284 lines
30 KiB
XML
284 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1110-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="88D66028C7A752528DD9138A2105F895" ID-ZooBank="01302157EE404B9999DD3EC3377D929C" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1110-1" checkinTime="1657006639549" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pholyotha, Arthit, Sutcharit, Chirasak, Lin, Aung & Panha, Somsak" docDate="2022" docId="5136A396BCE55D5EA3A97096C6FF4DFA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1110: 1-37" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1110" docPubDate="2022-07-04" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461" docTitle="Burmochlamys versicolor Pholyotha & Panha 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="096635E4-809B-437B-BE16-197FD4D38D1B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="88D66028C7A752528DD9138A2105F895" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="88D66028C7A752528DD9138A2105F895" masterDocTitle="Uncovering local endemism from southeastern Myanmar: description of the new karst-associated terrestrial snail genus Burmochlamys (Eupulmonata, Helicarionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="37" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1657006941096" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Uncovering local endemism from southeastern Myanmar: description of the new karst-associated terrestrial snail genus Burmochlamys (Eupulmonata, Helicarionidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pholyotha, Arthit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lin, Aung</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Fauna and Flora International, Sanchaung Township, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand & Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">somsak.pan@chula.ac.th</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-07-04</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1110</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>37</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1110-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">01302157EE404B9999DD3EC3377D929C</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">88D66028C7A752528DD9138A2105F895</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:096635E4-809B-437B-BE16-197FD4D38D1B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5136A396BCE55D5EA3A97096C6FF4DFA" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/096635E4-809B-437B-BE16-197FD4D38D1B" authority="Pholyotha & Panha" authorityName="Pholyotha & Panha" authorityYear="2022" family="Helicarionidae" genus="Burmochlamys" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Burmochlamys versicolor" order="Eupulmonata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="versicolor" status="sp. nov.">Burmochlamys versicolor Pholyotha & Panha</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Map of the Salween River basin (known as Thanlwin River) in the southeastern Myanmar showing the sampling sites. Coloured triangles indicate the localities recorded for each Burmochlamys species. White circles indicate the localities recorded for Sophina species. White squares indicate the sampling localities with no records of both Sophina and Burmochlamys species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709567" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habitat of some species of Burmochlamys gen. nov. in the karst basin of Hpa-An, Kayin State, Myanmar. A type locality of B. fasciola sp. nov. at Bardai Mountain and microhabitat structure of the karst wall B newly discovered locality of B. poongee at Kaw Ka Thaung Cave C type locality of B. albida sp. nov. at Waiponla Monastery D type locality of B. moulmeinica sp. nov. at Lun Nya Pagoda E type locality of B. versicolor sp. nov. at Bayin Nyi Cave. Photos by Ruttapon Srisonchai." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709568" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 2E</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A adult of B. moulmeinica sp. nov. while climbing slowly on the karst wall after raining at Lun Nya Pagoda B mating pairs of B. versicolor sp. nov. on the karst wall at Bayin Nyi Cave C B. versicolor sp. nov. eaten by the carnivorous snail Carinartemis sp. on the karst wall at Bayin Nyi Cave D B. cassidula eaten by the carnivorous snail Haploptychius sp. on the karst wall at Kaw Gon Cave." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709570" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4B, C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Living snails of Burmochlamys species A B. fasciola sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14214 showing left and right lateral views B B. cassidula specimen CUMZ 14209 C B. poongee specimen CUMZ 14210 D B. albida sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14212 E B. moulmeinica sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14217 F B. versicolor sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14219 G B. whitteni sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14222." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709571" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. General view of the genital system of Burmochlamys species A B. fasciola sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14214 B B. moulmeinica sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14217 C B. versicolor sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14219. White arrow indicates the end of the penis. Yellow arrow indicates the solid at the tip of dart apparatus. Red-dotted line indicates vas deferens missing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709576" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 10C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Shells of Burmochlamys species A, B B. versicolor sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 14218, and D paratype CUMZ 14219 C, D B. whitteni sp. nov. C holotype CUMZ 14221, and D paratype CUMZ 14222." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709578" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 12A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Representative SEM images of the shell of Burmochlamys species A-C B. moulmeinica sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14217 A protoconch B body whorl C zoom-in view of body whorl. D-F B. versicolor sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14219 D protoconch E body whorl F zoom-in view of body whorl G-I B. whitteni sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14222 G protoconch H body whorl I zoom-in view of body whorl." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709579" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 13D-F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Representative SEM images of the radula of Burmochlamys species A B. moulmeinica sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14217 B B. versicolor sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14219 C B. whitteni sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14222. Central tooth indicated by ' C'; yellow colour indicates central tooth row." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709581" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 15B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Type material.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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: CUMZ 14218 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Shells of Burmochlamys species A, B B. versicolor sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 14218, and D paratype CUMZ 14219 C, D B. whitteni sp. nov. C holotype CUMZ 14221, and D paratype CUMZ 14222." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709578" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12A</figureCitation>
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; width 6.0 mm, height
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2 mm</quantity>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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: Same locality as holotype: CUMZ 14219 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Shells of Burmochlamys species A, B B. versicolor sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 14218, and D paratype CUMZ 14219 C, D B. whitteni sp. nov. C holotype CUMZ 14221, and D paratype CUMZ 14222." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709578" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12B</figureCitation>
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; width
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" unit="mm" value="5.9">5.9 mm</quantity>
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, height
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
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), NHMUK (two shells).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709577" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 11.</emphasis>
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Representative SEM images of the radula of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pholyotha & Panha" authorityYear="2022" family="Helicarionidae" genus="Burmochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Burmochlamys" order="Eupulmonata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Burmochlamys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. cassidula" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cassidula">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. cassidula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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specimen CUMZ 14209
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. poongee" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="poongee">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. poongee</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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specimen CUMZ 14210
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. albida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="albida">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. albida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<typeStatus>paratype</typeStatus>
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CUMZ 14212
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. fasciola" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="fasciola">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. fasciola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<typeStatus>paratype</typeStatus>
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CUMZ 14214. Central tooth indicated by
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘C’">'C'</normalizedToken>
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; yellow colour indicates central tooth row.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" country="Myanmar" latitude="16.85064" location="Limestone" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="97.60725" municipality="Golden valley" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kayin State">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5136A396BCE55D5EA3A97096C6FF4DFA:9FEECBB8688233FA0AAAA1ADC218E0BD" country="Myanmar" latitude="16.85064" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="97.60725" municipality="Golden valley" name="Limestone" stateProvince="Kayin State">Limestone</location>
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outcrop at
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<collectingMunicipality>Golden valley</collectingMunicipality>
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, Hpa-An,
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<collectingRegion country="Myanmar" name="Kayin">Kayin State</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="02.3" value="16.85064">16°51'02.3"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="26.1" value="97.60725">97°36'26.1"E</geoCoordinate>
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): CUMZ 14220
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Limestone outcrop at Bayin Nyi Cave, Hpa-An, Kayin State, Myanmar (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="10.1" value="16.969473">16°58'10.1"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="30.6" value="97.49183">97°29'30.6"E</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell subglobose, whitish yellow and then gradually turned yellowish brown near aperture opening, and umbilicus somewhat narrow and very deep. Animal dark greyish with five mantle extensions. Genitalia with very short epiphallic caecum attached by thin penial retractor muscle, rather short vagina, and small, slender, rather short gametolytic duct.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Shells of Burmochlamys species A, B B. versicolor sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 14218, and D paratype CUMZ 14219 C, D B. whitteni sp. nov. C holotype CUMZ 14221, and D paratype CUMZ 14222." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709578" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">12A, B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Representative SEM images of the shell of Burmochlamys species A-C B. moulmeinica sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14217 A protoconch B body whorl C zoom-in view of body whorl. D-F B. versicolor sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14219 D protoconch E body whorl F zoom-in view of body whorl G-I B. whitteni sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14222 G protoconch H body whorl I zoom-in view of body whorl." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709579" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13D-F</figureCitation>
