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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164" ID-GBIF-Dataset="62b6d215-f763-403e-8931-b2f25666d5ab" ID-PMC="PMC4714362" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-548-1" ID-PubMed="26798322" ID-ZBK="D5D7B51E5AC6460D9B3C7584E46F9B3F" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-548-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 548" ModsDocTitle="An illustrated key to the cuckoo wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) of the Nordic and Baltic countries, with description of a new species" checkinTime="1451243596421" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Paukkunen, Juho, Berg, Alexander, Soon, Villu, Odegaard, Frode &amp; Rosa, Paolo" docDate="2015" docId="2CF351EE800D1AF461A9276A62C48EF0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 548: 1-116" docOrigin="ZooKeys 548" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164" docTitle="Chrysis borealis Paukkunen, Odegaard &amp; Soon, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="3DDF3EF4-6694-4586-B78E-FF79E321AB92" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="78" masterDocId="F34E322C6E3DFFFDFFB9090AFFD3FFAC" masterDocTitle="An illustrated key to the cuckoo wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) of the Nordic and Baltic countries, with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="116" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="72" updateTime="1668162373669" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>An illustrated key to the cuckoo wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) of the Nordic and Baltic countries, with description of a new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Paukkunen, Juho</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Berg, Alexander</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Soon, Villu</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Odegaard, Frode</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rosa, Paolo</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>548</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>116</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-548-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">D5D7B51E5AC6460D9B3C7584E46F9B3F</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D5D7B51E5AC6460D9B3C7584E46F9B3F</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127853032" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3DDF3EF4-6694-4586-B78E-FF79E321AB92" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2CF351EE800D1AF461A9276A62C48EF0" lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="multiple">
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Chrysididae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/3DDF3EF4-6694-4586-B78E-FF79E321AB92" authority="Paukkunen, Odegaard &amp; Soon" class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">
Chrysis borealis Paukkunen,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ødegaard">Odegaard</normalizedToken>
&amp; Soon
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="71" pageNumber="72">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 106, 124, 133, 136, 158, 178, 179, 180-186, 187-195
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis mediadentata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediadentata">Chrysis mediadentata</taxonomicName>
of authors, not Linsenmaier, 1951.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysis</taxonomicName>
sp. sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Soon, V" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" pagination="301 - 330" title="Testing the validity of Northern European species in the Chrysisignita species group (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) with DNA Barcoding." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3786.3.4" volume="3786" year="2014">Soon et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation author="Paukkunen, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="1 - 67" title="Faunistic review of the cuckoo wasps of Fennoscandia, Denmark and the Baltic countries (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3864.1.1" volume="3864" year="2014">Paukkunen et al. (2014</bibRefCitation>
: 44).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
11 ♀♀ and 15 ♂♂. DNA barcode sequences of all type specimens are available at GenBank or Barcode of Life Data System (
<bibRefCitation author="Ratnasingham, S" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecology Notes" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="355 - 364" title="BOLD: The Barcode of Life Data System." url="10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01678.x" volume="7" year="2007">Ratnasingham and Hebert 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
Norway, ♀ (HYMNI560),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nord-Trøndelag">Nord-Trondelag</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ørin">Orin</normalizedToken>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="63.802">63.802°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="11.459">11.459°E</geoCoordinate>
, 9.VII.2014, leg. F.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ødegaard">Odegaard</normalizedToken>
(NUM) (Fig. 179).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
Finland, 1 ♂ (FACU-000396),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kittilän">Kittilaen</normalizedToken>
Lappi, Kolari,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ylläs">Yllaes</normalizedToken>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="67.586">67.586°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="24.239">24.239°E</geoCoordinate>
, 9.VII.1989, leg. M. Koponen (MZH); 1 ♂ (MZH_GP.74723), Sompion Lappi,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sodankylä">Sodankylae</normalizedToken>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="68.027">68.027°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="27.413">27.413°E</geoCoordinate>
, 1.VII.2002, leg. J.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Itämies">Itaemies</normalizedToken>
(MZH); 1 ♀ (TUZ616001),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Enontekiön">Enontekioen</normalizedToken>
Lappi, Malla Strict Nature Reserve,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="69.06">69.060°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="20.759">20.759°E</geoCoordinate>
, 15.VII.2009, leg. V. Soon (TUZ); 1 ♀ (FACU-000399),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Enontekiön">Enontekioen</normalizedToken>
Lappi, Annjaloanji,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="69.172">69.172°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="21.439">21.439°E</geoCoordinate>
, 11.VII.2007, leg. R. Jussila (private collection of M. Raekunnas,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hämeenlinna">Haemeenlinna</normalizedToken>
, Finland); 2 ♂♂ (MZH_GP.92704, MZH_GP.92705), Inarin Lappi, Inari, Ivalo,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="68.643">68.643°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="27.524">27.524°E</geoCoordinate>
, 26.VI.2013, leg. T.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Järveläinen">Jaervelaeinen</normalizedToken>
(MZH and NMLS); Norway, 1 ♂ (Chrysis132), Buskerud, Hokksund, Lilleby, 59.779°, N
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="9.933">9.933°E</geoCoordinate>
, 1.V.2012, leg. F.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ødegaard">Odegaard</normalizedToken>
(NUM); 1 ♂ (Chrysis004), Buskerud, Nedre Eiker, Solbergfjell,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="59.759">59.759°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="10.041">10.041°E</geoCoordinate>
, 28.VI.2012, leg. F.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ødegaard">Odegaard</normalizedToken>
(NUM); 1 ♀ (NOCHR254), Hordaland, Masfjorden, Mjanger,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="60.768">60.768°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="5.348">5.348°E</geoCoordinate>
, 3.IX.2009, leg. A.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Staverløkk">Staverlokk</normalizedToken>
(NUM); 1 ♂ (HYMNI559),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nord-Trøndelag">Nord-Trondelag</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ørin">Orin</normalizedToken>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="63.802">63.802°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="11.459">11.459°E</geoCoordinate>
, 9.VII.2014, leg. F.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ødegaard">Odegaard</normalizedToken>
(NUM); 1 ♂ (Chrysis034), Oppland, Nord-Fron, Stordalsberget,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="61.587">61.587°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="9.819">9.819°E</geoCoordinate>
, 9.V.2009, leg. F.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ødegaard">Odegaard</normalizedToken>
(NUM); 1 ♂ (Chrysis089), Oppland, Nord-Fron, Stordalsberget,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="61.587">61.587°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="9.819">9.819°E</geoCoordinate>
, 1.VI.2009, leg. F.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ødegaard">Odegaard</normalizedToken>
(NUM); 1 ♀ (Chrysis180), Oppland, Nord-Fron, Stordalsberget,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="61.587">61.587°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="9.819">9.819°E</geoCoordinate>
, 1.IX.2009, leg. F.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ødegaard">Odegaard</normalizedToken>
(NUM); 1 ♂ (Chrysis183), Sogn og Fjordane, Luster, Ornes,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="61.286">61.286°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="7.341">7.341°E</geoCoordinate>
, 4.VII.2011, leg. F.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ødegaard">Odegaard</normalizedToken>
(NUM); 1 ♂ (Chrysis021),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sør-Trøndelag">Sor-Trondelag</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Røros">Roros</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Småsetran">Smasetran</normalizedToken>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="62.573">62.573°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="11.413">11.413°E</geoCoordinate>
, 11.VII.2010, leg. F.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ødegaard">Odegaard</normalizedToken>
(NUM); 1 ♀ (Chrysis187), 1 ♂ (Chrysis189),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sør-Trøndelag">Sor-Trondelag</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Røros">Roros</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Småsetran">Smasetran</normalizedToken>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="62.573">62.573°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="11.413">11.413°E</geoCoordinate>
, 23.VII.2007, leg. F.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ødegaard">Odegaard</normalizedToken>
(NUM); 1 ♂ (Chrysis125),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sør-Trøndelag">Sor-Trondelag</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Røros">Roros</normalizedToken>
, Kvitsanden,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="62.573">62.573°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="11.412">11.412°E</geoCoordinate>
, 31.VII.2008, leg. F.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ødegaard">Odegaard</normalizedToken>
(NUM); 1 ♂ (NOCHR267),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sør-Trøndelag">Sor-Trondelag</normalizedToken>
, Trondheim, Lade,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="63.447">63.447°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="10.434">10.434°E</geoCoordinate>
, 27.V.2013, leg. F.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ødegaard">Odegaard</normalizedToken>
(NUM); Russia, 1 ♀ (MZH_GP.78002), Lapponia tulomensis, 45 km east of Murmansk,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="68.876">68.876°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="34.196">34.196°E</geoCoordinate>
, 16.VII.2006, leg. M.V. Kozlov (MZH); Sweden, 1 ♀ (TUZ616002),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Öland">Oeland</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Persnäs">Persnaes</normalizedToken>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="57.046">57.046°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="16.931">16.931°E</geoCoordinate>
, 20.VII.2007, leg. J. Abenius (TUZ); 1 ♀ (MZH_GP.92690), Gotland, Stora
<normalizedToken originalValue="Karlsö">Karlsoe</normalizedToken>
, Hien,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="57.289">57.289°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="17.964">17.964°E</geoCoordinate>
, 6.VII.2012, leg. N. Johansson (MZH); 1 ♀ (MZH_GP.92688), 1 ♂ (MZH_GP.92689), Gotland, Stora
<normalizedToken originalValue="Karlsö">Karlsoe</normalizedToken>
, Hien,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="57.289">57.289°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="17.964">17.964°E</geoCoordinate>
, 8.VII.2012, leg. N. Johansson (MZH); 1 ♀ (MZH_GP.92691), Gotland,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fårö">Faroe</normalizedToken>
, Norsta Auren,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="57.981">57.981°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="19.326">19.326°E</geoCoordinate>
, 8.VII.2012, leg. N. Johansson (MZH).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<pageBreakToken pageId="72" pageNumber="73" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
Length 6-11 mm. The species is very similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
in shape and structure, but the colouration is darker and the length of F1 compared to F2 is larger (Table 1). The mesoscutum of the female is usually black, violet or dark blue with relatively fine and dense punctation (Figs 158, 179). The punctures are generally of the same colour as the interstices. The metasoma has golden red or reddish tergites (Figs 106, 179) and the sternites are dark green or bluish in the female (Fig. 124), but often with golden red colour in male (Fig. 133). Compared to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis corusca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corusca">Chrysis corusca</taxonomicName>
, the body shape is stouter, the metasoma is notably swollen (Figs 106, 179), the black spots of S2 are broader (Figs 124, 133) and the mandible is thinner. Dark specimens of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis schencki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schencki">Chrysis schencki</taxonomicName>
are also very similar, but have a thinner mandible and coarser punctation on the scapal basin, and are more slender in habitus. The males of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
in particular are difficult to distinguish from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis schencki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schencki">Chrysis schencki</taxonomicName>
. On average, the length ratio F1/F2 is
<pageBreakToken pageId="73" pageNumber="74" start="start">larger</pageBreakToken>
(1.3-1.5:1) (Fig. 178, Table 1), the black spots of S2 are larger (Fig. 133) and the punctation of the mesoscutum is finer in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
. Identification of the males is not always possible with certainty.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="description of female">
<paragraph pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Description of female.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Body length 7.8-10.3 mm, forewing length 5.1-6.6 mm (n = 12).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
Head. Height 1.8-2.1 mm, width 2.3-2.6 mm, length 1.0-1.1 mm, shortest interocular distance 9.4-11.0 mm. Scapal basin green or greenish blue, usually becoming darker blue or violet dorsally below frontal carina. Punctation of scapal basin very dense and fine, partially coriaceous with rugae formed by the puncture margins. Transverse frontal carina well developed, usually relatively evenly arcuate or slightly notched medially. Vertex dark blue, dark violet or black. Pubescence on vertex light brownish. Malar space 1.4 times broader than high. Mandible blackish brown, apically and in inner margin light brown, without subapical tooth. In lateral view, mandible relatively thick (similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
), its sides medially almost parallel and basally only slightly concave. Scapus, pedicellus, and F1 with green, blue or violet metallic reflections. Relative lengths of P/F1/F2/F3 are 1/1.8/1.1/0.9. F1 usually 1.4-1.7 times as long as F2 (Table 1). F4-F10 approximately 1.2 times as long as broad.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
Mesosoma. Length 3.0-3.8 mm, width anterior to tegulae 2.0-2.7 mm. Length of pronotum medially 0.5-0.6 mm and width at anterior margin 1.8-2.2 mm. Colour of pronotum medially black, dark violet or dark blue, on the margins lighter green, blue or violet, only rarely with golden reflections (Figs 158, 179). Medial groove relatively shallow and indistinctly delimited. Mesoscutum dark violet or black, sometimes with bluish reflections (Figs 158, 179). Punctures generally of the same colour as interstices. Punctation of mesoscutum relatively fine and dense with narrow interstices (Figs 158, 179). Size of punctures on average smaller than in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis schencki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schencki">Chrysis schencki</taxonomicName>
. Interstices with scattered small punctures. Tegula green, blue or violet, with paler colour laterally. Mesoscutellum black medially and violet, blue, or sometimes greenish laterally, with irregular large punctures. Metanotum and propodeum violet, blue or green
<pageBreakToken pageId="74" pageNumber="75" start="start">ish</pageBreakToken>
. Outer margin of lateral propodeal teeth straight or slightly concave. Pubescence on mesosoma whitish. Legs violet, blue or greenish, but tarsal segments dark brown. Wing venation as in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis schencki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schencki">Chrysis schencki</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
Metasoma. Length 3.8-4.9 mm, maximum width 2.4-2.9 mm. Colour of tergites golden red or reddish, T1 anteriorly often greenish (Fig. 106). T1 with strong punctation, a weakly elevated medial line with sparser punctation, and very small and scattered punctures on interstices. Punctation of T2 anteriorly regular and dense, of the same strength as on T1 (Fig. 106). Punctation becoming weaker and more scattered laterally and posteriorly. T2 with prominent elevated medial line, anteriorly narrow and posteriorly broad, flat and shiny. T3 weakly saddle-shaped, with regular, strong and dense punctation, and often with elevated midline. Punctures of T3 on average as large as posteriorly on T2. Interstices usually with prominent microsculpture, whereby surface appears dull (Fig. 106). Posterior margin of T3 with four broadly separated teeth, intervals shallow. Medial interval usually about 1.5 times wider than lateral intervals. Subapical pit row with 15-20 black or bluish pits. Subapical lateral swellings relatively strong. Pubescence silvery white. Sternite colour green or blue, occasionally with golden reflections (Fig. 124). Black spots of S2 relatively large and subrectangular, their margins often vaguely delimited (Fig. 124). Ovipositor thin, similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 92). Internal sternites and tergites similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
(Figs 180-186). T5 relatively narrow, about three times as long as broad, and tapering posteriorly, without lateral stigmae (Fig. 181).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="description of male">
<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Description of male.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Body length 6.7-9.0 mm, forewing length 4.7-6.0 mm (n = 15).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Head. Height 1.5-2.0 mm, width 1.9-2.4 mm, length 0.8-1.1 mm, shortest interocular distance 0.3-0.4 mm. Structure and colouration as in female, but scapal basin often slightly paler, shape of transverse frontal carina more variable, pubescence longer and mandible thicker. Sides of mandible basally slightly concave, gradually converging towards apex in lateral view. Relative lengths of P/F1/F2/F3 are 1/1.8/1.3/1.2 (Fig. 178). F1 usually 1.3-1.5 times as long as F2 (Table 1). F4-F10 as in female, or slightly shorter.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Mesosoma. Length 2.5-3.5 mm, width anterior to tegulae 1.7-2.4 mm. Length of pronotum medially 0.3-0.6 mm and width at anterior margin 1.5-2.1 mm. Structure as in female, but colouration usually somewhat lighter and pubescence longer. Margins of pronotum more often with golden reflections, and mesoscutum sometimes entirely blue. Mesoscutellum often medially violet, not always black, whereas mesoscutellum laterally, metanotum and propodeum violet, blue or golden green. Legs green, golden green or bluish with dark brown tibiae.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
Metasoma. Length 3.3-4.4 mm, maximum width 2.1-2.8 mm. Colour of tergites as in female, but punctation of T1 and T2 usually denser and finer. T3 with very dense and homogenous punctation. Interstices shining without distinct microsculpture. T3 convex, not medially depressed as in female. Shape of apical teeth of T3 relatively variable. Medial interval narrower than or as wide as lateral intervals. Subapical pit row with 12-20 black pits. Subapical lateral swellings weak or nearly missing. Sternites with green, golden and reddish colour (Fig. 133), sometimes almost
<pageBreakToken pageId="75" pageNumber="76" start="start">completely</pageBreakToken>
green. Black spots of S2 large and rounded (Fig. 133). Inner margin of paramere rounded (Fig. 136). Internal sternites and tergites similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
(Figs 187-195). S8 about 1.2 times as long as broad, posteriorly pointed and anteriorly rounded (Fig. 195).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="geographic variation">
<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Geographic variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
Southern specimens from Estonia,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Öland">Oeland</normalizedToken>
and Gotland are more uniform in colour than specimens from Finland, Norway and the Swedish mainland. The mesosoma of southern specimens is uniformly bright blue or violet with some greenish reflections, whereas in northern specimens, the mesoscutum and central part of the pronotum are commonly black or dark violet, and the margins of the pronotum and mesoscutellum are, in contrast, greenish or even golden green, especially in the males.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="dna analysis">
<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">DNA analysis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
Variable positions of the DNA barcode sequences of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. and its sibling species,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
, are presented in Table 2. Despite relatively high intraspecific variability, there are two diagnostic nucleotide mutations conserved in all sequences of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. compared to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
: G instead of A in position 241 and T instead of C in position 340. Additionally, there are three transitions shared with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
, but differing from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
, and one transition shared with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
, but differing from both haplotypes of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
. All samples of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. cluster together indicating their closer relationship with each-other than the other two species (Fig. 196).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Norway, Sweden. Rare. - West Palearctic (?), general distribution poorly known. So far only known from the Nordic and Baltic countries and north-western Russia (Leningrad Oblast, Republic of Karelia, Murmansk Oblast) (
<bibRefCitation author="Paukkunen, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="1 - 67" title="Faunistic review of the cuckoo wasps of Fennoscandia, Denmark and the Baltic countries (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3864.1.1" volume="3864" year="2014">Paukkunen et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="biology">
<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
Habitat: rocky outcrops, cliffs, alpine meadows, forest margins. Often found on islands of the Baltic Sea and in Lapland, where other species of the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
group are uncommon. Adults have been found sitting on sun-exposed leaves of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Tussilago" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tussilago" order="Asterales" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Tussilago</taxonomicName>
and flowers of
<taxonomicName family="Apiaceae" lsidName="Heteroptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" rank="family">Apiaceae</taxonomicName>
. They have also been collected using yellow pan traps. Flight period: late May to late August. A few specimens have been collected in early May and September. Host:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ancistrocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancistrocerus parietum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parietum">Ancistrocerus parietum</taxonomicName>
(Linnaeus) (
<taxonomicName family="Vespidae" lsidName="" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" rank="family">Vespidae</taxonomicName>
), based on records of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. from islands and other coastal localities, where
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ancistrocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancistrocerus parietum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parietum">Ancistrocerus parietum</taxonomicName>
is the only species of
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Eumeninae">Eumeninae</taxonomicName>
. In northern alpine areas, where
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ancistrocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancistrocerus parietum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parietum">Ancistrocerus parietum</taxonomicName>
is not present,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Ancistrocerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancistrocerus scoticus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scoticus">Ancistrocerus scoticus</taxonomicName>
(Curtis) is the most likely host species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
The species epithet
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Heteroptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteroptera borealis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">borealis</taxonomicName>
is a Latin word derived from the Greek boreas which means north. We use it here as an adjective in the feminine case. The interpretation of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Heteroptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteroptera borealis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">borealis</taxonomicName>
should be
<normalizedToken originalValue="“northern”">&quot;northern&quot;</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="76" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. is very closely related to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
, and cannot always be determined with certainty by morphological characters only. It is also easily confused with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis schencki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schencki">Chrysis schencki</taxonomicName>
. The colouration of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
can sometimes be relatively dark and similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
n. sp., which possibly could be caused by cool weather during the larval and pupal development. Generally, the colouration of chrysidids becomes darker in northern and alpine localities with cool climatic conditions.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
n. sp. is mainly found in cooler habitats than
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
, so it could be claimed to constitute only a dark ecological form of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
and not a distinct species. The slight,
<pageBreakToken pageId="76" pageNumber="77" start="start">but</pageBreakToken>
constant divergence in the DNA barcode sequence (Table 2) and the statistically significant difference in the F1/F2 ratio (Table 1), however, supports the treatment of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
n. sp. as distinct, but evolutionarily young sibling species. It is also noteworthy that the DNA barcode sequence of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
n. sp. and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
(Table 2), but due to significant morphological and ecological differences
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
undoubtedly forms a distinct species. Previous studies indicate that morphological and molecular differences between biologically well-defined species can be extremely small or even nonexistent in the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
group (
<bibRefCitation author="Soon, V" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" pagination="301 - 330" title="Testing the validity of Northern European species in the Chrysisignita species group (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) with DNA Barcoding." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3786.3.4" volume="3786" year="2014">Soon et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
). An example is provided by
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis mediata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediata">Chrysis mediata</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis solida" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solida">Chrysis solida</taxonomicName>
, which are not always reliably separable by morphological characters or DNA barcodes, but represent ecologically well separated species with different hosts and habitats (
<bibRefCitation author="Soon, V" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" pagination="301 - 330" title="Testing the validity of Northern European species in the Chrysisignita species group (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) with DNA Barcoding." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3786.3.4" volume="3786" year="2014">Soon et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
Several authors have earlier identified specimens of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. erroneously as
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis mediadentata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediadentata">Chrysis mediadentata</taxonomicName>
Linsenmaier, 1951 (
<bibRefCitation author="Paukkunen, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="1 - 67" title="Faunistic review of the cuckoo wasps of Fennoscandia, Denmark and the Baltic countries (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3864.1.1" volume="3864" year="2014">Paukkunen et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
). For example,
<bibRefCitation author="Erlandsson, S" journalOrPublisher="Entomologisk Tidskrift" lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="87 - 94" title="Catalogus Insectorum Sueciae XIX. Hymenoptera: Aculeata." volume="22" year="1971">
Erlandsson
<pageBreakToken pageId="77" pageNumber="78" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
1971)
</bibRefCitation>
reported
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis mediadentata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediadentata">Chrysis mediadentata</taxonomicName>
from Sweden, Norway and eastern Fennoscandia based on such misidentified specimens. The dark colouration of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis mediadentata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediadentata">Chrysis mediadentata</taxonomicName>
can indeed resemble that of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., but the species is easily distinguished by the breadth of the ovipositor, which in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. is of the thin
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Heteroptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteroptera ignita" order="Hemiptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">ignita</taxonomicName>
-type (as in Fig. 92), and in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis mediadentata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediadentata">Chrysis mediadentata</taxonomicName>
of the thick
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Heteroptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteroptera solida" order="Hemiptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solida">solida</taxonomicName>
-type (as in Fig. 91) (
<bibRefCitation author="Linsenmaier, W" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="133 - 158" title="Revision der Familie Chrysididae (Hymenoptera). 4. Teil." volume="60" year="1987">Linsenmaier 1987</bibRefCitation>
). Additionally, the apical teeth of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis mediadentata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediadentata">Chrysis mediadentata</taxonomicName>
have deeper intervals, and the two central teeth are more narrowly separated. The mandible of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis mediadentata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediadentata">Chrysis mediadentata</taxonomicName>
is thicker and the inner margin of the paramere of the male genitalia is angulate (as in Fig. 137). So far
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis mediadentata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediadentata">Chrysis mediadentata</taxonomicName>
has not been found in the Nordic and Baltic countries. The northernmost confirmed records are from northern Germany (
<bibRefCitation author="Jacobs, H-J" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="73 - 93" title="Die Goldwespen Mecklenburg-Vorpommerns (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae)." volume="51" year="2007">Jacobs and Kornmilch 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<paragraph pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
Figure 179. Holotype of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. ♀ (HYMNI560) Collected from
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ørin">Orin</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nord-Trøndelag">Nord-Trondelag</normalizedToken>
, Norway. Scale 1 mm. (Photo: Arnstein
<normalizedToken originalValue="Staverløkk">Staverlokk</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<paragraph pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
Table 1. Length ratio of the first and second flagellomere in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. and closely related species. All specimens of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
, and most of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis schencki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schencki">Chrysis schencki</taxonomicName>
were identified by DNA barcoding. In
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
, most specimens were identified by morphological characters only. A T-test was used for studying statistical differences between species.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<table pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="2">Species</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="2">Sex</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="2">N</td>
<td colspan="4" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">F1/F2</td>
<td colspan="3" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">P-value of T-test</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">Mean</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">Sd</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">Max</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">Min</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis schencki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schencki">Chrysis schencki</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis schencki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schencki">Chrysis schencki</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<paragraph pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
Figures 180-186. Internal tergites and sternites of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. ♀: 180 T4 181 T5 182 T6 183 T7 184 S4 185 S5 186 S6. Illustrations based on a paratype from Sweden (MZH_GP.92691). Scale 1 mm. (Drawings: Juho Paukkunen)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<paragraph pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
Figures 187-195. Internal tergites and sternites of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. ♂: 187 T4 188 T5 189 T6 190 T7 191 S4 192 S5 193 S6 194 S7 195 S8. Illustrations based on a paratype from Finland (MZH_GP.92704). Scale 1 mm. (Drawings: Juho Paukkunen)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<paragraph pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
Table 2. Variable positions in DNA barcode sequences of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (type specimens) compared with all known haplotypes of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
(sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Soon, V" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" pagination="301 - 330" title="Testing the validity of Northern European species in the Chrysisignita species group (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) with DNA Barcoding." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3786.3.4" volume="3786" year="2014">Soon et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
). Dots (.) indicate similarity with the reference sequence on the first line, hyphens (-) indicate missing data. Numbering corresponds to the COI barcode standard used for insects.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<table pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">1</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">1</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">2</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">2</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">2</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">3</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">3</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">3</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">3</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">3</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">4</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">6</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">6</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">6</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">4</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">5</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">5</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">7</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">3</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">8</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">1</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">1</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">4</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">3</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">4</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">4</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">6</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">6</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">6</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">2</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">3</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">4</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">3</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">0</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">5</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">7</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">3</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">4</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">2</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">4</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">1</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">7</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">0</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">3</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">1</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">4</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">9</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">8</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">4</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">6</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<td colspan="1" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<paragraph pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
Figure 196. Kimura-2-parameter neighbour joining tree of all
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. samples and haplotypes of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
(sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Soon, V" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" pagination="301 - 330" title="Testing the validity of Northern European species in the Chrysisignita species group (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) with DNA Barcoding." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3786.3.4" volume="3786" year="2014">Soon et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
). The
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis terminata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terminata">Chrysis terminata</taxonomicName>
haplotype H163 (sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Soon, V" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" pagination="301 - 330" title="Testing the validity of Northern European species in the Chrysisignita species group (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) with DNA Barcoding." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3786.3.4" volume="3786" year="2014">Soon et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
) is included as an outgroup.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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