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<document id="FE98E532710497F0BF2EA15FA99FC283" ID-CLB-Dataset="24975" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4692.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ead7ec31-b9d4-49f3-a006-a67fff6ad623" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3528942" ID-ZooBank="F054DC68-6A7E-4C80-9094-8ECCA4502CD6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1572939049273" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lima, Manuela M., Cordeiro, Ralf T. S. &amp; Perez, Carlos D." docDate="2019" docId="038F878BC934FFB1F9EBF8EEFCC7F3ED" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4692.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4692 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Stauropathes Opresko 2002" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="41" masterDocId="FFB6FFF3C913FF99F97CFFD9FF99F21A" masterDocTitle="Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1698698950520" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="F894DFEBB076523D567B313564C021E7">Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2F54FB14E4254E827D28D6038EDD4BD0">Lima, Manuela M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8E632A33D757F23A3B0339008DA30264">Cordeiro, Ralf T. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="851B507B3A5F4FDCC0A3AD10BE90307A">Perez, Carlos D.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="038F878BC934FFB1F9EBF8EEFCC7F3ED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8396011" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160134007" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8396011" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F878BC934FFB1F9EBF8EEFCC7F3ED" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F878BC934FFB1F9EBF8EEFCC7F3ED" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C934FFBEF9EBF8EEFDD3F548" box="[151,586,1847,1874]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC934FFBEF9EBF8EEFDD3F548" blockId="39.[151,586,1847,1874]" box="[151,586,1847,1874]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<heading id="D0D181F1C934FFBEF9EBF8EEFDD3F548" bold="true" box="[151,586,1847,1874]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC934FFBEF9EBF8EEFDD3F548" bold="true" box="[151,586,1847,1874]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC934FFBEF992F8EEFDD3F548" ID-CoL="7Q2Q2" ID-ENA="223215" authority="Opresko, 2002" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2002" box="[238,586,1847,1874]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Stauropathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC934FFBEF992F8EEFE17F548" bold="true" box="[238,398,1847,1874]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Stauropathes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC934FFBEF8E9F8EEFDD3F548" author="Opresko" box="[405,586,1847,1874]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="411 - 442" refId="ref48859" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2002) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part II. Schizopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 76, 411 - 442." type="journal article" year="2002">Opresko, 2002</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C934FFBEF9EBF8A2FC4FF58E" box="[151,982,1915,1940]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC934FFBEF9EBF8A2FC4FF58E" blockId="39.[151,982,1915,1940]" box="[151,982,1915,1940]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC934FFBEF9EBF8A2FEBCF58E" bold="true" box="[151,293,1915,1940]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type-species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC934FFBEF850F8A5FD57F58E" ID-CoL="6ZHXL" authority="Opresko, 2002" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2002" box="[300,718,1915,1940]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Stauropathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="staurocrada">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC934FFBEF850F8A5FDABF58E" box="[300,562,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Stauropathes staurocrada</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC934FFBEFB44F8A2FD57F58E" author="Opresko" box="[568,718,1915,1940]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="411 - 442" refId="ref48859" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2002) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part II. Schizopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 76, 411 - 442." type="journal article" year="2002">Opresko, 2002</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(by original designation).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C934FFB1F9EBF818FF79F2CD" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC934FFB1F9EBF818FF79F2CD" blockId="39.[151,1436,1985,2013]" lastBlockId="40.[151,1437,152,503]" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC934FFBEF9EBF818FE8BF5C6" bold="true" box="[151,274,1985,2012]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
“Corallum sparsely to densely branched. Stem and branches pinnulate. Pinnules simple, bilateral in two rows, and subopposite. Spines triangular and compressed. Polyps usually
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C93BFFB1FAB9FF41FBB8F2A9" box="[965,1057,152,179]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">36 mm</quantity>
in transverse diameter” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93BFFB1FC49FF41FF4DF2CD" author="Opresko" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="411 - 442" refId="ref48859" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2002) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part II. Schizopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 76, 411 - 442." type="journal article" year="2002">Opresko, 2002</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C93BFFB1F9BBFF38FF79F3C9" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC93BFFB1F9BBFF38FF79F3C9" blockId="40.[151,1437,152,503]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93BFFB1F9BBFF38FEA2F2E1" bold="true" box="[199,315,225,251]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Remarks.</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC93BFFB1F8C1FF39FD62F2E1" authority="Opresko, 2002" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2002" box="[445,763,224,251]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Stauropathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93BFFB1F8C1FF39FDC9F2E0" box="[445,592,224,250]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Stauropathes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93BFFB1FB2AFF39FD62F2E1" author="Opresko" box="[598,763,224,251]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="411 - 442" refId="ref48859" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2002) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part II. Schizopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 76, 411 - 442." type="journal article" year="2002">Opresko, 2002</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
groups three species:
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC93BFFB1FA89FF38FADEF2E1" authority="Opresko, 2002" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2002" box="[1013,1351,224,251]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Stauropathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="staurocrada">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93BFFB1FA89FF38FB00F2E0" box="[1013,1177,224,251]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. staurocrada</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93BFFB1FDDCFF39FADEF2E1" author="Opresko" box="[1184,1351,224,251]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="411 - 442" refId="ref48859" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2002) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part II. Schizopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 76, 411 - 442." type="journal article" year="2002">Opresko, 2002</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC93BFFB1FC2FFF38FEE8F305" authority="(Lutken, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="Lutken" baseAuthorityYear="1872" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Stauropathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="arctica">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93BFFB1FC2FFF38FF58F304" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. arctica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93BFFB1F9ACFEDDFEF0F305" author="Lutken" box="[208,361,260,287]" firstAuthor="Lutken" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="77 - 83" refId="ref47790" refString="Lutken, C. (1872) XI- Antipathes arctica, a new species of black coral (Antipathidae) from the polar seas. Journal of Natural History, 10 (56), 77 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937208696650" type="journal article" year="1872">Lütken, 1872</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC93BFFB1F8D5FEDCFD54F305" authority="(Roule, 1905)" baseAuthorityName="Roule" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[425,717,260,287]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Stauropathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93BFFB1F8D5FEDCFDBEF304" box="[425,551,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. punctata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93BFFB1FB4AFEDDFD5CF305" author="Roule" box="[566,709,260,287]" firstAuthor="Roule" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref49909" refString="Roule, L. (1905) Description des Antipathaires et Cerianthaires recueillis par SAS le Prince de Monaco dans l'Atlantique nord (1886 - 1902). Resultats des Campagnes Scientifiques, 30, 1 - 99. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59328" type="journal article" year="1905">Roule, 1905</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. As the specific epithet itself already suggests,
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC93BFFB1FD9DFEDCFAD2F304" baseAuthorityName="Lutken" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[1249,1355,261,287]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Stauropathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="arctica">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93BFFB1FD9DFEDCFAD2F304" box="[1249,1355,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. arctica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs only in the Arctic Ocean, with its southern latitudinal limit of
<geoCoordinate id="EE12505AC93BFFB1FA29FEF1FC3AF359" box="[853,931,296,323]" degrees="58" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="55555" value="58.0">58 ° N</geoCoordinate>
, with a bathymetric range of
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C93BFFB1FD8CFEF1FA01F359" box="[1264,1432,296,323]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0805" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="0.461" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1080.5" valueMax="1700.0" valueMin="461.0">461 to 1700 m</quantity>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC93BFFB1F9EBFE94FEA5F37C" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2002" box="[151,316,332,359]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Stauropathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="staurocrada">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93BFFB1F9EBFE94FEA5F37C" box="[151,316,332,359]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. staurocrada</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has an extensive distribution in the Pacific Ocean, occurring on the coast of
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC93BFFB1FDE3FE94FAA0F37C" box="[1183,1337,332,359]" name="New Zealand" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
, Hawaii, and other points to the north (Mid Pacific Mountains), at depths of
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C93BFFB1FAF1FEA9FBBEF391" box="[909,1063,368,395]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.77" metricValueMax="17.0" metricValueMin="0.54" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="877.0" valueMax="1700.0" valueMin="54.0">54 to 1700 m</quantity>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC93BFFB1FD4EFEA9FAB7F390" baseAuthorityName="Roule" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[1074,1326,368,394]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Stauropathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93BFFB1FD4EFEA9FAB7F390" box="[1074,1326,368,394]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Stauropathes punctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in the North Atlantic, Azores and
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC93BFFB1F88DFE4CFDECF3B4" box="[497,629,404,431]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
, in a bathymetric range of
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<date id="FF98105DC93BFFB1FAE2FE4CFBA9F3B5" box="[926,1072,405,431]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="1300" valueMax="2000">1300 to 2000</date>
m
</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93BFFB1FD27FE4DFA9CF3B5" author="Opresko" box="[1115,1285,404,431]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="411 - 442" refId="ref48859" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2002) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part II. Schizopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 76, 411 - 442." type="journal article" year="2002">Opresko, 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93BFFB1FC73FE4DFF4DF3C9" author="Molodtsova" firstAuthor="Molodtsova" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="141 - 151" refId="ref48053" refString="Molodtsova, T. N. (2006) Black corals (Antipatharia: Anthozoa: Cnidaria) of the north-eastern Atlantic. In: Biogeography of the Atlantic Seamounts. KMK Press, Moscow, pp. 141 - 151." type="book chapter" year="2006">Molodtsova, 2006</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C93BFFB1F9BBFE05FCC7F3ED" box="[199,862,476,503]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC93BFFB1F9BBFE05FCC7F3ED" blockId="40.[151,1437,152,503]" box="[199,862,476,503]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC93BFFB1F9BBFE05FEF8F3ED" bold="true" box="[199,353,476,503]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Distribution.</emphasis>
Arctic, Atlantic and Pacific (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC93BFFB1FBDBFE05FCCBF3ED" author="Opresko" box="[679,850,476,503]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="411 - 442" refId="ref48859" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2002) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part II. Schizopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 76, 411 - 442." type="journal article" year="2002">Opresko, 2002</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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