229 lines
24 KiB
XML
229 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.205.3077" ID-GBIF-Dataset="605edbe9-7188-4c4a-bdf3-5440e0bba5ca" ID-PMC="PMC3391732" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-205-91" ID-PubMed="22792036" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-205-91" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 205" ModsDocTitle="First description of the male with redescription of the female of Araneus strandiellus Charitonov, 1951 (Araneae, Araneidae)" checkinTime="1451248912396" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Marusik, Yuri M., Sestakova, Anna & Omelko, Mikhail M." docDate="2012" docId="2CC9F525E9A774262E59827C05F39E1C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 205: 91-98" docOrigin="ZooKeys 205" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.205.3077" docTitle="Araneus strandiellus Charitonov 1951" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="96" masterDocId="FFB1FFDEFF99E92CDE7A4D0DFA08FFCA" masterDocTitle="First description of the male with redescription of the female of Araneus strandiellus Charitonov, 1951 (Araneae, Araneidae)" masterLastPageNumber="98" masterPageNumber="91" pageNumber="92" updateTime="1668154133500" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>First description of the male with redescription of the female of Araneus strandiellus Charitonov, 1951 (Araneae, Araneidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Marusik, Yuri M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sestakova, Anna</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Omelko, Mikhail M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>205</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>91</mods:start>
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<mods:end>98</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.205.3077</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.205.3077</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-205-91</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152036261" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2CC9F525E9A774262E59827C05F39E1C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2CC9F525E9A774262E59827C05F39E1C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="92" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Araneus_strandiellus" authority="Charitonov, 1951" authorityName="Charitonov" authorityYear="1951" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus strandiellus" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandiellus">Araneus strandiellus Charitonov, 1951</taxonomicName>
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Figs 1-14, 18-21
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="92" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus strandiellus" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandiellus">Araneus strandiellus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Charitonov 1951</bibRefCitation>
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: 210, f. 2a-b (♀).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus strandiellus" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandiellus">Araneus strandiellus</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Pavlenko, TV" editor="Ovcharenko, VI" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Zoologicheskogo instituta, Leningrad" pageId="7" pageNumber="98" pagination="147 - 155" title="Spatial distribution of spiders in natural complexes of Barsakel'mes Island (Aral sea)." volume="139" volumeTitle="Fauna and ecology of spiders of USSR." year="1985">Pavlenko 1985</bibRefCitation>
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: 153;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Marusik 1989</bibRefCitation>
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: 41;
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<bibRefCitation author="Marusik, YM" journalOrPublisher="Khabarly Kazakhstan SSR Academy of Sciences" pageId="7" pageNumber="98" pagination="14 - 23" title="The catalogue of orbweaving spiders in Kazakhstan. Familia: Araneidae." volume="4" year="1990">Marusik et al. 1990</bibRefCitation>
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: 17;
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<bibRefCitation author="Mikhailov, KG" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University, Moscow" pageId="7" pageNumber="98" title="Catalogue of the spiders of the territories of the former Soviet Union (Arachnida, Aranei)." year="1997">Mikhailov 1997</bibRefCitation>
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: 116;
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus strandiellus" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandiellus">Araneus strandiellus</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Logunov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Ber nat-med Verein Innsbruck" pageId="7" pageNumber="98" pagination="125 - 159" title="A check-list of the spiders in Tuva, South Siberia with analysis of their habitat distribution." volume="85" year="1998">Logunov et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
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: 130;
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<bibRefCitation author="Marusik, YM" journalOrPublisher="Institute for Biological Problems of the North, Magadan" pageId="7" pageNumber="98" title="Spiders of Tuva, south Siberia." year="2000">Marusik et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
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: 13.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="1" pageNumber="92" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="92">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="1" pageNumber="92">
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Holotype ♀ (PSU), TAJIKISTAN, Varzob botanical Station, 30.07.1945 (V.V.Gussakovski) [ca
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="38.833332">38°50'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="68.833336">68°50'E</geoCoordinate>
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]. KAZAKHSTAN, Almaty
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="93" start="start">Area</pageBreakToken>
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: 1♂ 3♀ 1juv. (ZMMU), environs of Bakans Town, tugai and thicket, June 1986 (Ch.K. Tarabaev); 1♀ (AGA), Charyn River canyon, Sartogai Boundary, 12.06.1993 (S.V. Ovchinnikov). RUSSIA, Tuva: 1♂ 4♀ (IBPN),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Tere-Khol’">Tere-Khol'</normalizedToken>
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Lake, Sharlaa Stand and around,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="40.0245">40°01.47'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="95.0575">95°03.45'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1150 m, 6-14.07.1996 (Yu.M.Marusik); 1♂ 1♀ (ISEA),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Tere-Khol’">Tere-Khol'</normalizedToken>
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Lake, SE shore, Eder-Elezin Sands (Desert), 1150 m, 12.07.1993 (Yu.M. Marusik); 1♂ (ISEA),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Tere-Khol’">Tere-Khol'</normalizedToken>
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Lake, S shore, sands with sparse Caragana shrubs, 6-26.05.1990 (O. Lyakhov).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="93">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="2" pageNumber="93">
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Habitus, pattern and copulatory organs of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus strandiellus" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandiellus">Araneus strandiellus</taxonomicName>
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resemble only those in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus pallasi" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallasi">Araneus pallasi</taxonomicName>
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. Both species have simple, weakly sclerotised epigyne with inflexible scapus; males lack stipes, subterminal apophysis, embolic cup, and have
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="94" start="start">weakly</pageBreakToken>
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sclerotised conductor; long filamentous embolus; long (as embolus), narrow terminal apophysis; median apophysis with one prolaterally directed process (Fig. 9-17) (much shorter non filamentous embolus, and median apophysis with two
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="95" start="start">processes</pageBreakToken>
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in majority of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Araneus</taxonomicName>
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s.s., e. g. diadematus group (
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<bibRefCitation author="Levi, HW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="7" pageNumber="98" pagination="131 - 179" title="The diadematus group of the orb-weaver genus Araneus north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae)." volume="141" year="1971">Levi 1971</bibRefCitation>
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)) and males have unmodified tibia II.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus strandiellus" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandiellus">Araneus strandiellus</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from sibling
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus pallasi" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallasi">Araneus pallasi</taxonomicName>
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by having dorsal abdominal humps, and triangular scapus with pocket (wide, round scapus in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus pallasi" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallasi">Araneus pallasi</taxonomicName>
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). Males of these two species can be separated from other
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Araneus</taxonomicName>
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species by the round base of embolus, absence of the hump on tegulum and having longer median apophysis (Fig. 12, 16) with a triangular process in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus strandiellus" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandiellus">Araneus strandiellus</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 14), and claw-like in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus pallasi" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallasi">Araneus pallasi</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 15).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="95" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="95">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="95">(specimens from Kazakhstan)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="4" pageNumber="95" type="">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="95">.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="95">Male. Total length 3.0. Carapace 1.4 long, 1.3 wide. Length of patella + tibia I 2.15 (patella 0.7; tibia 1.45). Carapace pale brown, covered with pale hairs; indistinctly darker on margins and with elongate whitish median spot (Fig. 6). Cephalic area of carapace slightly protruding. Diameter of AME subequal to PME. Distance between PME 1.3 times longer than between AME. Basal part of chelicera and retrolateral side dark brown. Promargin of chelicera with 3 teeth, retromargin with 2 small teeth. Sternum brown, with wide light spot in the centre (Fig. 7). Dorsum of abdomen with pair of small humps (Fig. 6). Humps separated by less than one diameter. Abdomen dark brown, with two white transverse bands. Venter of abdomen with dark median band, and whitish lateral bands (Fig. 7). Legs with annulations. Tibia II unmodified, similar to tibia I. Femur I prolaterally with 4 strong and long spines (Figs 5, 8) and with 7 short strong retrolateral spines.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="95">Palp as in Figs 9-14. Patella with 2 macrosetae. Tegulum enlarged and all sclerites (embolus, conductor, radix, terminal and median apophyses) partly hidden by tegulum and cymbium. Terminal apophysis (Ta) long, flat, semicircular and weakly sclerotised; it runs apically between cymbium and tegulum. The long, thin and well sclerotised filiform embolus (Em) follows a groove in the terminal apophysis. Radix (Ra) short, stipes absent. Conductor (Co) very small, weakly sclerotised; supports tip of embolus from below. Median apophysis (Ma) with relatively small, triangular process (Pm) directed prolaterally.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="95">Female. Total length 2.75-4.0. Carapace 1.25-1.45 long, 1.2-1.4 wide. Length of patella + tibia I 1.9-2.15 (patella 0.6-0.7; tibia 1.3-1.5). Coloration and pattern of carapace as in male, but paler (Figs 1-3). Diameter of AME 1.3 times smaller than PME. Distance between PME 1.4 times longer than distance between AME. Cheliceral teeth as in male. Frontal part of chelicerae yellow, retrolateral side dark. White spot in the centre of sternum wider than in male.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="95">Dorsum of abdomen with pair of conical humps separated by less than one diameter. Abdomen pale with dark pattern (Fig. 1). Venter of abdomen white between epigastric furrow and spinnerets; white area as wide as epigastric furrow (Fig. 2).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="96" start="start">Femur</pageBreakToken>
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I with 2-3 strong, long and pale spines (Figs 4). Legs yellow, with indistinct dark annulation. Ventral side of femur pale in almost all length. Patella pale with indistinct dark spot. Tibia and metatarsi without central dark rings or with small, dark spots.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Epigyne as in Figs 18-21, flat with weakly sclerotised inflexible triangular scapus (i.e. immovable merged with base of epigyne); tip of scapus with pocket (Sp); copulatory ducts and spermatheca slightly visible through cuticle. Base of epigyne always embedded in epigastric furrow, therefore posterior part visible only after its dissection or excavation.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
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Figures 1-8. Habitus of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus strandiellus" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandiellus">Araneus strandiellus</taxonomicName>
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. 1-3 female, dorsal, ventral and lateral 4 female carapace and femora I and II, prolateral 5 male femur I, prolateral 6-7 male, dorsal and ventral 8 prosoma of male, lateral.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
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Figures 9-18. Copulatory organs of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus strandiellus" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandiellus">Araneus strandiellus</taxonomicName>
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(9-14, 18) and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus pallasi" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallasi">Araneus pallasi</taxonomicName>
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(15-17). 9-17 left male palp 9 prolateral 10 ventral-anterior 11 ventral-posterior 12 cymbium removed, prolateral 13 same, ventral 14 median apophysis, ventral 15 same 16 cymbium removed, prolateral 17 same, ventral 18 epigyne, posterior. Co conductor Em embolus Ma median apophysis Pm terminal process of median apophysis Ra radix Sp pocket on scapus of epigyne Ta terminal apophysis.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
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Figures 19-21. Epigyne of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus strandiellus" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandiellus">Araneus strandiellus</taxonomicName>
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. 19 lateral 20 ventral 21 posterior. Sp pocket on scapus of epigyne.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="96" type="variations">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Variations.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Specimens from Tuva have darker coloration, lack white spot on carapace and sternum. Females from Tuva have no wide median band on the venter of abdomen. Importance of these differences is unclear to us.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="96" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="96">The species is known from the Aral Sea to eastern Tuva (Fig. 22) south to Tajikistan.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
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Figure 22. Known collecting localities of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus strandiellus" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandiellus">Araneus strandiellus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="96" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
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Generic affinity to
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Araneus</taxonomicName>
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,a genus comprising over 600 species (cf.
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<bibRefCitation pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Platnick 2012</bibRefCitation>
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), is debatable. In comparison to
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Araneus</taxonomicName>
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s. s.,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus strandiellus" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandiellus">Araneus strandiellus</taxonomicName>
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has only 3 promarginal and 2 retromarginal teeth (4 promarginal and 3 retromarginal in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Araneus</taxonomicName>
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s.s.); females do not have heavy sclerotised epigyne and flexible scapus; and males lack stipes, subterminal apophysis and cap on embolus, conductor is very small and weak sclerotised and median apophysis has only one process.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
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Judging from the general shape of epigyne (presence of inflexible scapus) and the male palpal configuration (shape of median and terminal apophysis, embolus)
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus strandiellus" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandiellus">Araneus strandiellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and probably the closest relative
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus pallasi" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallasi">Araneus pallasi</taxonomicName>
|
||
mostly resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Neoscona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoscona" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neoscona</taxonomicName>
|
||
Simon, 1864 (one of the junior synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus pallasi" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallasi">Araneus pallasi</taxonomicName>
|
||
was considered in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Neoscona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoscona" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neoscona</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Agalenatea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agalenatea" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Agalenatea</taxonomicName>
|
||
Archer, 1951. However unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus strandiellus" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strandiellus">Araneus strandiellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus pallasi" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallasi">Araneus pallasi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, males of both
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Agalenatea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agalenatea" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Agalenatea</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Neoscona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoscona" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neoscona</taxonomicName>
|
||
have stipes and subterminal apophysis, an anticlockwise course of embolus, legs with hook on coxa I and modified tibia II (more numerous and stronger spines than on other legs). Epigyne of these two related species are weakly sclerotised and embedded in epigastric furrow (posterior part visible only after its dissection or excavation), while in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Agalenatea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agalenatea" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Agalenatea</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Neoscona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoscona" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neoscona</taxonomicName>
|
||
epigyne are not embedded and heavy sclerotised.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |