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<document id="E681C3033249C4C271C1D1687A02ED52" ID-CLB-Dataset="92619" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2022.815.1749" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9a798cae-f10e-44c2-a65c-cdadbff28cb4" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6484153" ID-ZooBank="6AD0082E-7349-48DE-AFCA-1EE0BFBB3887" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1650913068508" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Vranken, Nathan, Steenberge, Maarten Van, Heylen, Annelies, Decru, Eva &amp; Snoeks, Jos" docDate="2022" docId="038F87A66144DA10FDF2555A2741F894" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-815_1-94.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 815" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.815.1749" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Haplochromis squamipinnis Regan 1921" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="73" masterDocId="FFB6FFDE6107DA58FFD257322629FC0A" masterDocTitle="From a pair to a dozen: the piscivorous species of Haplochromis (Cichlidae) from the Lake Edward system" masterLastPageNumber="94" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="68" updateTime="1699329164302" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="F833C9D3547D7C72EE52F26B204DF3DA">From a pair to a dozen: the piscivorous species of Haplochromis (Cichlidae) from the Lake Edward system</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="51E12167742F6F545F214375F1BDD413">Vranken, Nathan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D7A28FB7157AC8E167C869A3DBCC7276">Leuven, Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, Department of Biology, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. &amp; Royal Museum for Central Africa, Biology department, Section Vertebrates, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="193F7A4FD52373B555D881F852DF1743">Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Operational Directorate Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Vautierstraat 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium. &amp; Masaryk University, Department of Botany and Zoology, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="98001273AE05995C85DB0AE221835FFA">KU Leuven, Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, Department of Biology, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFDF2555A223AFE88" ID-CoL="6LB6Q" authority="Regan, 1921" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1921" box="[544,1043,616,643]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="squamipinnis">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFDF2555A255EFE88" bold="true" box="[544,887,616,643]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Haplochromis squamipinnis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B416144DA1BFCAD555B223AFE88" author="Regan C. T." box="[895,1043,616,643]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="632 - 639" refId="ref50123" refString="Regan C. T. 1921. The Cichlid fishes of Lakes Albert Edward and Kivu. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 9: 632 - 639. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932108632633" type="book chapter" year="1921">Regan, 1921</bibRefCitation>
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<subSubSection id="C33C653B6144DA1BFD5A55BE2585FEAD" box="[648,940,652,679]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9936B06144DA1BFD5A55BE2585FEAD" blockId="67.[544,1043,616,679]" box="[648,940,652,679]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<figureCitation id="131D2A356144DA1BFD5A55BE24D9FEAD" box="[648,752,652,679]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="5.[190,234,1822,1848]" captionStartId-1="6.[189,231,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox-0="[193,1398,734,1726]" captionTargetBox-1="[208,1335,272,1830]" captionTargetId-0="figure-217@5.[189,1399,730,1726]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@6.[208,1335,272,1830]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="Fig. 1. The Lake Edward system, consisting of Lakes Edward and George that are connected through the Kazinga Channel. The catch localities of all examined specimens are indicated: Haplochromis sp. latifrons (), H. mentatus Regan, 1925 (), H. sp. rex (), H. sp. simba (▼), H. sp. glaucus (), H. sp. aquila (), H. sp. kimondo (●), H. sp. falcatus (), H. sp. curvidens (), H. sp. pardus (), H. sp. quasimodo (▲), and H. squamipinnis Regan, 1921 (█). The type localities of H. mentatus and H. squamipinnis are not shown as the exact locations are unknown." captionText-1="Fig. 2. a. Differences in total number of outer teeth and premaxillary dentition between the macro- and microdontic groups of piscivores from the Lake Edward system.b. Schematic presentation of the dominant male colour patterns in life, in the various groups studied. For H. sp. latifrons the female and for H. sp. curvidens the non-dominant colour patterns are shown, as those of dominant males are unknown." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6484155" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6484157" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6484155/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6484157/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Figs 12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131D2A356144DA1BFD2E55BF2560FEAD" box="[764,841,653,679]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="68.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionStartId-1="70.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionStartId-2="71.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,1195,1859]" captionTargetBox-1="[272,1316,265,1845]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1393,1014,1868]" captionTargetId-0="figure-263@68.[189,1399,1195,1859]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@70.[272,1316,265,1846]" captionTargetId-2="figure-237@71.[188,1394,1014,1869]" captionTargetPageId-0="68" captionTargetPageId-1="70" captionTargetPageId-2="71" captionText-0="Fig. 38. Haplochromis squamipinnis Regan, 1921, holotype, ♀, 136.9 mm SL (NHMUK 1914.4.8.32). Drawn by N. Vranken." captionText-1="Fig. 39. Haplochromis squamipinnis Regan, 1921. a. Photograph of preserved holotype (NHMUK 1914.4.8.32; 136.9 mm SL). b. X-ray image of holotype. cd. Photographs of freshly caught specimens. c. Dominant male (RMCA 2016.035.P.0250; 169.7 mm SL). d. Female (RMCA 2016.035.P(HP823); 129.6 mm SL) to illustrate the live colour patterns. The contrast was slightly enhanced." captionText-2="Fig. 40. Haplochromis squamipinnis Regan, 1921 (RMCA 2016.035.P.0254; 182.0 mm SL). a. Dorsal view of the lower pharyngeal jaw. b. Lateral view of the lower pharyngeal jaw." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6484246" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6484248" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6484250" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6484246/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6484248/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/6484250/files/figure.png" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">3840</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="C6A4030B6144DA1BFC8755BE2585FEAD" box="[853,940,652,679]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[182,252,548,576]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Table 1. (continued on the next three pages). Measurements and counts of the piscivorous species of Haplochromis from the Lake Edward system." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF596638610EDA51FF6455162158FE4A" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" tableUuid="DF596638610EDA51FF6455162158FE4A">Table 1</tableCitation>
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<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFF6F55FD2422FEE3" box="[189,523,719,745]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Haplochromis squamipinnis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B416144DA1BFDC155FD24CEFEE3" author="Regan C. T." box="[531,743,719,745]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="632 - 639" refId="ref50123" refString="Regan C. T. 1921. The Cichlid fishes of Lakes Albert Edward and Kivu. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 9: 632 - 639. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932108632633" type="book chapter" year="1921">Regan, 1921: 636</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFF6F54232424FF21" box="[189,525,785,811]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Haplochromis squamipinnis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8710A16144DA1BFDFC54202508FF21" author="Trewavas E." box="[558,801,785,812]" page="338" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" year="1933">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B416144DA1BFDFC54202508FF21" author="Trewavas E." box="[558,801,785,812]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="309 - 341" refId="ref50639" refString="Trewavas E. 1933. Scientific results of the Cambridge expedition to the East African Lakes, 1930 - 1. The cichlid fishes. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 38: 309 - 341. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1933. tb 00062. x" type="journal article" year="1933">Trewavas 1933: 338</bibRefCitation>
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(redescription). —
<treatmentCitation id="0A8710A16144DA1BFBC254232335FF21" author="Greenwood P. H." box="[1040,1308,785,812]" page="204" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B416144DA1BFBC254232335FF21" author="Greenwood P. H." box="[1040,1308,785,812]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="139 - 242" refId="ref48850" refString="Greenwood P. H. 1973. A revision of the Haplochromis and related species (Pisces: Cichlidae) from Lake George, Uganda. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology 25: 139 - 242." type="journal article" year="1973">Greenwood 1973: 204</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 31 (redescription).
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<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFF6F54682405FF7E" ID-CoL="6LBYD" baseAuthorityName="Regan" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[189,556,858,884]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Harpagochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="squamipinnis">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFF6F54682405FF7E" box="[189,556,858,884]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Harpagochromis squamipinnis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8710A16144DA1BFD9B5468256DFF7E" author="Greenwood P. H." box="[585,836,858,884]" page="13" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B416144DA1BFD9B5468256DFF7E" author="Greenwood P. H." box="[585,836,858,884]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="1 - 101" refId="ref49003" refString="Greenwood P. H. 1980. Towards a phyletic classification of the ' genus' Haplochromis (Pisces, Cichlidae) and related taxa. Part II. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology 39: 1 - 101. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 13268" type="journal article" year="1980">Greenwood 1980: 13</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFF6F54AE27E0FFBC" bold="true" box="[189,457,924,950]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06144DA1BFF6F54FE26D1F858" blockId="67.[189,1400,971,1106]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Species with a piscivorous morphology; body rather deep [BD 32.439.3 (mean 35.7) % SL]; oral jaws very long [LJL 47.858.6 (52.7) % HL], narrow [LJW 32.644.7 (37.2) % LJL], and steep (gape inclination 3045°); outer oral teeth many and small [UOT 3979 (median 58)]; dominant males slate blue.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06144DA1BFF6F53492703F8D4" blockId="67.[187,1399,1147,1246]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
Amongst piscivorous species from the Lake Edward system,
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFCA7534E221EF89F" baseAuthorityName="Regan" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[885,1079,1147,1173]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Harpagochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="squamipinnis">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFCA7534E25A3F89F" box="[885,906,1148,1173]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFC4B534E221EF89F" box="[921,1079,1148,1173]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">squamipinnis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from all by presence vs absence of minute scales on proximal part of dorsal fin (rarely few scales present in
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFB1D5392235FF8B3" authority="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks, 2022" authorityName="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks" authorityYear="2022" box="[1231,1398,1183,1210]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quasimodo" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFB1D539222CDF8B3" box="[1231,1252,1184,1209]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFB2653AD235FF8B3" box="[1268,1398,1183,1209]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">quasimodo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26157D96144DA1BFF6D53F62734F8D4" box="[191,285,1220,1246]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06144DA1BFF6F52342341F986" blockId="67.[189,1399,1286,1421]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
It further differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFE1752352464F92A" authority="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks, 2022" authorityName="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks" authorityYear="2022" box="[453,589,1286,1312]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFE17523527F3F92A" box="[453,474,1287,1312]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFE3B52342464F92A" box="[489,589,1286,1312]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">latifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26157D96144DA1BFD8752342498F92A" box="[597,689,1286,1312]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFD3952352553F92A" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1925" box="[747,890,1286,1312]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mentatus">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFD3952352529F92A" box="[747,768,1287,1312]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFCDD52352553F92A" box="[783,890,1287,1312]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">mentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the combination of small vs large outer oral teeth, a larger number of outer upper jaw teeth [UOT 3979 (58) vs 2247 (2736)], a steeper gape (3045° vs 1530°), and a deeper body [BD 32.439.3 (35.7) vs 27.232.3 (28.631.2) % SL]; from
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFF6D52412765F986" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1925" box="[191,332,1395,1421]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mentatus">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFF6D524126FBF986" box="[191,210,1395,1420]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFF3352412765F986" box="[225,332,1395,1420]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">mentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by dominant males uniformly slate blue vs yellow-green with a red anterior part of flank.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06144DA1BFF6F528724E7FAA3" blockId="67.[188,1401,1461,1705]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
It further differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFE1152842425F9C5" authority="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks, 2022" authorityName="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks" authorityYear="2022" box="[451,524,1461,1487]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rex" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFE11528427F1F9C5" box="[451,472,1462,1487]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFE3552842425F9C5" box="[487,524,1462,1487]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">rex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26157D96144DA1BFDC65287245BF9C5" box="[532,626,1461,1487]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFDAC528424C0F9C5" authority="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks, 2022" authorityName="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks" authorityYear="2022" box="[638,745,1461,1487]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFDAC528424BAF9C5" box="[638,659,1462,1487]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFD70528724C0F9C5" box="[674,745,1461,1487]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">simba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26157D96144DA1BFD2352872566F9C5" box="[753,847,1461,1487]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFC89528425F2F9C5" authority="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks, 2022" authorityName="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks" authorityYear="2022" box="[859,987,1461,1487]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaucus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFC8952842559F9C5" box="[859,880,1462,1487]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFCAD528725F2F9C5" box="[895,987,1461,1487]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">glaucus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26157D96144DA1BFC3152872269F9C5" box="[995,1088,1461,1487]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFBAD528422C6F9C5" authority="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks, 2022" authorityName="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks" authorityYear="2022" box="[1151,1263,1461,1487]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aquila" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFBAD528422BDF9C5" box="[1151,1172,1462,1487]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFB71528722C6F9C5" box="[1187,1263,1461,1487]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">aquila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26157D96144DA1BFB255287237BF9C5" box="[1271,1362,1461,1487]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by the combination of small vs large outer oral teeth, a larger number of outer upper jaw teeth [UOT 3979 (58) vs 2247 (2736)], and dominant males uniformly slate blue vs cream-coloured with an orange operculum, yellow with an orange anterior part of flank, light blue with a dusky to black head, or light grey with a black head, respectively; further from
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFCCF5175254FFA6A" authority="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks, 2022" authorityName="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks" authorityYear="2022" box="[797,870,1606,1632]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rex" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFCCF51752519FA6A" box="[797,816,1607,1632]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFC935175254FFA6A" box="[833,870,1607,1632]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">rex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26157D96144DA1BFCA0517425F8FA6A" box="[882,977,1606,1632]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFC0D51752263FA6A" authority="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks, 2022" authorityName="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks" authorityYear="2022" box="[991,1098,1606,1632]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFC0D517525DBFA6A" box="[991,1010,1607,1632]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFBD151742263FA6A" box="[1027,1098,1606,1632]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">simba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26157D96144DA1BFB875174229CFA6A" box="[1109,1205,1606,1632]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFB245175235FFA6A" authority="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks, 2022" authorityName="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks" authorityYear="2022" box="[1270,1398,1606,1632]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glaucus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFB2451752320FA6A" box="[1270,1289,1607,1632]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFAC85174235FFA6A" box="[1306,1398,1606,1632]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">glaucus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26157D96144DA1BFF6F51592733FA8F" box="[189,282,1643,1669]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by a steeper gape (3045° vs 1530°); further from
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFC455159222EFA8E" authority="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks, 2022" authorityName="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks" authorityYear="2022" box="[919,1031,1642,1669]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aquila" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFC4551592583FA8E" box="[919,938,1643,1668]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFC695158222EFA8E" box="[955,1031,1642,1668]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">aquila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26157D96144DA1BFBC151592259FA8F" box="[1043,1136,1643,1669]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by a smaller eye [ED 23.129.7 (26.6) vs 30.031.5 (30.6) % HL].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06144DA1BFF6F51E3278CFBE2" blockId="67.[189,1400,1745,2025]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
It further differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFE1851E0247CFAE1" authority="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks, 2022" authorityName="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks" authorityYear="2022" box="[458,597,1745,1771]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kimondo" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFE1851E027F6FAE1" box="[458,479,1746,1771]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFE3C51E3247CFAE1" box="[494,597,1745,1771]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">kimondo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26157D96144DA1BFD8C51E32493FAE1" box="[606,698,1745,1771]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by a concave to straight vs convex dorsal outline of head, a gentler snout inclination (3040° vs 4050°), and dominant males slate blue vs grey dorsally and yellow ventrally; further from
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFDE65028249EFB39" authority="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks, 2022" authorityName="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks" authorityYear="2022" box="[564,695,1817,1844]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="falcatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFDE650282461FB39" box="[564,584,1818,1843]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFD8A502B249EFB39" box="[600,695,1817,1843]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">falcatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26157D96144DA1BFD1050282509FB3E" box="[706,800,1818,1844]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by a shorter head [HL 35.136.9 (36.0) vs 36.6 39.6 (38.2) % SL] and dominant males slate blue vs olive-green with an orange-red anterior part of flank; further from
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFE7A5050246BFB76" authority="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks, 2022" authorityName="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks" authorityYear="2022" box="[424,578,1890,1916]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curvidens" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFE7A50502794FB71" box="[424,445,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFE1C5050246BFB76" box="[462,578,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">curvidens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26157D96144DA1BFD9F50502482FB76" box="[589,683,1890,1916]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFD3A50502576FB76" authority="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks, 2022" authorityName="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks" authorityYear="2022" box="[744,863,1890,1916]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pardus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFD3A505024D5FB71" box="[744,764,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFCDF50502576FB76" box="[781,863,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">pardus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26157D96144DA1BFCB8505025EEFB76" box="[874,967,1890,1916]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by a deeper cheek [ChD 24.936.0 (29.0) vs 20.824.9 (22.523.2) % HL]; further from
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336144DA1BFC9550B52597FBAA" authority="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks, 2022" authorityName="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks" authorityYear="2022" box="[839,958,1926,1952]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pardus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFC9550B52572FBAA" box="[839,859,1927,1952]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26144DA1BFCBE50B42597FBAA" box="[876,958,1926,1952]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">pardus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26157D96144DA1BFC1550B4220CFBAA" box="[967,1061,1926,1952]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by a larger adult size (max. 211 vs
<quantity id="4CDE9B556144DA1BFEC750982740FBCF" box="[277,361,1962,1989]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="96.0">96 mm</quantity>
SL) and colour pattern of small specimens (&lt;
<quantity id="4CDE9B556144DA1BFC4E509825D6FBCF" box="[924,1023,1962,1989]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 mm</quantity>
SL) light coloured vs speckled to uniformly black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06143DA1CFF6F563827F6FD86" blockId="68.[188,1401,265,396]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
It differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336143DA1CFEBB56382426FD29" authority="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks, 2022" authorityName="Vranken &amp; Steenberge &amp; Heylen &amp; Decru &amp; Snoeks" authorityYear="2022" box="[361,527,265,292]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quasimodo" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26143DA1CFEBB56382757FD29" box="[361,382,266,291]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26143DA1CFE5F563B2426FD29" box="[397,527,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">quasimodo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26157D96143DA1CFDC456382458FD2E" box="[534,625,266,292]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by the combination of a broader interorbital area [IOW 48.655.6 (51.9) vs 40.548.7 (43.9) % HW], a longer lower jaw [LJL 47.858.6 (52.5) vs 44.249.6 (47.1) % HL], a steeper gape inclination (3045° vs 2035°), and dominant males slate blue vs light grey dorsally and blue-black ventrally.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C653B6143DA1CFF6F56862257FE2A" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9936B06143DA1CFF6F5686276DFDC4" blockId="68.[189,324,436,462]" box="[189,324,436,462]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<heading id="D0D181DC6143DA1CFF6F5686276DFDC4" bold="true" box="[189,324,436,462]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26143DA1CFF6F5686276DFDC4" bold="true" box="[189,324,436,462]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06143DA1CFF6F56D02257FE2A" blockId="68.[189,1401,482,544]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
Specific name not explained in original description, from the Latin
<emphasis id="B952EAA26143DA1CFC3B56D12278FDF6" box="[1001,1105,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">squamus</emphasis>
for scale, and
<emphasis id="B952EAA26143DA1CFAF456D12347FDF6" box="[1318,1390,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">pinnis</emphasis>
for fin; probably referring to minute scales on basal parts of dorsal and anal fins.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C653B6143DA1DFF6F55752709FF33" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9936B06143DA1CFF6F55752783FE6B" blockId="68.[189,426,583,609]" box="[189,426,583,609]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<heading id="D0D181DC6143DA1CFF6F55752783FE6B" bold="true" box="[189,426,583,609]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26143DA1CFF6F55752783FE6B" bold="true" box="[189,426,583,609]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06143DA1CFF38554424CAFEDC" blockId="68.[189,1399,630,727]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CED6143DA1CFF38554424CAFEDC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861203400" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="H. Schubotz" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" specimenCode="NHMUK 1914.4.8.32" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lake Edward" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26143DA1CFF3855442775FE9A" bold="true" box="[234,348,630,656]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<typeStatus id="549D88126143DA1CFF3855442775FE9A" box="[234,348,630,656]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F33176206143DA1CFF6F55AB24C0FEB9" box="[189,745,665,691]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO</collectingCountry>
(most likely) •
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396143DA1CFC4E55AB25EEFEB9" box="[924,967,665,691]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CDE9B556143DA1CFC0755AB2265FEB9" box="[981,1100,665,691]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.369" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="136.9">136.9 mm</quantity>
SL;
<collectingRegion id="49E2F8526143DA1CFB5055AB230BFEB9" box="[1154,1314,665,691]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Lake Edward</collectingRegion>
; 1907 1908;
<collectorName id="26D353666143DA1CFED5558F27B1FEDC" box="[263,408,700,727]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">H. Schubotz</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="DB809ECB6143DA1CFE08558F24F6FEDC" box="[474,735,700,727]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">NHMUK 1914.4.8.32</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06143DA1CFF3855CF24AEF83B" blockId="68.[189,1399,765,1074]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CED6143DA1CFF3855CF229AFF54" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861203321" collectingDate="1935-05-16" collectionCode="IRSNB" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" latitude="-0.39466667" location="Bugazia" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.383888" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" specimenCode="IRSNB 12939" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lake Edward">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26143DA1CFF3855CF278FFF1D" bold="true" box="[234,422,765,791]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Other material</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F33176206143DA1CFF6F541324D1FF31" box="[189,760,801,827]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396143DA1CFCC55413256FFF31" box="[791,838,801,827]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CDE9B556143DA1CFC8A541325EAFF31" box="[856,963,801,828]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.59" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="75.9">75.9 mm</quantity>
SL; “Lac Edouard: Bugazia” [
<collectingRegion id="49E2F8526143DA1CFAEB54132734FF54" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Lake Edward</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="8EF9606B6143DA1CFEF4547127A4FF54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87A66144DA10FDF2555A2741F894:8EF9606B6143DA1CFEF4547127A4FF54" box="[294,397,835,862]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" latitude="-0.39466667" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.383888" name="Bugazia" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" stateProvince="Lake Edward">Bugazia</location>
];
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776143DA1CFE4C5470241AFF54" box="[414,563,834,862]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" precision="1" seconds="40.8" value="-0.39466667">0°2340.8″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776143DA1CFDED547024CAFF55" box="[575,739,834,863]" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" precision="1" seconds="02.0" value="29.383888">29°2302.0″ E</geoCoordinate>
(inferred);
<date id="FF9810706143DA1CFCB55476222DFF55" box="[871,1028,836,863]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="1935-05-16">
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9986143DA1CFCB55476222DFF55" box="[871,1028,836,863]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="1935-05-16">16 May 1935</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<specimenCode id="DB809ECB6143DA1CFBDC5476229AFF54" box="[1038,1203,836,862]" collectionCode="IRSNB" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7r2-61q8" name="Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">IRSNB 12939</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CED6143DA1CFB1B54762576FFAF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861203325" collectingDate="1953-04-23" collectionCode="IRSNB" collectorName="KEA exped." country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" latitude="-0.51805556" location="Talia River" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="29.340557" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" specimenCode="IRSNB 13475" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lake Edward">
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396143DA1CFB1B547622DFFF55" box="[1225,1270,836,863]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CDE9B556143DA1CFAD35476235EFF55" box="[1281,1399,836,863]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.684" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="168.4">168.4 mm</quantity>
SL; “Lac Edouard: au large de la riv. Talia” [
<collectingRegion id="49E2F8526143DA1CFD6754552571FF8B" box="[693,856,871,897]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Lake Edward</collectingRegion>
: offshore
<location id="8EF9606B6143DA1CFC1554552266FF88" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87A66144DA10FDF2555A2741F894:8EF9606B6143DA1CFC1554552266FF88" box="[967,1103,871,898]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" latitude="-0.51805556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="29.340557" name="Talia River" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" stateProvince="Lake Edward">Talia River</location>
];
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776143DA1CFB8D545422F7FF8B" box="[1119,1246,870,898]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" precision="15" seconds="05" value="-0.51805556">0°3105″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776143DA1CFB3B5454235FFF88" box="[1257,1398,870,898]" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" precision="15" seconds="26" value="29.340557">29°2026″ E</geoCoordinate>
(inferred);
<date id="FF9810706143DA1CFEEF54B827F0FFAF" box="[317,473,906,933]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="1953-04-23">
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9986143DA1CFEEF54B827F0FFAF" box="[317,473,906,933]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="1953-04-23">23 Apr. 1953</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26D353666143DA1CFE3454B9245FFFAE" box="[486,630,906,933]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">KEA exped.</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="DB809ECB6143DA1CFD6A54B82576FFAF" box="[696,863,906,933]" collectionCode="IRSNB" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7r2-61q8" name="Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">IRSNB 13475</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CED6143DA1CFCAB54B824EAFFE1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861203319" collectingDate="1953-05-25" collectionCode="IRSNB" collectorName="KEA exped." country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" latitude="-0.49499997" location="Kigera River" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="29.637222" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" specimenCode="IRSNB 13477" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lake Edward">
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396143DA1CFCAB54B8258CFFAF" box="[889,933,906,933]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CDE9B556143DA1CFC6654B82205FFAF" box="[948,1068,906,933]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.677" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="167.7">167.7 mm</quantity>
SL; “Lac Edouard: au large de la riv. Kigera” [
<collectingRegion id="49E2F8526143DA1CFE45549F2414FFCD" box="[407,573,941,967]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Lake Edward</collectingRegion>
: offshore of the
<location id="8EF9606B6143DA1CFD2C549F25B7FFC2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87A66144DA10FDF2555A2741F894:8EF9606B6143DA1CFD2C549F25B7FFC2" box="[766,926,941,968]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" latitude="-0.49499997" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="29.637222" name="Kigera River" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" stateProvince="Lake Edward">Kigera River</location>
];
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776143DA1CFC63549E221AFFC2" box="[945,1075,940,968]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" precision="15" seconds="42" value="-0.49499997">0°2942″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776143DA1CFB92549E22F8FFC2" box="[1088,1233,940,968]" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" precision="15" seconds="14" value="29.637222">29°3814″ E</geoCoordinate>
(inferred);
<date id="FF9810706143DA1CFA8B549F2710FFE6" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="1953-05-25">
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9986143DA1CFA8B549F2710FFE6" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="1953-05-25">25 May 1953</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26D353666143DA1CFE9454E327FEFFE1" box="[326,471,977,1003]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">KEA exped.</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="DB809ECB6143DA1CFDC954E324EAFFE1" box="[539,707,977,1003]" collectionCode="IRSNB" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7r2-61q8" name="Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">IRSNB 13477</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CED6143DA1CFD0C54E324AAF83B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861203396" collectingDate="1953-06-01" collectionCode="IRSNB" collectorName="KEA exped." country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" latitude="-0.19416668" location="Kiavinionge" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="29.541945" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" specimenCode="IRSNB 13482" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lake Edward">
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396143DA1CFD0C54E32525FFE1" box="[734,780,977,1003]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CDE9B556143DA1CFCC954E325BDFFE1" box="[795,916,977,1004]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.105" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="210.5">210.5 mm</quantity>
SL; “Lac Edouard:
<quantity id="4CDE9B556143DA1CFB5654E322F7FFE1" box="[1156,1246,977,1003]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="km" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">23 km</quantity>
à lOuest de Kiavinionge” [
<collectingRegion id="49E2F8526143DA1CFEB854C62439F804" box="[362,528,1012,1038]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Lake Edward</collectingRegion>
:
<locationDeviation id="9A2B2F926143DA1CFDC954C6249AF805" box="[539,691,1012,1039]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<quantity id="4CDE9B556143DA1CFDC954C6245CF804" box="[539,629,1012,1038]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="km" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">23 km</quantity>
west
</locationDeviation>
of
<location id="8EF9606B6143DA1CFD0E54C1255DF804" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87A66144DA10FDF2555A2741F894:8EF9606B6143DA1CFD0E54C1255DF804" box="[732,884,1011,1038]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" latitude="-0.19416668" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="29.541945" name="Kiavinionge" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" stateProvince="Lake Edward">Kiavinionge</location>
];
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776143DA1CFC5554C02221F804" box="[903,1032,1010,1038]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" precision="15" seconds="39" value="-0.19416668">0°1139″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776143DA1CFBC454C0228EF805" box="[1046,1191,1010,1039]" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" precision="15" seconds="31" value="29.541945">29°3231″ E</geoCoordinate>
(inferred);
<date id="FF9810706143DA1CFAFD54C626D2F838" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="1953-06-01">
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9986143DA1CFAFD54C626D2F838" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" value="1953-06-01">1 Jun. 1953</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26D353666143DA1CFED5532527BEF83B" box="[263,407,1047,1073]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">KEA exped.</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="DB809ECB6143DA1CFE0B532524AAF83B" box="[473,643,1047,1073]" collectionCode="IRSNB" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7r2-61q8" name="Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">IRSNB 13482</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5966386143DA1CFF6F509927EEFBE2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6484246" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6484246" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6484246/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" startId="68.[189,232,1963,1989]" targetBox="[189,1398,1195,1859]" targetPageId="68">
<paragraph id="8B9936B06143DA1CFF6F509927EEFBE2" blockId="68.[189,1399,1963,2025]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26143DA1CFF6F50992733FBCF" bold="true" box="[189,282,1963,1989]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 38.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336143DA1CFEF350992527FBCF" authority="Regan, 1921" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1921" box="[289,782,1963,1990]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="squamipinnis">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26143DA1CFEF350992446FBCF" box="[289,623,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Haplochromis squamipinnis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B416143DA1CFDA5509E2527FBCF" author="Regan C. T." box="[631,782,1963,1990]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" pagination="632 - 639" refId="ref50123" refString="Regan C. T. 1921. The Cichlid fishes of Lakes Albert Edward and Kivu. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 9: 632 - 639. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932108632633" type="book chapter" year="1921">Regan, 1921</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype, ♀, 136.9 mm SL (NHMUK 1914.4.8.32). Drawn by N. Vranken.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06142DA1DFF6F563B2709FF33" blockId="69.[189,1399,263,825]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CED6142DA1DFF6F563B22EFFD4D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861203328" collectingDate="2016-10-23" collectionCode="RMCA" collectorName="HIPE 1 exped." country="Uganda" elevation="20" latitude="-0.2" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.793999" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCode="RMCA 2016.035.P.0235, RMCA 2016.035.P.0238" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Lake Edward">
<collectingCountry id="F33176206142DA1DFF6F563B2715FD29" box="[189,316,265,291]" name="Uganda" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">UGANDA</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="B952EAA26142DA1DFE8D563B2424FD29" bold="true" box="[351,525,265,291]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<collectingRegion id="49E2F8526142DA1DFE8D563B2424FD29" box="[351,525,265,291]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Lake Edward</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396142DA1DFDF7563B2441FD29" box="[549,616,265,291]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
, 110.9,
<quantity id="4CDE9B556142DA1DFD15563B2517FD29" box="[711,830,265,291]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.174" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="117.4">117.4 mm</quantity>
SL;
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFCA456352239FD29" box="[886,1040,263,291]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="00.0" value="-0.2">0°1200.0″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFBCF563522E1FD29" box="[1053,1224,263,291]" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="38.4" value="29.793999">29°4738.4″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="FF9810706142DA1DFB06563B2358FD29" box="[1236,1393,265,291]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2016-10-23">
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9986142DA1DFB06563B2358FD29" box="[1236,1393,265,291]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2016-10-23">23 Oct. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26D353666142DA1DFF6F561F274DFD4C" box="[189,356,300,327]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">HIPE1 exped.</collectorName>
leg.; deep catch, open water ±
<quantity id="4CDE9B556142DA1DFD02561F2522FD4D" box="[720,779,301,327]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="20.0">
<elevation id="000BD1836142DA1DFD02561F2522FD4D" box="[720,779,301,327]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep;
<specimenCode id="DB809ECB6142DA1DFC8A561F22EFFD4D" box="[856,1222,300,327]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMCA 2016.035.P.0235, 0238</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CED6142DA1DFB0F561F24FCFD84" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861203402" collectingDate="2016-11-09" collectionCode="RMCA" collectorName="HIPE 1 exped." country="Uganda" latitude="-0.40444446" location="Rwenshama" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.773556" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCode="RMCA 2016.035.P.0251, RMCA 2016.035.P.0254" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Lake Edward">
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396142DA1DFB0F561F2308FD4D" box="[1245,1313,301,327]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
, 182.0,
<quantity id="4CDE9B556142DA1DFF6F5662271FFD61" box="[189,310,336,363]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.114" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="211.4">211.4 mm</quantity>
SL;
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFEA0567D2424FD60" box="[370,525,335,363]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="16.0" value="-0.40444446">0°2416.0″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFDCE567D24E0FD61" box="[540,713,335,363]" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="24.8" value="29.773556">29°4624.8″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="FF9810706142DA1DFD0556622546FD60" box="[727,879,336,363]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2016-11-09">
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9986142DA1DFD0556622546FD60" box="[727,879,336,363]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2016-11-09">9 Nov. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26D353666142DA1DFCAE5662220CFD60" box="[892,1061,336,362]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">HIPE1 exped.</collectorName>
leg.; bought at
<location id="8EF9606B6142DA1DFB375662235FFD60" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87A66144DA10FDF2555A2741F894:8EF9606B6142DA1DFB375662235FFD60" box="[1253,1398,336,362]" country="Uganda" latitude="-0.40444446" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.773556" name="Rwenshama" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Lake Edward">Rwenshama</location>
landing site;
<specimenCode id="DB809ECB6142DA1DFE8C564624FCFD84" box="[350,725,371,398]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMCA 2016.035.P.0251, 0254</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CED6142DA1DFD2156462431FDDF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861203403" collectingDate="2017-03-23" collectionCode="RMCA" collectorName="HIPE 2 exped." country="Uganda" latitude="-0.204" location="Kazinga Channel" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.877" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCode="RMCA 2017.006.P.0375, RMCA 2017.006.P.0377, RMCA 2017.006.P.0379" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lake Edward">
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396142DA1DFD215646250DFD84" box="[755,804,372,398]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396142DA1DFCE656462553FD84" box="[820,890,372,398]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CDE9B556142DA1DFC5E56412273FD84" box="[908,1114,371,398]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.629" metricValueMax="1.773" metricValueMin="1.4849999999999999" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="162.9" valueMax="177.3" valueMin="148.5">148.5177.3 mm</quantity>
SL; mouth of
<location id="8EF9606B6142DA1DFAC15646270DFDBB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87A66144DA10FDF2555A2741F894:8EF9606B6142DA1DFAC15646270DFDBB" country="Uganda" latitude="-0.204" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.877" name="Kazinga Channel" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Lake Edward">Kazinga Channel</location>
, hard substrate;
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFE2B56A424A4FDB8" box="[505,653,406,434]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="14.4" value="-0.204">0°1214.4″S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFD4D56A42579FDB8" box="[671,848,406,434]" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="37.2" value="29.877">29°5237.2″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="FF9810706142DA1DFCB156A5223BFDBB" box="[867,1042,407,434]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2017-03-23">
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9986142DA1DFCB156A5223BFDBB" box="[867,1042,407,434]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2017-03-23">23 Mar. 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26D353666142DA1DFBF756A522FBFDBB" box="[1061,1234,407,433]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">HIPE2 exped.</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="DB809ECB6142DA1DFAF356A52431FDDF" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMCA 2017.006.P.0375, 0377, 0379</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CED6142DA1DFDFC568925B1FDF3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861203364" collectingDate="2017-03-25" collectionCode="RMCA" collectorName="HIPE 2 exped." country="Uganda" latitude="-0.40158334" location="Rwenshama" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.776417" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCode="RMCA 2017.006.P.0385" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lake Edward">
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396142DA1DFDFC56892473FDDF" box="[558,602,443,469]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CDE9B556142DA1DFDB4568924F4FDDF" box="[614,733,443,470]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.054" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="105.4">105.4 mm</quantity>
SL;
<location id="8EF9606B6142DA1DFCC15689258CFDDF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87A66144DA10FDF2555A2741F894:8EF9606B6142DA1DFCC15689258CFDDF" box="[787,933,443,469]" country="Uganda" latitude="-0.40158334" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.776417" name="Rwenshama" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Lake Edward">Rwenshama</location>
rocky shore;
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFB96568B22F5FDDF" box="[1092,1244,441,469]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="05.7" value="-0.40158334">0°2405.7″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFB35568B26FBFDF3" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="35.1" value="29.776417">29°4635.1″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="FF9810706142DA1DFF0C56EC27A9FDF3" box="[222,384,478,505]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2017-03-25">
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9986142DA1DFF0C56EC27A9FDF3" box="[222,384,478,505]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2017-03-25">25 Mar. 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26D353666142DA1DFE5956ED241BFDF2" box="[395,562,478,505]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">HIPE2 exped.</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="DB809ECB6142DA1DFDA656ED25B1FDF3" box="[628,920,478,505]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMCA 2017.006.P.0385</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CED6142DA1DFC6256ED22C0FE16" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861203322" collectingDate="2018-01-21" collectionCode="RMCA" collectorName="HIPE 3 exped." country="Uganda" latitude="-0.092" location="Kayanja" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.758417" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCode="RMCA 2018.008.P.0368" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lake Edward">
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396142DA1DFC6256ED25F5FDF3" box="[944,988,479,505]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CDE9B556142DA1DFC3856ED2248FDF3" box="[1002,1121,479,505]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.132" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="113.2">113.2 mm</quantity>
SL;
<location id="8EF9606B6142DA1DFB4B56EC2329FDF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87A66144DA10FDF2555A2741F894:8EF9606B6142DA1DFB4B56EC2329FDF2" box="[1177,1280,478,504]" country="Uganda" latitude="-0.092" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="29.758417" name="Kayanja" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Lake Edward">Kayanja</location>
, offshore;
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFF6F55322770FE16" box="[189,345,512,540]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="31.2" value="-0.092">0°0531.2″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFEB55532243CFE17" box="[359,533,512,541]" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="30.3" value="29.758417">29°4530.3″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="FF9810706142DA1DFDF1553024E8FE16" box="[547,705,514,541]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2018-01-21">
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9986142DA1DFDF1553024E8FE16" box="[547,705,514,541]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2018-01-21">21 Jan. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26D353666142DA1DFD1C55302551FE16" box="[718,888,514,540]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">HIPE3 exped.</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="DB809ECB6142DA1DFC6C553022C0FE16" box="[958,1257,514,540]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMCA 2018.008.P.0368</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CED6142DA1DFADF55302548FE6E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861203349" collectingDate="2016-10-28" collectionCode="RMCA" collectorName="HIPE 1 exped." country="Uganda" latitude="-0.136" location="Queen Elisabeth Bush Lodge" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.041" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCode="RMCA 2016.035.P.0244" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Kazinga Channel">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26142DA1DFADF55302700FE35" bold="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<collectingRegion id="49E2F8526142DA1DFADF55302700FE35" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Kazinga Channel</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396142DA1DFE945514275EFE4A" box="[326,375,550,576]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CDE9B556142DA1DFE54551427D6FE4A" box="[390,511,550,576]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.113" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="111.3">111.3 mm</quantity>
SL; near
<location id="8EF9606B6142DA1DFDA8551425CBFE4A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87A66144DA10FDF2555A2741F894:8EF9606B6142DA1DFDA8551425CBFE4A" box="[634,994,550,576]" country="Uganda" latitude="-0.136" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.041" name="Queen Elisabeth Bush Lodge" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Kazinga Channel">Queen Elisabeth Bush Lodge</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFC22551622A5FE4A" box="[1008,1164,548,576]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="09.6" value="-0.136">0°0809.6″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFB4E55162363FE4A" box="[1180,1354,548,576]" degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="27.6" value="30.041">30°0227.6″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="FF9810706142DA1DFA8B55142711FE69" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2016-10-28">
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9986142DA1DFA8B55142711FE69" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2016-10-28">28 Oct. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26D353666142DA1DFE94557B27C6FE69" box="[326,495,585,611]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">HIPE1 exped.</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="DB809ECB6142DA1DFDE4557B2548FE6E" box="[566,865,585,612]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMCA 2016.035.P.0244</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CED6142DA1DFC55557B231AFE8D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861203361" collectingDate="2017-03-28" collectionCode="RMCA" collectorName="HIPE 2 exped." country="Uganda" latitude="-0.024083335" location="Akika Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.16061" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCode="RMCA 2017.006.P.0387" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lake George">
<collectingRegion id="49E2F8526142DA1DFC55557B2204FE69" box="[903,1069,585,611]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26142DA1DFC55557B2204FE69" bold="true" box="[903,1069,585,611]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Lake George</emphasis>
</collectingRegion>
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396142DA1DFB9A557B2251FE6E" box="[1096,1144,585,612]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CDE9B556142DA1DFB55557B22DBFE6E" box="[1159,1266,585,612]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.07" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="80.7">80.7 mm</quantity>
SL;
<location id="8EF9606B6142DA1DFAFC557B2723FE8D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87A66144DA10FDF2555A2741F894:8EF9606B6142DA1DFAFC557B2723FE8D" country="Uganda" latitude="-0.024083335" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.16061" name="Akika Island" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Lake George">Akika Island</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFEC455592799FE8D" box="[278,432,619,647]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="26.7" value="-0.024083335">0°0126.7″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFE6F55592441FE8D" box="[445,616,619,647]" degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="38.2" value="30.16061">30°0938.2″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="FF9810706142DA1DFDA7555F253EFE8D" box="[629,791,621,647]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2017-03-28">
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9986142DA1DFDA7555F253EFE8D" box="[629,791,621,647]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2017-03-28">28 Mar. 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26D353666142DA1DFCF1555F25E2FE8D" box="[803,971,621,647]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">HIPE2 exped.</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="DB809ECB6142DA1DFBDF555F231AFE8D" box="[1037,1331,621,647]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMCA 2017.006.P.0387</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CED6142DA1DFA99555F27AFFEC4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861203355" collectingDate="2017-03-29" collectionCode="RMCA" collectorName="HIPE 2 exped." country="Uganda" latitude="-0.024083335" location="Akika Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.16061" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCode="RMCA 2017.006.P.0398" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lake George">
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396142DA1DFA99555F235EFE8D" box="[1355,1399,621,647]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<quantity id="4CDE9B556142DA1DFF1455A2271BFEA1" box="[198,306,656,683]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.09" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="90.9">90.9 mm</quantity>
SL);
<location id="8EF9606B6142DA1DFEA755A2243AFEA0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87A66144DA10FDF2555A2741F894:8EF9606B6142DA1DFEA755A2243AFEA0" box="[373,531,656,682]" country="Uganda" latitude="-0.024083335" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.16061" name="Akika Island" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Lake George">Akika Island</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFDF255BD2492FEA0" box="[544,699,655,683]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="26.7" value="-0.024083335">0°0126.7″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFD1B55BD255CFEA1" box="[713,885,655,683]" degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="38.2" value="30.16061">30°0938.2″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="FF9810706142DA1DFC5155A2220EFEA0" box="[899,1063,656,683]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2017-03-29">
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9986142DA1DFC5155A2220EFEA0" box="[899,1063,656,683]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2017-03-29">29 Mar. 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26D353666142DA1DFBE655A222F4FEA0" box="[1076,1245,656,682]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">HIPE2 exped.</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="DB809ECB6142DA1DFAF355A227AFFEC4" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMCA 2017.006.P.0398</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CED6142DA1DFE765586254AFEFB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861203399" collectingDate="2018-02-02" collectionCode="RMCA" collectorName="HIPE 3 exped." country="Uganda" latitude="-0.08116667" location="Kashaka bay" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.179806" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCode="RMCA 2018.008.P.0369" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lake George">
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396142DA1DFE76558627FCFEC4" box="[420,469,692,718]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="4CDE9B556142DA1DFE3755862449FEC4" box="[485,608,692,718]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8009999999999997" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="180.1">180.1 mm</quantity>
SL;
<location id="8EF9606B6142DA1DFD4D55862515FEC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87A66144DA10FDF2555A2741F894:8EF9606B6142DA1DFD4D55862515FEC4" box="[671,828,692,718]" country="Uganda" latitude="-0.08116667" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.179806" name="Kashaka bay" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Lake George">Kashaka bay</location>
, north of inlet;
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFC2C558022B3FEC4" box="[1022,1178,690,718]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="52.2" value="-0.08116667">0°0452.2″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFB7855802371FEC4" box="[1194,1368,690,718]" degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="47.3" value="30.179806">30°1047.3″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="FF9810706142DA1DFABA55862713FEF8" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2018-02-02">
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9986142DA1DFABA55862713FEF8" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2018-02-02">2 Feb. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26D353666142DA1DFE9B55EA27DAFEFB" box="[329,499,727,754]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">HIPE3 exped.</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="DB809ECB6142DA1DFDE955EA254AFEFB" box="[571,867,727,754]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMCA 2018.008.P.0369</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CED6142DA1DFC5255EA2735FF33" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3861203368" collectingDate="2018-02-02" collectionCode="RMCA" collectorName="HIPE 3 exped." country="Uganda" latitude="-0.08116667" location="Kashaka bay" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.179806" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCode="RMCA 2018.008.P.0371, RMCA 2018.008.P.0372" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Lake George">
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396142DA1DFC5255EA25EFFEF8" box="[896,966,728,754]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
, 77.6,
<quantity id="4CDE9B556142DA1DFBCE55EA22BEFEF8" box="[1052,1175,728,754]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.074" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="107.4">107.4 mm</quantity>
SL;
<location id="8EF9606B6142DA1DFB0455E5235BFEFB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87A66144DA10FDF2555A2741F894:8EF9606B6142DA1DFB0455E5235BFEFB" box="[1238,1394,727,753]" country="Uganda" latitude="-0.08116667" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.179806" name="Kashaka bay" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Lake George">Kashaka bay</location>
, north of inlet;
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFEBB55CB242AFF1F" box="[361,515,761,789]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="52.2" value="-0.08116667">0°0452.2″ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1250776142DA1DFDC255CB2495FF1C" box="[528,700,761,790]" degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="1" seconds="47.3" value="30.179806">30°1047.3″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="FF9810706142DA1DFD1B55C92573FF1F" box="[713,858,763,789]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2018-02-02">
<collectingDate id="EFDCE9986142DA1DFD1B55C92573FF1F" box="[713,858,763,789]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="2018-02-02">2 Feb. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26D353666142DA1DFCB455C92227FF1F" box="[870,1038,763,789]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">HIPE3 exped.</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="DB809ECB6142DA1DFB8355C92735FF33" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMCA 2018.008.P.0371 to 0372</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C653B6142DA10FF6F54522703FF44" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9936B06142DA1DFF6F54522767FF70" blockId="69.[189,334,864,890]" box="[189,334,864,890]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<heading id="D0D181DC6142DA1DFF6F54522767FF70" bold="true" box="[189,334,864,890]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26142DA1DFF6F54522767FF70" bold="true" box="[189,334,864,890]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06142DA1DFF6F54BD237AF938" blockId="69.[189,1401,911,1330]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
Based on
<specimenCount id="9D20FD396142DA1DFEEA54BD27F4FFA3" box="[312,477,911,937]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="generic">20 specimens</specimenCount>
(
<quantity id="4CDE9B556142DA1DFE3D54BD2486FFA0" box="[495,687,911,938]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4365" metricValueMax="2.114" metricValueMin="0.759" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="143.65" valueMax="211.4" valueMin="75.9">75.9211.4 mm</quantity>
SL); body average in depth in comparison to generalised
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336142DA1DFF6F54862717FFC7" authorityName="Trewavas" authorityYear="1933" box="[189,318,947,973]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26142DA1DFF6F548626FBFFC7" box="[189,210,948,973]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26142DA1DFF3154812717FFC7" box="[227,318,947,973]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(but deep for a piscivorous species;
<tableCitation id="C6A4030B6142DA1DFD2C5481257CFFC7" box="[766,853,947,973]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[182,252,548,576]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Table 1. (continued on the next three pages). Measurements and counts of the piscivorous species of Haplochromis from the Lake Edward system." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF596638610EDA51FF6455162158FE4A" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" tableUuid="DF596638610EDA51FF6455162158FE4A">Table 1</tableCitation>
) and oval to rhomboid (
<figureCitation id="131D2A356142DA1DFB52548122F5FFC7" box="[1152,1244,947,973]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="68.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1195,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-263@68.[189,1399,1195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="Fig. 38. Haplochromis squamipinnis Regan, 1921, holotype, ♀, 136.9 mm SL (NHMUK 1914.4.8.32). Drawn by N. Vranken." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6484246" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6484246/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
). Head long, narrow, and with a straight to concave dorsal outline; eye small; interorbital area narrow; cheek and lacrimal deep. Snout long, acute, and slopes very gently at 3035°; premaxillary pedicel very long and prominent. Jaws isognathous to strongly prognathous, slim, very narrow, and rounded in dorsal view; upper jaw long and lower jaw very long; gape large and slopes steeply at 3045°; maxilla extends to between verticals through anterior margins of orbit and pupil. Lower jaw shallow and with a straight ventral outline in lateral view, mental prominence weakly or strongly developed, and lower jaw side steep with an inclination of 35° to horizontal in anterior view. Upper jaw expanded slightly anteriorly and ventrally. Lips and oral mucosa thin. Neurocranium average in depth, ethmo-vomerine block horizontally inclined, preorbital region shallow (1925% NL), orbital region average in depth (2832% NL), and supraoccipital crest deep and pyramidical or weakly wedge-shaped (
<figureCitation id="131D2A356142DA1DFB0F5225236EF938" box="[1245,1351,1303,1330]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="70.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,265,1845]" captionTargetId="figure-19@70.[272,1316,265,1846]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Fig. 39. Haplochromis squamipinnis Regan, 1921. a. Photograph of preserved holotype (NHMUK 1914.4.8.32; 136.9 mm SL). b. X-ray image of holotype. cd. Photographs of freshly caught specimens. c. Dominant male (RMCA 2016.035.P.0250; 169.7 mm SL). d. Female (RMCA 2016.035.P(HP823); 129.6 mm SL) to illustrate the live colour patterns. The contrast was slightly enhanced." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6484248" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6484248/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 39b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06142DA1DFF6F526B2265FA85" blockId="69.[189,1400,1368,1680]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
Outer oral teeth numerous, unicuspid, and small. Necks stout, conical, and straight; crowns weakly recurved in lower jaw, recurved in upper jaw, and acutely pointed. Dental arcades rounded. Outer teeth closely and regularly set with neck-distances of ½1 neck-width. In upper jaw, 13 posteriormost teeth sometimes slightly enlarged. Inner teeth small, weakly recurved, unicuspid in large specimens (&gt;
<quantity id="4CDE9B556142DA1DFF3052D52761FA0B" box="[226,328,1511,1537]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="120.0">120 mm</quantity>
SL), tri- to rarely unicuspid in upper jaw and uni- to weakly tricuspid in lower jaw of small specimens (&lt;
<quantity id="4CDE9B556142DA1DFE7B51392422FA2F" box="[425,523,1547,1573]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="120.0">120 mm</quantity>
SL), and acutely pointed in acutely pointed in all specimens. Tooth bands very slender crescent-shaped with 13 rows of inner teeth, and narrow posteriorly until only outer row remains past ⅔ length of tooth band. Inner teeth closely and regularly set on 13/2 outer neck-widths from outer row; implantation recumbent; size uniform throughout tooth band.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06142DA1DFF6F518A236EFB6A" blockId="69.[187,1398,1719,1888]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
Lower pharyngeal bone long, narrow, slim, and shallow with a slightly deeper keel (
<figureCitation id="131D2A356142DA1DFB5A518522C9FADB" box="[1160,1248,1719,1745]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="71.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1393,1014,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-237@71.[188,1394,1014,1869]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Fig. 40. Haplochromis squamipinnis Regan, 1921 (RMCA 2016.035.P.0254; 182.0 mm SL). a. Dorsal view of the lower pharyngeal jaw. b. Lateral view of the lower pharyngeal jaw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6484250" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6484250/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
). Pharyngeal teeth relatively large and slender; major cusps acutely pointed; cusp gaps nearly straight; minor cusps and cusp protuberances small. Teeth in two median longitudinal rows equal in size and form to lateral teeth,
<quantity id="4CDE9B556142DA1DFF6F501026D1FB36" box="[189,248,1826,1852]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="in" value="11.0">11 in</quantity>
each row. Posterior transverse row with 1718 teeth, implanted erectly with a lateral inclination; major cusps nearly straight, bluntly pointed, and laterally compressed; minor cusps mostly present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06142DA1FFF6F50B52711FD4C" blockId="69.[189,1399,1927,2025]" lastBlockId="71.[189,1398,265,326]" lastPageId="71" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
Chest scales small; transition to larger flank scales gradual. Basal parts of membranes of dorsal and anal fins covered by minute, ellipsoid scales; between some pairs of fin rays, up to two rows of 110 scales extend from body onto fin; scales very variable in distribution and density and mostly invisible to naked eye; no scales present anteriorly of fourth dorsal-fin spine (
<figureCitation id="131D2A356140DA1FFCAA563B25F9FD29" box="[888,976,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="68.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1195,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-263@68.[189,1399,1195,1859]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="Fig. 38. Haplochromis squamipinnis Regan, 1921, holotype, ♀, 136.9 mm SL (NHMUK 1914.4.8.32). Drawn by N. Vranken." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6484246" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6484246/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
). Minute scales on proximal half of caudal fin.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5966386141DA1EFF6F50562294FBE2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6484248" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6484248" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6484248/files/figure.png" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" startId="70.[189,232,1892,1918]" targetBox="[272,1316,265,1845]" targetPageId="70">
<paragraph id="8B9936B06141DA1EFF6F50562294FBE2" blockId="70.[188,1399,1892,2025]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26141DA1EFF6F50562736FB75" bold="true" box="[189,287,1892,1919]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Fig. 39.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336141DA1EFEF85057250CFB75" authority="Regan, 1921" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1921" box="[298,805,1893,1919]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="squamipinnis">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26141DA1EFEF850572454FB75" box="[298,637,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Haplochromis squamipinnis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B416141DA1EFD5B5057250CFB75" author="Regan C. T." box="[649,805,1893,1919]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" pagination="632 - 639" refId="ref50123" refString="Regan C. T. 1921. The Cichlid fishes of Lakes Albert Edward and Kivu. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 9: 632 - 639. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932108632633" type="book chapter" year="1921">Regan, 1921</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26141DA1EFCE75057256DFB75" bold="true" box="[821,836,1893,1919]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">a</emphasis>
. Photograph of preserved holotype (NHMUK 1914.4.8.32; 136.9 mm SL).
<emphasis id="B952EAA26141DA1EFDDE50BA2435FBA8" bold="true" box="[524,540,1928,1954]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">b</emphasis>
. X-ray image of holotype.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26141DA1EFC8450BA25AAFBA8" bold="true" box="[854,899,1928,1954]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">cd</emphasis>
. Photographs of freshly caught specimens.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26141DA1EFF6E509926E0FBCF" bold="true" box="[188,201,1963,1989]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">c</emphasis>
. Dominant male (RMCA 2016.035.P.0250; 169.7 mm SL).
<emphasis id="B952EAA26141DA1EFC4F50992582FBCF" bold="true" box="[925,939,1963,1989]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">d</emphasis>
. Female (RMCA 2016.035.P(HP823); 129.6 mm SL) to illustrate the live colour patterns. The contrast was slightly enhanced.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06140DA1FFF6F565C2270FDFB" blockId="71.[189,1398,366,498]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Caudal fin emarginate to weakly subtruncate; dorsal and anal fins reach to between verticals through caudal-fin base and two scales posterior to this vertical. Pectoral fin reaches to between first and third anal-fin spines; pelvic fin reaches to between first and third anal-fin spine in females, to third anal fin branched ray in males; first branched pelvic-fin ray elongated in all specimens.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06140DA1FFF6F552B22C4FE5C" blockId="71.[189,1398,537,598]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Ceratobranchial gill rakers in outer row of first gill arch short, relatively slender, and simple; posteriormost rakers sometimes anvil-shaped or weakly bifid. Epibranchial gill rakers slender and simple.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06140DA1FFF6F554F278AFE9D" blockId="71.[189,419,637,663]" box="[189,419,637,663]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<heading id="D0D181DC6140DA1FFF6F554F278AFE9D" bold="true" box="[189,419,637,663]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26140DA1FFF6F554F278AFE9D" bold="true" box="[189,419,637,663]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Colouration in life</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B06140DA1FFF6F559E2767FFB6" blockId="71.[188,1400,684,956]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
Dominant males: body and head uniformly slate blue; belly and chest black; flank with very faint mid-lateral band and 57 vertical stripes in some specimens; snout dusky; lacrimal stripe and mental blotch present; eye with (dark) grey outer ring and silver to golden inner ring (
<figureCitation id="131D2A356140DA1FFBBF55C022FCFF06" box="[1133,1237,754,780]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="70.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,265,1845]" captionTargetId="figure-19@70.[272,1316,265,1846]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Fig. 39. Haplochromis squamipinnis Regan, 1921. a. Photograph of preserved holotype (NHMUK 1914.4.8.32; 136.9 mm SL). b. X-ray image of holotype. cd. Photographs of freshly caught specimens. c. Dominant male (RMCA 2016.035.P.0250; 169.7 mm SL). d. Female (RMCA 2016.035.P(HP823); 129.6 mm SL) to illustrate the live colour patterns. The contrast was slightly enhanced." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6484248" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6484248/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Fig. 39c</figureCitation>
). Pectoral fin dusky; pelvic fin black; caudal fin crimson and with dusky base and maculated dorsal part. Dorsal fin dusky and with black lappets and, in posterior part, maculated crimson; anal fin crimson and with black lappets, a dusky base and posterior part, and 34 large orange egg-spots (i.e., twice distance between rays) with hyaline rings. Non-dominant males: body and head yellow-green; chest and belly white.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5966386140DA1FFF6F50992275FBE2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6484250" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6484250" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6484250/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" startId="71.[189,232,1963,1989]" targetBox="[189,1393,1014,1868]" targetPageId="71">
<paragraph id="8B9936B06140DA1FFF6F50992275FBE2" blockId="71.[189,1398,1963,2025]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26140DA1FFF6F50992732FBCF" bold="true" box="[189,283,1963,1989]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Fig. 40.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C264D336140DA1FFEF050992526FBCF" authority="Regan, 1921" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1921" box="[290,783,1963,1990]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="squamipinnis">
<emphasis id="B952EAA26140DA1FFEF050992458FBCF" box="[290,625,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Haplochromis squamipinnis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B416140DA1FFDA8509E2526FBCF" author="Regan C. T." box="[634,783,1963,1990]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" pagination="632 - 639" refId="ref50123" refString="Regan C. T. 1921. The Cichlid fishes of Lakes Albert Edward and Kivu. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 9: 632 - 639. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932108632633" type="book chapter" year="1921">Regan, 1921</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(RMCA 2016.035.P.0254; 182.0 mm SL).
<emphasis id="B952EAA26140DA1FFAD950992330FBCF" bold="true" box="[1291,1305,1963,1989]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">a</emphasis>
. Dorsal view of the lower pharyngeal jaw.
<emphasis id="B952EAA26140DA1FFD8150FC244AFBE2" bold="true" box="[595,611,1998,2024]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">b</emphasis>
. Lateral view of the lower pharyngeal jaw.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9936B0614FDA10FF6F563B25B2FDD0" blockId="72.[188,1400,265,475]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
Females and juveniles: dorsum and dorsal part of head golden; belly, chest, operculum, and cheek white; transition gradual (
<figureCitation id="131D2A35614FDA10FE4F561C242FFD43" box="[413,518,302,329]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="70.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,265,1845]" captionTargetId="figure-19@70.[272,1316,265,1846]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Fig. 39. Haplochromis squamipinnis Regan, 1921. a. Photograph of preserved holotype (NHMUK 1914.4.8.32; 136.9 mm SL). b. X-ray image of holotype. cd. Photographs of freshly caught specimens. c. Dominant male (RMCA 2016.035.P.0250; 169.7 mm SL). d. Female (RMCA 2016.035.P(HP823); 129.6 mm SL) to illustrate the live colour patterns. The contrast was slightly enhanced." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6484248" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6484248/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Fig. 39d</figureCitation>
). Snout and lower jaw dusky; lacrimal stripe faint, mental blotch present; eye with (dark) grey outer ring and silver to golden inner ring. Flank with a very faint mid-lateral band and 57 vertical stripes in some specimens. Pectoral, pelvic, anal, and caudal fin yellowish; anal fin with hyaline base, dusky distal part, and 34 spots resembling egg-spots; caudal fin with dusky distal part and maculated dorsal part; dorsal fin dusky and with black lappets.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B0614FDA10FF6F553127F9FE17" blockId="72.[189,464,515,541]" box="[189,464,515,541]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<heading id="D0D181DC614FDA10FF6F553127F9FE17" bold="true" box="[189,464,515,541]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B952EAA2614FDA10FF6F553127F9FE17" bold="true" box="[189,464,515,541]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Preserved colouration</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B0614FDA10FF6F55012703FF44" blockId="72.[189,1401,563,846]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
Dorsal part of body dusky brown, ventral part of body white, transition gradual; in dominant males, belly and chest black (
<figureCitation id="131D2A35614FDA10FE01556A2414FE78" box="[467,573,600,626]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="70.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,265,1845]" captionTargetId="figure-19@70.[272,1316,265,1846]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Fig. 39. Haplochromis squamipinnis Regan, 1921. a. Photograph of preserved holotype (NHMUK 1914.4.8.32; 136.9 mm SL). b. X-ray image of holotype. cd. Photographs of freshly caught specimens. c. Dominant male (RMCA 2016.035.P.0250; 169.7 mm SL). d. Female (RMCA 2016.035.P(HP823); 129.6 mm SL) to illustrate the live colour patterns. The contrast was slightly enhanced." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6484248" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6484248/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Fig. 39a</figureCitation>
). Flank rarely with a very faint mid-lateral band and very faint 57 vertical stripes. Cheek light yellowish; snout dusky. Nostril, interorbital, lacrimal, and vertical opercular stripes faint; mental blotch present; lacrimal stripes present in dominant males. Pectoral fin dusky; pelvic fin yellowish with dusky distal parts in females, black in males; caudal fin dusky and with black distal margin. Dorsal fin dusky and with black lappets and posterodistal margin; anal fin dusky and with a black posterodistal margin, a white base in females, a dark base and 23 egg-spots in males.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C653B614FDA10FF6F54452741F894" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9936B0614FDA10FF6F544527D8FF9B" blockId="72.[189,497,887,913]" box="[189,497,887,913]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<heading id="D0D181DC614FDA10FF6F544527D8FF9B" bold="true" box="[189,497,887,913]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B952EAA2614FDA10FF6F544527D8FF9B" bold="true" box="[189,497,887,913]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9936B0614FDA10FF6F54952741F894" blockId="72.[187,1399,935,1182]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
Endemic to the Lake Edward system; found in offshore benthic areas in mostly shallow and deep waters over muddy substrates. Introduced into Lake Kachira, Lake Victoria drainage,
<collectingCountry id="F3317620614FDA10FB8754FE2299FFEC" box="[1109,1200,972,998]" name="Uganda" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Uganda</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B41614FDA10FB1054FE234FFFEC" author="Schraml E." box="[1218,1382,972,998]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="2 - 48" refId="ref50427" refString="Schraml E. 2004. Die artenvielfalt der fische in Ugandas gewassern: beitrage zur kenntnis der fischfauna Ugandas. DCG-Informationen Sonderheft 3: 2 - 48." type="journal article" year="2004">Schraml 2004</bibRefCitation>
). Piscivorous diet. Diet of Lake George specimens consists mainly of
<taxonomicName id="4C264D33614FDA10FC1854C32320F801" authority="Regan, 1921" authorityName="Regan" authorityYear="1921" box="[970,1289,1009,1035]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigripinnis">
<emphasis id="B952EAA2614FDA10FC1854C325F6F800" box="[970,991,1009,1034]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA2614FDA10FC3C54C32259F800" box="[1006,1136,1009,1034]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">nigripinnis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B41614FDA10FBA454C32320F801" author="Regan C. T." box="[1142,1289,1009,1035]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="632 - 639" refId="ref50123" refString="Regan C. T. 1921. The Cichlid fishes of Lakes Albert Edward and Kivu. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 9: 632 - 639. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932108632633" type="book chapter" year="1921">Regan, 1921</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
followed by
<taxonomicName id="4C264D33614FDA10FF3353242449F825" authority="Boulenger, 1914" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1914" box="[225,608,1045,1072]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Haplochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustifrons">
<emphasis id="B952EAA2614FDA10FF33532426DFF825" box="[225,246,1046,1071]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">H</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B952EAA2614FDA10FED6532727BEF825" box="[260,407,1045,1071]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">angustifrons</emphasis>
Boulenger, 1914
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B41614FDA10FDA253242567F825" author="Moreau J. &amp; Christensen V. &amp; Pauly D." box="[624,846,1045,1072]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="124 - 129" refId="ref49742" refString="Moreau J., Christensen V. &amp; Pauly D. 1993. A trophic ecosystem model of Lake George, Uganda. In: Christensen V. &amp; Pauly D. (eds) Trophic Models of Aquatic Ecosystems. ICLARM Conference Proceedings 26: 124 - 129." type="journal article" year="1993">
Moreau
<emphasis id="B952EAA2614FDA10FD005324252CF825" box="[722,773,1045,1071]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">et al</emphasis>
. 1993
</bibRefCitation>
); insects and to a lesser degree small fishes and plant fragments contribute to diet in small specimens (&lt;
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SL) (
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;
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Moriarty
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. 1973
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). Sexual dimorphism in size, as observed by
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, seems absent; both sexes reach&gt;
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SL.
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