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). Shell subglobose, small (width up to 6.3 mm, height up to 4.9 mm), thin, semi-translucent. Colour whitish yellow and then gradually turned yellowish brown on body whorl near aperture opening. Protoconch and teleoconch surface with similar sculpture. Surface of body whorl with indistinct spiral furrows without radial lines (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Representative SEM images of the shell of Burmochlamys species A-C B. moulmeinica sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14217 A protoconch B body whorl C zoom-in view of body whorl. D-F B. versicolor sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14219 D protoconch E body whorl F zoom-in view of body whorl G-I B. whitteni sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14222 G protoconch H body whorl I zoom-in view of body whorl." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709579" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13D-F</figureCitation>
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). Whorls
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<normalizedToken originalValue="5½">51/2</normalizedToken>
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-6, increasing regularly; suture shallowly impressed; spire rather elevated; last whorl broad and well-rounded. Aperture obliquely crescent-shaped; peristome simple. Columellar margin simple, slightly reflected near umbilicus. Umbilicus open, moderate, and very deep that show preceding whorl.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709578" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 12.</emphasis>
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Shells of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pholyotha & Panha" authorityYear="2022" family="Helicarionidae" genus="Burmochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Burmochlamys" order="Eupulmonata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Burmochlamys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. versicolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="versicolor">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. versicolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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holotype CUMZ 14218, and
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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paratype CUMZ 14219
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName genus="B." lsidName="B. whitteni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="whitteni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B. whitteni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
holotype CUMZ 14221, and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
paratype CUMZ 14222.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Genital organs</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. General view of the genital system of Burmochlamys species A B. fasciola sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14214 B B. moulmeinica sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14217 C B. versicolor sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14219. White arrow indicates the end of the penis. Yellow arrow indicates the solid at the tip of dart apparatus. Red-dotted line indicates vas deferens missing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709576" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">10C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Atrium (at) very short. Penis (p) moderate, cylindrical and with penial sheath. Epiphallus (e1+e2) ca. one-third of penis length; e1 cylindrical and its slightly smaller diameter than penis and e2; e2 bulbous and slightly longer than e1. Epiphallic caecum (ec) very short, small, bulbous with thin penial retractor muscle (prm) attached at tip. Vas deferens (vd) thin tube. Dart apparatus rather small, long cylindrical, and located on atrium at vagina and penis junction. Vagina (v) rather short and cylindrical. Gametolytic sac (gs) rather large, elongate bulbous; gametolytic duct (gd) small, slender, and rather short ca. half of penis length. Free oviduct (fo) cylindrical, very long ca. half of penis length, and encircled with thick tissue near vagina.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Jungermanniopsida" family="Radulaceae" genus="Radula" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Radula" order="Porellales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Representative SEM images of the radula of Burmochlamys species A B. moulmeinica sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14217 B B. versicolor sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14219 C B. whitteni sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14222. Central tooth indicated by ' C'; yellow colour indicates central tooth row." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709581" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">15B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Teeth arranged in wide U-shaped rows, each row consisting of ~ 40 teeth. Central tooth monocuspid, large and oblong spatulate plate, and attached at both sides of its base by two smaller triangular-shaped teeth. Laterals and marginals not differentiated and monocuspid; each tooth with large and oblong spatulate plate attached by one smaller triangular-shaped tooth on outer side of its base. Outermost teeth shorter and smaller than inner teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">External appearance</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A adult of B. moulmeinica sp. nov. while climbing slowly on the karst wall after raining at Lun Nya Pagoda B mating pairs of B. versicolor sp. nov. on the karst wall at Bayin Nyi Cave C B. versicolor sp. nov. eaten by the carnivorous snail Carinartemis sp. on the karst wall at Bayin Nyi Cave D B. cassidula eaten by the carnivorous snail Haploptychius sp. on the karst wall at Kaw Gon Cave." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709570" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Living snails of Burmochlamys species A B. fasciola sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14214 showing left and right lateral views B B. cassidula specimen CUMZ 14209 C B. poongee specimen CUMZ 14210 D B. albida sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14212 E B. moulmeinica sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14217 F B. versicolor sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14219 G B. whitteni sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 14222." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709571" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Living animal with reticulated skin and pale to dark greyish body. Mantle extensions well developed, divided to three dorsal lobes and two shell lobes; same colour as body. Foot margin and caudal horn well-developed, dark greyish.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The specific epithet is the Latin word
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">versicolor</emphasis>
|
||
meaning of various colours. It refers to the two distinct shell colours which characterise this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pholyotha & Panha" authorityYear="2022" family="Helicarionidae" genus="Burmochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Burmochlamys versicolor" order="Eupulmonata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="versicolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Burmochlamys versicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is confirmed from two localities in the south of Salween River basin (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Map of the Salween River basin (known as Thanlwin River) in the southeastern Myanmar showing the sampling sites. Coloured triangles indicate the localities recorded for each Burmochlamys species. White circles indicate the localities recorded for Sophina species. White squares indicate the sampling localities with no records of both Sophina and Burmochlamys species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709567" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Bayin Nyi Cave is surrounded by paddy fields that are temporarily flooded during the monsoon season (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Habitat of some species of Burmochlamys gen. nov. in the karst basin of Hpa-An, Kayin State, Myanmar. A type locality of B. fasciola sp. nov. at Bardai Mountain and microhabitat structure of the karst wall B newly discovered locality of B. poongee at Kaw Ka Thaung Cave C type locality of B. albida sp. nov. at Waiponla Monastery D type locality of B. moulmeinica sp. nov. at Lun Nya Pagoda E type locality of B. versicolor sp. nov. at Bayin Nyi Cave. Photos by Ruttapon Srisonchai." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709568" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2E</figureCitation>
|
||
), while Golden valley is a small limestone outcrop located close to the Thanlwin River (= Salween River). Occurrence of the new species between the two limestone areas is expected. A living snail was found climbing up a limestone wall and many mating pairs were also discovered at Bayin Nyi Cave (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A adult of B. moulmeinica sp. nov. while climbing slowly on the karst wall after raining at Lun Nya Pagoda B mating pairs of B. versicolor sp. nov. on the karst wall at Bayin Nyi Cave C B. versicolor sp. nov. eaten by the carnivorous snail Carinartemis sp. on the karst wall at Bayin Nyi Cave D B. cassidula eaten by the carnivorous snail Haploptychius sp. on the karst wall at Kaw Gon Cave." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709570" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
), where the carnivorous snail
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Siriboon & Panha" authorityYear="2014" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Carinartemis" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Carinartemis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Carinartemis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. was also found sympatrically (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A adult of B. moulmeinica sp. nov. while climbing slowly on the karst wall after raining at Lun Nya Pagoda B mating pairs of B. versicolor sp. nov. on the karst wall at Bayin Nyi Cave C B. versicolor sp. nov. eaten by the carnivorous snail Carinartemis sp. on the karst wall at Bayin Nyi Cave D B. cassidula eaten by the carnivorous snail Haploptychius sp. on the karst wall at Kaw Gon Cave." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1110.82461.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/709570" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pholyotha & Panha" authorityYear="2022" family="Helicarionidae" genus="Burmochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Burmochlamys versicolor" order="Eupulmonata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="versicolor">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Burmochlamys versicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is easy to distinguish from all known species by having (i) a whitish yellow shell with yellowish brown colour on ca. one-fourth of body whorl near the aperture, (ii) shell sculpture as only shallow spiral lines, and (iii) much wider and larger umbilicus that shows the preceding whorl. In comparison, all other congeneric species have (i) a brownish or whitish shell colour, with or without peripheral band, (ii) a shell surface with both impressed spiral lines and undulating radial lines, and (iii) a small umbilicus (see Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of shell, radula, genital system, and distribution of all members of Burmochlamys gen. nov. in Myanmar." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A3EF01A52C7ECD353E45707D9F7BAEB8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="A3EF01A52C7ECD353E45707D9F7BAEB8">2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |