonomic status of C. slevini Loveridge. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 114, 81 - 85." type="journal article" year="1990">Tyler 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="928390A20A64FFBFFF22F941978BDEC2" box="[151,504,1709,1731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A64FFBFFF22F941978BDEC2" blockId="12.[151,504,1678,1731]" box="[151,504,1709,1731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A64FFBFFF22F9419771DEC2" box="[151,258,1709,1731]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">Cyclorana</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A64FFBFFEBDF941978BDEC2" authority="Loveridge, 1950" authorityName="Loveridge" authorityYear="1950" box="[264,504,1709,1731]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Slevini">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A64FFBFFEBDF9419739DEC2" box="[264,330,1709,1731]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">slevini</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE08BED80A64FFBFFEE5F941978BDEC2" author="Loveridge" box="[336,504,1709,1731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" refString="Loveridge, A. (1950) New frogs of the genera Cyclorana and Hyla from south-eastern Australia. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 63, 131 - 138." type="journal article" year="1950">Loveridge, 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="928390A20A64FFBFFF22F90394F5DF99" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A64FFBFFF22F903933FDF09" blockId="12.[151,1437,1775,2016]" box="[151,1356,1775,1800]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A64FFBFFF22F90397F3DF09" bold="true" box="[151,384,1775,1800]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
Details of the
|
||
<specimenCount id="CC9F08A00A64FFBFFD90F91C94B8DF09" box="[549,715,1775,1800]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" type="generic">143 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
used to document variation are presented in Appendix 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A64FFBFFF72F8F895C9DF74" blockId="12.[151,1437,1775,2016]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A64FFBFFF72F8F897DCDF2C" bold="true" box="[199,431,1812,1837]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
<typeStatus id="05227D8B0A64FFBFFF72F8F89747DF2C" box="[199,308,1812,1837]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
meristics.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE08BED80A64FFBFFE0DF8F89414DF2D" author="Gunther" box="[440,615,1812,1837]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" refString="Gunther, A. (1873) Description of two new species of frogs from Australia. Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, Series 4, 11, 349 - 350. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937308696827" type="journal article" year="1873">Günther (1873)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
presented a detailed description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="05227D8B0A64FFBFFB9EF8F892FEDF2C" box="[1067,1165,1812,1837]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
but few measurements. We include images of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="05227D8B0A64FFBFFE0CF8DB9468DF51" box="[441,539,1847,1872]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="42A2DFAC0A64FFBFFD9FF8DB941EDF51" box="[554,621,1847,1872]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1340,1362]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,332,1320]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[186,1400,321,1334]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Holotype of Chiroleptes platycephalus, BMNH 1947.2. 18.42. A = dorsal view of snout; B = snout in profile; C = palmar view of left hand; D = left foot." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271752/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) and comprehensive set of measurements (mm): SVL = 52.9, FA = 12.8, HW = 25.5, HL 22.4, IO = 9.3, IN = 3.0, ED = 3.5, EN = 4.4, SN = 5.6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A64FFBFFF72F89394F5DF99" blockId="12.[151,1437,1775,2016]" box="[199,646,1919,1944]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
Redefinition of
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A64FFBFFECDF89394F5DF99" box="[376,646,1919,1944]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
Cyclorana
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A64FFBFFE40F89394F5DF99" box="[501,646,1919,1944]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">platycephala</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="928390A20A64FFBEFF72F848945CD91C" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="464" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A64FFBEFF72F848945CD91C" blockId="12.[151,1437,1775,2016]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="464" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A64FFBFFF72F8489732DFBC" bold="true" box="[199,321,1956,1981]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
A medium to large robust burrowing species (SVL: males
|
||
<quantity id="1D616ECC0A64FFBFFC63F8489222DFBD" box="[982,1105,1956,1981]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" unit="mm" value="53.0" valueMax="63.0" valueMin="43.0">43–63 mm</quantity>
|
||
, females
|
||
<quantity id="1D616ECC0A64FFBFFB0FF8489344DFBD" box="[1210,1335,1956,1980]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.95" metricValueMax="7.2" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" unit="mm" value="59.5" valueMax="72.0" valueMin="47.0">47–72 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Clearly assigned to the
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A64FFBFFEF1F82B97C9DFE1" box="[324,442,1991,2016]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">Cyclorana</emphasis>
|
||
by its phylogenetic placement in molecular genetic analyses (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42A2DFAC0A64FFBFFBC5F82B92CDDFE1" box="[1136,1214,1991,2016]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1099,1121]" captionTargetBox="[157,1434,199,1073]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[150,1437,193,1077]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood mitochondrial ND 4 gene tree of Cyclorana. Grey branches had ML bootstrap proportions ≥ 70 % and Bayesian posterior probabilities ≥ 95 %. Letter prefixes of voucher numbers: A = AMS, Q = QM, S = SAMA, W = WAM." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271748/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
) and a combination of its morphological characters, burrowing behaviour, tadpoles and call structure. Distinguished from all other congeners, except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A65FFBEFEDCFF519461D8D4" box="[361,530,188,213]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A65FFBEFEDCFF519461D8D4" box="[361,530,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">C. occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by the more dorsally-tilted eyes, fully webbed toes (no more than half-webbed in all other
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A65FFBEFE93FF3397EFD8F9" box="[294,412,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Cyclorana</emphasis>
|
||
), and the oral disc of tadpoles (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE08BED80A65FFBEFCAAFF3395C2D8F9" author="Anstis" box="[799,945,223,248]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" refString="Anstis, M. (2013) Tadpoles and frogs of Australia. New Holland Publishers, Sydney, 832 pp." type="book" year="2013">Anstis 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). For distinction from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A65FFBEFB0AFF0C931FD8F9" box="[1215,1388,223,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A65FFBEFB0AFF0C931FD8F9" box="[1215,1388,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">C. occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
see Diagnosis for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A65FFBEFE80FEE997AED91C" box="[309,477,260,285]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A65FFBEFE80FEE997AED91C" box="[309,477,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">C. occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="8EE693A10A65FFBEFF22FAD09451DD71" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271752/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" targetBox="[199,1383,332,1320]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A65FFBEFF22FAD09451DD71" blockId="13.[151,1435,1340,1392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A65FFBEFF22FAD09760DD53" bold="true" box="[151,275,1340,1362]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A65FFBEFE2FFAD094D1DD53" box="[410,674,1340,1362]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A65FFBEFE2FFAD094D1DD53" box="[410,674,1340,1362]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Chiroleptes platycephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, BMNH 1947.2.18.42.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A65FFBEFC21FAD095D5DD53" bold="true" box="[916,934,1340,1362]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">A</emphasis>
|
||
= dorsal view of snout;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A65FFBEFB2AFAD092C3DD53" bold="true" box="[1183,1200,1340,1362]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">B</emphasis>
|
||
= snout in profile;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A65FFBEFAC1FAD093F5DD53" bold="true" box="[1396,1414,1340,1362]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">C</emphasis>
|
||
= palmar view of left hand;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A65FFBEFE28FAB697DCDD71" bold="true" box="[413,431,1370,1392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">D</emphasis>
|
||
= left foot.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="928390A20A65FFA1FF72FA7B934DDBFC" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="469" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A65FFBEFF72FA7B9478DF61" blockId="13.[151,1437,1431,2032]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A65FFBEFF72FA7B9748DDB1" bold="true" box="[199,315,1431,1456]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
See also morphological measurements of all preserved specimens (Appendix 1;
|
||
<tableCitation id="971BF6920A65FFBEFB77FA7B9366DDB1" box="[1218,1301,1431,1456]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,239,436,459]" captionText="TABLE 2. Summary of morphological measurements of adult Cyclorana platycephala specimens from eastern and northern populations and C. occidentalis. Values are in mm and are presented as the mean ± SD with the range shown beneath. See Appendix 1 for voucher numbers for each sample measured." pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
) and details of morphological variation (
|
||
<tableCitation id="971BF6920A65FFBEFE67FA57945ADDD5" box="[466,553,1467,1492]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,239,328,351]" captionTargetBox="[159,1421,410,1910]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 3. Summary of adult morphological comparisons between preserved specimens of Cyclorana platycephala sensu lato from eastern and northern populations, and C. occidentalis, with sample size (n) examined for each." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8EE693A10A60FFBBFF22FEA49341D97E" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" tableUuid="8EE693A10A60FFBBFF22FEA49341D97E">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
). Head broad, somewhat depressed, and wider than long. Snout short, rounded to truncate in dorsal view and in profile, mouth wide. Eyes prominent and dorsally oriented, diameter greater than eye-to-nostril distance, with some difference noted in the northern populations (average ED/EN males/females: eastern populations = 1.36±0.18; northern 1.6±0.24). Nostrils open mainly dorsally, with slight lateral tilt, slightly closer to tip of snout than to eyes, distance between them very slightly less than eye to nostril (average IN/EN 0.92±0.12). Canthus rostralis curved, or slightly so in anterior and lateral views (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42A2DFAC0A65FFBEFBE5F98392EADE89" box="[1104,1177,1647,1672]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[158,1427,226,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[158,1428,223,1739]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7. Comparisons of head and body of preserved specimens of Cyclorana platycephala and C. occidentalis: Dorsal and ventral views of body, and dorsal and lateral views of head. A, D, G, J: male C. platycephala (eastern), AMS R 152847; B, E, H, L: female C. platycephala (northern), SAMA R 46608; C, F, I, M: female C. occidentalis, holotype WAM R 111826. Bar represents 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271753/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
), may be almost nonexistent in some very short-snouted northern specimens. Slight ridge from eye to nostril in some. Tympanum distinct, diameter less than eye diameter (average Tymp/ED = 0.80±0.07); annulus slightly raised, supra-tympanic skin fold distinct or indistinct and extends from edge of eye, above tympanum and around its posterior rim, terminating above forearm. Toes fully webbed, fingers unwebbed, thumb opposable. Dorsal skin mostly smooth with or without granular sides, scattered low tubercles present in some and occasionally a few short skin folds (see
|
||
<tableCitation id="971BF6920A65FFBEFF22F8AB969FDF61" box="[151,236,1863,1888]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,239,328,351]" captionTargetBox="[159,1421,410,1910]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 3. Summary of adult morphological comparisons between preserved specimens of Cyclorana platycephala sensu lato from eastern and northern populations, and C. occidentalis, with sample size (n) examined for each." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8EE693A10A60FFBBFF22FEA49341D97E" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" tableUuid="8EE693A10A60FFBBFF22FEA49341D97E">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
). Ventral surface smooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A65FFBEFF72F880946EDFF1" blockId="13.[151,1437,1431,2032]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
Tongue very broad, attached anteriorly, free behind. A prominent vomerine tooth plate on either side of midline, each narrowly separated and laterally adjacent to medial edge of choanae; each tilts slightly posteriorly towards medial edge; ventral edge denticulate with 5–7 small pointed tips; choana almost equal in width to vomerine tooth plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42A2DFAC0A65FFBEFE3BF83B97A3DFF1" box="[398,464,2007,2032]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1104,1126]" captionTargetBox="[177,1407,183,1083]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[172,1414,177,1088]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Vomerine teeth (top row), foot (middle row) and hand (bottom row) of Cyclorana species. A, D, G: C. platycephala (eastern), A = SAMA 46801, D, C = AMS R 152847; B, E, H: C. platycephala (northern), B = AMS R 60331, E, H = SAMA 46608; C, F, I: C. occidentalis. C = WAM R 165306, F, I = Holotype, WAM R 111826. Bar represents 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271754/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
A,B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="8EE693A10A66FFBDFF22F8EC9736DF73" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271753/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" targetBox="[158,1427,226,1725]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A66FFBDFF22F8EC9736DF73" blockId="14.[151,1435,1792,1906]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFF22F8EC9761DF17" bold="true" box="[151,274,1792,1814]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparisons of head and body of preserved specimens of
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFCD0F8EC922ADF17" box="[869,1113,1792,1814]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
|
||
Cyclorana
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A66FFBDFC63F8EC922ADF17" box="[982,1113,1792,1814]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">platycephala</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A66FFBDFB3CF8ED9352DF17" box="[1161,1313,1792,1814]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFB3CF8ED9352DF17" box="[1161,1313,1792,1814]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">C. occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Dorsal and ventral views of body, and dorsal and lateral views of head.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFD4BF8F29563DF35" bold="true" box="[766,784,1822,1844]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFCABF8F29543DF35" bold="true" box="[798,816,1822,1844]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">D</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFC88F8F2953DDF35" bold="true" box="[829,846,1822,1844]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">G</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFCE9F8F29503DF35" bold="true" box="[860,880,1822,1844]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">J:</emphasis>
|
||
male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A66FFBDFC05F8F39222DF35" box="[944,1105,1822,1844]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFC05F8F39222DF35" box="[944,1105,1822,1844]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">C. platycephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(eastern), AMS R152847;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFAD3F8F29304DF35" bold="true" box="[1382,1399,1822,1844]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">B</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFA31F8F293E6DF35" bold="true" box="[1412,1429,1822,1844]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">E</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFF22F8D196D8DF52" bold="true" box="[151,171,1853,1875]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">H</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFF0CF8D196B9DF52" bold="true" box="[185,202,1853,1875]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">L</emphasis>
|
||
: female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A66FFBDFE93F8D297BBDF52" box="[294,456,1853,1875]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFE93F8D297BBDF52" box="[294,456,1853,1875]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">C. platycephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(northern), SAMA R46608;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFD43F8D1957BDF52" bold="true" box="[758,776,1853,1875]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFCA2F8D19557DF52" bold="true" box="[791,804,1853,1875]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">F</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFC86F8D1954EDF52" bold="true" box="[819,829,1853,1875]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">I</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFCFEF8D19510DF52" bold="true" box="[843,867,1853,1875]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">M</emphasis>
|
||
: female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A66FFBDFC0AF8D2922BDF52" box="[959,1112,1853,1875]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A66FFBDFC0AF8D2922BDF52" box="[959,1112,1853,1875]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">C. occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype WAM R111826. Bar represents 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="8EE693A10A67FFBCFF22FBBC932FDCA2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271754/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" targetBox="[177,1407,183,1083]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A67FFBCFF22FBBC932FDCA2" blockId="15.[151,1436,1104,1187]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A67FFBCFF22FBBC976BDC67" bold="true" box="[151,280,1104,1126]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Vomerine teeth (top row), foot (middle row) and hand (bottom row) of
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A67FFBCFB8AFBBC92D9DC67" box="[1087,1194,1104,1126]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Cyclorana</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A67FFBCFAA7FBBC9357DC67" bold="true" box="[1298,1316,1104,1126]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A67FFBCFA82FBBC933ADC67" bold="true" box="[1335,1353,1104,1126]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">D</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A67FFBCFAE9FBBC930BDC67" bold="true" box="[1372,1400,1104,1126]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">G:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A67FFBCFA31FBBD9769DC85" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A67FFBCFA31FBBD9769DC85" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">C. platycephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(eastern), A = SAMA 46801, D, C = AMS R152847;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A67FFBCFCF1FB829526DC85" bold="true" box="[836,853,1134,1156]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">B</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A67FFBCFCD6FB829507DC85" bold="true" box="[867,884,1134,1156]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">E</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A67FFBCFC35FB8295EFDC85" bold="true" box="[896,924,1134,1156]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">H:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A67FFBCFC16FB839237DC85" box="[931,1092,1134,1156]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A67FFBCFC16FB839237DC85" box="[931,1092,1134,1156]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">C. platycephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(northern), B = AMS R60331, E, H = SAMA 46608;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A67FFBCFED5FB619701DCA2" bold="true" box="[352,370,1165,1187]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A67FFBCFECAFB6197FFDCA2" bold="true" box="[383,396,1165,1187]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">F</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A67FFBCFE2CFB6197D8DCA2" bold="true" box="[409,427,1165,1187]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">I:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A67FFBCFE07FB62943ADCA2" box="[434,585,1165,1187]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A67FFBCFE07FB62943ADCA2" box="[434,585,1165,1187]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">C. occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. C = WAM R165306, F, I = Holotype, WAM R111826. Bar represents 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A67FFBCFF72FB279522DD95" blockId="15.[151,1436,1226,2033]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">
|
||
Arms fairly short (FA/SVL = 0.23±0.08), hindlimbs short and robust (TibL/SVL 0.39±0.04). Fingers unwebbed, decreasing in order of length 3˃4˃1˃2; subarticular tubercles well defined, inner metacarpal tubercle large, oval and fleshy, tapering anteriorly; toes decreasing in order of 4˃5˃3˃2˃1, fully webbed to tips but tapering to broad lateral fringes towards tip of fourth toe; subarticular tubercles poorly defined and small, inner metatarsal tubercle large, ovoid and partly or fully unattached beneath medial edge; tips of fingers and toes slightly fleshy, no wider than digit and no circum-marginal grooves (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42A2DFAC0A67FFBCFD7EFA90957EDD95" box="[715,781,1404,1429]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1104,1126]" captionTargetBox="[177,1407,183,1083]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[172,1414,177,1088]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Vomerine teeth (top row), foot (middle row) and hand (bottom row) of Cyclorana species. A, D, G: C. platycephala (eastern), A = SAMA 46801, D, C = AMS R 152847; B, E, H: C. platycephala (northern), B = AMS R 60331, E, H = SAMA 46608; C, F, I: C. occidentalis. C = WAM R 165306, F, I = Holotype, WAM R 111826. Bar represents 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271754/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
G,H).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A67FFBCFF72FA7395FCDF63" blockId="15.[151,1436,1226,2033]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A67FFBCFF72FA73946EDDB9" box="[199,541,1439,1464]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Colour and skin texture in life.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsum ranges from grey, often with green areas and sometimes pinkish tinges, to dull yellow-brown (with or without darker flecks or patches) or uniform green. Specimens from the grey and brown clay soils of the Bourke/Nyngan/Gilgandra regions in western NSW usually have smooth skin, and adults tend to have a grey dorsum with green areas (with or without scattered flecks or pinkish tinges) or are sometimes all dull green. Specimens from south-western Qld are dull yellow-brown with or without reddish tinges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42A2DFAC0A67FFBCFAFDF9C193FDDE47" box="[1352,1422,1581,1606]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1766,1788]" captionTargetBox="[239,1305,200,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[239,1306,193,1734]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Comparisons of live adults of eastern and northern representatives of Cyclorana platycephala and C. occidentalis. Cyclorana platycephala (eastern): A = male AMS R 175496, lateral view, 6.6 km N Bourke, NSW; D = dorsal view, same specimen; G = male no voucher, dorsal view in habitat, 16 km NE Warren, NSW; J = female QM J 85400, lateral view, Craven Peak, 143 km SW Boulia, Qld; M = male no voucher, anterolateral view, 143 km SW Boulia, Qld. Cyclorana platycephala (northern): B = male AMS R 175498, lateral view, 47 km N Barkly Homestead, NT; E = dorsal view, same specimen as B; H = female AMS R 175499, lateral view, 49 km N Barkly Homestead, NT; K = dorsal view, same specimen as H; N = no voucher, anterior view, 86 km N Barkly Homestead, NT. Cyclorana occidentalis. C = lateral view, holotype female WAM R 111826; F = dorsal view, same specimen; I = anterior view, same specimen; L = female no voucher, lateral view, Carnarvon, WA; O = male no voucher, lateral view, Carnarvon, WA." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271755/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Some specimens have a paler green or cream vertebral stripe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42A2DFAC0A67FFBCFCEAF9BC95D7DE68" box="[863,932,1616,1641]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1766,1788]" captionTargetBox="[239,1305,200,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[239,1306,193,1734]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Comparisons of live adults of eastern and northern representatives of Cyclorana platycephala and C. occidentalis. Cyclorana platycephala (eastern): A = male AMS R 175496, lateral view, 6.6 km N Bourke, NSW; D = dorsal view, same specimen; G = male no voucher, dorsal view in habitat, 16 km NE Warren, NSW; J = female QM J 85400, lateral view, Craven Peak, 143 km SW Boulia, Qld; M = male no voucher, anterolateral view, 143 km SW Boulia, Qld. Cyclorana platycephala (northern): B = male AMS R 175498, lateral view, 47 km N Barkly Homestead, NT; E = dorsal view, same specimen as B; H = female AMS R 175499, lateral view, 49 km N Barkly Homestead, NT; K = dorsal view, same specimen as H; N = no voucher, anterior view, 86 km N Barkly Homestead, NT. Cyclorana occidentalis. C = lateral view, holotype female WAM R 111826; F = dorsal view, same specimen; I = anterior view, same specimen; L = female no voucher, lateral view, Carnarvon, WA; O = male no voucher, lateral view, Carnarvon, WA." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271755/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
G). Limbs and upper lip usually with darker flecks or mottling. Further north in the Boulia region in south-western Qld, the skin is more granular, with scattered tubercles, and frogs in life tend to be dull yellow-brown (some with dull reddish tinges). Specimens found in the heavy grey clay soil areas from the north-eastern locality east of Clermont, Qld are immaculate light grey with faint greenish tinges and smooth skin (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE08BED80A67FFBCFD97F9339541DEF6" author="Meyer" box="[546,818,1759,1783]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" refString="Meyer, E. & Agnew, L. (2013) A range extension of the water holding frog (Cyclorana platycephala) in Queensland. Queensland Naturalist, 51, 19 - 22." type="journal article" year="2013">Meyer & Agnew 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Those from the Barkly Tableland, NT mostly have smooth grey skin (29% slightly granular), with a pink wash over the eyelids, along either side of the vertebral region and on the dorsal surface of the limbs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42A2DFAC0A67FFBCFD14F8C99497DF3F" box="[673,740,1829,1854]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1766,1788]" captionTargetBox="[239,1305,200,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[239,1306,193,1734]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Comparisons of live adults of eastern and northern representatives of Cyclorana platycephala and C. occidentalis. Cyclorana platycephala (eastern): A = male AMS R 175496, lateral view, 6.6 km N Bourke, NSW; D = dorsal view, same specimen; G = male no voucher, dorsal view in habitat, 16 km NE Warren, NSW; J = female QM J 85400, lateral view, Craven Peak, 143 km SW Boulia, Qld; M = male no voucher, anterolateral view, 143 km SW Boulia, Qld. Cyclorana platycephala (northern): B = male AMS R 175498, lateral view, 47 km N Barkly Homestead, NT; E = dorsal view, same specimen as B; H = female AMS R 175499, lateral view, 49 km N Barkly Homestead, NT; K = dorsal view, same specimen as H; N = no voucher, anterior view, 86 km N Barkly Homestead, NT. Cyclorana occidentalis. C = lateral view, holotype female WAM R 111826; F = dorsal view, same specimen; I = anterior view, same specimen; L = female no voucher, lateral view, Carnarvon, WA; O = male no voucher, lateral view, Carnarvon, WA." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271755/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
H, K, N), and some have scattered olive-grey flecks (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42A2DFAC0A67FFBCFA8AF8C993F0DF3F" box="[1343,1411,1829,1854]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1766,1788]" captionTargetBox="[239,1305,200,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[239,1306,193,1734]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Comparisons of live adults of eastern and northern representatives of Cyclorana platycephala and C. occidentalis. Cyclorana platycephala (eastern): A = male AMS R 175496, lateral view, 6.6 km N Bourke, NSW; D = dorsal view, same specimen; G = male no voucher, dorsal view in habitat, 16 km NE Warren, NSW; J = female QM J 85400, lateral view, Craven Peak, 143 km SW Boulia, Qld; M = male no voucher, anterolateral view, 143 km SW Boulia, Qld. Cyclorana platycephala (northern): B = male AMS R 175498, lateral view, 47 km N Barkly Homestead, NT; E = dorsal view, same specimen as B; H = female AMS R 175499, lateral view, 49 km N Barkly Homestead, NT; K = dorsal view, same specimen as H; N = no voucher, anterior view, 86 km N Barkly Homestead, NT. Cyclorana occidentalis. C = lateral view, holotype female WAM R 111826; F = dorsal view, same specimen; I = anterior view, same specimen; L = female no voucher, lateral view, Carnarvon, WA; O = male no voucher, lateral view, Carnarvon, WA." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271755/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
B, E). Belly white; throat dark grey in calling, adult males. Iris golden.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A67FFBCFF72F8809693DFF0" blockId="15.[151,1436,1226,2033]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A67FFBCFF72F88097A5DF84" box="[199,470,1900,1925]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Colour in preservative.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal colour grey, grey-brown or brown, with or without faint darker flecks or mottling; some specimens (3%) with pale-grey vertebral stripe. No specimens from the northern populations have a pale vertebral stripe. Limbs and upper lip usually mottled or flecked. Belly cream or white, throat dark grey in adult males.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="8EE693A10A78FFA3FF22F90A9448DFF0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271755/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" targetBox="[239,1305,200,1725]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A78FFA3FF22F90A9448DFF0" blockId="16.[151,1437,1766,2033]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FF22F90A9761DEFD" bold="true" box="[151,274,1766,1788]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparisons of live adults of eastern and northern representatives of
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FC6CF90A92BEDEFD" box="[985,1229,1766,1788]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
|
||
Cyclorana
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A78FFA3FBFFF90A92BEDEFD" box="[1098,1229,1766,1788]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">platycephala</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FB4BF90B97FDDF1B" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A78FFA3FB4BF90B93EADEFD" box="[1278,1433,1766,1788]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">C. occidentalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Cyclorana
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A78FFA3FEBEF8E897FDDF1B" box="[267,398,1796,1818]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">platycephala</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(eastern):
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FE4AF8E89462DF1B" bold="true" box="[511,529,1796,1818]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">A</emphasis>
|
||
= male AMS R175496, lateral view, 6.6 km N Bourke, NSW;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FB1AF8E892B2DF1B" bold="true" box="[1199,1217,1796,1818]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">D</emphasis>
|
||
= dorsal view, same specimen;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FEB1F8CF976BDF38" bold="true" box="[260,280,1827,1849]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">G</emphasis>
|
||
= male no voucher, dorsal view in habitat, 16 km NE Warren, NSW;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FC6CF8CF9595DF38" bold="true" box="[985,998,1827,1849]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">J</emphasis>
|
||
= female QM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="C5CA5ECA0A78FFA3FBCEF8CF92B4DF38" box="[1147,1223,1827,1849]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J85400" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="EnaNcbi">J85400</accessionNumber>
|
||
, lateral view, Craven Peak, 143 km SW Boulia, Qld;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FE51F8AE978FDF59" bold="true" box="[484,508,1858,1880]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">M</emphasis>
|
||
= male no voucher, anterolateral view, 143 km SW Boulia, Qld.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FB13F8AE93EFDF59" box="[1190,1436,1858,1880]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
|
||
Cyclorana
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A78FFA3FAACF8AE93EFDF59" box="[1305,1436,1858,1880]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">platycephala</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(northern):
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FEBEF88C976FDF77" bold="true" box="[267,284,1888,1910]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">B</emphasis>
|
||
= male AMS R175498, lateral view, 47 km N Barkly Homestead, NT;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FC58F88C958DDF77" bold="true" box="[1005,1022,1888,1910]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">E</emphasis>
|
||
= dorsal view, same specimen as B;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FAC1F88C93FBDF77" bold="true" box="[1396,1416,1888,1910]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">H</emphasis>
|
||
= female AMS R175499, lateral view, 49 km N Barkly Homestead, NT;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FCD2F8939508DF94" bold="true" box="[871,891,1919,1941]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">K</emphasis>
|
||
= dorsal view, same specimen as H;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FB43F893937BDF94" bold="true" box="[1270,1288,1919,1941]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">N</emphasis>
|
||
= no voucher, anterior view, 86 km N Barkly Homestead, NT.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FDC9F8729514DFB5" box="[636,871,1950,1972]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">
|
||
Cyclorana
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A78FFA3FD58F8729514DFB5" box="[749,871,1950,1972]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">occidentalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FCC1F87295F5DFB5" bold="true" box="[884,902,1950,1972]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">C</emphasis>
|
||
= lateral view, holotype female WAM R111826;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FACDF87293F4DFB5" bold="true" box="[1400,1415,1950,1972]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">F</emphasis>
|
||
= dorsal view, same specimen;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FE0BF85097BBDFD3" bold="true" box="[446,456,1980,2002]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">I</emphasis>
|
||
= anterior view, same specimen;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FCAEF850955FDFD3" bold="true" box="[795,812,1980,2002]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">L</emphasis>
|
||
= female no voucher, lateral view, Carnarvon, WA;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A78FFA3FA89F8509323DFD3" bold="true" box="[1340,1360,1980,2002]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">O</emphasis>
|
||
= male no voucher, lateral view, Carnarvon, WA.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="8EE693A10A79FFA2FF22F9D193F5DEEC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271756/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" targetBox="[175,1396,188,1574]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A79FFA2FF22F9D193F5DEEC" blockId="17.[151,1436,1597,1773]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FF22F9D19753DE52" bold="true" box="[151,288,1597,1619]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparisons of tadpoles of
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FDFCF9D194C7DE52" box="[585,692,1597,1619]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Cyclorana</emphasis>
|
||
taxa in life (
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FC8CF9D19514DE52" bold="true" box="[825,871,1597,1619]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">A–F</emphasis>
|
||
) and preserved (
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FBA0F9D1923ADE52" bold="true" box="[1045,1097,1597,1619]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">G–H</emphasis>
|
||
) and features of the oral disc (
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FA30F9D196D8DE73" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">I– K</emphasis>
|
||
). Lateral and dorsal views of live tadpoles:
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FDCEF9B094FEDE73" bold="true" box="[635,653,1628,1650]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FD29F9B094DEDE73" bold="true" box="[668,685,1628,1650]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">B</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A79FFA2FD78F9B19503DE73" box="[717,880,1628,1650]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FD78F9B19503DE73" box="[717,880,1628,1650]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">C. platycephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(eastern), stage 39, Gulargambone, NSW;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FA84F9B09330DE73" bold="true" box="[1329,1347,1628,1650]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FAE6F9B09316DE73" bold="true" box="[1363,1381,1628,1650]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">D</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A79FFA2FA31F9B19769DE90" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FA31F9B19769DE90" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">C. platycephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(northern) stage 39, 86 km N Barkly Homestead, NT;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FCF7F9979520DE90" bold="true" box="[834,851,1659,1681]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">E</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FCEAF997951DDE90" bold="true" box="[863,878,1659,1681]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">F</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A79FFA2FC3CF9979253DE90" box="[905,1056,1659,1681]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FC3CF9979253DE90" box="[905,1056,1659,1681]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">C. occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, stage 37, Carnarvon, WA. Preserved tadpoles:
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FF4EF975977CDEAE" bold="true" box="[251,271,1689,1711]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">G</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A79FFA2FE98F97697A3DEAE" box="[301,464,1689,1711]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FE98F97697A3DEAE" box="[301,464,1689,1711]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">C. platycephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(eastern), stage 37, Gulargambone, NSW;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FC3AF97595D0DEAE" bold="true" box="[911,931,1689,1711]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">H</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A79FFA2FC74F9769217DEAE" box="[961,1124,1689,1711]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FC74F9769217DEAE" box="[961,1124,1689,1711]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">C. platycephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(northern) stage 39, 86 km N Barkly Homestead, NT. Oral discs:
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FE4BF954947BDECF" bold="true" box="[510,520,1720,1742]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">I</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A79FFA2FD97F95594B0DECF" box="[546,707,1720,1742]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FD97F95594B0DECF" box="[546,707,1720,1742]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">C. platycephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(eastern), stage 40, Boomi, NSW;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FB97F954925CDECF" bold="true" box="[1058,1071,1720,1742]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">J</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A79FFA2FBFCF955929ADECF" box="[1097,1257,1720,1742]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FBFCF955929ADECF" box="[1097,1257,1720,1742]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">C. platycephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(northern)., stage 39, 86 km N Barkly Homestead, NT;
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FDA6F93B9454DEEC" bold="true" box="[531,551,1751,1773]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">K</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A79FFA2FDF7F93494AADEEC" box="[578,729,1751,1773]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FDF7F93494AADEEC" box="[578,729,1751,1773]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">C. occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, stage 35, Carnarvon, WA. Bars for G and H = 5 mm, I–K = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A79FFA2FF72F8F597ECDFC3" blockId="17.[151,1437,1817,2022]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FF72F8F5974BDF33" bold="true" box="[199,312,1817,1842]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Tadpoles.</emphasis>
|
||
Tadpoles were described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE08BED80A79FFA2FD27F8F59541DF33" author="Anstis" box="[658,818,1817,1842]" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" refString="Anstis, M. (2013) Tadpoles and frogs of Australia. New Holland Publishers, Sydney, 832 pp." type="book" year="2013">Anstis (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Photographs in life of a specimen from eastern and northern regions and morphometric measurements are provided here for comparison (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42A2DFAC0A79FFA2FBE9F8D192C3DF57" box="[1116,1200,1853,1878]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1597,1619]" captionTargetBox="[175,1396,188,1574]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[173,1396,173,1580]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Comparisons of tadpoles of Cyclorana taxa in life (A – F) and preserved (G – H) and features of the oral disc (I – K). Lateral and dorsal views of live tadpoles: A, B = C. platycephala (eastern), stage 39, Gulargambone, NSW; C, D = C. platycephala (northern) stage 39, 86 km N Barkly Homestead, NT; E, F = C. occidentalis, stage 37, Carnarvon, WA. Preserved tadpoles: G = C. platycephala (eastern), stage 37, Gulargambone, NSW; H = C. platycephala (northern) stage 39, 86 km N Barkly Homestead, NT. Oral discs: I = C. platycephala (eastern), stage 40, Boomi, NSW; J = C. platycephala (northern)., stage 39, 86 km N Barkly Homestead, NT; K = C. occidentalis, stage 35, Carnarvon, WA. Bars for G and H = 5 mm, I – K = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271756/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="971BF6920A79FFA2FB09F8D19361DF57" box="[1212,1298,1853,1878]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 4. Summary of morphological measurements of larval Cyclorana platycephala sensu lato from eastern and northern populations, and C. occidentalis. Values are in mm and are presented as the mean ± SD with the range shown beneath." pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). Maximum size: TL to
|
||
<quantity id="1D616ECC0A79FFA2FEAAF88E97F2DF78" box="[287,385,1890,1914]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" unit="mm" value="109.0">109 mm</quantity>
|
||
, BL to
|
||
<quantity id="1D616ECC0A79FFA2FE69F88E945EDF78" box="[476,557,1890,1914]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" unit="mm" value="37.0">37 mm</quantity>
|
||
(stage 41, Bourke, NSW), but many only grow to about
|
||
<quantity id="1D616ECC0A79FFA2FB73F88E9331DF78" box="[1222,1346,1890,1914]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" unit="mm" value="75.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="70.0">70–80 mm</quantity>
|
||
in total length. Tadpoles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A79FFA2FECDF86A9458DF9F" box="[376,555,1925,1950]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="468" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FECDF86A9458DF9F" box="[376,555,1925,1950]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">C. platycephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have moderately large to very large, plump bodies with dorsolateral eyes and moderately arched fins.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A79FFA1FF72F8219549D982" blockId="17.[151,1437,1817,2022]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1437,151,1760]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="469" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A79FFA2FF72F8219716DFE7" box="[199,357,1997,2022]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="468">Colour in life.</emphasis>
|
||
Tadpoles in earlier stages 25–26, as observed in the field from an eastern population, have a fine layer of gold over dorsum and may have a darker line along either side of vertebral region with a darker area over base of body. As they grow the dorsum becomes more uniformly pigmented with a layer of gold, merging with opaque silver-white and a copper-gold or greenish sheen over sides of body and venter. Iris gold. Tail muscle in fully-grown tadpoles light or darker grey-brown, with gold flecks over sides. Fins transparent to dusky dark grey, densely speckled with gold and often green iridophores. Tadpoles from northern populations on the Barkly Tableland were only observed in later stages, but were dark olive-brown over the dorsum merging with a green sheen and dull opaque silver-white over sides and on venter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A7AFFA1FF72FE6294D3D9CB" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A7AFFA1FF72FE6297B1D9A7" box="[199,450,398,423]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Colour in preservative</emphasis>
|
||
. All gold and silver-white pigment is lost in preservative and tadpoles are dull and more translucent with darker internal organs visible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A7AFFA1FF72FE3894DDDA35" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A7AFFA1FF72FE389748D9EC" box="[199,315,468,493]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Oral disc.</emphasis>
|
||
The key characters summarised from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE08BED80A7AFFA1FD4BFE3895E8D9EC" author="Anstis" box="[766,923,468,493]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" refString="Anstis, M. (2013) Tadpoles and frogs of Australia. New Holland Publishers, Sydney, 832 pp." type="book" year="2013">Anstis (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are: broad anterior medial gap in border of marginal papillae, two anterior and three posterior tooth rows with medial gap in second anterior and first posterior rows, robust jaw sheaths, upper broadly arched.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A7AFFA1FF72FDD294B5DB4C" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A7AFFA1FF72FDD29706DA56" box="[199,373,574,599]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Metamorphosis</emphasis>
|
||
. The duration of larval life ranges from 30–50 days (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE08BED80A7AFFA1FC5CFDD2920ADA56" author="Anstis" box="[1001,1145,574,599]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" refString="Anstis, M. (2013) Tadpoles and frogs of Australia. New Holland Publishers, Sydney, 832 pp." type="book" year="2013">Anstis 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but in hotter regions in summer may be much less. Metamorphosis has been observed in late October to May in eastern populations from NSW (spring to autumn), and in late summer (February) in the Barkly Tableland, NT, but in areas of low and unpredictable rainfall, could occur at any time from spring to autumn. Metamorphs strongly resemble the adult in colour and skin texture, but the tympanum is not distinct initially. Fourteen recent metamorphs from tadpoles raised in captivity from eastern populations had a mean SVL of
|
||
<quantity id="1D616ECC0A7AFFA1FCFBFD0395D1DB07" box="[846,930,751,775]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" unit="mm" value="27.0">27 mm</quantity>
|
||
(22.0–38.0 mm) and two from the Barkly Tablelands were 26.0 and
|
||
<quantity id="1D616ECC0A7AFFA1FE09FCFD9452DB28" box="[444,545,785,810]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" unit="mm" value="25.5">25.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE08BED80A7AFFA1FD9AFCFD94CFDB2B" author="Anstis" box="[559,700,785,810]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" refString="Anstis, M. (2013) Tadpoles and frogs of Australia. New Holland Publishers, Sydney, 832 pp." type="book" year="2013">Anstis 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). SVL of recent metamorphs observed in the field were similar to those raised in captivity, but none were measured.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A7AFFA1FF72FCBB934DDBFC" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A7AFFA1FF72FCBB9757DB71" box="[199,292,855,880]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Tadpoles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A7AFFA1FE7FFCB494F0DB71" box="[458,643,855,880]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A7AFFA1FE7FFCB494F0DB71" box="[458,643,855,880]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">C. platycephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been observed in muddy, grey or brown water and clearer ephemeral water bodies in clay-soil areas, where they tend to be whitish-gold (muddy water) or yellow-ochre (clearer water) when fully grown, with a silver-white belly. Some have also been observed in the field with black tails at night and early morning (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE08BED80A7AFFA1FDBEFC2E9258DBDB" author="Meyer" box="[523,1067,961,986]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" refString="Meyer, E. & Agnew, L. (2013) A range extension of the water holding frog (Cyclorana platycephala) in Queensland. Queensland Naturalist, 51, 19 - 22." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Meyer & Agnew 2013; M. Anstis,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A7AFFA1FC29FC2D9258DBDB" box="[924,1067,961,986]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">unpubl. data</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).Those at more advanced stages from the Barkly Tableland were dull grey to olive-brown above in clearer water over black, clay substrate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="928390A20A7AFFA1FF72FBEB9224DC21" box="[199,1111,1031,1056]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A7AFFA1FF72FBEB9224DC21" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1760]" box="[199,1111,1031,1056]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A7AFFA1FF72FBEB973DDC21" bold="true" box="[199,334,1031,1056]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet is Latin for ‘flat’ (
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A7AFFA1FCB1FBEB954FDC21" box="[772,828,1031,1056]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">platy</emphasis>
|
||
) and ‘headed’ (
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A7AFFA1FC5BFBEB9234DC21" box="[1006,1095,1031,1056]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">cephala</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="928390A20A7AFFA1FF72FBC7937ADEE1" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A7AFFA1FF72FBC7936DDD81" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A7AFFA1FF72FBC7978BDC45" bold="true" box="[199,504,1067,1092]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Occurs across a wide area of eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A28E83B90A7AFFA1FC0CFBC79253DC45" box="[953,1056,1067,1092]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
in lower rainfall inland areas of NSW, Qld, southern NT and northern SA (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42A2DFAC0A7AFFA1FDCCFBA294C8DC66" box="[633,699,1102,1127]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1372,1394]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,301,1350]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[152,1435,301,1351]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing museum records (small symbols) and sites sampled for the molecular genetic analysis (large symbols) of Cyclorana platycephala sensu lato populations. Black = eastern populations, red = northern populations (C. platycephala sensu stricto), blue = western populations (C. occidentalis sp. nov)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271747/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). There are specimens from more than 10 Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A28E83B90A7AFFA1FED9FB9D97A0DC8B" box="[364,467,1137,1162]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(IBRA) bioregions (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE08BED80A7AFFA1FD0EFB9D9276DC8B" author="Thackway" box="[699,1029,1137,1162]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" refString="Thackway, R. & Cresswell, I. D. (1995) An interim biogeographic regionalisation of Australia. Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Reserve Systems Unit, Canberra, 88 pp." type="book" year="1995">Thackway & Cresswell 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Department of Environment 2012), but principally, in decreasing order of number of specimens, from: Channel Country, Mulga Lands, Darling Riverine Plains, Stony Plains, Cobar Peneplain and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A7AFFA1FCBEFB5B9587DCD1" authority="Bioregions" authorityName="Bioregions" box="[779,1012,1207,1232]" family="Percichthyidae" genus="Riverina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Riverina Bioregions</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Atlas of Living
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A28E83B90A7AFFA1FB67FB5B934ADCD1" box="[1234,1337,1207,1232]" name="Australia" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
website www.ala.org.au, accessed
|
||
<date id="AE27E5E90A7AFFA1FE0BFB379431DCF5" box="[446,578,1243,1268]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" value="2015-09-01">1 Sep 2015</date>
|
||
). They commonly occur in clay-based soils where water is more likely to be held for longer periods at the surface after heavy rain. Within the Brigalow Belt, for example, they avoid sandy cypress and sandstone areas in favour of adjoining communities such as brigalow, belah and coolabah on clay soil (H.B. Hines & E. Meyer,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A7AFFA1FE7AFAA89411DD5C" box="[463,610,1348,1373]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">unpubl. data</emphasis>
|
||
). After active periods, they burrow into clay soil, where they remain cocooned in their sloughed skin within a small cavity, sometimes for several years (van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE08BED80A7AFFA1FBC5FA8B9361DD81" author="Beurden" box="[1136,1298,1383,1408]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" refString="van Beurden, E. (1982) Desert adaptations of Cyclorana platycephalus: a holistic approach to desert adaptation in frogs. In: Barker, W. R. & Greenslade, P. J. M. (Eds.), Evolution of the flora and fauna of Arid Australia. Peacock Publications, South Australia, pp. 235 - 240." type="book chapter" year="1982">Beurden 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A7AFFA1FF72FA67928EDDC6" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A7AFFA1FF72FA6797C1DDA5" bold="true" box="[199,434,1419,1444]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Advertisement call.</emphasis>
|
||
The call is a long continuous pulse train, rising in amplitude mid-call, then declining relatively gradually, resulting in a nasal “ maaaaaaaah” repeated every 1–2 seconds (
|
||
<figureCitation id="42A2DFAC0A7AFFA1FBFFFA4292FDDDC6" box="[1098,1166,1454,1479]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[276,1304,822,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[270,1317,805,1869]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Calls of C. platycephala and C. occidentalis: upper traces of a complete call (left) and, showing details of pulse structure (right). Bars indicate relevant time scales. Lower traces are a power spectrum display of the whole call demonstrating peak frequencies and the absence of any harmonic structure (see text for further discussion about presenting frequency information in calls with a pulsed structure)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271751/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="971BF6920A7AFFA1FB2EFA42929CDDC6" box="[1179,1263,1454,1479]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 5. Mean values for analysed call characteristics from recordings of eastern Cyclorana platycephala sensu lato and C. occidentalis. D'n = duration." pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DA26C3290A7AFFA1FF72FA3D937ADEE1" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A7AFFA1FF72FA3D97CBDDEB" bold="true" box="[199,440,1489,1514]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Breeding behaviour.</emphasis>
|
||
An explosive breeder, with breeding occurring in ephemeral wetlands within a few hours of heavy rainfall in warmer months. Males call while partly submerged or afloat in water. Calling, and presumably breeding, drops off considerably or ceases within a day or two of the rainfall event. In NSW,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE08BED80A7AFFA1FB1AF9FB9692DE52" author="Lemckert" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" refString="Lemckert, F. & Mahony, M. (2008) Core calling periods of the frogs of temperate New South Wales, Australia. Herpetological Conservation and Biology, 3, 71 - 76." type="journal article" year="2008">Lemckert & Mahony (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
showed calling records for this species in October, November, March and April. In Qld, calls have been heard in November, December, February and March, with amplectant pairs observed in February (H.B. Hines,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A7AFFA1FF22F96D975BDE9B" box="[151,296,1665,1690]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">unpubl. data</emphasis>
|
||
). Small tadpoles at stage 25 have been collected in October (M. Anstis,
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A7AFFA1FB30F96D9364DE9B" box="[1157,1303,1665,1690]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">unpubl. data</emphasis>
|
||
). From the detailed studies on the natural history of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D99B8AA0A7AFFA1FDC6F949955BDEBC" box="[627,808,1700,1725]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Chiroleptes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8ED1F3B0A7AFFA1FDC6F949955BDEBC" box="[627,808,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">C. platycephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
undertaken in the Coonamble-Walgett district of New South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A28E83B90A7AFFA1FF6AF92B9750DEE1" box="[223,291,1735,1760]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="18" pageNumber="469">Wales</collectingCountry>
|
||
(van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BE08BED80A7AFFA1FED6F92B9477DEE1" author="Beurden" box="[355,516,1735,1760]" pageId="18" pageNumber="469" refString="van Beurden, E. (1982) Desert adaptations of Cyclorana platycephalus: a holistic approach to desert adaptation in frogs. In: Barker, W. R. & Greenslade, P. J. M. (Eds.), Evolution of the flora and fauna of Arid Australia. Peacock Publications, South Australia, pp. 235 - 240." type="book chapter" year="1982">Beurden 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), breeding does not seem to occur following heavy rainfall in winter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |