259 lines
32 KiB
XML
259 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="3CB389EAAD06F9DBA7987001B3F266CE" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5041813" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5041813" ID-ZooBank="DF505A18-63A1-44BB-BF5D-13887FAE0DAD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1624979060254" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Larochelle & Larivière, Marie-Claude" docDate="2021" docId="038F87CF8F3D4877DFED11CEA57C3A63" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.0864.1-96.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2021 (864)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.3:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Ctenognathus pictonensis Sharp 1886" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="FFB6FFB78F17485CDF2D100BA17B386D" masterDocTitle="Synopsis of the tribe Platynini in New Zealand (Coleoptera: Carabidae)" masterLastPageNumber="96" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1698978488161" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="432EE175DB5DA985026B22DCDDEAE883">
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<mods:title id="9B9451457BC8EBD9CFEEBEAAD6EE135B">Synopsis of the tribe Platynini in New Zealand (Coleoptera: Carabidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BAD33B08D73291F9E0BA7A3731A94A7E">Larochelle</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="94963C8EAF3A4754DBED65B3E84654A5">Collection, Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Prosphodrus waimana Larochelle</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="892E4D499B17AB6312A25297D0C92D88">Larivière, Marie-Claude</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9AC37E7466A050450C550EA652802F45">- Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland Larochelle and Larivière, new species</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="CCCB81485ADB120CBFE55AAE6AB3BE7D">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8E418FB7C7BE24785C3F8735B9B99868">
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<mods:date id="86FF3EAD46FCE1BDC54FA341F35923A4">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2818614FD6FEBE22EBA03A97F7590582">2021-04-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E5AB8C2C2D7C2760C46FEBAA209EAA25">2021</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="2EE94CD1E766C128014E84EAD9430718" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5041813</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B071AED12BB8128143AA0EAB445C00DD" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="C33C65528F3D4876DFED11CEA3E5398F" box="[192,670,453,482]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="D0D181B58F3D4876DFED11CEA3E5398F" box="[192,670,453,482]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3D4876DFED11CEA3E5398F" ID-CoL="325T3" authority="Sharp, 1886" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1886" box="[192,670,453,482]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ctenognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictonensis">
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<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DFED11CEA3E5398F" bold="true" box="[192,670,453,482]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DFED11CEA37A398C" bold="true" box="[192,513,453,482]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Ctenognathus pictonensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B288F3D4876DD2511CEA3E5398F" author="Sharp D." box="[520,670,453,482]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" pagination="351 - 454" refId="ref56359" refString="Sharp D. 1886. On New Zealand Coleoptera, with descriptions of new genera and species. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society 2 (3): 351 - 454." type="journal article" year="1886">Sharp, 1886</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33C65528F3D4876DFED11E2A00E3A69" box="[192,373,489,516]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9936D98F3D4876DFED11E2A00E3A69" blockId="42.[192,670,453,516]" box="[192,373,489,516]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">
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<figureCitation id="131D2A5C8F3D4876DFED11E2A0763A6E" box="[192,269,489,515]" captionStart="Figures 61–64" captionStartId="76.[192,279,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[210,1433,218,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-45@76.[195,1440,206,1837]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Figures 61–64. Dorsal habitus. 61) Ctenognathus adamsi. 62) C. pictonensis. 63) C. tawanui new species. 64) C. perumalae new species. Scale line = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5041851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5041851/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="131D2A5C8F3D4876DE3511E2A0393A69" box="[280,322,489,516]" captionStart="Figures 101–107" captionStartId="84.[192,279,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[252,1384,254,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-54@84.[191,1440,208,1841]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="Figures 101–107. Aedeagus, lateral. 101) Ctenognathus tepaki new species. 102) C. urewera new species. 103) C. cardiophorus. 104) C. adamsi. 105) C. pictonensis. 106) C. tawanui new species. 107) C. perumalae new species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5041881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5041881/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">105</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131D2A5C8F3D4876DE6011E1A00E3A69" box="[333,373,490,516]" captionStart="Figures 142–147" captionStartId="91.[192,279,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[206,1426,213,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-46@91.[206,1426,213,1839]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="Figures 142–147. Species distribution maps. 142) Ctenognathus pictonensis. 143) C. sandageri. 144) C. takahe new species. 145) C. tawanui new species. 146) C. tepaki new species. 147) C. urewera new species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5041903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5041903/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">142</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33C65528F3D4876DFCD1219A54A3B68" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9936D98F3D4876DFCD1219A3813AE5" blockId="42.[224,1441,530,773]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8710C88F3D4876DFCD1219A3F73A47" author="Sharp D." box="[224,652,530,554]" page="364" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" year="1886">
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3D4876DFCD1219A3F73A47" ID-CoL="325T3" authority="Sharp, 1886: 364" authorityName="Sharp" authorityPageNumber="364" authorityYear="1886" box="[224,652,530,554]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ctenognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictonensis">
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||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DFCD1219A0A73A47" box="[224,476,530,554]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Ctenognathus pictonensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B288F3D4876DECF1219A3F73A47" author="Sharp D." box="[482,652,530,554]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" pagination="351 - 454" refId="ref56359" refString="Sharp D. 1886. On New Zealand Coleoptera, with descriptions of new genera and species. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society 2 (3): 351 - 454." type="journal article" year="1886">Sharp, 1886: 364</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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||
<typeStatus id="549D887B8F3D4876DDB81218A3823A46" box="[661,761,531,555]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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(here designated): male (BMNH) labeled “
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3D4876DB801219A4DB3A47" ID-CoL="8LX8W" authorityName=": Sharp" authorityYear="1886" box="[1197,1440,530,554]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anchomenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictonensis">
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||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DB801219A4DB3A47" box="[1197,1440,530,554]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Anchomenus pictonensis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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type D.S. Picton, N.Z. Helms (hand-written) / Type H.T. (circular red-bordered label; typed) / Sharp Coll. 1905-313. / Picton
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<collectingCountry id="F33176498F3D4876DE65125AA0AA3A04" box="[328,465,593,617]" name="New Zealand" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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||
. Helms. (typed). /
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||
<typeStatus id="549D887B8F3D4876DDA1125AA2633A04" box="[652,792,593,617]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
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||
[male symbol]
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3D4876DC9B125AA4553A04" ID-CoL="325T3" authority="Sharp, 1886" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1886" box="[950,1326,593,617]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ctenognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DC9B125AA5C93A04" box="[950,1202,593,617]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Ctenognathus pictonensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B288F3D4876DB9A125AA4553A04" author="Sharp D." box="[1207,1326,593,617]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" pagination="351 - 454" refId="ref56359" refString="Sharp D. 1886. On New Zealand Coleoptera, with descriptions of new genera and species. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society 2 (3): 351 - 454." type="journal article" year="1886">Sharp, 1886</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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designated by Larochelle & Larivière, 2021 (red label; typed).”
|
||
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B9936D98F3D4876DFCD1284A5C93ACA" blockId="42.[224,1441,530,773]" box="[224,1202,655,679]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3611F78F3D4876DFCD1284A5C93ACA" box="[224,1202,655,679]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8710C88F3D4876DFCD1284A3F93ACA" author="Sharp D." box="[224,642,655,679]" page="454" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" year="1886">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3D4876DFCD1284A3F93ACA" ID-CoL="8LX8W" authority=": Sharp 1886: 454" authorityName=": Sharp" authorityPageNumber="454" authorityYear="1886" box="[224,642,655,679]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anchomenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictonensis">
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||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DFCD1284A0A83ACA" box="[224,467,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Anchomenus pictonensis</emphasis>
|
||
:
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B288F3D4876DEF31284A3F93ACA" author="Sharp D." box="[478,642,655,679]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" pagination="351 - 454" refId="ref56359" refString="Sharp D. 1886. On New Zealand Coleoptera, with descriptions of new genera and species. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society 2 (3): 351 - 454." type="journal article" year="1886">Sharp 1886: 454</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, Plate XII,
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<figureCitation id="131D2A5C8F3D4876DDDD1284A2383ACA" box="[752,835,655,679]" captionStart="Figures 1–13" captionStartId="67.[192,279,1833,1859]" captionTargetBox="[247,1417,213,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-11@67.[207,1425,213,1806]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="Figures 1–13. Microsculpture: 1) granulate; 2) isodiametric; 3) moderately transverse; 4) very transverse. Neck constriction, dorsolateral view: 5) deep; 6) shallow; 7) absent. Eye and buccal fissure, lateral view: 8) touching; 9) separated. Terminal segment of palpi: 10) obtuse apically; 11) truncate. Paraglossae: 12) pubescent; 13) glabrous." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5041815" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5041815/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Figure 5</figureCitation>
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(error for
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3D4876DC831284A5D13ACA" ID-CoL="325T3" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1886" box="[942,1194,655,679]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ctenognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DC831284A5D13ACA" box="[942,1194,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Ctenognathus pictonensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B9936D98F3D4876DFCD12A5A54A3B68" blockId="42.[224,1441,530,773]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3611F78F3D4876DFCD12A5A54A3B68" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">
|
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8710C88F3D4876DFCD12A5A3F43AAB" author="Broun T." box="[224,655,686,710]" page="386" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" year="1912">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3D4876DFCD12A5A3F43AAB" ID-CoL="8L2KW" authority="Broun, 1912: 386" authorityName="Broun" authorityPageNumber="386" authorityYear="1912" box="[224,655,686,710]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ctenognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simmondsi">
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||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DFCD12A5A0A13AAB" box="[224,474,686,710]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Ctenognathus simmondsi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B288F3D4876DECD12A4A3F43AAB" author="Broun T." box="[480,655,686,710]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" pagination="379 - 440" refId="ref54757" refString="Broun T. 1912. Descriptions of new genera and species of Coleoptera. [Part I]. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 44: 379 - 440." type="journal article" year="1912">Broun, 1912: 386</bibRefCitation>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D887B8F3D4876DDB512A5A3823AAB" box="[664,761,686,710]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: male (BMNH) labeled “Type (circular red-bordered label; typed) / 3169. (hand-written) / [WN] Mt. Quoin
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||
<quantity id="4CDE9B3C8F3D4876DDB712C5A3833A88" box="[666,760,717,742]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" unit="ft" value="1000.0">1000 feet</quantity>
|
||
. /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3D4876DC2312C6A5733A88" ID-CoL="8L2KW" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1912" box="[782,1032,717,741]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ctenognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simmondsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DC2312C6A5733A88" box="[782,1032,717,741]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Ctenognathus simmondsi</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(hand-written) / New Zeal. Broun. Coll. Brit. Mus. 1922–482 (white label with red horizontal line; typed).”
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DCB112E6A54A3B68" bold="true" box="[924,1073,749,773]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">New synonym</emphasis>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C65528F3D4876DFED1313A42F3E06" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9936D98F3D4876DFED1313A42F3E06" blockId="42.[191,1443,792,1644]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DFED1313A0293B5F" bold="true" box="[192,338,792,818]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body length 11.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CDE9B3C8F3D4876DD0B1313A3F63B5F" box="[550,653,792,818]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3599999999999999" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="13.6">13.6 mm</quantity>
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. Head and pronotum black; elytra and abdomen piceous black; antennae, palpi, and legs reddish. Microsculpture isodiametric on head, moderately transverse on pronotum, and isodiametric on elytra. Iridescence absent. Very shiny. Forebody narrow in comparison to elytra.
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||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DBD71356A43B3B1A" bold="true" box="[1274,1344,861,887]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Narrow. Mandibles moderately long and curved anteriorly. Labrum strongly transverse, moderately emarginate anteriorly. Eyes moderately convex; two setiferous punctures on inner side of each eye. Tempora not inflated. Neck constriction shallow dorsolaterally. Mentum: medial tooth moderately emarginate apically; two setae. Submentum with four setae. Palpi with terminal segment truncate apically.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DC6B13EDA2DB3C6D" bold="true" box="[838,928,998,1024]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Pronotum slightly convex, impunctate, obsoletely wrinkled across base, narrow, elongate, strongly cordate, widest before middle; apex strongly emarginate; anterolateral angles well developed, angulate; anterior bead complete; sides strongly rounded (with a slight angulation) and sinuate posteriorly; lateral beads complete; lateral depressions narrow anteriorly, wide posteriorly; a single setiferous puncture on each side (anteriorly); posterolateral angles very long, acute, projected laterally, obtuse at apex; laterobasal foveae moderately deep, rather narrow, prolonged forward; posterior bead complete; base subtruncate.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DEA314BFA0B13CA3" bold="true" box="[398,458,1204,1230]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
Very long. Metafemora with two posteroventral setae. Meso- and metatarsomeres 1–4 well developed, tricarinate dorsally, deeply bisulcate laterally. Metatarsomeres 4 moderately bilobed and asymmetrical apically. Metatarsomeres 5 glabrous ventrally.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DC1C14F2A2FB3D7E" bold="true" box="[817,896,1273,1299]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Elytra.</emphasis>
|
||
Slightly convex, not sloping down toward apex, subovate, widest about middle. Shoulders moderately rounded. Sides strongly rounded. Scutellar setiferous pore visible. Scutellar striole short, impunctate. Striae deep, impunctate. Intervals slightly convex; interval 3 with a single very deep, large (foveate) subapical setiferous puncture. Umbilicate series with 18–20 setiferous punctures. Subapical sinuations feeble. Apices obtusely rounded.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DC301589A2E33DF1" bold="true" box="[797,920,1410,1436]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Sterna IV–VI: both sexes with two long apical ambulatory setae. Sternum VII (last visible sternum): male with two long apical ambulatory setae; female with eight or nine long apical ambulatory setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DD8E15CCA2603D8C" bold="true" box="[675,795,1479,1505]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Aedeagus.</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A5C8F3D4876DC9515CCA56C3D8F" box="[952,1047,1479,1506]" captionStart="Figures 101–107" captionStartId="84.[192,279,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[252,1384,254,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-54@84.[191,1440,208,1841]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="Figures 101–107. Aedeagus, lateral. 101) Ctenognathus tepaki new species. 102) C. urewera new species. 103) C. cardiophorus. 104) C. adamsi. 105) C. pictonensis. 106) C. tawanui new species. 107) C. perumalae new species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5041881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5041881/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Fig. 105</figureCitation>
|
||
): strongly arcuate; base moderately convex dorsally, with basal lobe very wide; middle subparallel, moderately convex dorsally, strongly concave ventrally, with dorsal membranous area very wide and moderately long; apex strongly convex dorsally, slightly concave ventrally, with extreme tip narrow and moderately long. Dorsal view: moderately wide, asymmetrical (ostium of membranous area deflected to the left); basal bulb moderately distant from membranous area.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C65528F3D4876DFED1675A5B13EA8" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9936D98F3D4876DFED1675A5A43EF5" blockId="42.[192,1247,1662,1688]" box="[192,1247,1662,1688]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DFED1675A0D83EF5" bold="true" box="[192,419,1662,1688]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D20FD508F3D4876DE841675A3373EF5" box="[425,588,1662,1688]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" type="generic">989 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37AE1C8F3D4876DD771675A3CB3EF5" box="[602,688,1662,1688]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/76et-m1kt" name="Auckland Institute and Museum" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">AMNZ</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37AE1C8F3D4876DD961675A26A3EF5" box="[699,785,1662,1688]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37AE1C8F3D4876DC361675A2083EF5" box="[795,883,1662,1688]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">CMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37AE1C8F3D4876DC531675A2BF3EF5" box="[894,964,1662,1688]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">JNNZ</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37AE1C8F3D4876DCE31675A5623EF5" box="[974,1049,1662,1688]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/n5zm-bhpt" name="Lincoln University Entomology Research Museum" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">LUNZ</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37AE1C8F3D4876DB0E1675A5033EF5" box="[1059,1144,1662,1688]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/15kb-kde6" name="Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa - Entomology" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" type="Museum">MONZ</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37AE1C8F3D4876DBAE1675A5A83EF5" box="[1155,1235,1662,1688]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34070" name="New Zealand Arthropod Collection" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" type="Other institutional type">NZAC</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9936D98F3D4876DFED16A0A5B13EA8" blockId="42.[192,1226,1707,1733]" box="[192,1226,1707,1733]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DFED16A0A0A73EA8" bold="true" box="[192,476,1707,1733]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Geographic distribution</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131D2A5C8F3D4876DEC616A0A3323EA8" box="[491,585,1707,1733]" captionStart="Figures 142–147" captionStartId="91.[192,279,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[206,1426,213,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-46@91.[206,1426,213,1839]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="Figures 142–147. Species distribution maps. 142) Ctenognathus pictonensis. 143) C. sandageri. 144) C. takahe new species. 145) C. tawanui new species. 146) C. tepaki new species. 147) C. urewera new species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5041903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5041903/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Fig. 142</figureCitation>
|
||
). North Island: WA, WI, WN. South Island:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37AE1C8F3D4876DB1B16A0A51A3EA8" box="[1078,1121,1707,1733]" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">MB</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED37AE1C8F3D4876DB4116A0A5E33EA8" box="[1132,1176,1707,1733]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">NN</collectionCode>
|
||
, SD.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C65528F3D4877DFED16D3A533394C" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="42" pageNumber="41" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9936D98F3D4876DFED16D3A0863F5A" blockId="42.[191,1440,1752,1847]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DFED16D3A0583E9F" bold="true" box="[192,291,1752,1778]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
Lowland. Epigean. Wet forests (broadleaf, podocarp, beech) and tree plantations (pine). Associated with streams, rills, and seepages. Shaded ground; wet soil. Nocturnal; hides during the day under logs, fallen branches, or under stones. Gregarious.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9936D98F3D4876DFED1742A2773FEA" blockId="42.[192,1440,1865,1927]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3D4876DFED1742A05B3F0E" bold="true" box="[192,288,1865,1891]" pageId="42" pageNumber="41">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Seasonality: September–March. Tenerals: February–April. Predacious (based on mouthpart morphology). Regularly infested with fungi (Laboulbeniales).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9936D98F3C4877DFED10DEA592389D" blockId="43.[192,1257,213,241]" box="[192,1257,213,241]" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3C4877DFED10DEA0F8389D" bold="true" box="[192,387,213,240]" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">Dispersal power.</emphasis>
|
||
Subapterous (incapable of flight). Swift runner. Occasional climber (on trees).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9936D98F3C4877DFED110DA533394C" blockId="43.[192,1096,262,289]" box="[192,1096,262,289]" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3C4877DFED110DA0BD394D" bold="true" box="[192,454,262,288]" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">Collecting techniques.</emphasis>
|
||
Pitfall trapping; turning logs, fallen branches, and stones.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C65528F3C4877DFED113DA3B939FA" pageId="43" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9936D98F3C4877DFED113DA3B939FA" blockId="43.[192,1440,310,407]" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3C4877DFED113DA03E393D" bold="true" box="[192,325,310,336]" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">References.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B288F3C4877DE61113DA3A8393D" author="Larochelle A & Lariviere M-C." box="[332,723,310,337]" pageId="43" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 281" refId="ref55539" refString="Larochelle A, Lariviere M-C. 2001. Carabidae (Insecta: Coleoptera): catalogue. Fauna of New Zealand 43: 1 - 281." type="journal article" year="2001">Larochelle and Larivière 2001: 136</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3C4877DC2B113DA560393D" ID-CoL="325T3" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1886" box="[774,1051,310,336]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ctenognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3C4877DC2B113DA560393D" box="[774,1051,310,336]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">Ctenognathus pictonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3C4877DB07113CA5B9393D" ID-CoL="8L2KW" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1912" box="[1066,1218,310,337]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ctenognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simmondsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3C4877DB07113CA5B9393D" box="[1066,1218,310,337]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">C. simmondsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; catalogue; biology, dispersal power, ecology, geographic distribution, references), 2007: 111 (as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3C4877DB0E1151A5C1391E" ID-CoL="325T3" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1886" box="[1059,1210,346,372]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ctenognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3C4877DB0E1151A5C1391E" box="[1059,1210,346,372]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">C. pictonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3C4877DBE41151A41B391E" ID-CoL="8L2KW" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1912" box="[1225,1376,345,372]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ctenognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simmondsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3C4877DBE41151A41B391E" box="[1225,1376,345,372]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">C. simmondsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; list), 2016: 37 (as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3C4877DE671176A09A39FB" ID-CoL="325T3" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1886" box="[330,481,381,407]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ctenognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3C4877DE671176A09A39FB" box="[330,481,381,407]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">C. pictonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3C4877DEC31176A3FF39FB" ID-CoL="8L2KW" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1912" box="[494,644,380,407]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ctenognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simmondsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3C4877DEC31176A3FF39FB" box="[494,644,380,407]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">C. simmondsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; list).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33C65528F3C4877DFED11A6A57C3A63" pageId="43" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9936D98F3C4877DFED11A6A57C3A63" blockId="43.[192,1441,429,526]" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3C4877DFED11A6A05439AA" bold="true" box="[192,303,429,455]" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Sharp described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3C4877DED811A6A27639AA" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1886" box="[501,781,429,455]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ctenognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3C4877DED811A6A27639AA" box="[501,781,429,455]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">Ctenognathus pictonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from several specimens, one of which (a male; BMNH) is here designated as
|
||
<typeStatus id="549D887B8F3C4877DEBE11DBA0823987" box="[403,505,464,490]" pageId="43" pageNumber="42" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in order to preserve stability of nomenclature in the future. Examination of the type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3C4877DFF011F8A0893A60" authorityName="Broun" authorityYear="1912" box="[221,498,499,525]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ctenognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simmondsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3C4877DFF011F8A0893A60" box="[221,498,499,525]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">Ctenognathus simmondsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
revealed it to be conspecific with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C264D5A8F3C4877DC4711F8A57A3A60" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1886" box="[874,1025,499,525]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ctenognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictonensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B952EACB8F3C4877DC4711F8A57A3A60" box="[874,1025,499,525]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="42">C. pictonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |