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<document id="BE13DFB5CA8D8CC775F6A1AC837AF8A5" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3647.2.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d7730333-5fd9-4bef-ac20-62a0c63cb0fb" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="218989" ID-ZooBank="33866E2B-6B0F-4124-A6A6-2B057E642149" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460605091532" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Schmelz, Rüdiger M. &amp; Collado, Rut" docDate="2013" docId="301187BC2C01FFE588B0FD5A481AFC01" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03647p328.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3647 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Enchylea heteroducta Nielsen &amp; Christensen 1963" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="326" masterDocId="CC28FFC42C0EFFF68827FFA6495EFFC6" masterDocTitle="Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta, Annelida) from a field site in Portugal, with the description of five new species and a redescription of Enchylea heteroducta Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1963" masterLastPageNumber="328" masterPageNumber="307" pageNumber="322" updateTime="1698327849908" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="89F152385F016BA3D70257CCD9B4E5FB">Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta, Annelida) from a field site in Portugal, with the description of five new species and a redescription of Enchylea heteroducta Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1963</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="486FBF9C748E733C7DC8D03FAF9CD2EA">Schmelz, Rüdiger M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="49D52A30F1891F4DCD4DF9B07A536AAD">Collado, Rut</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="C16EBDD626FE1DD13EE18AF95FB8688F">2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="EEF784E9FDD981FB833FDCC8A5C5D943" type="volume">
<mods:number id="F7ED40BE4DDA42E8D57C43BEA9F4049A">3647</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="FA87AB9BDEF45C0AECFFBCA38FE71AA0" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3647.2.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="301187BC2C01FFE588B0FD5A481AFC01" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5612048" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119567603" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5612048" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:301187BC2C01FFE588B0FD5A481AFC01" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/301187BC2C01FFE588B0FD5A481AFC01" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="326" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
<subSubSection id="F0A265212C01FFF988B0FD5A4DF5FCBA" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C01FFF988B0FD5A4A56FCD3" blockId="15.[151,776,763,823]" box="[151,776,763,790]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
<heading id="E34F81C62C01FFF988B0FD5A4A56FCD3" bold="true" box="[151,776,763,790]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C01FFF988B0FD5A4A56FCD3" ID-CoL="84ZY4" authority="Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1963" authorityName="Nielsen &amp; Christensen" authorityYear="1963" box="[151,776,763,790]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteroducta">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C01FFF988B0FD5A4A56FCD3" bold="true" box="[151,776,763,790]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C01FFF988B0FD5A48C1FCD0" bold="true" box="[151,415,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Enchylea heteroducta</emphasis>
Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1963
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C01FFF988B0FCB8487EFCF0" blockId="15.[151,776,763,823]" box="[151,288,798,823]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
(
<figureCitation id="20832A2F2C01FFF988B8FCB849BFFCF1" box="[159,225,798,823]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1278,1301]" captionTargetBox="[257,1320,213,1278]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[252,1335,193,1303]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Enchylea heteroducta Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1963. A. Anterior body region, dorsal view. Arrow: enlarged postpharyngeal ganglia on afferent fascicles with pharyngeal gland-like tissue. B. Nephridium. C. Male efferent apparatus. A – C fix." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218996/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A–C)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C01FFF988B0FCC14DF5FCBA" blockId="15.[151,1195,870,893]" box="[151,1195,870,893]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C01FFF988B0FCC14B9DFCBA" authority="Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1963: 11" authorityName="Nielsen &amp; Christensen" authorityPageNumber="11" authorityYear="1963" box="[151,707,870,893]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteroducta">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C01FFF988B0FCC1482DFCBB" box="[151,371,871,893]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Enchylea heteroducta</emphasis>
Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1963: 11
</taxonomicName>
–12, Figs 14–17. Schmelz &amp; Collado 2012:
<specimenCount id="AEBEFD232C01FFF98CA5FCC04DF5FCBA" box="[1154,1195,870,892]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" type="generic">54f.</specimenCount>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F0A265212C01FFF988B0FC0C4C7FFB97" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C01FFF988B0FC0C4DC2FC07" blockId="15.[151,1436,937,1934]" box="[151,1180,937,962]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C01FFF988B0FC0C48EBFC04" bold="true" box="[151,437,938,962]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
<typeStatus id="670388082C01FFF988B0FC0C485AFC04" box="[151,260,938,962]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="670388082C01FFF98918FC0C48EBFC04" box="[319,437,938,962]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
. Not designated in original description, not located, probably lost.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C01FFF988E0FC6B4C7FFB97" blockId="15.[151,1436,937,1934]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C01FFF988E0FC6B4894FC20" bold="true" box="[199,458,973,998]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Investigated material</emphasis>
. Three spms,
<specimenCount id="AEBEFD232C01FFF98A50FC6B4B92FC23" box="[631,716,973,997]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
, 2 early-stage subadults.
<collectingCountry id="C0AF763A2C01FFF98BDDFC6B4D02FC23" box="[1018,1116,973,997]" name="Portugal" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Portugal</collectingCountry>
, Coimbra, in soil from the experimental field area of the Coimbra Agricultural School (ESAC), crop site (
<tableCitation id="F53A03112C01FFF98C10FC574DCFFBCF" box="[1079,1169,1009,1033]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,239,259,283]" captionTargetBox="[159,1196,342,861]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 2. Geographical and edaphic data of the two study sites at the experimental field area of the Coimbra Higher School of Agriculture (ESAC)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ECC766222C0CFFF488B0FEA548BDFEFD" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" tableUuid="ECC766222C0CFFF488B0FEA548BDFEFD">Table 2</tableCitation>
);
<date id="CC06106A2C01FFF98C8BFC544C4EFBCF" box="[1196,1296,1009,1033]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" value="2010-04">IV 2010</date>
. One of the subadults cut in halves: posterior half used for DNA extraction and sequence generation; anterior half as voucher in 100% ethanol. Rest fixed in Bouin's fluid, stained with paracarmine, whole-mounted in
<collectingCountry id="C0AF763A2C01FFF98C49FB9F4D9CFB97" box="[1134,1218,1081,1105]" name="Canada" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Canada</collectingCountry>
balsam.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F0A265212C01FFE788E0FBFB4BE1FB59" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="324" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" type="description">
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C01FFF988E0FBFB4DD2FB7B" blockId="15.[151,1436,937,1934]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C01FFF988E0FBFB480FFBB0" bold="true" box="[199,337,1117,1142]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Description</emphasis>
. Dimensions are from the single adult whole-mounted specimen, unless stated otherwise. Specific traits found only in one of the whole-mounted specimens are marked with &quot;AD&quot; (adult specimen) or &quot;SA&quot; (subadult specimen). Differences of the original description are inserted, marked by &quot;NC&quot;.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C01FFF988E0FB6F4A88FA53" blockId="15.[151,1436,937,1934]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
Length
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C01FFF9893AFB6C486EFB27" box="[285,304,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">c.</emphasis>
<quantity id="7F409B4F2C01FFF9891FFB6F4827FB27" box="[312,377,1225,1249]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
(viv),
<quantity id="7F409B4F2C01FFF989E2FB6F4B69FB27" box="[453,567,1225,1249]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–4 mm</quantity>
(fix); diameter (fix)
<quantity id="7F409B4F2C01FFF98B06FB6F4ADBFB27" box="[801,901,1225,1249]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="0.22">0.22 mm</quantity>
at V, XX,
<quantity id="7F409B4F2C01FFF98BDAFB6F4D3CFB27" box="[1021,1122,1225,1249]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="15" pageNumber="322" unit="mm" value="0.26">0.26 mm</quantity>
at XII. Segments 25 (N=2), NC: (27)–31–(35). Chaetae straight with weak ental hook, 2 and 3 per bundle, ventrally only 3. Formula 2,3 – 2,3: 3 – 3. In lateral bundles 2 chaetae mostly near clitellum. Chaetae absent at XII. Lateral chaetae in truly lateral position, not shifted dorsally. Chaetae mostly 40–50 µm long and 3–4 µm wide, largest in caudal segments (&gt; 50 μm), smallest in II (
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C01FFF989A2FAFC48C6FAB7" box="[389,408,1370,1393]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">c.</emphasis>
35: 3 µm); size differences between ventral and lateral chaetae not ascertained. Loose packages of detached chaetae present in the coelom in the adult specimen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C01FFF988E0FA0748DDF91F" blockId="15.[151,1436,937,1934]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
Head pore mid-dorsally at 0/I, a longitudinal slit, length
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C01FFF98B1CFA044A10FA7F" box="[827,846,1442,1465]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">c.</emphasis>
15 µm. Prostomium rounded, broadly conical, about as long as wide or high, shorter in fixed specimens. Epithelium without frontal recess, increasing in height towards the front, lined basally with musculature (not shown in
<figureCitation id="20832A2F2C01FFF98B21FA4F4A16F9C7" box="[774,840,1513,1537]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1278,1301]" captionTargetBox="[257,1320,213,1278]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[252,1335,193,1303]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Enchylea heteroducta Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1963. A. Anterior body region, dorsal view. Arrow: enlarged postpharyngeal ganglia on afferent fascicles with pharyngeal gland-like tissue. B. Nephridium. C. Male efferent apparatus. A – C fix." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218996/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A). No sensory papillae apparent (fix), no prostomial papillae seen. Fibers of subepithelial muscular lining extending across lumen of prostomium in various longitudinal, transverse and oblique directions (not shown in
<figureCitation id="20832A2F2C01FFF98B6BF9974AD1F98F" box="[844,911,1585,1609]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1278,1301]" captionTargetBox="[257,1320,213,1278]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[252,1335,193,1303]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Enchylea heteroducta Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1963. A. Anterior body region, dorsal view. Arrow: enlarged postpharyngeal ganglia on afferent fascicles with pharyngeal gland-like tissue. B. Nephridium. C. Male efferent apparatus. A – C fix." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218996/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A). Peristomium
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C01FFF98C76F9944D3BF98F" box="[1105,1125,1586,1609]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">c.</emphasis>
3/5 the length of following segments (II, III etc.). Epidermal gland cells not observed. No segmental dorsal pores. Body wall thin,
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C01FFF98D37F9F04C7DF9AB" box="[1296,1315,1622,1645]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">c.</emphasis>
10 µm, up to 20 µm in anterior segments. Longitudinal muscle layer about as thick as layers of ring muscles, epidermis, and cuticle together. Cuticle very thin, ring muscles in irregular arrangement (optical section).
<collectingCountry id="C0AF763A2C01FFF98CA8F93B4D93F973" box="[1167,1229,1693,1717]" name="Spain" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Septa</collectingCountry>
very thin, slightly thickened at 4/5–6/7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C01FFF988E0F9434B58F84B" blockId="15.[151,1436,937,1934]" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">
Brain 85: 60 µm (fix), rounded or truncate posteriorly, sides converging anteriad, anteriorly concave; prostomial nerves with a pair of ganglia (SA), or ganglia not seen (AD). Ventral nerve cord medullar, slightly constricted and with fewer perikarya near the septa. Inner pair of postpharyngeal ganglia situated on top of oesophageal appendages; outer pair on afferent fascicles, enlarged and apparently with pharyngeal gland tissue in adult specimen (
<figureCitation id="20832A2F2C01FFF98968F8D348CFF848" box="[335,401,1909,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1278,1301]" captionTargetBox="[257,1320,213,1278]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[252,1335,193,1303]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Enchylea heteroducta Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1963. A. Anterior body region, dorsal view. Arrow: enlarged postpharyngeal ganglia on afferent fascicles with pharyngeal gland-like tissue. B. Nephridium. C. Male efferent apparatus. A – C fix." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218996/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="322">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A, arrow).
</paragraph>
<caption id="ECC766222C1EFFE688B0FB5849E4FA94" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218996/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="323" targetBox="[257,1320,213,1278]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1EFFE688B0FB5849E4FA94" blockId="16.[151,1436,1278,1362]" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1EFFE688B0FB58484DFAD2" bold="true" box="[151,275,1278,1301]" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1EFFE6893CFB594A74FAD3" authority="Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1963" authorityName="Nielsen &amp; Christensen" authorityYear="1963" box="[283,810,1279,1301]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="16" pageNumber="323" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteroducta">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1EFFE6893CFB5948A6FAD3" box="[283,504,1279,1301]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">Enchylea heteroducta</emphasis>
Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1963
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1EFFE68B13FB594A13FAD2" bold="true" box="[820,845,1279,1300]" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">A.</emphasis>
Anterior body region, dorsal view. Arrow: enlarged postpharyngeal ganglia on afferent fascicles with pharyngeal gland-like tissue.
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1EFFE68B87FAB84AE9FAF5" bold="true" box="[928,951,1310,1331]" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">B.</emphasis>
Nephridium.
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1EFFE68C6FFABB4D3FFAF2" bold="true" box="[1096,1121,1309,1332]" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">C.</emphasis>
Male efferent apparatus. A–C fix.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1EFFE688E0FAD94A56F811" blockId="16.[151,1437,1407,2008]" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">
Pharyngeal pad comparatively large, 130 µm long and 90 µm wide in adult specimen (fix), heavily invested with musculature dorsally, fibers extend backwards into V. Oesophageal appendages in III–IV, a pair of short, unbranched, free-floating, sac-like tubes with wide lumen, attached separately and adjacently to oesophagus dorsally behind pharyngeal pad and below post-pharyngeal ganglia, extending obliquely backwards and downwards, blind-ending ventrally below pharyngeal gland lobes of IV (AD); maximum diameter 40 µm, estimated length
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1EFFE68971F9924837F98D" box="[342,361,1588,1611]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">c.</emphasis>
160 µm; epithelium 3–4 µm thick, not folded, smooth towards coelom, slightly rugose towards inner lumen. Pharyngeal glands in IV–VI, decreasing in size from IV to VI (AD) or of equal size in IV–VI (SA); dorsal lobes separate or with narrow dorsal connection, ventral lobes present from IV–VI, no secondary glands. Intestinal diverticula in VII, dorsally and laterally of oesophagus, with common unpaired opening into oesophagus dorsally, lateral wings widely connected dorsally of oesophagus, laterally flattened, extending forwards and backwards to the same degree; diverticular epithelium smooth, not folded, lined with blood sinus and chloragocytes, with histological properties different from adjacent oesophageal and intestinal epithelium: somewhat yellowish in whole mounts, not staining with paracarmine. Intestine widening strongly from
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1EFFE68D12F8964C16F881" box="[1333,1352,1840,1863]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">c.</emphasis>
50 µm diameter at 6/7 to
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1EFFE6894EF8F24823F8AD" box="[361,381,1876,1899]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">c.</emphasis>
150 µm in VIII; widening abrupt at 7/
<quantity id="7F409B4F2C1EFFE68B1CF8F54A39F8AD" box="[827,871,1875,1899]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="16" pageNumber="323" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
contracted specimens. Pars tumida of midgut not distinguished. Intestine filled with amorphous humous substance mixed with sand grains up to 40 µm in diameter. Chloragocytes with dense layer from VI, covering also intestinal diverticula; cell diameter
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1EFFE68CEEF83A4D82F875" box="[1225,1244,1948,1971]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="323">c.</emphasis>
10 µm (fix); in postclitellar segments cells often higher than wide (fix).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1FFFE788E0FF314BFAFE09" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">
Blood colourless, dorsal blood vessel from VII, large and pulsating, bifurcating in I below brain into circumesophageal connectives, these uniting into ventral vessel in IV. Two pairs of commissural vessels seen in III posteriorly, branching off dorsal vessel close to each other. Preclitellar nephridia 6 pairs, from
<date id="CC06106A2C1FFFE78D28FF794CC6FF31" box="[1295,1432,223,247]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" value="2010-05-04" valueMax="2010-09-04" valueMin="2010-05-04">4/5 to 9/10</date>
. Postclitellar nephridia from 13/14, absent at several positions around XVII–XX; length
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78C54FEA34DD8FEDA" box="[1139,1158,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">c.</emphasis>
80 µm; anteseptale with funnel only, postseptale laterally flattened,
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78A58FE8F4BCCFE86" box="[639,658,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">c.</emphasis>
1.5x as long as high, with well-developed interstitial tissue, efferent duct about half the length of postseptale, rising terminally, nephroporus with small terminal vesicle, conspicuous
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78DA1FEEB4998FE4E" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">in vivo</emphasis>
. Coelomocytes one
<typeStatus id="670388082C1FFFE7898DFED64883FE4E" box="[426,477,368,392]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">type</typeStatus>
, mucocytes, flat, broadly oval or broadly pear-shaped,
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78C64FED74D08FE4E" box="[1091,1110,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">c.</emphasis>
20 µm long (viv), 16–22 µm long and 10–12 µm wide (fix), filled with small, slightly refractile vesicles (viv), nucleus and vesicles distinct (fix). Cells numerous, but not in dense aggregations.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1FFFE788E0FE7A4868FC62" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">
Clitellum in XII and XIII (NC:
<date id="CC06106A2C1FFFE78A10FE7A4B27FE32" box="[567,633,476,500]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">XII–1</date>
/2XIII), extending beyond chatae of XIII by 2–3 transverse cell rows; girdle-shaped, cells in
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE789B3FDA748F9FDDE" box="[404,423,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">c.</emphasis>
32 dense rows, hyalocytes evenly distributed on all sides, present also mid-ventrally; celldiameter
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78925FD83484BFDFA" box="[258,277,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">c.</emphasis>
8–10 µm (fix), cells higher than wide laterally (
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78B65FD834A0BFDFA" box="[834,853,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">c.</emphasis>
15 µm, fix). Testes and sperm funnels in XI, male pores and ovaries in XII. Testes and developing sperm enclosed by a common membrane, i.e. sperm developing in testis sacs and not freely in the coelom. Two testis sacs present, one on each side, not lobed, confined to lateral sides of XI, occupying up to one segment length. Spermatozoa
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78B7BFD374A31FD6E" box="[860,879,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">c.</emphasis>
50 µm long, heads
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78C6AFD374D3FFD6E" box="[1101,1121,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">c.</emphasis>
12 µm (fix); lengths
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78D77FD374CC2FD6E" box="[1360,1436,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">in vivo</emphasis>
not measured. Sperm funnel small, 1.5–
<date id="CC06106A2C1FFFE78A7FFD124B38FD0A" box="[600,614,692,716]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">2</date>
x as long as wide (e.g. 60: 36 μm, fix), tapering distad, collar as wide as funnel body. Vas deferens short (estimated length
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78AF0FD7F4BB5FD36" box="[727,747,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">c.</emphasis>
400 µm), not winded into coils, proximal region with wide ciliated lumen, tube diameter here
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78A38FD5B4B6DFCD2" box="[543,563,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">c.</emphasis>
20 μm, tapering distad more or less continuously down to 7–8 µm near male pore. Tube walls
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE7897BFC87482EFCFE" box="[348,368,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">c.</emphasis>
2 µm thick throughout, cilia in lumen conspicuous. Male copulatory organ with bursa, gland, and copulatory muscles. Gland rounded and compact,
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78B2DFCE34A43FC9A" box="[778,797,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">c.</emphasis>
50 μm long, 40 μm wide, 30 µm high (fix), bursal slit longitudinal,
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78909FCCF481CFC46" box="[302,322,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">c.</emphasis>
25 µm long, transverse copulatory muscles only in immediate vicinity of male gland. Subneural glands absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1FFFE788E0FC094A0AFBBA" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">
Spermathecae as simple, mid-dorsally united tubes. Each tube with a double swelling, the ectal one possibly representing ectal duct, but cuticular lining not distinguished here and sperm present in both swellings. Ental swelling wider (
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE7896AFC5F483EFBD6" box="[333,352,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">c.</emphasis>
25 µm) than ectal swelling (
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78A84FC5F4BE8FBD6" box="[675,694,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">c.</emphasis>
20 µm). No diverticula, no ectal glands. (NC: Ectal duct long and narrow, with distinct canal, sometimes with few separate gland cells near ectal pore). Ectal porus minute, at halflength between lateral chaetae of IV and V, slightly shifted ventrally. Two mature eggs in the adult specimen, each occupying about one segment length (NC: 1–
<specimenCount id="AEBEFD232C1FFFE78AB4FBC24BFFFBBA" box="[659,673,1124,1148]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" type="egg">8</specimenCount>
eggs at a time).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1FFFE788E0FB2F4BE1FB59" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1977]" box="[199,703,1159,1184]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">No intestinal or coelomic parasites observed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F0A265212C1FFFE588E0FB0A481AFC01" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="326" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1FFFE788E0FB0A4DE7FA06" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE788E0FB0A486AFB02" bold="true" box="[199,308,1196,1220]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1FFFE78963FB0A4B64FB02" box="[324,570,1196,1220]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteroducta">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78963FB0A4B64FB02" box="[324,570,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">Enchylea heteroducta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had been described from laboratory cultures of unknown origin (Nielsen &amp; Christensen 1963). This is the first record of the species from a natural habitat; the note in Schmelz and Collado (2012) refers to the same record. Specimens underlying the original description had more segments (27–35), up to 8 mature oocytes at a time, and a slightly different spermatheca: There was an ectal duct at the same place where we found a sperm-containing swelling. For the time being we assume that these differences are intraspecifi
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78DAFFA9B4CC2FA92" box="[1416,1436,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">c.</emphasis>
Several structures differ in appearance between the adult and the subadult specimen; more material is necessary to decide which character state is the 'valid' one. The reduced size of the hindmost pair of pharyngeal glands in the adult specimen may be a case of degeneration, although it agrees with the original description.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1FFFE788E0FA6A4B97F87E" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">
Peculiar in this species are the combined presence, position and shape of oesophageal appendages and intestinal diverticula, and the short and stout vasa deferentia. Gut appendages are among the most important characters to distinguish genera among enchytraeids, therefore the new species was accomodated in a genus of its own. The oesophageal appendages are very similar to those in the
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1FFFE78BABF99E4D2DF996" box="[908,1139,1592,1616]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="albidus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78BABF99E4D2DF996" box="[908,1139,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">Enchytraeus albidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group sensu Schmelz and Collado (2010), the only difference in the latter being their smaller size relative to the rest of the body and a thicker epithelium relative to the lumen diameter.
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1FFFE78A85F9264A70F95E" box="[674,814,1664,1688]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78A85F9264A70F95E" box="[674,814,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">Enchytraeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1FFFE78BFDF9264D1CF95E" box="[986,1090,1664,1688]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78BFDF9264D1CF95E" box="[986,1090,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">Enchylea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the absence of intestinal diverticula, among other characters, and species of the
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1FFFE78B25F9034A2BF97A" box="[770,885,1700,1724]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="albidus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78B25F9034A2BF97A" box="[770,885,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">E. albidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group are much larger than
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1FFFE78C93F9024C42F97A" box="[1204,1308,1700,1724]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78C93F9024C42F97A" box="[1204,1308,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">Enchylea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with body lengths around
<quantity id="7F409B4F2C1FFFE7896EF96E48D8F926" box="[329,390,1736,1760]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
. The intestinal diverticula in
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1FFFE78AFDF96F4ADEF926" box="[730,896,1736,1760]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteroducta">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78AFDF96F4ADEF926" box="[730,896,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">E. heteroducta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are almost unique in the family: paired in VII laterally, broadly interconnected dorsally and with one common opening into the intestine. Perhaps they are better described in the singular form, as one dorsal diverticulum, bifurcating twice, first in lateral, then in antero-posterior direction. Such a structure is also described in
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1FFFE78AF6F8924D2DF88A" authority="Righi, 1973" authorityName="Righi" authorityYear="1973" box="[721,1139,1844,1868]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Guaranidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sawayai">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78AF6F8924A84F88A" box="[721,986,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">Guaranidrilus sawayai</emphasis>
Righi, 1973
</taxonomicName>
, the only species in this predominantly neotropical genus where the diverticula are not separate.
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1FFFE78B9BF8FE4D03F8B6" box="[956,1117,1880,1904]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Guaranidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78B9BF8FE4D03F8B6" box="[956,1117,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">Guaranidrilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1FFFE78CC9F8FE4C08F8B6" box="[1262,1366,1880,1904]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="17" pageNumber="324" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1FFFE78CC9F8FE4C08F8B6" box="[1262,1366,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="324">Enchylea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the oesophageal appendages (rounded and compact bodies in VI, when present), in not more than 2 chaetae per bundle and in free spermathecae, among other characters.
</paragraph>
<caption id="ECC766222C1CFFE488B0FF3E4D6DFED6" ID-Table-UUID="ECC766222C1CFFE488B0FF3E4D6DFED6" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/ECC766222C1CFFE488B0FF3E4D6DFED6" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" targetBox="[159,1323,454,1643]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1CFFE488B0FF3E4D6DFED6" blockId="18.[151,1436,152,272]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B0FF3E4854FF76" bold="true" box="[151,266,152,176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">TABLE 4.</emphasis>
Species of
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE489AFFF3E4B7FFF69" box="[392,545,152,175]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Enchytraeidae</taxonomicName>
found at the two sites at the experimental field area of the Coimbra Higher School of Agriculture (ESAC), together with one non-enchytraeid oligochaete species (bottom), extracted with the same method. Species present at both sites are listed first, followed by species found only at the crop site and the meadow site, respectively. Bold: species described in this study. Asterisk: first record from Portugal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1CFFE48BABFE8A4C75FE87" blockId="18.[159,1323,299,435]" box="[908,1323,299,321]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Crop site Meadow site</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1CFFE488B8FEF04BB9FE74" blockId="18.[159,1323,299,435]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FEF048CFFEAD" box="[159,401,341,363]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
*
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48895FEF348CFFEAD" authority="Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1963" authorityName="Nielsen &amp; Christensen" authorityYear="1963" box="[178,401,341,363]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bulbosus">Enchytraeus bulbosus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Nielsen &amp; Christensen,
<date id="CC06106A2C1CFFE48AAEFEF34AC7FEAD" box="[649,921,341,363]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" value="1963-10">1963 x</date>
x
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FED948C6FE53" box="[159,408,383,405]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
*
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48895FED948C6FE53" authority="Schmelz &amp; Collado, 2010" authorityName="Schmelz &amp; Collado" authorityYear="2010" box="[178,408,383,405]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dichaetus">Enchytraeus dichaetus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Schmelz &amp; Collado,
<date id="CC06106A2C1CFFE48A55FED94AC7FE52" box="[626,921,383,404]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" value="2010-10">2010 x</date>
x =
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48894FE3B4BB9FE74" authority="Rota &amp; Healy, 1994" authorityName="Rota &amp; Healy" authorityYear="1994" box="[179,743,413,435]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="subSpecies" species="christenseni" subSpecies="bisetosus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE48894FE3B4B48FE75" box="[179,534,413,435]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Enchytraeus christenseni bisetosus</emphasis>
Rota &amp; Healy, 1994
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1CFFE488B8FE6F4DE8F9AD" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<table id="CAB8C40A2C1C000988B8FE604C75F9AD" box="[159,1323,454,1643]" gridcols="3" gridrows="23" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FE604C75FDCE" box="[159,1323,454,520]" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FE604B9FFDCE" box="[159,705,454,520]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE488B8FE6F4821FE19" box="[159,383,457,479]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="buchholz">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FE6F4821FE19" box="[159,383,457,479]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Enchytraeus buchholz</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
i (Vejdovský, 1879) s.l., &quot;A&quot; 1
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE488B8FE544BC5FDCE" authority="Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1959" authorityName="Nielsen &amp; Christensen" authorityYear="1959" box="[159,667,498,520]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Fridericia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bulboides">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FE544831FDCE" box="[159,367,498,520]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Fridericia bulboides</emphasis>
Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1959
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="45595D942C1C00098BABFE604AC7FDCE" box="[908,921,454,520]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x x</th>
<th id="45595D942C1C00098C8EFE604C75FDCE" box="[1193,1323,454,520]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x x</th>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FDBD4C75FD9B" box="[159,1323,539,605]" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FDBD4B9FFD9B" box="[159,705,539,605]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE488B8FDB84B43FDF3" authority="Vejdovsky, 1878" authorityName="Vejdovsky" authorityYear="1878" box="[159,541,542,565]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Fridericia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="perrieri">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FDB84802FDF2" box="[159,348,542,564]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Fridericia perrieri</emphasis>
(Vejdovský, 1878)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="91FF57C32C1CFFE48A03FDB84B1FFDF2" box="[548,577,542,564]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
&quot;straight&quot; 2
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FDE148BFFD9B" bold="true" box="[159,481,583,605]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FDE148D4FD9B" bold="true" box="[159,394,583,605]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
*
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48895FDE148D4FD9B" box="[178,394,583,605]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Achaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="coimbrensis" status="sp. nov.">Achaeta coimbrensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="91FF57C32C1CFFE489B6FDEE48BFFD9B" box="[401,481,584,605]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098BABFDBD4AC7FD9B" box="[908,921,539,605]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x x</td>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098C8EFDBD4C75FD9B" box="[1193,1323,539,605]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FDD64C75FD41" box="[159,1323,624,647]" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FDD64B9FFD41" box="[159,705,624,647]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FDD648C8FD40" bold="true" box="[159,406,624,646]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
*
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48895FDD648C8FD40" authority="Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1963" authorityName="Nielsen &amp; Christensen" authorityYear="1963" box="[178,406,624,646]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteroducta">Enchylea heteroducta</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1963
</th>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098BABFDD64AC7FD41" box="[908,921,624,647]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FD3C4C75FD76" box="[159,1323,666,688]" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FD3C4B9FFD76" box="[159,705,666,688]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FD3D49F2FD76" box="[159,172,667,688]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48895FD3C4AC7FD76" authority="Schmelz, 2003" authorityName="Schmelz" authorityYear="2003" box="[178,921,666,688]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Fridericia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cusanica">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE48895FD3C4824FD76" box="[178,378,666,688]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Fridericia cusanica</emphasis>
Schmelz, 2003
<td id="45595D942C1C00098BABFD3C4AC7FD76" box="[908,921,666,688]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FD654C75FD3E" box="[159,1323,707,760]" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FD654B9FFD3E" box="[159,705,707,760]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FD6249F2FD1F" box="[159,172,708,729]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48895FD654B1BFD1F" authority="Stephenson, 1930" authorityName="Stephenson" authorityYear="1930" box="[178,581,707,729]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Fridericia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pretoriana">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE48895FD6548D5FD1F" box="[178,395,707,729]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Fridericia pretoriana</emphasis>
Stephenson, 1930
</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48894FD4448ACFD3E" authority="Bell, 1947" authorityName="Bell" authorityYear="1947" box="[179,498,738,760]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Fridericia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="caprensis">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE48894FD4448DCFD3E" box="[179,386,738,760]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Fridericia caprensis</emphasis>
Bell, 1947
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098BABFD654AC7FD3E" box="[908,921,707,760]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FCAD4C75FCE7" box="[159,1323,779,801]" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FCAD4B9FFCE7" box="[159,705,779,801]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FCAA49F2FCE7" box="[159,172,780,801]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48895FCAD4AC7FCE7" authority="Rota, 1995" authorityName="Rota" authorityYear="1995" box="[178,921,779,801]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Fridericia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tuberosa">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE48895FCAD4826FCE7" box="[178,376,779,801]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Fridericia tuberosa</emphasis>
Rota, 1995
<td id="45595D942C1C00098BABFCAD4AC7FCE7" box="[908,921,779,801]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FC934C75FC8B" box="[159,1323,821,845]" gridrow="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FC934B9FFC8B" box="[159,705,821,845]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE488B8FC914859FC8B" box="[159,263,823,845]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Fridericia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FC914859FC8B" box="[159,263,823,845]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Fridericia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1 3
</th>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098BABFC934AC7FC8B" box="[908,921,821,845]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FCC64C75FCBF" box="[159,1323,864,889]" gridrow="7" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FCC64B9FFCBF" box="[159,705,864,889]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE488B8FCC54859FCBF" box="[159,263,867,889]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Fridericia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FCC54859FCBF" box="[159,263,867,889]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Fridericia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 2 3
</th>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098BABFCC64AC7FCBF" box="[908,921,864,889]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FC2A4C75FC63" box="[159,1323,908,933]" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FC2A4B9FFC63" box="[159,705,908,933]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE488B8FC294859FC63" box="[159,263,911,933]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Fridericia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FC294859FC63" box="[159,263,911,933]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Fridericia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 3 3
</th>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098C8EFC2A4C75FC63" box="[1193,1323,908,933]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FC1E4C75FC3C" box="[159,1323,952,1018]" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FC1E4B9FFC3C" box="[159,705,952,1018]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE488B8FC1D4821FC17" box="[159,383,955,977]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="buchholz">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FC1D4821FC17" box="[159,383,955,977]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Enchytraeus buchholz</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
i (Vejdovský, 1879) s.l., &quot;B&quot; 4
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE488B8FC424B01FC3C" authority="(Buchholz, 1862)" authorityName="Buchholz" authorityYear="1862" baseAuthorityName="Buchholz" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[159,607,996,1018]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Buchholzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FC4248F6FC3C" box="[159,424,996,1018]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Buchholzia appendiculata</emphasis>
(Buchholz, 1862)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098C8EFC1E4C75FC3C" box="[1193,1323,952,1018]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x x</td>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FBAB4C75FBE2" box="[159,1323,1037,1060]" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FBAB4B9FFBE2" box="[159,705,1037,1060]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FBA849F2FBE5" box="[159,172,1038,1059]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48895FBA84DE8FBE5" authority="Michaelsen, 1887" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1887" box="[178,1206,1037,1060]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Buchholzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fallax">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE48895FBA8483AFBE2" box="[178,356,1038,1060]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Buchholzia fallax</emphasis>
Michaelsen, 1887
<td id="45595D942C1C00098C8EFBAB4C75FBE2" box="[1193,1323,1037,1060]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FB914C75FB8B" box="[159,1323,1079,1101]" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FB914B9FFB8B" box="[159,705,1079,1101]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE488B8FB914819FB8B" box="[159,327,1079,1101]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Cernosvitoviella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FB914819FB8B" box="[159,327,1079,1101]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Cernosvitoviella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.
</th>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098C8EFB914C75FB8B" box="[1193,1323,1079,1101]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FBC64C75FBB0" box="[159,1323,1120,1142]" gridrow="12" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-1="1">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE488B8FBC64DE8FBB0" authority="Schmelz, 2003" authorityName="Schmelz" authorityYear="2003" box="[159,1206,1120,1142]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Fridericia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="healyae">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FBC64B9FFBB0" box="[159,705,1120,1142]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FBC64802FBB0" box="[159,348,1120,1142]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Fridericia healyae</emphasis>
Schmelz, 2003
</th>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098C8EFBC64C75FBB0" box="[1193,1323,1120,1142]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</taxonomicName>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FB2C4C75FB66" box="[159,1323,1162,1184]" gridrow="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-1="1">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE488B8FB2C4DE8FB66" authority="Issel, 1904" authorityName="Issel" authorityYear="1904" box="[159,1206,1162,1184]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Fridericia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="paroniana">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FB2C4B9FFB66" box="[159,705,1162,1184]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FB2C482BFB66" box="[159,373,1162,1184]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Fridericia paroniana</emphasis>
Issel, 1904
</th>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098C8EFB2C4C75FB66" box="[1193,1323,1162,1184]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</taxonomicName>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FB154C75FB33" box="[159,1323,1203,1269]" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FB154B9FFB33" box="[159,705,1203,1269]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE488B8FB104B43FB0A" authority="(Vejdovsky, 1878)" authorityName="Vejdovsky" authorityYear="1878" baseAuthorityName="Vejdovsky" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[159,541,1205,1228]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Fridericia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="perrieri">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FB104802FB0A" box="[159,348,1206,1228]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Fridericia perrieri</emphasis>
(Vejdovský, 1878)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="91FF57C32C1CFFE48A03FB134B1FFB0D" box="[548,577,1205,1227]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
&quot;spiral&quot; 5
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FB7848E4FB32" bold="true" box="[159,442,1246,1268]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FB78483AFB32" bold="true" box="[159,356,1246,1268]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
*
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48895FB78483AFB32" box="[178,356,1246,1268]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Fridericia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sousai" status="sp. nov.">Fridericia sousai</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="91FF57C32C1CFFE4894DFB7948E4FB32" box="[362,442,1247,1268]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098C8EFB154C75FB33" box="[1193,1323,1203,1269]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x x</td>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FAAE4C75FAD8" box="[159,1323,1288,1310]" gridrow="15" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FAAE4B9FFAD8" box="[159,705,1288,1310]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FAAE4887FAD8" bold="true" box="[159,473,1288,1310]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FAAE48DDFAD8" bold="true" box="[159,387,1288,1310]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
*
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48895FAAE48DDFAD8" box="[178,387,1288,1310]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Fridericia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="roembkei" status="sp. nov.">Fridericia roembkei</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="91FF57C32C1CFFE489AEFAAF4887FAD8" box="[393,473,1289,1310]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098C8EFAAE4C75FAD8" box="[1193,1323,1288,1310]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FA974C75FA81" box="[159,1323,1329,1351]" gridrow="16" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FA974B9FFA81" box="[159,705,1329,1351]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FA9748BAFA81" bold="true" box="[159,484,1329,1351]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FA9748D0FA81" bold="true" box="[159,398,1329,1351]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
*
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48895FA9748D0FA81" box="[178,398,1329,1351]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Fridericia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="marginata" status="sp. nov.">Fridericia marginata</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="91FF57C32C1CFFE489B3FA9448BAFA81" box="[404,484,1330,1351]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098C8EFA974C75FA81" box="[1193,1323,1329,1351]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FAFC4C75FAB7" box="[159,1323,1370,1393]" gridrow="17" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FAFC4B9FFAB7" box="[159,705,1370,1393]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FAFD48D8FAB6" box="[159,390,1370,1392]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
*
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48895FAFC48D8FAB6" box="[178,390,1370,1392]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Fridericia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ciliotheca" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE48895FAFC48D8FAB6" bold="true" box="[178,390,1370,1392]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Fridericia ciliotheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="91FF57C32C1CFFE489AAFAFD4880FAB6" box="[397,478,1371,1392]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</th>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098C8EFAFC4C75FAB7" box="[1193,1323,1370,1393]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FA224C75FA5C" box="[159,1323,1412,1434]" gridrow="18" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-1="1">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE488B8FA224DE8FA5C" authority="Friend, 1911" authorityName="Friend" authorityYear="1911" box="[159,1206,1412,1434]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Henlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="perpusilla">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FA224B9FFA5C" box="[159,705,1412,1434]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FA22480BFA5C" box="[159,341,1412,1434]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Henlea perpusilla</emphasis>
Friend, 1911
</th>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098C8EFA224C75FA5C" box="[1193,1323,1412,1434]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</taxonomicName>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FA0B4C75FA02" box="[159,1323,1453,1476]" gridrow="19" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FA0B4B9FFA02" box="[159,705,1453,1476]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FA084820FA02" box="[159,382,1454,1476]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
*
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48895FA084820FA02" box="[178,382,1454,1476]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Henlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ventriculosa">Henlea ventriculosa</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(d'Udekem, 1854)
</th>
<td id="45595D942C1C00098C8EFA0B4C75FA02" box="[1193,1323,1453,1476]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8FA714C75F9DF" box="[159,1323,1495,1561]" gridrow="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8FA714B9FF9DF" box="[159,705,1495,1561]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE488B8FA7C4B6BFA36" authority="Michaelsen, 1889" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1889" box="[159,565,1497,1520]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Marionina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="argentea">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8FA7C4834FA36" box="[159,362,1498,1520]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Marionina argentea</emphasis>
(Michaelsen, 1889)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="91FF57C32C1CFFE48A1CFA7F4B07FA29" box="[571,601,1497,1519]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
6
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8F9A549F2F9DE" box="[159,172,1539,1560]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48895F9A24DE8FA2B" authority="Bretscher, 1899" authorityName="Bretscher" authorityYear="1899" box="[178,1206,1496,1561]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Marionina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="riparia">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE48895F9A24833F9DF" box="[178,365,1540,1561]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Marionina riparia</emphasis>
Bretscher, 1899
<td id="45595D942C1C00098C8EFA714C75F9DF" box="[1193,1323,1495,1561]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x x</td>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8F98A4C75F984" box="[159,1323,1580,1602]" gridrow="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8F98A4B9FF984" box="[159,705,1580,1602]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE488B8F98A4848F984" box="[159,278,1580,1602]" class="Clitellata" family="Tubificidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Tubificidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48938F98A48E0F984" box="[287,446,1580,1602]" class="Clitellata" family="Tubificidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Rhyacodrilinae">Rhyacodrilinae</taxonomicName>
:
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="068834E82C1C000988B8F9F34C75F9AD" box="[159,1323,1621,1643]" gridrow="22" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" rowspan-1="1">
<th id="45595D942C1C000988B8F9F34B9FF9AD" box="[159,705,1621,1643]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE488B8F9F049F2F9AD" box="[159,172,1622,1643]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48895F9F34DE8F9AD" authority="Bretscher, 1901" authorityName="Bretscher" authorityYear="1901" box="[178,1206,1621,1643]" class="Clitellata" family="Randiellidae" genus="Rhyacodrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="falciformis">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE48895F9F348F3F9AD" box="[178,429,1621,1643]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Rhyacodrilus falciformis</emphasis>
Bretscher, 1901
<td id="45595D942C1C00098C8EF9F34C75F9AD" box="[1193,1323,1621,1643]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">x</td>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1CFFE488B0F92A4D7DF900" blockId="18.[151,1323,1676,1867]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
1 Form without refractile granules in coelomocytes (Schmelz &amp; Collado 2010), possibly comprising several species. 2 Form with straight canal of spermathecal ectal duct near ampulla (Schmelz 2003:
<specimenCount id="AEBEFD232C1CFFE48BF8F9164D46F900" box="[991,1048,1712,1734]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" type="generic">291f.</specimenCount>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1CFFE488B0F9684ADCF921" blockId="18.[151,1323,1676,1867]" box="[151,898,1742,1767]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">3 Possibly new species but without reference material of sufficient quality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1CFFE488B0F9564D51F8EF" blockId="18.[151,1323,1676,1867]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
4 Form with refractile granules in coelomocytes (Schmelz &amp; Collado 2010), possibly comprising several species. 5 Form with spiral canal of spermathecal ectal duct near ampulla (Schmelz 2003:
<specimenCount id="AEBEFD232C1CFFE48BECF8B54D5AF8EF" box="[971,1028,1811,1833]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" type="generic">291f.</specimenCount>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1CFFE488B0F8944D62F88C" blockId="18.[151,1323,1676,1867]" box="[151,1084,1842,1867]" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
6 The recent split of
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48944F8904880F88D" box="[355,478,1846,1867]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Marionina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="argentea">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE48944F8904880F88D" box="[355,478,1846,1867]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">M. argentea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
into four species (Rota 2012) could not be considered here.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1CFFE588E0F8DC4B3FFE32" blockId="18.[151,1436,1914,2010]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,151,968]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="326" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
Nielsen and Christensen (1963) suggested an affinity of
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48B77F8DC4AE6F854" box="[848,952,1914,1938]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE48B77F8DC4AE6F854" box="[848,952,1914,1938]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Enchylea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE48BC7F8DC4D2DF854" box="[992,1139,1914,1938]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48BC7F8DC4D31F854" box="[992,1135,1914,1938]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Enchytraeus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
because of the shape and position of the oesophageal appendages. The presence of testis sacs, one of the traits not mentioned originally but present in our material, supports their assumption. Testis sacs are known so far only in
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1CFFE48C9EF8644C1BF81C" box="[1209,1349,1986,2010]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="18" pageNumber="325" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1CFFE48C9EF8644C1BF81C" box="[1209,1349,1986,2010]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="325">Enchytraeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and in
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE588B0FF3E4878FF76" box="[151,294,152,176]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Lumbricillus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE588B0FF3E4878FF76" box="[151,294,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Lumbricillus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the latter without oesophageal appendages. These two genera further agree with
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE58C96FF3E4C47FF76" box="[1201,1305,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Enchlyea</emphasis>
in the short nephridial anteseptale, which consists of not more than the funnel. However,
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE58BDCFF1A4D27FF12" box="[1019,1145,188,212]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Buchholzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE58BDCFF1A4D27FF12" box="[1019,1145,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Buchholzia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also a likely candidate. Species of this genus have oesophageal appendages
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE58AC1FF464A4EFF3E" box="[742,784,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">and</emphasis>
intestinal diverticula, and these are sufficiently similar to the respective structures in
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE589FEFEA24B1FFEDA" box="[473,577,260,284]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE589FEFEA24B1FFEDA" box="[473,577,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Enchylea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to claim a homology. Noteworthy is the dorsal insertion of the intestinal diverticula, because lateral insertion is more common in enchytraeids (genera
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE58CBAFE8E4DB0FE86" box="[1181,1262,296,320]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Henlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE58CBAFE8E4DB0FE86" box="[1181,1262,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Henlea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE58D2BFE8E4CCBFE86" box="[1292,1429,296,320]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytronia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE58D2BFE8E4CCBFE86" box="[1292,1429,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Enchytronia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE588B0FEEA4869FEA2" box="[151,311,332,356]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Guaranidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE588B0FEEA4869FEA2" box="[151,311,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Guaranidrilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). However, diverticula in
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE58A4BFEEA4BB4FEA2" box="[620,746,332,356]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Buchholzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE58A4BFEEA4BB4FEA2" box="[620,746,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Buchholzia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are compact bodies in VIII without lateral wings and with narrow canals. Oesophageal appendages differ in details of shape (more sac-like) and insertion (laterally and more posteriorly in IV), but other details (simple tubes with wide lumen inserting in IV) are similar. Other structures differ from
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE5893BFE1E489EFE09" authority="The" authorityName="The" box="[284,448,439,464]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE5893BFE1E48DAFE16" box="[284,388,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Enchylea</emphasis>
: The
</taxonomicName>
nephridial anteseptale is with small parts of the nephridial body, testis sacs are absent, and there are two
<typeStatus id="670388082C1DFFE58978FE7B48C4FE33" box="[351,410,477,501]" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">types</typeStatus>
of coelomocytes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1DFFE588E0FE594B0CFD0A" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">
Further peculiarities in
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE589F7FDA64B66FDDE" box="[464,568,512,536]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE589F7FDA64B66FDDE" box="[464,568,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Enchylea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, not shared by species of
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE58B47FDA64AB2FDDE" box="[864,1004,512,536]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE58B47FDA64AB2FDDE" box="[864,1004,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Enchytraeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE58C33FDA64DCCFDDE" box="[1044,1170,512,536]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Buchholzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE58C33FDA64DCCFDDE" box="[1044,1170,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Buchholzia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, are the short and stout vasa deferentia (present in
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE589E9FD824BD9FDFA" box="[462,647,548,572]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Cernosvitoviella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE589E9FD824BD9FDFA" box="[462,647,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Cernosvitoviella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and some tropical
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE58B40FD824A9DFDFA" box="[871,963,548,572]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Achaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE58B40FD824A9DFDFA" box="[871,963,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Achaeta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species), and the anterior location of the first nephridium (4/5, present also in some species of
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE58AC9FDEE4A61FDA6" box="[750,831,584,608]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Henlea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE58AC9FDEE4A61FDA6" box="[750,831,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Henlea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE58B52FDEE4AB3FDA6" box="[885,1005,584,608]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Bryodrilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE58B52FDEE4AB3FDA6" box="[885,1005,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Bryodrilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE58C23FDEE4DCEFDA6" box="[1028,1168,584,608]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE58C23FDEE4DCEFDA6" box="[1028,1168,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Enchytraeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE58CE1FDEE4C1AFDA6" box="[1222,1348,584,608]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Buchholzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE58CE1FDEE4C1AFDA6" box="[1222,1348,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Buchholzia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occupy different branches in the molecular phylogenetic trees generated by Erséus et al (2010). DNA has been extracted from one of the three specimens of
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE58A6CFD364BEDFD6E" box="[587,691,656,680]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE58A6CFD364BEDFD6E" box="[587,691,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Enchylea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that we found, and future sequencing may help to clarify the phylogenetic relationships of
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE589C4FD124B15FD0A" box="[483,587,692,716]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE589C4FD124B15FD0A" box="[483,587,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Enchylea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B80736AA2C1DFFE588E0FD7E481AFC01" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE588E0FD7E489EFD36" box="[199,448,728,752]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="heteroducta">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE588E0FD7E489EFD36" box="[199,448,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Enchylea heteroducta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was found in low numbers (
<specimenCount id="AEBEFD232C1DFFE58B3AFD714AF2FD29" box="[797,940,727,751]" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
among thousands of enchytraeids), which means that the preferred habitat
<typeStatus id="670388082C1DFFE58A20FD5B4B69FCD3" box="[519,567,765,789]" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">type</typeStatus>
of the species may differ from the
<typeStatus id="670388082C1DFFE58BEDFD5B4D5BFCD3" box="[970,1029,765,789]" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">types</typeStatus>
represented by the sites sampled in this study. The high number of oocytes mentioned in the original description (up to 8 per individual) and its first appearance in laboratory cultures suggests a lifestyle similar to that of other easily culturable enchytraeid species, all of them belonging to
<taxonomicName id="7FB84D292C1DFFE589E7FCCE4B12FC46" box="[448,588,872,896]" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="19" pageNumber="326" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8ACCEAB82C1DFFE589E7FCCE4B12FC46" box="[448,588,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="326">Enchytraeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, r-strategists adapted to exploiting high amounts of all kinds of organic material. We therefore believe that higher densities of this interesting species will be found in mediterranean compost heaps.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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