276 lines
31 KiB
XML
276 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="AD3FBC58677F93529924D0634DC4B0C9" ID-CLB-Dataset="7577" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4948.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7af2fc34-63ae-40d2-95a6-4bed18653e7a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4616068" ID-ZooBank="79CCDC5F-2F94-4398-B3DD-8DAC05669E9C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1616047640932" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Aguiar, Aline, Morais, Drausio Honorio, Firmino Silva, Lidiane A., Anjos, Luciano Alves Dos, Foster, Ottilie Carolina & Silva, Reinaldo José Da" docDate="2021" docId="0C3AAD5FFF64F601FF3DDDC2FA33FD68" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4948.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4948 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Parapharyngodon alvarengai Freitas 1957" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="F003D527FF6FF60DFFAADB60FFB7FFA5" masterDocTitle="Biodiversity of anuran endoparasites from a transitional area between the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes in Brazil: new records and remarks" masterLastPageNumber="41" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698934079419" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="05D6AA27DF22426FA56C5DB12AD6887A">
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<mods:title id="8927E72DF5AEDAE64C833B9495B2520F">Biodiversity of anuran endoparasites from a transitional area between the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes in Brazil: new records and remarks</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2AAE4F297B73C643EC58D85CDB6B06D8" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="DC1FDC2DCB60DAC2BF01A004635B3F72">Aguiar, Aline</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="774308347DC3C40B90036BDCBB631F0B">Laboratório de Herpetologia, Departamento de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP Rio Claro, Avenida 24 A, 1515 - Jardim Vila Bela, CEP 13506 - 900, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7B04B8AB2DBBDB2E03360E14121F4A6B">Morais, Drausio Honorio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="526707E322520308783610499934A845">Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - UFU, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, LMG- 746, Km 1, Monte Carmelo, 38500 - 000, MG, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="35C8ED9872C374D2BCD67B3DBF8B2FE5">Firmino Silva, Lidiane A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="663456FCA7960AA74CDEF91A27990072">Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2460B23F8F0836E9717162965C8DB661">Anjos, Luciano Alves Dos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DE56A91EFC106CF51D45EEE142C4B748">Departamento de Biologia e Zootecnia, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Passeio Monção, 226, CEP 15385 - 000, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1F53953CB8A79C247069A10E09B27270">Foster, Ottilie Carolina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8B273E36E8AE52C2C7341F2086E36811">Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9B1D2F4FEECA4913B45FBDDABE2295C3">Silva, Reinaldo José Da</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="94F0DACAC4993998F700305DB293D2B4">Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="1B16DFC5DBF99D150D3819A516810D46">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="DE6BECE979CAACED627EFDF4D5EAD624">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="9548C481144F92FB320C0FC1E609FC78" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4948.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0C3AAD5FFF64F601FF3DDDC2FA33FD68" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4647634" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180780055" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4647634" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0C3AAD5FFF64F601FF3DDDC2FA33FD68" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0C3AAD5FFF64F601FF3DDDC2FA33FD68" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="CC894FC2FF64F606FF3DDDC2FD7EF919" box="[151,713,1698,1725]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="842C1C49FF64F606FF3DDDC2FD7EF919" blockId="11.[151,713,1698,1725]" box="[151,713,1698,1725]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<heading id="DF64AB25FF64F606FF3DDDC2FD7EF919" bold="true" box="[151,713,1698,1725]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="439367CAFF64F606FF3DDDC2FD7EF919" authority="Freitas, 1957" authorityName="Freitas" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,713,1698,1725]" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" genus="Parapharyngodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="alvarengai">
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||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FF3DDDC2FD7EF919" bold="true" box="[151,713,1698,1725]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FF3DDDC2FEC4F918" bold="true" box="[151,371,1698,1725]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Parapharyngodon</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FE0ADDC2FD96F918" bold="true" box="[416,545,1698,1725]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">alvarengai</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF64F606FD82DDC2FD7EF919" author="Freitas, J. F. T." box="[552,713,1698,1724]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="21 - 45" refId="ref21065" refString="Freitas, J. F. T. (1957) Sobre os generos Thelandros e Parapharyngodon Chatterji, 1933, com descric " o de Parapharyngodon alvarengai sp. n. (Nematoda, Oxyuroidea). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 55, 21 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0074 - 02761957000100003" type="journal article" year="1957">Freitas, 1957</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="CC894FC2FF64F606FF3DDD8AFEE0F8E9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="biology_ecology">
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||
<paragraph id="842C1C49FF64F606FF3DDD8AFBADF8A1" blockId="11.[151,1436,1770,2013]" box="[151,1050,1770,1797]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FF3DDD8AFE7EF8A1" bold="true" box="[151,457,1770,1796]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Hosts (prevalence; range)</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="439367CAFF64F606FE72DD8BFDD7F8A1" box="[472,608,1770,1796]" class="Chromadorea" family="Atractidae" genus="Leptodatylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="typhonius">
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<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FE72DD8BFDD7F8A1" box="[472,608,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">T. typhonius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(6/16; 3–93), and
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<taxonomicName id="439367CAFF64F606FC9ADD8BFC0EF8A1" box="[816,953,1770,1797]" class="Chromadorea" family="Kathlaniidae" genus="Pteroxyascaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="similis">
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||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FC9ADD8BFC89F8A0" box="[816,830,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">S</emphasis>
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. cf.
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<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FCDADD8AFC0EF8A1" box="[880,953,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">similis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(1/2; 2).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="842C1C49FF64F606FF6DDC6EFD03F88D" blockId="11.[151,1436,1770,2013]" box="[199,692,1806,1833]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FF6DDC6EFE35F88D" bold="true" box="[199,386,1806,1832]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Site of infection</emphasis>
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: small and large intestines.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="842C1C49FF64F606FF6DDC52FEE0F8E9" blockId="11.[151,1436,1770,2013]" box="[199,343,1842,1869]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FF6DDC52FEBFF8E9" bold="true" box="[199,264,1842,1868]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stage</emphasis>
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: adult.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CC894FC2FF64F606FF6DDC36FE81F831" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="842C1C49FF64F606FF6DDC36FE81F831" blockId="11.[151,1436,1770,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FF6DDC36FDA5F8D5" bold="true" box="[199,530,1878,1904]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<typeStatus id="5B28A2EBFF64F606FF6DDC36FEB5F8D5" box="[199,258,1878,1904]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Type</typeStatus>
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host and
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<typeStatus id="5B28A2EBFF64F606FED4DC36FE06F8D5" box="[382,433,1878,1904]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
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locality
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</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="439367CAFF64F606FD8EDC36FC39F8D4" authority="(Schmidt)" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1945" box="[548,910,1878,1905]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Trachylepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atlantica">
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<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FD8EDC36FCA3F8D5" box="[548,788,1878,1904]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Trachylepis atlantica</emphasis>
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(Schmidt)
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName id="439367CAFF64F606FC11DC36FB3FF8D5" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1845" box="[955,1160,1878,1904]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Mabuya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculata">
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<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FC11DC36FB3FF8D5" box="[955,1160,1878,1904]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Mabuya maculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), Fernando de Noronha Island,
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<collectingCountry id="FC845CD9FF64F606FF40DC1AFE85F831" box="[234,306,1914,1940]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="CC894FC2FF64F601FF6DDCFEFA33FD68" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="842C1C49FF64F606FF6DDCFEFA2BF879" blockId="11.[151,1436,1770,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FF6DDCFEFEFFF81D" bold="true" box="[199,328,1950,1976]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Comments</emphasis>
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: previous studies have discussed the relationships and validity of the genera
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<taxonomicName id="439367CAFF64F606FB0CDCFEFA92F81D" authorityName="Wedl" authorityYear="1862" box="[1190,1317,1950,1976]" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" genus="Thelandros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FB0CDCFEFA92F81D" box="[1190,1317,1950,1976]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Thelandros</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
and
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||
<taxonomicName id="439367CAFF64F606FAF1DCFFFE9BF879" authorityName="Chatterji" authorityYear="1933" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" genus="Parapharyngodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FAF1DCFFFE9BF879" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Parapharyngodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
. Some authors validated the second as genus (
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<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FCEBDCA3FCECF879" box="[833,859,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">eg</emphasis>
|
||
.
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<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF64F606FCC1DCA2FC4CF878" author="Freitas, J. F. T." box="[875,1019,1986,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="21 - 45" refId="ref21065" refString="Freitas, J. F. T. (1957) Sobre os generos Thelandros e Parapharyngodon Chatterji, 1933, com descric " o de Parapharyngodon alvarengai sp. n. (Nematoda, Oxyuroidea). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 55, 21 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0074 - 02761957000100003" type="journal article" year="1957">Freitas 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF64F606FBADDCA2FB02F879" author="Adamson, M. L." box="[1031,1205,1986,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="105 - 117" refId="ref17786" refString="Adamson, M. L. (1981) Parapharyngodon osteopili n. sp. (Pharymgodonidae: Oxyuroidea) and a revision of Parapharyngodon and Thelandros. Systematic Parasitology, 3, 105 - 117. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00012216" type="journal article" year="1981">Adamson 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF64F606FB68DCA2FA22F879" author="Pereira, F. B. & Sousa, B. M. & Lima, S. S." box="[1218,1429,1986,2013]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="311 - 317" refId="ref25249" refString="Pereira, F. B., Sousa, B. M. & Lima, S. S. (2011) A new species of Pharyngodonidae (Nematoda) of Tropidurus torquatus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) from Brazil. Journal of Parasitology, 97 (2), 311 - 317. https: // doi. org / 10.1645 / GE- 2579.1" type="journal article" year="2011">
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||
Pereira
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<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF64F606FAB0DCA3FAFAF879" box="[1306,1357,1986,2012]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
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</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="842C1C49FF63F601FF3DDBF7FA33FD68" blockId="12.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
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and others considered it as subgenus or synonymy to
|
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<taxonomicName id="439367CAFF63F601FCA3DBF7FC3FFF14" authorityName="Wedl" authorityYear="1862" box="[777,904,151,177]" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" genus="Thelandros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FCA3DBF7FC3FFF14" box="[777,904,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Thelandros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF63F601FC31DBF7FBFBFF14" author="Yamaguti, S." box="[923,1100,151,177]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref28197" refString="Yamaguti, S. (1961) Systema Helminthum - Nematodes. Vol. 3. Part I e II. Interscience Publishers, London, 1261 pp." type="book" year="1961">Yamaguti 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF63F601FBF1DBF7FAB3FF14" author="Chabaud, A. G." box="[1115,1284,150,177]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="932 - 1180" refId="ref20166" refString="Chabaud, A. G. (1965) Ordre des Ascaridida. In: Grasse, P. P. (Ed.), Traite de zoologie, Systematiques des nematodes. Masson et Cie, Paris, France, pp. 932 - 1180." type="book chapter" year="1965">Chabaud 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF63F601FAB9DBF7FF63FF70" author="Gupta, N. & Bashkar, M. & Gupta, D. K." pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="39 - 51" refId="ref22377" refString="Gupta, N., Bashkar, M. & Gupta, D. K. (2009) Gastro-intestinal invasion in Hemidactylus flaviridis with a new species of Parapharyngodon (Oxyuroidea: Pharyngodonidae). Zootaxa, 2169 (1), 39 - 51. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2165.1.3" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Gupta
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FACBDBF7FA22FF14" box="[1377,1429,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, the latest studies consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="439367CAFF63F601FDD5DBDBFCFBFF70" authorityName="Chatterji" authorityYear="1933" box="[639,844,187,213]" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" genus="Parapharyngodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FDD5DBDBFCFBFF70" box="[639,844,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Parapharyngodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a valid taxon and indicate the principal characters which distinguish it from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="439367CAFF63F601FE1FDBBFFD83FF5C" authorityName="Wedl" authorityYear="1862" box="[437,564,223,249]" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" genus="Thelandros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FE1FDBBFFD83FF5C" box="[437,564,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Thelandros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: eggs are released in early stages of cleavage presenting a subterminal operculum; genital cone and papillae surround the cloaca are lack in males; and females present a conical tail ending in a short spike (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF63F601FE8ADA47FE46FEE4" author="Pereira, F. B. & Sousa, B. M. & Lima, S. S." box="[288,497,295,321]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="311 - 317" refId="ref25249" refString="Pereira, F. B., Sousa, B. M. & Lima, S. S. (2011) A new species of Pharyngodonidae (Nematoda) of Tropidurus torquatus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) from Brazil. Journal of Parasitology, 97 (2), 311 - 317. https: // doi. org / 10.1645 / GE- 2579.1" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Pereira
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FED2DA47FE1EFEE4" box="[376,425,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF63F601FE57DA47FD7AFEE4" author="Bursey, C. R. & Drake, M. & Cole, R. & Sterner, M. & Pinckney, R. & Zieger, U." box="[509,717,295,321]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="475 - 479" refId="ref19383" refString="Bursey, C. R., Drake, M., Cole, R., Sterner, M., Pinckney, R. & Zieger, U. (2013) New Species of Parapharyngodon (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae) in Rhinella marina (Anura: Bufonidae) from Grenada, West Indies. Journal of Parasitology, 99 (3), 475 - 479. https: // doi. org / 10.1645 / GE- 3235.1" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Bursey
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FDF9DA47FD33FEE4" box="[595,644,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF63F601FD73DA47FC1CFEE4" author="Pereira, F. B. & Luque, J. L. & Tavares, L. E. R." box="[729,939,295,321]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="599 - 607" refId="ref25315" refString="Pereira, F. B., Campi " o, K. M., Luque, J. L. & Tavares, L. E. R. (2017) Parapharyngodon hugoi n. sp., a new nematode (Oxyuroidea: Pharyngodonidae) of the tree frog Trachycephalus typhonius (Linnaeus) from the Brazilian Pantanal, including a key to the congeners from amphibians of the American continent. Systematic Parasitology, 94 (5), 599 - 607. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11230 - 017 - 9725 - 5" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Pereira
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FC85DA47FCD6FEE4" box="[815,865,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Characters that distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="439367CAFF63F601FB5ADA47FF76FEC0" authorityName="Chatterji" authorityYear="1933" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" genus="Parapharyngodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FB5ADA47FF76FEC0" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Parapharyngodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are: the number of papillae in cloaca and tail of males, size of spicules, the structure of the postcloacal lip, and how ovary surrounds the esophagus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF63F601FD27DA0FFC17FE2C" author="Araujo-Filho, J. A. & Brito, S. V. & Almeida, W. O. & Morais, D. H. & Avila, R. W." box="[653,928,366,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="386 - 390" refId="ref18318" refString="Araujo-Filho, J. A., Brito, S. V., Almeida, W. O., Morais, D. H. & Avila, R. W. (2015) A new species of Parapharyngodon (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae) infecting Dermatonotus muelleri (Anura: Microhylidae) from Caatingta, Northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa, 4012 (2), 386 - 390. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4012.2.10" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Araújo-Filho
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FC82DA0FFCEFFE2C" box="[808,856,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF63F601FC01DA0FFBCDFE2C" author="Pereira, F. B. & Luque, J. L. & Tavares, L. E. R." box="[939,1146,367,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="599 - 607" refId="ref25315" refString="Pereira, F. B., Campi " o, K. M., Luque, J. L. & Tavares, L. E. R. (2017) Parapharyngodon hugoi n. sp., a new nematode (Oxyuroidea: Pharyngodonidae) of the tree frog Trachycephalus typhonius (Linnaeus) from the Brazilian Pantanal, including a key to the congeners from amphibians of the American continent. Systematic Parasitology, 94 (5), 599 - 607. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11230 - 017 - 9725 - 5" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Pereira
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FBABDA0FFB86FE2C" box="[1025,1073,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF63F601FB2FDA0FFAE7FE2C" author="Santos, T. A. P. & Argolo, E. G. G. & Santos, A. N. & Rodrigues, A. R. O. & Gonzalez, C. E. & Santos, J. N. & Melo, F. T. V." box="[1157,1360,367,393]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="220 - 225" refId="ref26052" refString="Santos, T. A. P., Argolo, E. G. G., Santos, A. N., Rodrigues, A. R. O., Gonzalez, C. E., Santos, J. N. & Melo, F. T. V. (2019) A new species of Parapharyngodon Chatterji, 1933 (Oxyuroidea: Pharyngodonidae), parasitic in Osteocephalus taurinus (Anura: Hylidae) from Brazil. Journal of Helminthology, 93 (2), 220 - 225. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0022149 X 18000093" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Santos
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FB7CDA0FFAB1FE2C" box="[1238,1286,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Also,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF63F601FF3DDAF3FE6BFE08" author="Velarde-Aguilar, M. & Mata-Lopez, R. & Guillen-Hernandez, S. & Leon-Regagnon, V." box="[151,476,402,429]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="212 - 230" refId="ref27772" refString="Velarde-Aguilar, M. G, Mata-Lopez, R., Guillen-Hernandez, S. & Leon-Regagnon, V. (2015) Parapharyngodon n. spp. (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae) parasites of hylid frogs from Mexico and review of species included in the genus. Journal of Parasitology, 101, 212 - 230. https: // doi. org / 10.1645 / 13 - 328.1" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Velarde-Aguilar
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FEF8DAF3FE34FE08" box="[338,387,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2015)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested the importance of Scan Electron Microscopy to analyze cephalic structures (papillae and lips) for the differentiation of species. The 53 valid species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="439367CAFF63F601FC44DAD7FB0CFE74" authorityName="Chatterji" authorityYear="1933" box="[1006,1211,439,465]" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" genus="Parapharyngodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FC44DAD7FB0CFE74" box="[1006,1211,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Parapharyngodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are reported in reptiles and amphibians with global distribution being 21 recorded in Neotropical and Caribbean Region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF63F601FAA7DABBFF65FDBC" author="Pereira, F. B. & Luque, J. L. & Tavares, L. E. R." pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="599 - 607" refId="ref25315" refString="Pereira, F. B., Campi " o, K. M., Luque, J. L. & Tavares, L. E. R. (2017) Parapharyngodon hugoi n. sp., a new nematode (Oxyuroidea: Pharyngodonidae) of the tree frog Trachycephalus typhonius (Linnaeus) from the Brazilian Pantanal, including a key to the congeners from amphibians of the American continent. Systematic Parasitology, 94 (5), 599 - 607. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11230 - 017 - 9725 - 5" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Pereira
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FACFDABBFA22FE50" box="[1381,1429,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF63F601FF77DA9FFE1EFDBC" author="Santos, T. A. P. & Argolo, E. G. G. & Santos, A. N. & Rodrigues, A. R. O. & Gonzalez, C. E. & Santos, J. N. & Melo, F. T. V." box="[221,425,511,537]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="220 - 225" refId="ref26052" refString="Santos, T. A. P., Argolo, E. G. G., Santos, A. N., Rodrigues, A. R. O., Gonzalez, C. E., Santos, J. N. & Melo, F. T. V. (2019) A new species of Parapharyngodon Chatterji, 1933 (Oxyuroidea: Pharyngodonidae), parasitic in Osteocephalus taurinus (Anura: Hylidae) from Brazil. Journal of Helminthology, 93 (2), 220 - 225. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0022149 X 18000093" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Santos
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FE84DA9FFEE8FDBC" box="[302,351,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="439367CAFF63F601FE11DA9FFCB0FDBC" authorityName="Freitas" authorityYear="1957" box="[443,775,511,537]" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" genus="Parapharyngodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="alvarengai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FE11DA9FFCB0FDBC" box="[443,775,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Parapharyngodon alvarengai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is characterized by three pairs of caudal papillae (two pairs adanal—one ventral and other lateral; one pair in a proximal region of the caudal appendage), a smooth anterior cloacal lip and a prebulbar ovary (encircling the esophagus) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF63F601FC89D927FC04FDC4" author="Freitas, J. F. T." box="[803,947,582,609]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="21 - 45" refId="ref21065" refString="Freitas, J. F. T. (1957) Sobre os generos Thelandros e Parapharyngodon Chatterji, 1933, com descric " o de Parapharyngodon alvarengai sp. n. (Nematoda, Oxyuroidea). Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 55, 21 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0074 - 02761957000100003" type="journal article" year="1957">Freitas 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF63F601FC15D927FB25FDC4" author="Pereira, F. B. & Luque, J. L. & Tavares, L. E. R." box="[959,1170,583,609]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="599 - 607" refId="ref25315" refString="Pereira, F. B., Campi " o, K. M., Luque, J. L. & Tavares, L. E. R. (2017) Parapharyngodon hugoi n. sp., a new nematode (Oxyuroidea: Pharyngodonidae) of the tree frog Trachycephalus typhonius (Linnaeus) from the Brazilian Pantanal, including a key to the congeners from amphibians of the American continent. Systematic Parasitology, 94 (5), 599 - 607. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11230 - 017 - 9725 - 5" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Pereira
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FBBCD927FBF0FDC4" box="[1046,1095,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We observed the most of these characters; however we were not sure about the morphology of anterior cloacal lip which is necessary to confirm using Scan Electron Microscopy. For South American anurans, there is only one bufonid species recorded as host for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="439367CAFF63F601FEB9D9D3FD3FFD68" authority="(Luque et al. 2005)" baseAuthorityName="Luque" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[275,648,690,717]" class="Chromadorea" family="Pharyngodonidae" genus="Parapharyngodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="alvarengai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FEB9D9D3FE11FD68" box="[275,422,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. alvarengai</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E00261B8FF63F601FE1FD9D3FD37FD68" author="Luque, J. L. & Martins, A. N. & Tavares, L. E. R." box="[437,640,690,717]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="215 - 220" refId="ref23725" refString="Luque, J. L., Martins, A. N. & Tavares, L. E. R. (2005) Community structure of metazoan parasites of the yellow Cururu toad, Bufo ictericus (Anura, Bufonidae) from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Acta Parasitologica, 50, 215 - 220." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Luque
|
||
<emphasis id="B6E7C05BFF63F601FDAFD9D3FD80FD68" box="[517,567,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but in the present study these two hylids are recorded as new hosts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |