treatments-xml/data/03/8F/87/038F87BA2543FFF5FF49FD2D1EE7FE83.xml

<document id="35DCD273D5C435F6554B250528488BE2" ID-CLB-Dataset="21479" ID-DOI="10.3161/1733-5329(2006)8[39:ansobo]2.0.co;2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3ab120b5-5595-44d2-b3cd-349601ab662a" ID-ISSN="1733-5329" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3945012" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1594742377068" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Guillén-Servent, Antonio &amp; Francis, Charles M." docDate="2006" docId="038F87BA2543FFF5FF49FD2D1EE7FE83" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaChiropterologica.8.1.39-61.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Acta Chiropterologica 8 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D17EC282BABB8B0847763DCC9F0C3514.3:ActaChiropterol.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="D17EC282BABB8B0847763DCC9F0C3514" docStyleName="ActaChiropterol.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Hipposideros khaokhouayensis Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis 2006, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="FFB6FFC22545FFE5FFD3FF8B1D7DFFC6" masterDocTitle="A new species of bat of the Hipposideros bicolor group (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from Central Laos, with evidence of convergent evolution with Sundaic taxa" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1698843690973" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="E7589C8F1E90BA3B7EC5E85C724846D0">A new species of bat of the Hipposideros bicolor group (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae) from Central Laos, with evidence of convergent evolution with Sundaic taxa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7FD8B0B92374DB78661D36591289700E">Guillén-Servent, Antonio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="89E958DC7DBF0D318F4908F0205BADD2">Instituto de Ecología, A. C., Km 2.5 Antigua Carretera a Coatepec # 351, Congregación El Haya Xalapa 91070, Veracruz, México; E-mail: servent @ ecologia. edu. mx</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8F5E3BBA0DDBBA4A4C2E2DB2985F9FA2">Francis, Charles M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DDA8CA8D6A1B9AFAF9DF6D87DD18E5C4">Migratory Bird Population Division, National Wildlife Research Centre, Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, Ontario K 1 A 0 H 3, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="C21C417C5CBB5EC13B83D2B18ED45DC7">Acta Chiropterologica</mods:title>
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<treatment id="038F87BA2543FFF5FF49FD2D1EE7FE83" ID-GBIF-Taxon="165089368" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87BA2543FFF5FF49FD2D1EE7FE83" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F87BA2543FFF5FF49FD2D1EE7FE83" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
<subSubSection id="C33C65272543FFE3FF49FD2D1F16FD07" box="[154,619,678,705]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2543FFE3FF49FD2D1F16FD07" blockId="6.[154,619,678,739]" box="[154,619,678,705]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2543FFE3FF49FD2D1F7AFD06" ID-CoL="6LWLW" authority="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis, 2006" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[154,519,678,704]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2543FFE3FF49FD2D1F7AFD06" box="[154,519,678,704]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">Hipposideros khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8B9936AC2543FFE3FEC1FD431C86FD24" blockId="6.[154,619,678,739]" box="[274,507,712,739]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
(
<figureCitation id="131D2A292543FFE3FEC8FD431CF0FD25" box="[283,397,712,739]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="FIG" captionStartId-0="7.[130,143,923,944]" captionStartId-1="7.[686,699,1679,1700]" captionStartId-2="9.[130,165,1653,1675]" captionStartId-3="10.[130,143,1567,1588]" captionTargetBox-0="[127,645,161,898]" captionTargetBox-1="[721,1163,1137,1656]" captionTargetBox-2="[195,1133,162,1631]" captionTargetBox-3="[260,1074,754,1545]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[127,646,160,898]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[721,1163,1137,1657]" captionTargetId-2="figure@9.[195,1133,162,1631]" captionTargetId-3="figure@10.[149,1172,742,1549]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionTargetPageId-3="10" captionText-0="FIG. 2. Face and noseleaf of H. khaokhouayensis alive, in frontal view. The specimen is one of the paratypes (IEX-M0106), and was collected with a harp trap by AGS on 11 May 1998, in the understory of a fragment of evergreen forest near Ban Nampe, about 11 km NE of Vang Vieng, Vang Vieng District, Vientiane Province, Central Lao PDR" captionText-1="FIG. 3. Frontal view of the noseleaf of one of the paratypes of H. khaokhouayensis alive (IEX-M0106)" captionText-2="Fig. 4. View of skull of the holotype of H. khaokhouayensis (ROM 116790, Field No. CMF980203-29). A — dorsal view, B — ventral view, C — dorsal view of mandible, D — lateral view of skull with mandible. White scales are 10 mm long with tick marks spaced 1 mm" captionText-3="FIG. 5. Schematic drawing of rostral chambers in dorsal view, mouth above. Dotted areas correspond to dense bone and bone walls, while white areas indicate cavities. A — H. khaokhouayensis ROM 116793; B — H. rotalis IEX-M0095, ♀; C — H. orbiculus SMF 57092; D — H. ridleyi SMF 69291. a) Anterior rostral chamber, b) Postero-lateral rostral chamber, c) and c’) postero-median rostral chamber. Notice that in A and B the posterior chambers are not separated by the intermediate wall, and that in D, the posterior median chamber is split in two, c and c’" figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945016" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945018" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945020" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945022" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3945016/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3945018/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3945020/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3945022/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">Figs. 2–5</figureCitation>
, 
<tableCitation id="C6A403172543FFE3FE4AFD431C92FD24" box="[409,495,712,738]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="12.[86,99,413,440]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="TABLE 1. Selected external and cranial measurements (in mm), and frequency of the constant segment of the echolocation calls (CF, in kHz), of the putative sibling species considered in the study. Last column indicates the significance of a two-tailed t-test to test for differences between means of samples for H. rotalis and H. khaokhouayensis. P-level: ns — P&gt; 0.05; * — 0.05 ≥ P&gt; 0.01; ** — 0.01 ≥ P&gt; 0.001; *** — P ≤ 0.001" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5966242549FFE9FF85FE1619FBFE37" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" tableUuid="DF5966242549FFE9FF85FE1619FBFE37">Table 1</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C65272543FFE3FF51FC861F22FA8C" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2543FFE3FF51FC861D82FCE1" blockId="6.[130,643,781,1354]" box="[130,255,781,807]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2543FFE3FF51FC861D82FCE1" box="[130,255,781,807]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2543FFE3FF7FFCA41F22FA8C" blockId="6.[130,643,781,1354]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">The name is derived from the Phou Khao Khouay NBCA where the type series was collected. This name was selected to bring attention to the potential importance ofthe National Biodiversity Conservation Areas network for preserving natural areas in Lao PDR, as they contain highly distinc- tive ecosystems, hosting many endemic species such as this one. Unfortunately, even within the NBCA, habitats are at risk: at the time of publication of this paper, the locations where the species was captured within Phou Khao Khouay NBCA were be- ing affected by deforestation, road work and building associated with the develop- ment of the large Tak Leuk dam project.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C65272543FFE3FF51FAFF1C91F9FC" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2543FFE3FF51FAFF1D93FA48" blockId="6.[130,643,1396,1594]" box="[130,238,1396,1422]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2543FFE3FF51FAFF1D93FA48" box="[130,238,1396,1422]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
<typeStatus id="549D880E2543FFE3FF51FAFF1D93FA48" box="[130,238,1396,1422]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2543FFE3FF7FFA1D1C91F9FC" blockId="6.[130,643,1396,1594]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CF12543FFE3FF7FFA1D1C91F9FC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2813290301" collectingDate="1998-02-03" collectionCode="ROM" collectorName="Charles M. Francis" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
Royal Ontario Museum, 
<collectionCode id="ED37AE692543FFE3FE0EFA1D1F5DFA76" box="[477,544,1430,1456]" collectionName="Canada Entomology Department, Royal Ontario Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">ROM</collectionCode>
116790 (Field No. CMF980203-29), 
<specimenCount id="9D20FD252543FFE3FE0FFA331F4AFA15" box="[476,567,1462,1491]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" type="adult">adult ♀</specimenCount>
, body in ethanol, skull extracted, collected by 
<collectorName id="26D3537A2543FFE3FF51FA761C1EF9D1" box="[130,355,1533,1559]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">Charles M. Francis</collectorName>
(CMF) on 
<date id="FF98106C2543FFE3FE39FA761DC0F9FF" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" value="1998-02-03">
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9842543FFE3FE39FA761DC0F9FF" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" value="1998-02-03">3rd February 1998</collectingDate>
</date>
as part of a WCS survey.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C65272543FFE3FF51F9EF1914FEC4" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2543FFE3FF51F9EF1C64F9BB" blockId="6.[130,643,1635,1730]" box="[130,281,1635,1661]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2543FFE3FF51F9EF1C64F9BB" box="[130,281,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
<typeStatus id="549D880E2543FFE3FF51F9EF1DC4F9BB" box="[130,185,1636,1661]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2543FFE3FF7FF90D1FFFF904" blockId="6.[130,643,1635,1730]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
<collectingRegion id="49E2F84E2543FFE3FF7FF90D1DA5F966" box="[172,216,1670,1696]" country="Thailand" name="Tak" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">Tak</collectingRegion>
Leuk waterfall, along Nam (riv- er) Leuk, in Phou Khao Khouay National
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2543FFE3FD7DFF281914FEC4" blockId="6.[686,1198,163,259]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
Biodiversity Conservation Area, Saisombun Special Zone, Central Lao PDR, 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE12506B2543FFE3FCF1FF631EEBFEC4" box="[802,918,232,258]" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="103.066666">103°04’E</geoCoordinate>
, 
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elevation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="B952EABE2543FFE3FD7DFEA61E58FE80" box="[686,805,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
<typeStatus id="549D880E2543FFE3FD7DFEA61E58FE80" box="[686,805,301,326]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2543FFE3FD04FEC41F82FDD2" blockId="6.[686,1199,301,1457]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
ROM 116791 (Field No. CMF 980203- 26), adult ♂; ROM 
<date id="FF98106C2543FFE3FC11FEFA1964FE4D" box="[962,1049,369,395]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" value="71-11-06">110671</date>
(Field No. CMF 980203-27), adult ♂; both bodies in ethanol, skulls extracted, collected by CMF on same date and locality as the holotype.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2543FFE3FD04FD971E8DFBF1" blockId="6.[686,1199,301,1457]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
Estación Biológica de Do 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2543FFE3FBDFFD901966FDF1" bold="true" box="[1036,1051,539,567]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">ñ</emphasis>
ana, Sevilla, 
<collectingCountry id="F331763C2543FFE3FD7DFDB51F89FD9E" box="[686,756,574,600]" name="Spain" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">Spain</collectingCountry>
(EBD) 23514 (Field No. AGS 970604-01), adult 
<specimenCount id="9D20FD252543FFE3FC5BFDD51EDDFDBD" box="[904,928,606,635]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
, body in ethanol, skull extracted, collected by Antonio Guillén- Servent (AGS) on 4th of 
<date id="FF98106C2543FFE3FC3CFD2D1913FD79" box="[1007,1134,677,704]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" value="1997-06">June 1997</date>
, at a logging road in Dan Phorkeng area near Dam on Nam (river) Leuk, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE12506B2543FFE3FBEEFD6219D4FCC5" box="[1085,1193,745,771]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="18.433332">18°26’N</geoCoordinate>
, 
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, 
<quantity id="4CDE9B492543FFE3FCE6FC871EF5FCE0" box="[821,904,780,806]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
elevation; EBD 23518 (Field No. AGS 970605-12), adult 
<specimenCount id="9D20FD252543FFE3FB9FFCA71919FC8F" box="[1100,1124,812,841]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
, body in ethanol, skull extracted, collected by AGS on 5th of 
<date id="FF98106C2543FFE3FCB7FCF81EA0FC4A" box="[868,989,882,909]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" value="1997-06">
June 
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</date>
in a place named Danpapor, located near Ban (village) Hoileuk, 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE12506B2543FFE3FC42FC3C1979FC14" box="[913,1028,951,978]" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="102.98333">102°59’E</geoCoordinate>
, 
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eleva- tion. Both localities are within the Phou Khao Khouay NBCA, near the site where the 
<typeStatus id="549D880E2543FFE3FD0AFB961E3DFBF1" box="[729,832,1053,1079]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was collected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2543FFE3FD04FBCB1E09FA76" blockId="6.[686,1199,301,1457]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
Instituto de Ecología, A. C., Xalapa, 
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, 
<collectingCountry id="F331763C2543FFE3FCE0FBE91EF2FBBA" box="[819,911,1122,1148]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">México</collectingCountry>
(IEX) M0106, ROM 116792, IEX-M0107, ROM 116793 (Field Nos. AGS 980511-03, 980511-13, 980511- 14, 980511-15), 2 ♂♂ and 
<specimenCount id="9D20FD252543FFE3FC38FB42194DFB25" box="[1003,1072,1222,1251]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
adult bats, respectively, bodies in ethanol, skulls ex- tracted, collected by AGS on 
<date id="FF98106C2543FFE3FBDCFA8619D3FAE1" box="[1039,1198,1293,1320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" value="1998-05-11">11 May 1998</date>
near Ban Nampe, about 
<quantity id="4CDE9B492543FFE3FC1CFAA41964FA8F" box="[975,1049,1327,1353]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
NE of Vang Vieng, Vang Vieng District, Vientiane Prov- ince, 
<collectingCounty id="62F84E202543FFE3FD3FFAFF1E0AFA48" box="[748,887,1396,1422]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">Central Lao</collectingCounty>
PDR, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE12506B2543FFE3FC10FAFF1957FA49" box="[963,1066,1396,1423]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="18.916666">18°55’N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE12506B2543FFE3FBE5FAFF19D7FA49" box="[1078,1194,1396,1423]" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="102.416664">102°25’E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CDE9B492543FFE3FD7DFA1D1F84FA77" box="[686,761,1430,1457]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="240.0">
<elevation id="000BD19F2543FFE3FD7DFA1D1F84FA77" box="[686,761,1430,1457]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="240.0">240 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elevation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C65272543FFEDFD7DFA501F7BFF27" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2543FFE3FD7DFA501E25FA32" blockId="6.[686,1199,1499,1731]" box="[686,856,1499,1524]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
<collectorName id="26D3537A2543FFE3FD7DFA501E25FA32" box="[686,856,1499,1524]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2543FFE3FD7DFA501E25FA32" box="[686,856,1499,1524]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">Measurements</emphasis>
</collectorName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2543FFE3FD04FA7619D3F905" blockId="6.[686,1199,1499,1731]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">
<collectorName id="26D3537A2543FFE3FD04FA761E70F9D1" box="[727,781,1533,1559]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">First</collectorName>
number after variable name corre- sponds to the 
<typeStatus id="549D880E2543FFE3FCB0F9941EB3F9FF" box="[867,974,1567,1593]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. 
<collectorName id="26D3537A2543FFE3FC0CF994192AF9FF" box="[991,1111,1567,1593]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">Minimum</collectorName>
, maximum (separated by a dash), and mean of the 
<typeStatus id="549D880E2543FFE3FD0AF9EF1E71F9B8" box="[729,780,1636,1662]" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">type</typeStatus>
series are indicated between paren- theses (sample size is always eight except when stated otherwise as 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2543FFE3FC32F9221E8DF904" box="[993,1008,1705,1730]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="44">n</emphasis>
= sample size).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5966242542FFE2FF51FC101F1EFB9C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945016" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3945016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3945016/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="45" startId="7.[130,143,923,944]" targetBox="[127,645,161,898]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2542FFE2FF51FC101F1EFB9C" blockId="7.[130,643,923,1114]" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">
FIG. 2. Face and noseleaf of 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2542FFE2FE69FC171FFFFC76" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[442,642,923,945]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2542FFE2FE69FC171FFFFC76" box="[442,642,923,945]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">H. khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
alive, in frontal view. The specimen is one of the 
<typeStatus id="549D880E2542FFE2FF51FC5F1DA2FC2F" box="[130,223,980,1001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="45" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(IEX-M0106), and was collected with a harp trap by AGS on 
<date id="FF98106C2542FFE2FE49FC7B1F52FBC3" box="[410,559,1008,1029]" pageId="7" pageNumber="45" value="1998-05-11">11 May 1998</date>
, in the understory of a fragment of evergreen forest near Ban 
<collectingCounty id="62F84E202542FFE2FF51FBA21D90FB9C" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">
Nampe, about 
<locationDeviation id="9A2B2F8E2542FFE2FEC3FBA31CB8FBF8" box="[272,453,1064,1086]" location="Province of Vang" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">
<quantity id="4CDE9B492542FFE2FEC3FBA31C30FBF8" box="[272,333,1064,1086]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="45" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
NE of Vang
</locationDeviation>
Vieng, Vang 
<collectorName id="26D3537A2542FFE2FD9AFBA31FFFFBF8" box="[585,642,1064,1086]" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">Vieng</collectorName>
District
</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49E2F84E2542FFE2FF25FBCF1C2FFB9C" box="[246,338,1092,1114]" country="Laos" name="Viangchan" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">Vientiane</collectingRegion>
Province, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFDACD62542FFE2FE68FBCF1F1EFB9C" box="[443,611,1092,1114]" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">
Central 
<location id="8EF960772542FFE2FDDBFBCE1F1EFB9C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87BA2543FFF5FF49FD2D1EE7FE83:8EF960772542FFE2FDDBFBCE1F1EFB9C" box="[520,611,1093,1114]" county="Nampe District" municipality="Central Vieng" name="Lao Vang" pageId="7" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="Viangchan">Lao PDR</location>
</collectingMunicipality>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2542FFE2FF51FB071F1BFB0F" blockId="7.[130,643,1164,1729]" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">
All measurements (see also 
<tableCitation id="C6A403172542FFE2FE1AFB071F60FB61" box="[457,541,1164,1191]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="12.[86,99,413,440]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="TABLE 1. Selected external and cranial measurements (in mm), and frequency of the constant segment of the echolocation calls (CF, in kHz), of the putative sibling species considered in the study. Last column indicates the significance of a two-tailed t-test to test for differences between means of samples for H. rotalis and H. khaokhouayensis. P-level: ns — P&gt; 0.05; * — 0.05 ≥ P&gt; 0.01; ** — 0.01 ≥ P&gt; 0.001; *** — P ≤ 0.001" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5966242549FFE9FF85FE1619FBFE37" pageId="7" pageNumber="45" tableUuid="DF5966242549FFE9FF85FE1619FBFE37">Table 1</tableCitation>
) in mm, except body masses, which are in grams.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2542FFE2FF7FFB5B1F30F9DE" blockId="7.[130,643,1164,1729]" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">
Body. Head and body 49.26 (44.13– 49.98, 47.16); tail 35.05 (34.95–37.51, 36.22); hindfoot 7.45 (7.10–8.27, 7.68); ear 25.24 (24.36–25.24, 24.79); forearm 47.02 (45.54–48.55, 47.12); metacarpal III 34.65 (32.21–34.65, 33.79); metacarpal IV 35.61 (35.05–36.03, 35.44); metacarpal V 33.57 (32.87–34.90, 33.92); tibia 20.16 (20.16– 22.07, 20.94); calcar 12.24 (11.35–12.24, 11.83); body mass 
<quantity id="4CDE9B492542FFE2FEB1FA751CE3F9DF" box="[354,414,1534,1561]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="45" unit="g" value="8.8">8.8 g</quantity>
(7.7–9.6, 8.7).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2542FFE2FF7FF9AB19D3FB8F" blockId="7.[130,643,1164,1729]" lastBlockId="7.[686,1199,163,1104]" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">
Width of noseleaves. Posterior 7.26 (6.37–7.86, 6.95); intermediate 5.33 (4.90– 5.44, 5.17); horseshoe 6.36 (5.23–6.72, 6.22); internarial septum 1.69 (1.5–1.81, 1.65). Skull. Greatest length (to incisors) 19.66 (19.18–20.04, 19.65); ibid. to C 
<superScript id="7C539BE42542FFE2FB50FF4B19F0FF15" attach="left" box="[1155,1165,192,211]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">1</superScript>
at crown 19.26 (18.89–19.81, 19.30); ibid. to C 
<superScript id="7C539BE42542FFE2FD12FE8F1FB6FED1" attach="left" box="[705,715,260,279]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">1</superScript>
at alveola 18.28 (18.01–18.57, 18.23); condylobasal length (to incisors) 17.71 (17.05–18.27, 17.68); condylocanine length (to front of canine) 17.05 (16.02–17.56, 17.03); ibid. to alveola of canine 16.28 (15.95–16.75, 16.31); mastoid width 10.04 (9.86–10.37, 10.06); breadth of braincase 9.97 (9.84–10.41, 10.09); zygomatic width 9.85 (9.42 – 9.93, 9.67); width across ante- orbital foramen 5.23 (5.01–5.55, 5.21); width across rostral inflations 5.55 (5.21–5.57, 5.43); C 
<superScript id="7C539BE42542FFE2FC6DFDFE1EB5FD4E" attach="left" box="[958,968,629,648]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">1</superScript>
–C 
<superScript id="7C539BE42542FFE2FC3FFDFE1E8BFD4E" attach="left" box="[1004,1014,629,648]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">1</superScript>
breadth 4.05 (3.95–4.31, 4.11); M 
<superScript id="7C539BE42542FFE2FC6EFD1C1EBAFD6C" attach="right" box="[957,967,663,682]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">3</superScript>
–M 
<superScript id="7C539BE42542FFE2FC23FD1C1E87FD6C" attach="left" box="[1008,1018,663,682]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">3</superScript>
breadth 6.47 (6.12–6.47, 6.27); C–M 
<superScript id="7C539BE42542FFE2FC05FD331E9DFD0D" attach="left" box="[982,992,696,715]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">3</superScript>
at crowns 6.74 (6.41–6.74, 6.62); ibid. C–M 
<superScript id="7C539BE42542FFE2FBCEFD51195AFD2B" attach="left" box="[1053,1063,730,749]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">3</superScript>
at alveoli 6.13 (5.59–6.13, 5.92); interorbital con- striction 2.89 (2.73–3.03, 2.86); bulla length 3.44 (3.32–3.62, 3.41); basioccipital width between cochleae 1.33 (1.33–1.51, 1.41); width of the nasal channel frontal opening 2.57 (2.33–2.57, 2.47); palatal length 2.56 (2.39–2.86, 2.65); mandible length from condylus 11.82 (11.63–12.24, 11.87); ibid. from angular process 11.49 (11.27–11.85, 11.54, 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2542FFE2FC75FBBB1EC8FB8F" box="[934,949,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">n</emphasis>
= 7); C–M 
<subScript id="17A234E92542FFE2FBE4FBB6193CFB96" attach="left" box="[1079,1089,1085,1104]" fontSize="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">3</subScript>
length at
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5966242542FFE2FD7DF90419D0F907" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945018" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3945018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3945018/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="45" startId="7.[686,699,1679,1700]" targetBox="[721,1163,1137,1656]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2542FFE2FD7DF90419D0F907" blockId="7.[686,1198,1679,1729]" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">
FIG. 3. Frontal view of the noseleaf of one of the 
<typeStatus id="549D880E2542FFE2FD7DF9271E77F907" box="[686,778,1708,1729]" pageId="7" pageNumber="45" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2542FFE2FCF8F9271E90F906" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[811,1005,1707,1729]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2542FFE2FCF8F9271E90F906" box="[811,1005,1707,1729]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="45">H. khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
alive (IEX-M0106)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254DFFEDFF51FF2F1F7BFF27" blockId="8.[130,645,163,225]" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">
crowns 7.19 (6.76–7.25, 7.08); C–M 
<subScript id="17A234E9254DFFEDFDF8FF391F48FF03" attach="left" box="[555,565,178,197]" fontSize="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">3</subScript>
length at alveoli 7.10 (6.67–7.20, 6.95).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6527254DFFEDFF51FE801C72FC35" pageId="8" pageNumber="46" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254DFFEDFF51FE801D84FEE2" blockId="8.[130,646,267,1011]" box="[130,249,267,292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254DFFEDFF51FE801D84FEE2" box="[130,249,267,292]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254DFFEDFF7FFEA61C72FC35" blockId="8.[130,646,267,1011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">
Abat in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254DFFEDFE9BFEA61CB9FE80" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[328,452,300,326]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254DFFEDFE9BFEA61CB9FE80" box="[328,452,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">H. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgroup (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B5D254DFFEDFD9CFEA71DC3FEAC" author="HILL, J. E." pageId="8" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref12849" refString="HILL, J. E. 1963. A revision of the genus Hipposi- deros. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), 11: 1 - 129." type="book chapter" year="1963">Hill, 1963</bibRefCitation>
) similar in size and general aspect to the sympatric 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254DFFEDFEEAFEF91CCCFE4D" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[313,433,369,395]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254DFFEDFEEAFEF91CCCFE4D" box="[313,433,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, also with large ears, but differing in smaller and narrower noseleaf without supplementary leaflets; smaller, oval internarial disc only moderate- ly developed; smaller rostral inflations on skull (
<figureCitation id="131D2A29254DFFEDFF1FFD971C6EFDF0" box="[204,275,540,566]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[686,699,1679,1700]" captionTargetBox="[721,1163,1137,1656]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[721,1163,1137,1657]" captionText="FIG. 3. Frontal view of the noseleaf of one of the paratypes of H. khaokhouayensis alive (IEX-M0106)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3945018/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
); and higher frequency echolo- cation calls (constant frequency component 87–91 kHz). Externally similar to 
<emphasis id="B952EABE254DFFEDFDF7FDEA1DBDFD5B" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">H. orbi- culus</emphasis>
from southern Peninsular 
<collectingCountry id="F331763C254DFFEDFDC9FD081FFBFD5B" box="[538,646,643,669]" name="Malaysia" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
and Sumatra, but differing in shorter tail; rostral chambers with different configura- tion and much less bone density and less walls; zygomatic arch with dorsal process very low and inconspicuous; bullae larger and bassioccipital much narrower between cochleae; second lower incisors with cin- gulid heel; upper canines without posterior cingulid cusp; and higher frequency echolo- cation calls.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6527254DFFEFFF51FB951DC2FE6F" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="8" pageNumber="46" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254DFFEDFF51FB951CBFFBFE" blockId="8.[130,646,1053,1730]" box="[130,450,1053,1080]" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254DFFEDFF51FB951C70FBF1" box="[130,269,1054,1079]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">Description</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="131D2A29254DFFEDFECEFB961C12FBFE" box="[285,367,1053,1080]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[130,143,923,944]" captionTargetBox="[127,645,161,898]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[127,646,160,898]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 2. Face and noseleaf of H. khaokhouayensis alive, in frontal view. The specimen is one of the paratypes (IEX-M0106), and was collected with a harp trap by AGS on 11 May 1998, in the understory of a fragment of evergreen forest near Ban Nampe, about 11 km NE of Vang Vieng, Vang Vieng District, Vientiane Province, Central Lao PDR" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3945016/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="131D2A29254DFFEDFE7AFB951CC5FBFE" box="[425,440,1054,1080]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[686,699,1679,1700]" captionTargetBox="[721,1163,1137,1656]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[721,1163,1137,1657]" captionText="FIG. 3. Frontal view of the noseleaf of one of the paratypes of H. khaokhouayensis alive (IEX-M0106)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3945018/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254DFFEDFF7FFBCB1FF8F904" blockId="8.[130,646,1053,1730]" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">
This is a moderate-sized 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254DFFEDFE3BFBCB1FF8FB9C" box="[488,645,1088,1114]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254DFFEDFE3BFBCB1FF8FB9C" box="[488,645,1088,1114]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">Hipposideros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ofthe 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254DFFEDFF0DFBE81C22FBBA" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[222,351,1122,1148]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254DFFEDFF0DFBE81C22FBBA" box="[222,351,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">H. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgroup (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B5D254DFFEDFE20FBE91F05FBBB" author="Hill" box="[499,632,1122,1149]" firstAuthor="Hill" pageId="8" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref14325" refString="HILL, J. E. 1963. A revision of the genus Hipposi- 1381 - 1386. deros. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural KITCHENER, D. J., and I. MARYANTO. 1993. Taxonomic History), 11: 1 - 129. reappraisal of the Hipposideros larvatus spe-" type="journal article" year="1963">Hill, 1963</bibRefCitation>
). Dorsal pelage is long and brown, with hair light brown to the tips, dark brown on the distal third of their length, and white on the basal two-thirds. Ventral pelage is pale with a brownish tinge, with hair very light brown to the tip and white to the base. Pelage is lighter on the front between the ears than on the back, and dark around the eyes. Aband of dark pelage runs down along the sides of the neck, fading progressively to the front. Ears brown in color, enlarged, long and broad, with tips bluntly pointed. Awell de- fined internal fold runs next and parallel to the inner border of the ear. A dense line of hair runs parallel to this fold on its outer side, and another one next to the inner bor- der of the ear. Noseleaf well developed, but
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254DFFEDFD78FF2F1945FCAC" blockId="8.[683,1199,164,1730]" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">relatively simple in structure. No supplementary leaflets beneath horseshoe, but there is a longitudinal swelling behind and parallel to its outer margin, which may rep- resent an incipient leaflet. The anterior leaf has a narrow median emargination on its frontal margin. The internarial septum is expanded into a small oval disc between the nostrils. There are two pairs of papillae, with a single vibrissa each, on the intermediate leaf. Posterior leaf supported with three septa that define four pouches extending frontally to the upper margin of the in- termediate leaf, which are partially covered by the high upper margin of the posterior leaf. The bats have a conspicuous frontal glandular sac containing a tuft of hairs shorter, stiffer, and darker than surrounding fur. This sac is a little less developed in females. Tail moderately long, with tip not protruding from the uropatagium.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254DFFEDFD07FCF919D3F904" blockId="8.[683,1199,164,1730]" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">
Skull (
<figureCitation id="131D2A29254DFFEDFCF1FCF91E16FC4B" box="[802,875,882,909]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[130,165,1653,1675]" captionTargetBox="[195,1133,162,1631]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[195,1133,162,1631]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 4. View of skull of the holotype of H. khaokhouayensis (ROM 116790, Field No. CMF980203-29). A — dorsal view, B — ventral view, C — dorsal view of mandible, D — lateral view of skull with mandible. White scales are 10 mm long with tick marks spaced 1 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945020" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3945020/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
): Anteorbital foramen large and elongated, with bone bridge from lateral rostral inflations to zygomatic arch very thin. Rostral inflations developed, but much less than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254DFFEDFC8BFC771EAEFBD3" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[856,979,1019,1045]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254DFFEDFC8BFC771EAEFBD3" box="[856,979,1019,1045]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Anterior rostral chamber extends laterally down to lower margin of anteorbital foramen. Posterior median rostral chamber approximately square in shape and the same length as the anterior rostral chamber along the sagital suture. Postero-lateral rostral chamber much enlarged, up to twice that of the pos- terior median chamber, and projecting down into the lachrymal region above the anterior orbita, leaving a much reduced lachrymal chamber, about one fifth the size of the postero-lateral one (
<figureCitation id="131D2A29254DFFEDFCA9FA1D1EAFFA77" box="[890,978,1430,1457]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[130,143,1567,1588]" captionTargetBox="[260,1074,754,1545]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[149,1172,742,1549]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 5. Schematic drawing of rostral chambers in dorsal view, mouth above. Dotted areas correspond to dense bone and bone walls, while white areas indicate cavities. A — H. khaokhouayensis ROM 116793; B — H. rotalis IEX-M0095, ♀; C — H. orbiculus SMF 57092; D — H. ridleyi SMF 69291. a) Anterior rostral chamber, b) Postero-lateral rostral chamber, c) and c’) postero-median rostral chamber. Notice that in A and B the posterior chambers are not separated by the intermediate wall, and that in D, the posterior median chamber is split in two, c and c’" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945022" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3945022/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="131D2A29254DFFEDFBCBFA1D1954FA77" box="[1048,1065,1430,1457]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[130,143,1627,1648]" captionTargetBox="[247,1087,877,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[192,1160,890,1614]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 6. Schematic drawing of rostral chambers in lateral view, mouth to the left. Conventions as in Fig. 3. A — H. khaokhouayensis ROM 116793; B — H. rotalis IEX-M0095, ♀; C — H. orbiculus Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Mein, Germany (SMF) 57092; D — H. ridleyi SMF 69291. a) Anterior rostral chamber, b) Postero-lateral rostral chamber, c) Postero-median rostral chamber, d) Posterior lacrymal chamber" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945025" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3945025/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="46">6</figureCitation>
). Foramen present in the sagital line between the pos- terior median chambers, just at their middle length. Postero-lateral eminences not bulging in the lachrymal region or postero-laterally, which results in a relatively shallow constriction of the interorbital region compared with the three similar species. Low sagital crest originating from back side of
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF596624254CFFECFF51F9FE1EEBF905" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945020" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3945020" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3945020/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" startId="9.[130,165,1653,1675]" targetBox="[195,1133,162,1631]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254CFFECFF51F9FE1EEBF905" blockId="9.[130,1198,1653,1732]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">
Fig. 4. View of skull of the 
<typeStatus id="549D880E254CFFECFE40F9FE1C9AF94D" box="[403,487,1653,1675]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254CFFECFDDAF9FD1FB1F94C" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[521,716,1653,1675]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254CFFECFDDAF9FD1FB1F94C" box="[521,716,1653,1675]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="47">H. khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ROM 116790, Field No. CMF980203-29). A — dorsal view, B — ventral view, C — dorsal view of mandible, D — lateral view of skull with mandible. White scales are 
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long with tick marks spaced 
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</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254FFFEFFF51FF281DC2FE6F" blockId="10.[130,643,163,425]" pageId="10" pageNumber="48">
eminences. Zygomatic arch thin, with dor- sal process very low and inconspicuous. Bullae relatively long and bassioccipital narrow between cochleae. Upper incisors weakly tricuspid; I 
<subScript id="17A234E9254FFFEFFEBEFEB31C0AFE8D" attach="left" box="[365,375,312,331]" fontSize="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="48">2</subScript>
with well developed lingual cingulid forming a slightly excavat- ed heel; C 
<superScript id="7C539BE4254FFFEFFEC2FEE21C66FEBA" attach="left" box="[273,283,361,380]" fontSize="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="48">1</superScript>
without posterior cingulum cusp.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6527254FFFEFFF51FE591F88FD70" pageId="10" pageNumber="48" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254FFFEFFF51FE591C63FE2A" blockId="10.[130,643,466,694]" box="[130,286,466,492]" pageId="10" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254FFFEFFF51FE591C63FE2A" box="[130,286,466,492]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="48">Echolocation</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254FFFEFFF7FFE7F1FFFFD70" blockId="10.[130,643,466,694]" pageId="10" pageNumber="48">
Stationary bats broadcast pulses with the typical structure described for the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254FFFEFFF51FDBC1C62FD97" box="[130,287,567,593]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254FFFEFFF51FDBC1C62FD97" box="[130,287,567,593]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="48">Hipposideros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, consisting of an initial CF segment 3–5 ms long, followed by a very short and steep linearly frequency modulat- ed sweep that falls to a frequency around
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254FFFEFFD7DFF2F1F88FD70" blockId="10.[686,1199,163,694]" pageId="10" pageNumber="48">
70 kHz. Almost all energy was concentrated in the second harmonic, but in some recordings a weak fundamental at half the frequency, and third and fourth harmonics were observed. CF broadcast by each bat was almost invariable, and the few varia- tions probably due to Doppler shift adjustments to the movement of the bat or sur- rounding objects. Modal CF (in kHz) for the bats recorded were: EBD 23514: 91.1; EBD 23518: 90.0; ROM 116791: 87.2; ROM 
<date id="FF98106C254FFFEFFD2DFD9E1E24FDE9" box="[766,857,533,559]" pageId="10" pageNumber="48" value="71-11-06">110671</date>
: 87.2; ROM 116790: 88.6; INECOL M0001: 87.5; 
<emphasis id="B952EABE254FFFEFFC0BFDBD1E97FD94" bold="true" box="[984,1002,566,594]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="48">x</emphasis>
= 88.6. There does not appear to be sexual dimorphism in call frequencies, although the sample is small.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF596624254FFFEFFF51F9941E7AF907" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945022" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3945022" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3945022/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="48" startId="10.[130,143,1567,1588]" targetBox="[260,1074,754,1545]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254FFFEFFF51F9941E7AF907" blockId="10.[130,1199,1567,1730]" pageId="10" pageNumber="48">
FIG. 5. Schematic drawing of rostral chambers in dorsal view, mouth above. Dotted areas correspond to dense bone and bone walls, while white areas indicate cavities. A — 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254FFFEFFCC3F9B71EABF996" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[784,982,1595,1617]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254FFFEFFCC3F9B71EABF996" box="[784,982,1595,1617]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="48">H. khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ROM 116793; B — 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254FFFEFFF51F9D31D9DF9AB" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[130,224,1624,1645]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254FFFEFFF51F9D31D9DF9AB" box="[130,224,1624,1645]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="48">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
IEX-M0095, ♀; C — 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254FFFEFFE18F9D31F3AF9AB" authorityName="Senckenberg" box="[459,583,1624,1645]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orbiculus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254FFFEFFE18F9D31F3AF9AB" box="[459,583,1624,1645]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="48">H. orbiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
SMF 57092; D — 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254FFFEFFCC3F9D31E12F9AB" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[784,879,1624,1645]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254FFFEFFCC3F9D31E12F9AB" box="[784,879,1624,1645]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="48">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
SMF 69291. a) Anterior rostral chamber, b) Postero-lateral rostral chamber, c) and c’) postero-median rostral chamber. Notice that in A and B the posterior chambers are not separated by the intermediate wall, and that in D, the posterior median chamber is split in two, c and c’
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33C6527254EFFE8FF51FF2F1E09FC17" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="11" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254EFFEEFF51FF2F1F38FF7B" blockId="11.[130,646,163,830]" box="[130,581,163,190]" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254EFFEEFF51FF2F1F38FF7B" box="[130,581,163,190]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">Comparison with most similar species</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254EFFEEFF7FFF4E1E66FD53" blockId="11.[130,646,163,830]" lastBlockId="11.[683,1198,163,830]" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">
Differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254EFFEEFE9BFF4D1CC4FF19" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[328,441,197,223]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254EFFEEFE9BFF4D1CC4FF19" box="[328,441,197,223]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by: Much small- er noseleaf and internarial disc without sup- plementary leaflets. Frontal glandular sac present in females (in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254EFFEEFE55FEA01C8BFE82" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[390,502,298,324]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254EFFEEFE55FEA01C8BFE82" box="[390,502,298,324]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected in the same month, males have this conspi- cuous sac, but females have it reduced to a shallow depression with some dark short hairs; however, we cannot rule out the possibility of seasonal changes). CF of the echolocation call much higher (69–71 kHz in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254EFFEEFF35FD9C1C20FDF6" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[230,349,534,560]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254EFFEEFF35FD9C1C20FDF6" box="[230,349,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Shorter head and bo- dy, but longer tibia and hind feet. Open- ing of the nasal channel narrower. Rostral inflations much less inflated, narrower than the toothrow (wider in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254EFFEEFE4BFD151F77FD71" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[408,522,669,695]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254EFFEEFE4BFD151F77FD71" box="[408,522,669,695]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Postero- lateral chamber much wider than the pos- tero-median chamber, and laterally reaching the bone bridge of the anteorbital foramen, and lacrymal chamber much reduced (the three chambers are all approximately the same width in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254EFFEEFC8EFF4D1EB2FF19" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[861,975,197,223]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254EFFEEFC8EFF4D1EB2FF19" box="[861,975,197,223]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— 
<figureCitation id="131D2A29254EFFEEFC2CFF4E192CFF26" box="[1023,1105,197,224]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[130,143,1567,1588]" captionTargetBox="[260,1074,754,1545]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[149,1172,742,1549]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 5. Schematic drawing of rostral chambers in dorsal view, mouth above. Dotted areas correspond to dense bone and bone walls, while white areas indicate cavities. A — H. khaokhouayensis ROM 116793; B — H. rotalis IEX-M0095, ♀; C — H. orbiculus SMF 57092; D — H. ridleyi SMF 69291. a) Anterior rostral chamber, b) Postero-lateral rostral chamber, c) and c’) postero-median rostral chamber. Notice that in A and B the posterior chambers are not separated by the intermediate wall, and that in D, the posterior median chamber is split in two, c and c’" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945022" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3945022/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
and 
<figureCitation id="131D2A29254EFFEEFB5DFF4E19E2FF26" box="[1166,1183,197,224]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[130,143,1627,1648]" captionTargetBox="[247,1087,877,1608]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[192,1160,890,1614]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 6. Schematic drawing of rostral chambers in lateral view, mouth to the left. Conventions as in Fig. 3. A — H. khaokhouayensis ROM 116793; B — H. rotalis IEX-M0095, ♀; C — H. orbiculus Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt am Mein, Germany (SMF) 57092; D — H. ridleyi SMF 69291. a) Anterior rostral chamber, b) Postero-lateral rostral chamber, c) Postero-median rostral chamber, d) Posterior lacrymal chamber" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945025" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3945025/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">6</figureCitation>
). Low sagital crest and foramen in the skull mid-line, between postero-median chambers present (both absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254EFFEEFBF7FEA019E0FE82" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[1060,1181,298,324]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254EFFEEFBF7FEA019E0FE82" box="[1060,1181,298,324]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Skull narrower across rostral inflations, but wider across maxillary toothrows. Ante- orbital foramen large and elongated, with bone bridge from lateral rostral inflations to zygomatic arch very thin (smaller and more rounded, with bony bridge thicker in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254EFFEEFBB5FE7E1FA3FDF6" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254EFFEEFBB5FE7E1FA3FDF6" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Zygomatic arch wider and more protruding from the skull, with a more acute angle between the glenoid and the lacrymal branches.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254EFFEEFD07FD1619D3FCF8" blockId="11.[683,1198,163,830]" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">
Differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254EFFEEFCA9FD15196EFD71" authorityName="Senckenberg" box="[890,1043,669,695]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orbiculus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254EFFEEFCA9FD15196EFD71" box="[890,1043,669,695]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">H. orbiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by: Smaller noseleaf and internarial disc. Frequency of the constant segment of the echolocation call higher (about 80 kHz in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254EFFEEFBDBFC8819E0FCDA" authorityName="Senckenberg" box="[1032,1181,770,796]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orbiculus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254EFFEEFBDBFC8819E0FCDA" box="[1032,1181,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">H. orbiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Shorter head and body, and hind feet. Ears
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF596624254EFFEEFF51F9D01902F900" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945025" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3945025" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3945025/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="49" startId="11.[130,143,1627,1648]" targetBox="[247,1087,877,1608]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254EFFEEFF51F9D01902F900" blockId="11.[130,1199,1627,1734]" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">
FIG. 6. Schematic drawing of rostral chambers in lateral view, mouth to the left. Conventions as in 
<figureCitation id="131D2A29254EFFEEFBEFF9D01DEBF94B" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[686,699,1679,1700]" captionTargetBox="[721,1163,1137,1656]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[721,1163,1137,1657]" captionText="FIG. 3. Frontal view of the noseleaf of one of the paratypes of H. khaokhouayensis alive (IEX-M0106)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3945018/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">
Fig. 3. A — 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254EFFEEFF51F9F31DEBF94B" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[130,150,1656,1677]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254EFFEEFF51F9F31DEBF94B" box="[130,150,1656,1677]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">H</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</figureCitation>
. khaokhouayensis ROM 116793; B — 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254EFFEEFDC7F9F31F0DF94A" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[532,624,1655,1677]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254EFFEEFDC7F9F31F0DF94A" box="[532,624,1655,1677]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
IEX-M0095, ♀; C — 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254EFFEEFC82F9F31930F94B" authority="Senckenberg" authorityName="Senckenberg" box="[849,1101,1655,1677]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orbiculus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254EFFEEFC82F9F31EB6F94A" box="[849,971,1655,1677]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">H. orbiculus</emphasis>
Senckenberg
</taxonomicName>
Museum, Frankfurt am Mein, Germany (SMF) 57092; D — 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254EFFEEFD4AF91F1F81F96E" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[665,764,1683,1705]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254EFFEEFD4AF91F1F81F96E" box="[665,764,1683,1705]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="49">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
SMF 69291. a) Anterior rostral chamber, b) Postero-lateral rostral chamber, c) Postero-median rostral chamber, d) Posterior lacrymal chamber
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5966242549FFE9FF85FE1619FBFE37" ID-Table-UUID="DF5966242549FFE9FF85FE1619FBFE37" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5966242549FFE9FF85FE1619FBFE37" pageId="12" pageNumber="50" targetBox="[88,1650,519,1239]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2549FFE9FF85FE1619FBFE37" blockId="12.[86,1654,413,497]" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
TABLE 1. Selected external and cranial measurements (in mm), and frequency of the constant segment of the echolocation calls (CF, in kHz), of the putative sibling species considered in the study. Last column indicates the significance of a two-tailed 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FC79FE321ECCFE12" box="[938,945,441,468]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">t</emphasis>
-test to test for differences between means of samples for 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2549FFE9FA3DFE321B36FE12" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[1518,1611,441,468]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FA3DFE321B36FE12" box="[1518,1611,441,468]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2549FFE9FF85FE5D1C65FE37" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[86,280,470,497]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FF85FE5D1C65FE37" box="[86,280,470,497]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">H. khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FEF6FE5D1C49FE37" box="[293,308,470,497]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">P</emphasis>
-level: ns — 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FE61FE5D1CBCFE37" box="[434,449,470,497]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">P</emphasis>
&gt; 0.05; * — 0.05 ≥ 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FD5BFE5D1FEAFE37" box="[648,663,470,497]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">P</emphasis>
&gt; 0.01; ** — 0.01 ≥ 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FCB9FE5D1E04FE37" box="[874,889,470,497]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">P</emphasis>
&gt; 0.001; *** — 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FBF3FE5D1952FE37" box="[1056,1071,470,497]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">P</emphasis>
≤ 0.001
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2549FFE9FF6EFD921B1CFB11" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<table id="F926C40C2549001AFF8BFD8C1B0FFB11" box="[88,1650,519,1239]" gridcols="14" gridrows="20" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFD8C1B0FFD80" box="[88,1650,519,582]" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFD8C1CE5FD80" box="[88,408,519,582]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Measurement</th>
<th id="76C75D922549001AFE69FD8C1FFBFD80" box="[442,646,519,582]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2549FFE9FE27FD821F10FDE2" authorityName="Senckenberg" box="[500,621,521,548]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orbiculus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FE27FD821F10FDE2" box="[500,621,521,548]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">H. orbiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<superScript id="7C539BE42549FFE9FDBEFD8C1F09FDDC" attach="left" box="[621,628,519,538]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">a</superScript>
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FE1EFDA61CA6FD83" bold="true" box="[461,475,557,581]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">x</emphasis>
range
</th>
<th id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFD8C1FDBFD80" box="[664,678,519,582]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">n</th>
<th id="76C75D922549001AFD32FD8C1ED8FD80" box="[737,933,519,582]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2549FFE9FCCEFD821E07FDE2" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[797,890,521,548]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FCCEFD821E07FDE2" box="[797,890,521,548]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<superScript id="7C539BE42549FFE9FCA9FD8C1EFFFDDC" attach="left" box="[890,898,519,538]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">b</superScript>
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FD22FDA61F82FD83" bold="true" box="[753,767,557,581]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">x</emphasis>
range
</th>
<th id="76C75D922549001AFC64FD8C1EB8FD80" box="[951,965,519,582]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">n</th>
<th id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FD8C19B9FD80" box="[1031,1220,519,582]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2549FFE9FBEEFD8219E4FDE2" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[1085,1177,521,548]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FBEEFD8219E4FDE2" box="[1085,1177,521,548]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<superScript id="7C539BE42549FFE9FB4AFD8C19DDFDDC" attach="left" box="[1177,1184,519,538]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">c</superScript>
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FBCBFDA6195BFD83" bold="true" box="[1048,1062,557,581]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">x</emphasis>
range
</th>
<th id="76C75D922549001AFB07FD8C1991FD80" box="[1236,1260,519,582]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">n</th>
<th id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFD8C1B70FD80" box="[1326,1549,519,582]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2549FFE9FAEFFD821883FDE2" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[1340,1534,521,548]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FAEFFD821883FDE2" box="[1340,1534,521,548]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">H. khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<superScript id="7C539BE42549FFE9FA2DFD8C1B7BFDDC" attach="left" box="[1534,1542,519,538]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">d</superScript>
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FAECFDA61830FD83" bold="true" box="[1343,1357,557,581]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">x</emphasis>
range 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9F9D2FDA01B70FD80" box="[1537,1549,555,582]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">n</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFD8C1B0FFD80" box="[1580,1650,519,582]" gridcol="13" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9F9FFFD921B3EFDF2" box="[1580,1603,537,564]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">P-</emphasis>
level
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFDC51B0FFDAF" box="[88,1650,590,617]" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFDC51CE5FDAF" box="[88,408,590,617]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Forearm length</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FDC51C8DFDAF" box="[442,496,590,617]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">47.36</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFDC51FFBFDAF" box="[525,646,590,617]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">46.15–48.50</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFDC51FDBFDAF" box="[664,678,590,617]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">7</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FDC51E6AFDAF" box="[737,791,590,617]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">48.61</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFDC51ED8FDAF" box="[812,933,590,617]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">47.25–49.79</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FDC51EB8FDAF" box="[951,965,590,617]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FDC51940FDAF" box="[1031,1085,590,617]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">47.17</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFDC519B9FDAF" box="[1100,1220,590,617]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">46.03–47.94</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FDC51991FDAF" box="[1236,1260,590,617]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFDC51819FDAF" box="[1326,1380,590,617]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">47.12</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FDC51896FDAF" box="[1395,1515,590,617]" gridcol="11" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">45.54–48.55</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFDC51B70FDAF" box="[1535,1549,590,617]" gridcol="12" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFDC51B0FFDAF" box="[1580,1650,590,617]" gridcol="13" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">ns</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFDE11B0FFD43" box="[88,1650,618,645]" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFDE11CE5FD43" box="[88,408,618,645]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Metacarpal III length</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FDE11C8DFD43" box="[442,496,618,645]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">34.25</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFDE11FFBFD43" box="[525,646,618,645]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">33.73–34.55</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFDE11FDBFD43" box="[664,678,618,645]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">4</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FDE11E6AFD43" box="[737,791,618,645]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">35.58</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFDE11ED8FD43" box="[812,933,618,645]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">34.00–36.80</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FDE11EB8FD43" box="[951,965,618,645]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FDE11940FD43" box="[1031,1085,618,645]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">35.20</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFDE119B9FD43" box="[1100,1220,618,645]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">34.26–36.34</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FDE11991FD43" box="[1236,1260,618,645]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFDE11819FD43" box="[1326,1380,618,645]" gridcol="10" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">33.79</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FDE11896FD43" box="[1395,1515,618,645]" gridcol="11" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">32.21–34.65</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFDE11B70FD43" box="[1535,1549,618,645]" gridcol="12" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFDE11B0FFD43" box="[1580,1650,618,645]" gridcol="13" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">**</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFD0D1B0FFD67" box="[88,1650,646,673]" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFD0D1CE5FD67" box="[88,408,646,673]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Metacarpal V length</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FD0D1C8DFD67" box="[442,496,646,673]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">34.61</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFD0D1FFBFD67" box="[525,646,646,673]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">33.92–35.34</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFD0D1FDBFD67" box="[664,678,646,673]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">3</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FD0D1E6AFD67" box="[737,791,646,673]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">36.60</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFD0D1ED8FD67" box="[812,933,646,673]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">35.00–38.07</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FD0D1EB8FD67" box="[951,965,646,673]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FD0D1940FD67" box="[1031,1085,646,673]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">34.28</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFD0D19B9FD67" box="[1100,1220,646,673]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">32.81–35.17</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FD0D1991FD67" box="[1236,1260,646,673]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFD0D1819FD67" box="[1326,1380,646,673]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">33.92</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FD0D1896FD67" box="[1395,1515,646,673]" gridcol="11" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">32.87–34.90</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFD0D1B70FD67" box="[1535,1549,646,673]" gridcol="12" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFD0D1B0FFD67" box="[1580,1650,646,673]" gridcol="13" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">ns</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFD281B0FFD78" box="[88,1650,675,702]" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFD281CE5FD78" box="[88,408,675,702]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Tibia length</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FD281C8DFD78" box="[442,496,675,702]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">19.40</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFD281FFBFD78" box="[525,646,675,702]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">18.60–20.40</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFD281FDBFD78" box="[664,678,675,702]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">3</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FD281E6AFD78" box="[737,791,675,702]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">20.84</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFD281ED8FD78" box="[812,933,675,702]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">19.50–21.70</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FD281EB8FD78" box="[951,965,675,702]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FD281940FD78" box="[1031,1085,675,702]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">19.56</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFD2819B9FD78" box="[1100,1220,675,702]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">19.05–20.26</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FD281991FD78" box="[1236,1260,675,702]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFD281819FD78" box="[1326,1380,675,702]" gridcol="10" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">20.94</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FD281896FD78" box="[1395,1515,675,702]" gridcol="11" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">20.16–22.07</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFD281B70FD78" box="[1535,1549,675,702]" gridcol="12" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFD281B0FFD78" box="[1580,1650,675,702]" gridcol="13" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">***</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFD341B0FFD1C" box="[88,1650,703,730]" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFD341CE5FD1C" box="[88,408,703,730]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Tail length</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FD341C8DFD1C" box="[442,496,703,730]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">29.65</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFD341FFBFD1C" box="[525,646,703,730]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">26.20–34.20</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFD341FDBFD1C" box="[664,678,703,730]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">6</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FD341E6AFD1C" box="[737,791,703,730]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">27.32</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFD341ED8FD1C" box="[812,933,703,730]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">24.00–28.90</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FD341EB8FD1C" box="[951,965,703,730]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FD341940FD1C" box="[1031,1085,703,730]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">35.15</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFD3419B9FD1C" box="[1100,1220,703,730]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">31.22–39.00</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FD341991FD1C" box="[1236,1260,703,730]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFD341819FD1C" box="[1326,1380,703,730]" gridcol="10" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">36.22</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FD341896FD1C" box="[1395,1515,703,730]" gridcol="11" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">34.95–37.51</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFD341B70FD1C" box="[1535,1549,703,730]" gridcol="12" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFD341B0FFD1C" box="[1580,1650,703,730]" gridcol="13" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">*</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFD501B0FFD30" box="[88,1650,731,758]" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFD501CE5FD30" box="[88,408,731,758]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Ear length</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FD501C8DFD30" box="[442,496,731,758]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">22.29</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFD501FFBFD30" box="[525,646,731,758]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">20.60–23.60</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFD501FDBFD30" box="[664,678,731,758]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">7</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FD501E6AFD30" box="[737,791,731,758]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">24.58</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFD501ED8FD30" box="[812,933,731,758]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">22.00–25.60</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FD501EB8FD30" box="[951,965,731,758]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FD501940FD30" box="[1031,1085,731,758]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">25.57</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFD5019B9FD30" box="[1100,1220,731,758]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">24.30–26.70</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FD501991FD30" box="[1236,1260,731,758]" gridcol="9" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFD501819FD30" box="[1326,1380,731,758]" gridcol="10" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">24.79</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FD501896FD30" box="[1395,1515,731,758]" gridcol="11" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">24.36–25.24</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFD501B70FD30" box="[1535,1549,731,758]" gridcol="12" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFD501B0FFD30" box="[1580,1650,731,758]" gridcol="13" gridrow="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">**</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFD731B0FFCD5" box="[88,1650,760,787]" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFD731CE5FCD5" box="[88,408,760,787]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Horseshoe width</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FD731C8DFCD5" box="[442,496,760,787]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">7.54</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFD731FFBFCD5" box="[525,646,760,787]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">7.10–8.10</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFD731FDBFCD5" box="[664,678,760,787]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">4</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FD731E6AFCD5" box="[737,791,760,787]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8.36</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFD731ED8FCD5" box="[812,933,760,787]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8.05–9.14</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FD731EB8FCD5" box="[951,965,760,787]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FD731940FCD5" box="[1031,1085,760,787]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">7.86</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFD7319B9FCD5" box="[1100,1220,760,787]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">7.26–8.23</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FD731991FCD5" box="[1236,1260,760,787]" gridcol="9" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFD731819FCD5" box="[1326,1380,760,787]" gridcol="10" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">6.22</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FD731896FCD5" box="[1395,1515,760,787]" gridcol="11" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5.23–6.72</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFD731B70FCD5" box="[1535,1549,760,787]" gridcol="12" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFD731B0FFCD5" box="[1580,1650,760,787]" gridcol="13" gridrow="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">***</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFC9F1B0FFCE9" box="[88,1650,788,815]" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFC9F1CE5FCE9" box="[88,408,788,815]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Internarial disk width</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FC9F1C8DFCE9" box="[442,496,788,815]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.10</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFC9F1FFBFCE9" box="[525,646,788,815]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">1.90–2.18</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFC9F1FDBFCE9" box="[664,678,788,815]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">4</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FC9F1E6AFCE9" box="[737,791,788,815]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.97</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFC9F1ED8FCE9" box="[812,933,788,815]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.86–3.08</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FC9F1EB8FCE9" box="[951,965,788,815]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FC9F1940FCE9" box="[1031,1085,788,815]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.45</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFC9F19B9FCE9" box="[1100,1220,788,815]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.32–2.57</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FC9F1991FCE9" box="[1236,1260,788,815]" gridcol="9" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFC9F1819FCE9" box="[1326,1380,788,815]" gridcol="10" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">1.65</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FC9F1896FCE9" box="[1395,1515,788,815]" gridcol="11" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">1.50–1.81</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFC9F1B70FCE9" box="[1535,1549,788,815]" gridcol="12" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFC9F1B0FFCE9" box="[1580,1650,788,815]" gridcol="13" gridrow="8" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">***</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFCBB1B0FFC8D" box="[88,1650,816,843]" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFCBB1CE5FC8D" box="[88,408,816,843]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Greater skull length</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FCBB1C8DFC8D" box="[442,496,816,843]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">18.74</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFCBB1FFBFC8D" box="[525,646,816,843]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">18.39–19.02</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFCBB1FDBFC8D" box="[664,678,816,843]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">7</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FCBB1E6AFC8D" box="[737,791,816,843]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">19.25</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFCBB1ED8FC8D" box="[812,933,816,843]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">19.03–19.67</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FCBB1EB8FC8D" box="[951,965,816,843]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">4</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FCBB1940FC8D" box="[1031,1085,816,843]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">18.64</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFCBB19B9FC8D" box="[1100,1220,816,843]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">18.02–19.51</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FCBB1991FC8D" box="[1236,1260,816,843]" gridcol="9" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFCBB1819FC8D" box="[1326,1380,816,843]" gridcol="10" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">19.30</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FCBB1896FC8D" box="[1395,1515,816,843]" gridcol="11" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">18.89–19.81</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFCBB1B70FC8D" box="[1535,1549,816,843]" gridcol="12" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFCBB1B0FFC8D" box="[1580,1650,816,843]" gridcol="13" gridrow="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">ns</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFCC71B0FFCA1" box="[88,1650,844,871]" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFCC71CE5FCA1" box="[88,408,844,871]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Mastoid width</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FCC71C8DFCA1" box="[442,496,844,871]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">10.15</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFCC71FFBFCA1" box="[525,646,844,871]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">9.98–10.34</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFCC71FDBFCA1" box="[664,678,844,871]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">7</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FCC71E6AFCA1" box="[737,791,844,871]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">10.47</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFCC71ED8FCA1" box="[812,933,844,871]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">10.2–10.61</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FCC71EB8FCA1" box="[951,965,844,871]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FCC71940FCA1" box="[1031,1085,844,871]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">9.98</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFCC719B9FCA1" box="[1100,1220,844,871]" gridcol="8" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">9.86–10.22</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FCC71991FCA1" box="[1236,1260,844,871]" gridcol="9" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFCC71819FCA1" box="[1326,1380,844,871]" gridcol="10" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">10.06</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FCC71896FCA1" box="[1395,1515,844,871]" gridcol="11" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">9.86–10.37</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFCC71B70FCA1" box="[1535,1549,844,871]" gridcol="12" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFCC71B0FFCA1" box="[1580,1650,844,871]" gridcol="13" gridrow="10" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">ns</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFCE21B0FFC42" box="[88,1650,873,900]" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFCE21CE5FC42" box="[88,408,873,900]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Zygomatic width</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FCE21C8DFC42" box="[442,496,873,900]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">9.89</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFCE21FFBFC42" box="[525,646,873,900]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">9.68–9.99</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFCE21FDBFC42" box="[664,678,873,900]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">6</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FCE21E6AFC42" box="[737,791,873,900]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">9.57</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFCE21ED8FC42" box="[812,933,873,900]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">9.5–9.74</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FCE21EB8FC42" box="[951,965,873,900]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FCE21940FC42" box="[1031,1085,873,900]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8.79</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFCE219B9FC42" box="[1100,1220,873,900]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8.65–9.03</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FCE21991FC42" box="[1236,1260,873,900]" gridcol="9" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFCE21819FC42" box="[1326,1380,873,900]" gridcol="10" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">9.67</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FCE21896FC42" box="[1395,1515,873,900]" gridcol="11" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">9.42–9.93</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFCE21B70FC42" box="[1535,1549,873,900]" gridcol="12" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFCE21B0FFC42" box="[1580,1650,873,900]" gridcol="13" gridrow="11" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">***</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFC0E1B0FFC33" box="[88,1650,901,1013]" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFC0E1CE5FC33" box="[88,408,901,1013]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
Width across rostral inflations C 
<superScript id="7C539BE42549FFE9FFBBFC141D0DFC74" attach="left" box="[104,112,927,946]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">1</superScript>
–C 
<superScript id="7C539BE42549FFE9FF5FFC141DE9FC74" attach="left" box="[140,148,927,946]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">1</superScript>
width M 
<superScript id="7C539BE42549FFE9FFBEFC301D08FC08" attach="left" box="[109,117,955,974]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">3</superScript>
–M 
<superScript id="7C539BE42549FFE9FF44FC301DE2FC08" attach="left" box="[151,159,955,974]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">3</superScript>
width C–M 
<superScript id="7C539BE42549FFE9FF5AFC531DECFC2D" attach="left" box="[137,145,984,1003]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">3</superScript>
length (at crowns)
</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FC0E1C8DFC33" box="[442,496,901,1013]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5.19 4.31 6.52 6.46</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFC0E1FFBFC33" box="[525,646,901,1013]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">4.96–5.39 4.14–4.42 6.36–6.67 6.36–6.58</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFC0E1FDBFC33" box="[664,678,901,1013]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">6 7 7 7</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FC0E1E6AFC33" box="[737,791,901,1013]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5.86 4.20 6.50 6.72</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFC0E1ED8FC33" box="[812,933,901,1013]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5.68–5.95 4.07–4.3 6.22–6.80 6.60–6.82</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FC0E1EB8FC33" box="[951,965,901,1013]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5 5 5 5</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FC0E1940FC33" box="[1031,1085,901,1013]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">6.10 3.78 5.81 6.45</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFC0E19B9FC33" box="[1100,1220,901,1013]" gridcol="8" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5.99–6.31 3.58–3.87 5.61–5.99 5.61–6.57</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FC0E1991FC33" box="[1236,1260,901,1013]" gridcol="9" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11 11 11 11</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFC0E1819FC33" box="[1326,1380,901,1013]" gridcol="10" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5.43 4.11 6.27 6.62</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FC0E1896FC33" box="[1395,1515,901,1013]" gridcol="11" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5.21–5.57 3.95–4.31 6.12–6.47 6.41–6.74</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFC0E1B70FC33" box="[1535,1549,901,1013]" gridcol="12" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8 8 8 8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFC0E1B0FFC33" box="[1580,1650,901,1013]" gridcol="13" gridrow="12" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">*** *** *** *</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFC7D1B0FFBD7" box="[88,1650,1014,1041]" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFC7D1CE5FBD7" box="[88,408,1014,1041]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Interorbital constriction width</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FC7D1C8DFBD7" box="[442,496,1014,1041]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.65</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFC7D1FFBFBD7" box="[525,646,1014,1041]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.47–2.91</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFC7D1FDBFBD7" box="[664,678,1014,1041]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">7</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FC7D1E6AFBD7" box="[737,791,1014,1041]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.85</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFC7D1ED8FBD7" box="[812,933,1014,1041]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.56–3.00</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FC7D1EB8FBD7" box="[951,965,1014,1041]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FC7D1940FBD7" box="[1031,1085,1014,1041]" gridcol="7" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.69</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFC7D19B9FBD7" box="[1100,1220,1014,1041]" gridcol="8" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.57–2.79</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FC7D1991FBD7" box="[1236,1260,1014,1041]" gridcol="9" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFC7D1819FBD7" box="[1326,1380,1014,1041]" gridcol="10" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.86</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FC7D1896FBD7" box="[1395,1515,1014,1041]" gridcol="11" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.73–3.03</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFC7D1B70FBD7" box="[1535,1549,1014,1041]" gridcol="12" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFC7D1B0FFBD7" box="[1580,1650,1014,1041]" gridcol="13" gridrow="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">**</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFB991B0FFBEB" box="[88,1650,1042,1069]" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFB991CE5FBEB" box="[88,408,1042,1069]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Bulla length</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FB991C8DFBEB" box="[442,496,1042,1069]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.98</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFB991FFBFBEB" box="[525,646,1042,1069]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.87–3.07</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFB991FDBFBEB" box="[664,678,1042,1069]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">7</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FB991E6AFBEB" box="[737,791,1042,1069]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">3.21</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFB991ED8FBEB" box="[812,933,1042,1069]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">3.09–3.28</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FB991EB8FBEB" box="[951,965,1042,1069]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FB991940FBEB" box="[1031,1085,1042,1069]" gridcol="7" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">3.62</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFB9919B9FBEB" box="[1100,1220,1042,1069]" gridcol="8" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">3.47–3.76</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FB991991FBEB" box="[1236,1260,1042,1069]" gridcol="9" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFB991819FBEB" box="[1326,1380,1042,1069]" gridcol="10" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">3.41</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FB991896FBEB" box="[1395,1515,1042,1069]" gridcol="11" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">3.32–3.62</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFB991B70FBEB" box="[1535,1549,1042,1069]" gridcol="12" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFB991B0FFBEB" box="[1580,1650,1042,1069]" gridcol="13" gridrow="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">***</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFBA51B0FFB8F" box="[88,1650,1070,1097]" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFBA51CE5FB8F" box="[88,408,1070,1097]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Basioccipital width</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FBA51C8DFB8F" box="[442,496,1070,1097]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">1.95</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFBA51FFBFB8F" box="[525,646,1070,1097]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">1.89–2.04</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFBA51FDBFB8F" box="[664,678,1070,1097]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">7</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FBA51E6AFB8F" box="[737,791,1070,1097]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">1.90</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFBA51ED8FB8F" box="[812,933,1070,1097]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">1.77–198</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FBA51EB8FB8F" box="[951,965,1070,1097]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">4</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FBA51940FB8F" box="[1031,1085,1070,1097]" gridcol="7" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">1.27</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFBA519B9FB8F" box="[1100,1220,1070,1097]" gridcol="8" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">1.03–1.45</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FBA51991FB8F" box="[1236,1260,1070,1097]" gridcol="9" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFBA51819FB8F" box="[1326,1380,1070,1097]" gridcol="10" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">1.41</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FBA51896FB8F" box="[1395,1515,1070,1097]" gridcol="11" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">1.33–1.51</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFBA51B70FB8F" box="[1535,1549,1070,1097]" gridcol="12" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFBA51B0FFB8F" box="[1580,1650,1070,1097]" gridcol="13" gridrow="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">ns</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFBC01B0FFBA0" box="[88,1650,1099,1126]" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="50" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFBC01CE5FBA0" box="[88,408,1099,1126]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Width of nasal channel</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFBC01FFBFBA0" box="[525,646,1099,1126]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">–</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FBC01E6AFBA0" box="[737,791,1099,1126]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">–</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FBC01940FBA0" box="[1031,1085,1099,1126]" gridcol="7" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.67</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFBC019B9FBA0" box="[1100,1220,1099,1126]" gridcol="8" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.63–2.73</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FBC01991FBA0" box="[1236,1260,1099,1126]" gridcol="9" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFBC01819FBA0" box="[1326,1380,1099,1126]" gridcol="10" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.47</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FBC01896FBA0" box="[1395,1515,1099,1126]" gridcol="11" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.33–2.57</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFBC01B70FBA0" box="[1535,1549,1099,1126]" gridcol="12" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFBC01B0FFBA0" box="[1580,1650,1099,1126]" gridcol="13" gridrow="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">***</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFBEC1B0FFB44" box="[88,1650,1127,1154]" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="50" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFBEC1CE5FB44" box="[88,408,1127,1154]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Palate length</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFBEC1FFBFB44" box="[525,646,1127,1154]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">–</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FBEC1E6AFB44" box="[737,791,1127,1154]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">–</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FBEC1940FB44" box="[1031,1085,1127,1154]" gridcol="7" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.93</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFBEC19B9FB44" box="[1100,1220,1127,1154]" gridcol="8" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.61–3.25</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FBEC1991FB44" box="[1236,1260,1127,1154]" gridcol="9" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFBEC1819FB44" box="[1326,1380,1127,1154]" gridcol="10" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.65</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FBEC1896FB44" box="[1395,1515,1127,1154]" gridcol="11" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">2.39–2.86</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFBEC1B70FB44" box="[1535,1549,1127,1154]" gridcol="12" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFBEC1B0FFB44" box="[1580,1650,1127,1154]" gridcol="13" gridrow="17" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">*</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFB081B0FFB58" box="[88,1650,1155,1182]" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFB081CE5FB58" box="[88,408,1155,1182]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Mandible length (from condyles)</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FB081C8DFB58" box="[442,496,1155,1182]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">12.28</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFB081FFBFB58" box="[525,646,1155,1182]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">12.07–12.49</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFB081FDBFB58" box="[664,678,1155,1182]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">6</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FB081E6AFB58" box="[737,791,1155,1182]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">12.71</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFB081ED8FB58" box="[812,933,1155,1182]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">12.43–12.96</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FB081EB8FB58" box="[951,965,1155,1182]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FB081940FB58" box="[1031,1085,1155,1182]" gridcol="7" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11.56</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFB0819B9FB58" box="[1100,1220,1155,1182]" gridcol="8" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11.27–11.94</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FB081991FB58" box="[1236,1260,1155,1182]" gridcol="9" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFB081819FB58" box="[1326,1380,1155,1182]" gridcol="10" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11.87</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FB081896FB58" box="[1395,1515,1155,1182]" gridcol="11" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11.63–12.24</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFB081B70FB58" box="[1535,1549,1155,1182]" gridcol="12" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFB081B0FFB58" box="[1580,1650,1155,1182]" gridcol="13" gridrow="18" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">*</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351634EE2549001AFF8BFB141B0FFB11" box="[88,1650,1183,1239]" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<th id="76C75D922549001AFF8BFB141CE5FB11" box="[88,408,1183,1239]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
C–M 
<subScript id="17A234E92549FFE9FF5AFB261DECFB06" attach="left" box="[137,145,1197,1216]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">3</subScript>
(at crowns) CF
</th>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFE69FB141C8DFB11" box="[442,496,1183,1239]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">7.02 80.0</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFDDEFB141FFBFB11" box="[525,646,1183,1239]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">6.94–7.26</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD4BFB141FDBFB11" box="[664,678,1183,1239]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">7</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFD32FB141E6AFB11" box="[737,791,1183,1239]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">7.17 66.3</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFCFFFB141ED8FB11" box="[812,933,1183,1239]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">7.05–7.27 65.9–66.8</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFC64FB141EB8FB11" box="[951,965,1183,1239]" gridcol="6" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">5 2</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFBD4FB141940FB11" box="[1031,1085,1183,1239]" gridcol="7" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">6.83 70.3</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB9FFB1419B9FB11" box="[1100,1220,1183,1239]" gridcol="8" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">6.66–6.98 69.0–71.3</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFB07FB141991FB11" box="[1236,1260,1183,1239]" gridcol="9" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">11 16</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAFDFB141819FB11" box="[1326,1380,1183,1239]" gridcol="10" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">7.08 88.6</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFAA0FB141896FB11" box="[1395,1515,1183,1239]" gridcol="11" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">6.76–7.25 87.2–91.1</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AFA2CFB141B70FB11" box="[1535,1549,1183,1239]" gridcol="12" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">8 6</td>
<td id="76C75D922549001AF9FFFB141B0FFB11" box="[1580,1650,1183,1239]" gridcol="13" gridrow="19" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">** ***</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2549FFE9FF8BFB6F18BFFB38" box="[88,1474,1252,1278]" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<superScript id="7C539BE42549FFE9FF8BFB6F1D22FB33" attach="left" box="[88,95,1252,1269]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">a</superScript>
— Anatomical measurements for 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2549FFE9FE5EFB6D1C84FB38" authorityName="Senckenberg" box="[397,505,1254,1278]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orbiculus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FE5EFB6D1C84FB38" box="[397,505,1254,1278]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">H. orbiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
taken from Francis 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FD75FB6D1FAEFB38" box="[678,723,1254,1278]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
(1999), and CF data belong to Peninsular Malaya populations studied by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B5D2549FFE9FA9DFB6D18BFFB38" author="Gould" box="[1358,1474,1254,1278]" firstAuthor="Gould" pageId="12" pageNumber="50" pagination="481 - 491" refId="ref13572" refString="GOULD, E. 1979. Neonatal vocalizations of ten systematics (D. M. HILLIS, C. MORITZ, and B. K. species of Malaysian bats (Megachiroptera MABLE, eds.). Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunder- and Microchiroptera). American Zoologist, 19: land, MA, xvi + 655. 481 - 491. HOLLAR, L. J., and M. S. SPRINGER. 1997. Old World" type="journal article" year="1979">Gould (1979)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2549FFE9FF8BFB751F5BFA8D" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<superScript id="7C539BE42549FFE9FF8BFB751D22FAC9" attach="left" box="[88,95,1278,1295]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">b</superScript>
— 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2549FFE9FF56FA8B1DA4FADE" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[133,217,1280,1304]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FF56FA8B1DA4FADE" box="[133,217,1280,1304]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
data are taken from Francis 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FE06FA8B1F7EFADE" box="[469,515,1280,1304]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
1999. The two CF values are the modes of the measurements for two specimens from 
<collectingRegion id="49E2F84E2549FFE9FB2FFA8B184FFADE" box="[1276,1330,1280,1304]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Borneo, 
<collectingCountry id="F331763C2549FFE9FA5BFA8B18ABFADE" box="[1416,1494,1280,1304]" name="Malaysia" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(SMF 83689–90), portrayed in Fig. 16 of that paper. Kingston 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FDC2FA921F42FAF7" box="[529,575,1305,1329]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
(2000) recorded sounds from eight specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2549FFE9FC29FA921932FAF7" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[1018,1103,1305,1329]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FC29FA921932FAF7" box="[1018,1103,1305,1329]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Kuala Lompat, Krau Game Reserve, 
<collectingRegion id="49E2F84E2549FFE9FA02FA921B6FFAF7" box="[1489,1554,1305,1329]" country="Malaysia" name="Pahang" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Pahang</collectingRegion>
, Peninsular 
<collectingCountry id="F331763C2549FFE9FF56FAB81DA8FA8D" box="[133,213,1331,1355]" name="Malaysia" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
, which had an average CF of 61.9 kHz
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2549FFE9FF8BFAC01E12FA77" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<superScript id="7C539BE42549FFE9FF8BFAC01D22FA9A" attach="left" box="[88,95,1355,1372]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">c</superScript>
— Anatomical data for 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2549FFE9FEEEFAC61CEDFAA3" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[317,400,1357,1381]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FEEEFAC61CEDFAA3" box="[317,400,1357,1381]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belong to the six specimens measured by Francis 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FC80FAC61EFCFAA3" box="[851,897,1357,1381]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
(1999), plus five more measured for this study field nos. AGS980508-01, from Vang Vieng area, and AGS970602-01, CMF980203-34, CMF980204-07, CMF980204-14, from Phou Khao Khouay NBCA, all from Central Lao PDR. CF data correspond to the modes of the measurements for the nine specimens portrayed in Figure 16 of Francis 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2549FFE9FCA9FA0B1EDAFA5E" box="[890,935,1408,1432]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
(1999), plus the five specimens measured in this study, plus two other specimens field nos. CMF980203-34 and CMF980204-16, both from Phou Khao Khouay NBCA
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2549FFE9FF8BFA3A19B5FA0D" box="[88,1224,1457,1483]" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">
<superScript id="7C539BE42549FFE9FF8BFA3A1D22FA04" attach="left" box="[88,95,1457,1474]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="50">d</superScript>
— Measurements correspond to all specimens listed in the systematic section, excepting ROM 
<date id="FF98106C2549FFE9FC4DFA381EA0FA0D" box="[926,989,1459,1483]" pageId="12" pageNumber="50" value="71-11-06">110671</date>
(field no. CMF980203-27)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2548FFE8FF51FF281C5BFB07" blockId="13.[130,646,163,1730]" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">
longer. Considerably longer tail. Anterior rostral chamber of similar length to the pos- terior median rostral chambers and equal along all its width (anterior chamber longer than the posterior median chamber in the sagital edge, but narrower in the outer edge in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FF76FEF91C43FE4D" authorityName="Senckenberg" box="[165,318,369,395]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orbiculus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FF76FEF91C43FE4D" box="[165,318,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. orbiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Postero-median chamber almost square (as an asymmetric triangle with blunt corners in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FEA9FE3D1F71FE09" authorityName="Senckenberg" box="[378,524,437,463]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orbiculus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FEA9FE3D1F71FE09" box="[378,524,437,463]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. orbiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Postero- lateral chamber much wider than the pos- tero-median chamber, (the two chambers are approximately the same width in 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FDEFFD961DAAFD9E" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. or- biculus</emphasis>
). Rostral chambers with more open space and less bone density and walls (Figs. 5–6). Foramen in sagital line located in the middle of the postero-median chambers (be- hind the chambers in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FEA9FD431F71FD27" authorityName="Senckenberg" box="[378,524,711,737]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orbiculus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FEA9FD431F71FD27" box="[378,524,711,737]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. orbiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Postero- lateral eminences not bulging postero-later- ally, which results in a shallower constric- tion of the interorbital region. Zygomatic arch thin and with dorsal process very low and inconspicuous as in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FE7EFCF81F5DFC4A" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[429,544,882,908]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FE7EFCF81F5DFC4A" box="[429,544,882,908]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(thicker and with very prominent process in 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FDF4FC1E1DBDFC17" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. orbi- culus</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FED0FC331C04FC17" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[259,377,951,977]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FED0FC331C04FC17" box="[259,377,951,977]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Bullae considerably larger and bassioccipital much narrower be- tween cochleae. Canines shorter. I 
<subScript id="17A234E92548FFE8FDE5FB811F3DFBDB" attach="left" box="[566,576,1034,1053]" fontSize="8" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">2</subScript>
with well developed lingual cingulid forming a slightly excavated heel (without cingulid heel in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FF0DFBE81C09FBBA" authorityName="Senckenberg" box="[222,372,1122,1148]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orbiculus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FF0DFBE81C09FBBA" box="[222,372,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. orbiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); C 
<superScript id="7C539BE42548FFE8FE77FBD61CD3FBB6" attach="left" box="[420,430,1117,1136]" fontSize="8" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">1</superScript>
without posterior cingulum cusp (with cingulum cusp in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FF51FB2C1C6BFB06" authorityName="Senckenberg" box="[130,278,1190,1216]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orbiculus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FF51FB2C1C6BFB06" box="[130,278,1190,1216]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. orbiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2548FFE8FF7FFB421E09FC17" blockId="13.[130,646,163,1730]" lastBlockId="13.[683,1199,163,977]" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">
Differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FE8CFB421CA0FB25" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[351,477,1225,1251]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FE8CFB421CA0FB25" box="[351,477,1225,1251]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by: Smaller noseleaf and internarial disc. Frequency of the constant segment of the echolocation call much higher (about 66 kHz in 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FDE1FABB1DD1FAAD" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. rid- leyi</emphasis>
). Shorter hind feet. Considerably longer tail. Rostral inflations much less inflated, narrower than the toothrow (same width as toothrow in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FEF4FA321CDEFA14" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[295,419,1464,1490]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FEF4FA321CDEFA14" box="[295,419,1464,1490]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Anterior rostral chamber of similar length to the posterior median rostral chambers and equal along all its width (anterior chamber longer than the posterior median chamber in the sagital edge, and still wider in the distal edge in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FF51F90D1D88F966" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[130,245,1670,1696]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FF51F90D1D88F966" box="[130,245,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Postero-median chamber larger and almost square (almost rounded and reduced frontally in size by the expanded anterior chamber in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FC73FF4C1969FF26" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[928,1044,198,224]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FC73FF4C1969FF26" box="[928,1044,198,224]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Only three posterior chambers (a fourth prominent chamber, larger than the median, appears between the median and the lateral chambers in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FCD8FEDB1EFDFEAF" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[779,896,335,361]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FCD8FEDB1EFDFEAF" box="[779,896,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Rostral chambers with more open space and less bone density and walls. Foramen in sagital line located in the middle of the postero-median chambers (behind the chambers in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FC74FE53196AFE34" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[935,1047,472,498]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FC74FE53196AFE34" box="[935,1047,472,498]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Zygomatic arch thin and with dorsal process very low and inconspicuous as in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FC05FD961934FDF0" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[982,1097,540,566]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FC05FD961934FDF0" box="[982,1097,540,566]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(thicker and with very prominent process in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FB8FFDB41FA8FDBC" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridspace">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FB8FFDB41FA8FDBC" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Bullae considerably larger and bas- sioccipital much narrower between cochleae. Canines shorter. I 
<subScript id="17A234E92548FFE8FC0BFD381E9FFD00" attach="left" box="[984,994,691,710]" fontSize="8" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">2</subScript>
with well developed lingual cingulid forming a slightly excavated heel (without cingulid heel in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FBBEFD611F99FCE0" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rially">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FBBEFD611F99FCE0" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); C 
<superScript id="7C539BE42548FFE8FCC7FC8C1E63FCDC" attach="left" box="[788,798,775,794]" fontSize="8" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">1</superScript>
without posterior cingulum cusp (with cingulum cusp in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FC09FCA4192DFC8E" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[986,1104,814,840]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FC09FCA4192DFC8E" box="[986,1104,814,840]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Mandible shorter. All other 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2548FFE8FC10FCDB191DFCAC" box="[963,1120,848,874]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FC10FCDB191DFCAC" box="[963,1120,848,874]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">Hipposideros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the region have very different noseleaf mor- phology and are mostly either substantially larger or smaller.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C65272548FFE8FD78FC701970FA48" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2548FFE8FD78FC701E37FBD3" blockId="13.[683,1198,1019,1422]" box="[683,842,1019,1045]" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FD78FC701E37FBD3" box="[683,842,1019,1045]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">Reproduction</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2548FFE8FD07FB961970FA48" blockId="13.[683,1198,1019,1422]" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">
The female collected in 
<date id="FF98106C2548FFE8FC2CFB9619D3FBFE" box="[1023,1198,1053,1080]" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" value="1998-02">February 1998</date>
had tiny pubic nipples and was not palpably pregnant. Of three females caught in May 1998, none was palpably pregnant, one had enlarged pubic nipples and was lactating, another had small pubic nipples, and the other had no obvious pubic nipples. Of two females collected in 
<date id="FF98106C2548FFE8FC78FA851957FAE1" box="[939,1066,1293,1320]" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" value="1997-06">June 1997</date>
, none was palpably pregnant, one had enlarged pubic nipples and was lactating, while the other had no obvious pubic nipples.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C65272548FFEBFD78FA331F58FE09" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2548FFE8FD78FA331E47FA14" blockId="13.[683,1199,1464,1730]" box="[683,826,1464,1490]" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2548FFE8FD78FA331E47FA14" box="[683,826,1464,1490]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC2548FFE8FD07FA5119D3F904" blockId="13.[683,1199,1464,1730]" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">
The species has been collected only in a small area at the center of Phou Khao Khouay NBCA, Saisombun Special Area, where it appeared to be relatively common, and near Ban Nampe, about 
<quantity id="4CDE9B492548FFE8FBDFF9EF1925F9BB" box="[1036,1112,1635,1662]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="51" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
NE of Vang Vieng, Vang Vieng District, 
<collectingRegion id="49E2F84E2548FFE8FBEDF90D19D3F966" box="[1086,1198,1670,1696]" country="Laos" name="Viangchan" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">Vientiane</collectingRegion>
Province, all in Central Lao PDR (
<figureCitation id="131D2A292548FFE8FBE9F9231903F904" box="[1082,1150,1704,1730]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[130,143,1596,1617]" captionTargetBox="[325,1010,887,1574]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[325,1009,886,1574]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1. Map of Southeast Asia with some of the Sunda islands showing the distribution records of H. ridleyi (diamonds), H. orbiculus (squares), H. rotalis (black and hollow circles), and the new species described here (black circles). The distribution of the first three species was reviewed by Francis et al. (1999). Notice that the black circles correspond to new localities recorded in the present study, where both H. rotalis and the new species were captured" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945014" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3945014/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="51">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). In
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254BFFEBFF51FF281F58FE09" blockId="14.[130,646,163,463]" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">
surveyed areas to the east the species was not observed, although 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFE4CFF4D1F6FFF26" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[415,530,198,224]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFE4CFF4D1F6FFF26" box="[415,530,198,224]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been caught there (Francis 
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFE40FF621CA9FEC4" box="[403,468,232,258]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">et al.</emphasis>
, 1999). Areas immediate to the west (
<collectingRegion id="49E2F84E254BFFEBFE66FE811F49FEE2" box="[437,564,266,292]" country="Laos" name="Xaignabouli" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">Sainyabuli</collectingRegion>
Prov- ince) and north (
<collectingRegion id="49E2F84E254BFFEBFE92FEA71F23FE81" box="[321,606,300,327]" country="Laos" name="Xiangkhouang" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">Xieng Khuang Province</collectingRegion>
) of the known sites have not been surveyed. The species was not recorded in more north- ern surveyed areas (
<collectingRegion id="49E2F84E254BFFEBFEB8FE191F53FE6A" box="[363,558,402,429]" country="Laos" name="Louangnamtha" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">Luang Nam Tha</collectingRegion>
, Luang Prabang, and 
<collectingRegion id="49E2F84E254BFFEBFEF7FE3E1CE5FE08" box="[292,408,436,463]" country="Laos" name="Houaphan" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">Hua Phan</collectingRegion>
Provinces).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6527254BFFEBFF51FE731C37FC4F" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254BFFEBFF51FE731DA1FDD4" blockId="14.[130,646,504,905]" box="[130,220,504,530]" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFF51FE731DA1FDD4" box="[130,220,504,530]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">Habitat</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254BFFEBFF7FFD911C37FC4F" blockId="14.[130,646,504,905]" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">
These bats have been captured in patch- es of intact and disturbed evergreen forest. In Vang Vieng there were large limestone outcrops with caves in the vicinity. Capture sites in Phou Khao Khouay were not near limestone outcrops or large caves, but the roost sites are not known. The species has been caught between 
<quantity id="4CDE9B49254BFFEBFE4EFC821C8CFCE2" box="[413,497,777,804]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</quantity>
(
<collectingRegion id="49E2F84E254BFFEBFDD9FC821F45FCE5" box="[522,568,777,803]" country="Thailand" name="Tak" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">Tak</collectingRegion>
Leuk waterfall, Phou Khao Khouay NBCA) and 
<quantity id="4CDE9B49254BFFEBFF51FCC61DB6FCAE" box="[130,203,845,872]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
elevation (Dan Phorkeng, Phou Khao Khouay NBCA).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6527254BFFF5FF51FC311EE7FE83" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254BFFEBFF51FC311C02FC30" blockId="14.[130,646,954,1730]" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFF51FC311C02FC30" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">Morphological Comparisons and Phylo- genetic Relationships</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254BFFEBFF51FBAB1CC2FBFC" blockId="14.[130,646,954,1730]" box="[130,447,1056,1082]" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">Morphometric comparison</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254BFFEBFF7FFBC81FF8F904" blockId="14.[130,646,954,1730]" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">
In general aspect and body size, 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFDBAFBC81C37FBB8" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
H. 
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFF51FBEF1C37FBB8" box="[130,330,1124,1150]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to the sympatric 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFF51FB0C1D8EFB66" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[130,243,1158,1184]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFF51FB0C1D8EFB66" box="[130,243,1158,1184]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with no significant differences in forearm length, greatest skull length and mastoid width. It is also very similar to the two other species previously considered siblings of 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFEC3FA9B1CFBFAEF" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[272,390,1295,1321]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFEC3FA9B1CFBFAEF" box="[272,390,1295,1321]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="C6A40317254BFFEBFE48FA841C84FAEF" box="[411,505,1295,1321]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="12.[86,99,413,440]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="TABLE 1. Selected external and cranial measurements (in mm), and frequency of the constant segment of the echolocation calls (CF, in kHz), of the putative sibling species considered in the study. Last column indicates the significance of a two-tailed t-test to test for differences between means of samples for H. rotalis and H. khaokhouayensis. P-level: ns — P&gt; 0.05; * — 0.05 ≥ P&gt; 0.01; ** — 0.01 ≥ P&gt; 0.001; *** — P ≤ 0.001" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5966242549FFE9FF85FE1619FBFE37" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" tableUuid="DF5966242549FFE9FF85FE1619FBFE37">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Although statistically significant for most variables measured, differences with 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFE0FFADF1F2EFAAB" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[476,595,1363,1389]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFE0FFADF1F2EFAAB" box="[476,595,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are relatively small for measures related to size of wings and ears, or to length of troph- ic structures (i.e., &lt;5% in metacarpal, tail, ear, and teeth series lengths). Instead, differ- ences in the width of trophic structures are more notable between the two species (i.e., 8–11% difference in zygomatic width, and across canines and molars widths). Of special note is the smaller size of all structures related to sound production in
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254BFFEBFD78FF2F1EA0FD5B" blockId="14.[683,1199,163,1149]" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFD78FF2F1ED9FF7B" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[683,932,163,189]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFD78FF2F1ED9FF7B" box="[683,932,163,189]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">H. khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including width of noseleaf, internarial disk, rostral inflations, and nasal channel, and length of tympanic bulla and palate, with the exception of the bassioccipital width (the space between the bullae, which is 10% larger). The most con- spicuous differences exist in the noseleaf structure (horseshoe 23% and internarial disc 39% narrower in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFC63FE3D19E0FE09" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[944,1181,437,463]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFC63FE3D19E0FE09" box="[944,1181,437,463]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">H. khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). These differences correspond well with the large difference in the constant frequency of the echolocation calls (about 23% higher in 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFD78FDB41EE5FD9E" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[683,920,574,600]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFD78FDB41EE5FD9E" box="[683,920,574,600]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">H. khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), since higher frequen- cies resonate better in shorter chords and smaller cavities (
<tableCitation id="C6A40317254BFFEBFCA0FD081EB1FD5B" box="[883,972,643,669]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="12.[86,99,413,440]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="TABLE 1. Selected external and cranial measurements (in mm), and frequency of the constant segment of the echolocation calls (CF, in kHz), of the putative sibling species considered in the study. Last column indicates the significance of a two-tailed t-test to test for differences between means of samples for H. rotalis and H. khaokhouayensis. P-level: ns — P&gt; 0.05; * — 0.05 ≥ P&gt; 0.01; ** — 0.01 ≥ P&gt; 0.001; *** — P ≤ 0.001" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5966242549FFE9FF85FE1619FBFE37" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" tableUuid="DF5966242549FFE9FF85FE1619FBFE37">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254BFFEBFD07FD2E1E7FFBBB" blockId="14.[683,1199,163,1149]" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">
Although we did not perform formal tests of the morphological differences of 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFD78FD611EDCFCC5" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[683,929,745,771]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFD78FD611EDCFCC5" box="[683,929,745,771]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">H. khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFC2BFD61190EFCC5" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[1016,1139,745,771]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFC2BFD61190EFCC5" box="[1016,1139,745,771]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFD78FC871E40FCE0" authorityName="Senckenberg" box="[683,829,780,806]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orbiculus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFD78FC871E40FCE0" box="[683,829,780,806]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">H. orbiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it is clear that it is very similar to them (
<tableCitation id="C6A40317254BFFEBFCF6FCA51EFBFC8E" box="[805,902,814,840]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="12.[86,99,413,440]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="TABLE 1. Selected external and cranial measurements (in mm), and frequency of the constant segment of the echolocation calls (CF, in kHz), of the putative sibling species considered in the study. Last column indicates the significance of a two-tailed t-test to test for differences between means of samples for H. rotalis and H. khaokhouayensis. P-level: ns — P&gt; 0.05; * — 0.05 ≥ P&gt; 0.01; ** — 0.01 ≥ P&gt; 0.001; *** — P ≤ 0.001" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5966242549FFE9FF85FE1619FBFE37" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" tableUuid="DF5966242549FFE9FF85FE1619FBFE37">Table 1</tableCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFC7BFCA41939FC8E" authorityName="Senckenberg" box="[936,1092,814,840]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orbiculus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFC7BFCA41939FC8E" box="[936,1092,814,840]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">H. orbiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears more similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFCA9FCDA1910FCAC" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[890,1133,848,874]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFCA9FCDA1910FCAC" box="[890,1133,848,874]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">H. khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFD78FCF81E61FC4A" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[683,796,882,908]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFD78FCF81E61FC4A" box="[683,796,882,908]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in some measurements. However there are variables and discrete characters that clearly discriminate the two species as described above, some of which point to a common ancestry of 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFC0BFC771909FBD3" authorityName="Senckenberg" box="[984,1140,1019,1045]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orbiculus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFC0BFC771909FBD3" box="[984,1140,1019,1045]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">H. orbiculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFD78FB951E61FBF1" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[683,796,1053,1079]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFD78FB951E61FBF1" box="[683,796,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see comparison between 
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFB86FB951E2DFB9C" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">
H. kha- 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFD78FBCB1E2DFB9C" box="[683,848,1088,1114]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okhouayensis">okhouayensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and these two species above).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254BFFEBFD78FB2C1E0EFB06" blockId="14.[683,1198,1190,1731]" box="[683,883,1190,1217]" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFD78FB2C1E0EFB06" box="[683,883,1190,1217]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">Genetic analyses</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254BFFEBFD07FB4219D3F904" blockId="14.[683,1198,1190,1731]" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">
Complete nucleotide sequences of cytochrome 
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFCD8FB601E67FAC3" box="[779,794,1259,1285]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">b</emphasis>
(1,140 bp) were generated for the 
<specimenCount id="9D20FD25254BFFEBFD78FA861E28FAE1" box="[683,853,1293,1319]" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" type="generic">12 specimens</specimenCount>
studied (some nucleotides missing at the ends in two samples), and submitted to GenBank (Accession Numbers 
<accessionNumber id="9475AB4F254BFFEBFD3CFAFF1E05FA49" box="[751,888,1396,1423]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/DQ054805" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">DQ054805</accessionNumber>
, 
<accessionNumber id="9475AB4F254BFFEBFC5DFAFF1969FA49" box="[910,1044,1396,1423]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/DQ054807" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">DQ054807</accessionNumber>
– 
<accessionNumber id="9475AB4F254BFFEBFBF0FAFF19D7FA49" box="[1059,1194,1396,1423]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/DQ054816" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">DQ054816</accessionNumber>
, and 
<accessionNumber id="9475AB4F254BFFEBFD3BFA1D1E0CFA76" box="[744,881,1430,1456]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/DQ219421" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">DQ219421</accessionNumber>
). Base frequencies were similar to those reported for the gene in other species of bats with no significant differences among taxa (χ 
<superScript id="7C539BE4254BFFEBFC73FA731ED7F9CD" attach="left" box="[928,938,1528,1547]" fontSize="8" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">2</superScript>
= 3.66, 
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFBDCFA761948F9D1" box="[1039,1077,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">d.f.</emphasis>
= 33, 
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFB50FA7619E8F9D0" box="[1155,1173,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">P</emphasis>
= 1.0), with averages of A = 0.280, C = 0.332, G = 0.137, and T = 0.251. Tamura and Nei’s (1993) equal rates genetic distances be- tween outgroup and ingroup taxa averaged 14.5% (with 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254BFFEBFC9CF9221EA3F904" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[847,990,1704,1730]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diadema">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254BFFEBFC9CF9221EA3F904" box="[847,990,1704,1730]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="52">H. diadema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and 14% (with
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936AC254AFFF5FD7DFF2F1EE7FE83" blockId="15.[686,1199,163,1730]" lastBlockId="16.[683,1199,163,325]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254AFFEAFD7DFF2F1956FF26" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254AFFEAFD7DFF2F1E3CFF7B" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[686,833,164,189]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cervinus">H.cervinus</taxonomicName>
). Theyranged from 7.6 to 12.7% among ingroup species,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254AFFEAFBE9FF4D1EE6FEC4" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="61" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254AFFEAFBE9FF4D1FBAFEC4" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">excludingH</emphasis>
. khaokhouayensis
</taxonomicName>
. The shortest interspe- cific averagedistance(4.2%) 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254AFFEAFBC6FE801E5BFE80" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254AFFEAFBC6FE801FBAFE80" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">wasbetweenH</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B952EABE254AFFEAFD09FEA71E5BFE80" box="[730,806,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254AFFEAFCA3FEA61919FE80" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[880,1124,300,326]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254AFFEAFCA3FEA61919FE80" box="[880,1124,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">H. khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Distances withinspecies ranged from 0.4% in 
<emphasis id="B952EABE254AFFEAFD7DFEF91FBAFE4D" box="[686,711,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">H</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254AFFEAFD05FEFA1F8BFE09" authority="to 1.7 %in H. ridleyi (Table2). Of" authorityName="Of" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254AFFEAFD05FEFA1EE3FE4D" box="[726,926,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
to 1.7%in 
<emphasis id="B952EABE254AFFEAFBEAFEF919D3FE4D" box="[1081,1198,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
(Table2). Of
</taxonomicName>
the 1,140 bp, 806(71%) sites were constant andanother126 (11%) parsimony- uninformative. Ofthe208(18% oftotalsites) informative sites 31(15%) wereat 1st-codonpositions, eight(4%) at2nd posi- tions, and 169 (81%) at 3rd positions. The datasethad astrongphylogeneticsignalsincethedistributionoftherandomtreeswasskewedsignificantlyleft (g1 = -0.90; 
<emphasis id="B952EABE254AFFEAFD7DFD611FBDFCC5" box="[686,704,746,771]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">P</emphasis>
&lt;&lt; 0.01). Plotsofbothtransitionsandtranversions againstTamuraandNei’s(1993) distances showedsomesaturationat thelargestdistances, butwhenallsubstitu- tions wereplottedtogether, saturationwasnotapparent. Themaximumparsimonyandtransver- sionweighted parsimonyanalysesrendered the sameunique shortest treewithlengths of576 and1,764 steps, consistencyindexes(CI) of 0.68 and 0.83, and retentionin- dexes (RI) of 0.64 and 0.81, allrespective- ly. Bootstrapfrequencieswereabove85% (97% intransversionweightedparsimony) at allnodesexceptthe 
<emphasis id="B952EABE254AFFEAFC65FB4219D3FB24" box="[950,1198,1225,1251]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">onejoiningH. pomo-</emphasis>
na assister 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254AFFEAFC92FB6019E9FAC3" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[833,1172,1259,1285]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254AFFEAFC92FB6019E9FAC3" box="[833,1172,1259,1285]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">oftheancestorofH. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
+ 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254AFFEAFD7DFA851EE2FAE1" box="[686,927,1293,1319]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254AFFEAFD7DFA851EE2FAE1" box="[686,927,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">H. khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. InallfourBayesiananalyses the chainsconvergedquickly, andreachedalikelihood asymptotebefore20,000 generations.Thetopologyof the consensustreeofthesampledtrees,afterburn-inofthepre-asymptotetrees, wasidenticaltothetreeobtainedwith the searchesunderparsimony criteria. Posteriorprobabilitieswereall above0.95, ex- 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254AFFEAFD7DF9C91967F9BB" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE254AFFEAFD7DF9C9192BF99D" box="[686,1110,1601,1628]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">ceptthenodejoiningH. pomona</emphasis>
to 
<emphasis id="B952EABE254AFFEAFB59F9CA1EB8F9BB" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">thecommonancestorofH.</emphasis>
rotalis
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B952EABE254AFFEAFBF1F9E81913F9BB" box="[1058,1134,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">andH</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B952EABE254AFFEAFBA9F9E81E31F966" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="53">
kha- 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F254AFFEAFD7DF90D1E31F966" box="[686,844,1670,1696]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okhouayensis">okhouayensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, which appeared inonly 59% ofthetrees (Fig. 7). Members of the ingroup (all species ex- cept 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2555FFF5FF6FFF4D1C3AFF26" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1813" box="[188,327,198,224]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diadema">H. diadema</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2555FFF5FE57FF4D1F70FF19" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[388,525,198,223]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cervinus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2555FFF5FE57FF4D1F70FF19" box="[388,525,198,223]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="54">H. cervinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) were or- ganized in two sister clades. One contained the representatives of the two geographical populations of 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2555FFF5FE91FEA61CC6FE80" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[322,443,300,326]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2555FFF5FE91FEA61CC6FE80" box="[322,443,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="54">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as sisters, with their ancestor sister of 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2555FFF5FE70FEC41C86FEAE" authorityName="Templeton" authorityYear="1848" box="[419,507,335,360]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ater">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2555FFF5FE70FEC41C86FEAE" box="[419,507,335,360]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="54">H. ater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The other clade contained all other specimens in the ingroup. 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2555FFF5FF23FE181C10FE6A" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1834" box="[240,365,402,428]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2555FFF5FF23FE181C10FE6A" box="[240,365,402,428]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="54">H. bicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2555FFF5FE7EFE181F29FE6A" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1853" box="[429,596,403,428]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cineraceus">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2555FFF5FE7EFE181F29FE6A" box="[429,596,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="54">H. cineraceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ap- pear as sister species in a branch attached to the most basal node, sister to all remain- ing samples. In the crown of the clade, 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2555FFF5FF51FD971C7BFDF3" authorityName="K. Andersen" authorityYear="1918" box="[130,262,540,565]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pomona">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2555FFF5FF51FD971C7BFDF3" box="[130,262,540,565]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="54">H. pomona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears as sister to the ancestor of 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2555FFF5FF7DFDB51C50FD91" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[174,301,573,599]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2555FFF5FF7DFDB51C50FD91" box="[174,301,573,599]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="54">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2555FFF5FEADFDB51F00FD91" box="[382,637,573,599]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2555FFF5FEADFDB51F00FD91" box="[382,637,573,599]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="54">H. khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Samples of different populations of these two species appear as reciprocally mono- phyletic. Thus, it appears that 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2555FFF5FE31FD2F1F2CFD7B" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[482,593,675,701]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2555FFF5FE31FD2F1F2CFD7B" box="[482,593,675,701]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="54">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not a sister species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2555FFF5FE51FD4D1C8EFD26" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[386,499,710,736]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2555FFF5FE51FD4D1C8EFD26" box="[386,499,710,736]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="54">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and instead comes out as sister of 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2555FFF5FE45FD621FF8FCC4" box="[406,645,744,770]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khaokhouayensis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2555FFF5FE45FD621FF8FCC4" box="[406,645,744,770]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="54">H. khaokhouayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the best phylogenetic hypothesis obtained under the different optimisation criteria used (
<figureCitation id="131D2A292555FFF5FF1BFCC51C6DFCAF" box="[200,272,846,873]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[130,143,1626,1647]" captionTargetBox="[175,1159,921,1605]" captionTargetId="graphics@16.[174,858,933,1597]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 7. Topology of the best phylogenetic hypothesis found under all optimization criteria used, with bootstrap values for maximum and transversion weighted parsimony analyses (100,000 replicates, numbers below branches), and Bayesian posterior probabilities for the nodes (numbers above branches). Letters after species name indicate region of origin of the sample, as in Table 2" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3945027" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3945027/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="54">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). The hypothesis of monophyly of 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2555FFF5FD02FF2F1E3AFF7B" authorityName=", Francis et al." authorityYear="1999" box="[721,839,163,189]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2555FFF5FD02FF2F1E3AFF7B" box="[721,839,163,189]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="54">H. ridleyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2555FFF5FC45FF2F1971FF7B" authorityName="Guillén-Servent &amp; Francis" authorityYear="2006" box="[918,1036,163,189]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rotalis">
<emphasis id="B952EABE2555FFF5FC45FF2F1971FF7B" box="[918,1036,163,189]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="54">H. rotalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="B952EABE2555FFF5FB83FF2F1E34FF19" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2555FFF5FB83FF2F19D3FF7B" box="[1104,1198,163,189]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khacept">H. kha-</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C264D2F2555FFF5FD78FF4E1E34FF19" box="[683,841,197,223]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okhouayensis">okhouayensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
was rejected since no topolo- gy with a taxa partition including these three species only was found in the 99.9% credible set of trees.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>