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<document id="145B78F7BADE2B04CCE195BA74DCE8B8" ID-CLB-Dataset="24975" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4692.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ead7ec31-b9d4-49f3-a006-a67fff6ad623" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3528942" ID-ZooBank="F054DC68-6A7E-4C80-9094-8ECCA4502CD6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1572939049273" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lima, Manuela M., Cordeiro, Ralf T. S. &amp; Perez, Carlos D." docDate="2019" docId="038F878BC918FF92F9EBFA7DFAB6F5D0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4692.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4692 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Stichopathes occidentalis" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="FFB6FFF3C913FF99F97CFFD9FF99F21A" masterDocTitle="Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698698950520" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="0E508D01B2B0B23EFC85CEFFC028CF89">Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E760CFFC2D1885EDF99FB292698AFDC5">Lima, Manuela M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A02A01198FF36E95EA75BEBBE1D9EBDD">Cordeiro, Ralf T. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="39E063F39E7EE7BDAD28A0B9DB2FFC19">Perez, Carlos D.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="038F878BC918FF92F9EBFA7DFAB6F5D0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5688329" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160134034" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5688329" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F878BC918FF92F9EBFA7DFAB6F5D0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F878BC918FF92F9EBFA7DFAB6F5D0" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C918FF92F9EBFA7DFDF5F7A4" box="[151,620,1444,1471]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC918FF92F9EBFA7DFDF5F7A4" blockId="11.[151,620,1444,1506]" box="[151,620,1444,1471]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="D0D181F1C918FF92F9EBFA7DFDF5F7A4" bold="true" box="[151,620,1444,1471]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC918FF92F9EBFA7DFDF5F7A4" ID-CoL="52J4C" ID-ENA="1352000" authority="(Gray, 1860)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[151,620,1444,1471]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9EBFA7DFDF5F7A4" bold="true" box="[151,620,1444,1471]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9EBFA7DFE51F7A5" bold="true" box="[151,456,1444,1471]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stichopathes occidentalis</emphasis>
(Gray, 1860)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C918FF92F9EBFA11FF7EF7F8" box="[151,231,1479,1506]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC918FF92F9EBFA11FF7EF7F8" blockId="11.[151,620,1444,1506]" box="[151,231,1479,1506]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<figureCitation id="131D2A18C918FF92F9EBFA11FF7EF7F8" box="[151,231,1479,1506]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1966,1991]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,995,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,995,1903]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 35. Geographic distribution of antipatharians species occurring in the Southwestern Atlantic not analyzed in the present work." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3529016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3529016/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C918FF92F9EBF9D5FCE2F478" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC918FF92F9EBF9D5FD5EF43E" blockId="11.[151,1436,1548,1634]" box="[151,711,1548,1573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC918FF92F9EBF9D5FD5AF43E" authority="Gray, 1860: 311" authorityName="Gray" authorityPageNumber="311" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,707,1548,1573]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Cirrhipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="setacea" variety="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9EBF9D5FEF2F43E" box="[151,363,1548,1572]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Cirrhipathes setacea</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F8E0F9D5FD8FF43E" box="[412,534,1548,1572]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">occidentalis</emphasis>
Gray, 1860: 311
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B99369DC918FF92F9EBF9F2FCE2F478" blockId="11.[151,1436,1548,1634]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC918FF92F9EBF9F2FDEFF459" ID-CoL="52J4C" authority=": Brook, 1889: 92 - 93" authorityName=": Brook" authorityPageNumber="92" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,630,1578,1603]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Stichopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9EBF9F2FE00F459" box="[151,409,1579,1603]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stichopathes occidentalis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92F8DBF9F3FDEFF459" author="Brook" box="[423,630,1578,1603]" firstAuthor="Brook" page="92 - 93" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref46539" refString="Brook, G. (1889) Report on the Antipatharia collected by HMS Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 32, 1." type="journal volume" year="1889">Brook, 1889: 9293</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, figs. 7,8;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92FB9DF9F3FBCCF459" author="Opresko &amp; Sanchez" box="[737,1109,1578,1603]" firstAuthor="Opresko" page="500 - 501" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="492 - 507" refId="ref49391" refString="Opresko, D. M. &amp; Sanchez, J. A. (2005) Caribbean Shallow-water Black Corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia). Caribbean Journal of Science, 41 (3), 492 - 507." type="journal article" year="2005">Opresko &amp; Sanchez, 2005: 500501</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 9,10;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92FDB0F9F3FA01F459" author="Opresko" box="[1228,1432,1578,1603]" firstAuthor="Opresko" page="362" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="359 - 363" refId="ref49123" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2009) Antipatharia (Cnidaria) of the Gulf of Mexico. Gulf of Mexico Origin, Waters, and Biota: Biodiversity, 1, 359 - 363." type="journal article" year="2009">Opresko, 2009: 362</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92F9BBF990FD9BF478" author="Cordeiro" box="[199,514,1609,1634]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cordeiro" page="826 - 828" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="826 - 828" refId="ref46754" refString="Cordeiro, R. T. S., Maranhao, H. A., Lima, S. T. S. &amp; Perez, C. D. (2012) First record of Stichopathes occidentalis (Gray, 1860) and range extensions of Antipathes atlantica Gray, 1857 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Check List, 8 (4), 826 - 828. https: // doi. org / 10.15560 / 8.4.826" type="journal article" year="2012">
Cordeiro
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F854F993FEC2F478" box="[296,347,1610,1634]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
, 2012: 826828
</bibRefCitation>
, figs 1,2;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92FB1AF990FCA9F478" author="Opresko, D. M." box="[614,816,1609,1634]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref49160" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2014) Antipatharian corals of Ascension Island. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 97 (4), 1 - 4. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315414000721" type="journal article" year="2014">Opresko, 2014: 12</bibRefCitation>
, fig 1a.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C918FF92F9EBF949FC68F4B0" box="[151,1009,1679,1707]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC918FF92F9EBF949FC68F4B0" blockId="11.[151,1436,1679,1995]" box="[151,1009,1679,1707]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CC0C918FF92F9EBF949FC74F4B0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2446839702" box="[151,1005,1679,1707]" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Turks Island" location="Turks Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="2">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9EBF949FE3DF4B0" bold="true" box="[151,420,1679,1706]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Type and type locality.</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED37AE58C918FF92F8D7F948FD9BF4B1" box="[427,514,1681,1707]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">BMNH</collectionCode>
,
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC918FF92FB70F949FD01F4B0" box="[524,664,1680,1706]" name="Turks Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Turks Island</collectingCountry>
(Gray, 1860), depth unknown
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C918FF92F9BBF96AFC01F544" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC918FF92F9BBF96AFC01F544" blockId="11.[151,1436,1679,1995]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9BBF96AFEDBF4D4" bold="true" box="[199,322,1715,1742]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
“Grays type of this form is
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92FBF5F96DFD41F4D5" box="[649,728,1716,1743]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.74" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="2.74">2.74 m</quantity>
long, very slender and tapering; the base is
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92FDB1F96DFA96F4D5" box="[1229,1295,1716,1743]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
in diameter, and the apex
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92F856F901FE1BF4E9" box="[298,386,1752,1779]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
. The whole stem is like a slender whip lash, and shows no signs of spiral curvature. The spines are short and conical, but somewhat compressed. In more slender portions of the specimen they are arranged in dextrorse spirals which are about twice the length of a spine apart. Nearer the base the spiral arrangement is lost, and the spines are thicker and stand out horizontally” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92FB86F89DFC12F544" author="Brook" box="[762,907,1860,1886]" firstAuthor="Brook" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refId="ref46539" refString="Brook, G. (1889) Report on the Antipatharia collected by HMS Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 32, 1." type="journal volume" year="1889">Brook, 1889</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C918FF92F9BBF8BEFAB6F5D0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC918FF92F9BBF8BEFAB6F5D0" blockId="11.[151,1436,1679,1995]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92F9BBF8BEFEF8F598" bold="true" box="[199,353,1895,1922]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC918FF92F815F8B1FE6CF598" box="[361,501,1896,1922]" name="Turks Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Turks Island</collectingCountry>
(Gray, 1860), off West Africa, Islas das Rolas (Broch, 1920 apud
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92FD9AF8B1FA09F598" author="Opresko, D. M." box="[1254,1424,1896,1922]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref49160" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2014) Antipatharian corals of Ascension Island. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 97 (4), 1 - 4. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315414000721" type="journal article" year="2014">Opresko, 2014</bibRefCitation>
), Caribbean Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92F831F855FDE7F5BC" author="Opresko &amp; Sanchez" box="[333,638,1931,1958]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="492 - 507" refId="ref49391" refString="Opresko, D. M. &amp; Sanchez, J. A. (2005) Caribbean Shallow-water Black Corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia). Caribbean Journal of Science, 41 (3), 492 - 507." type="journal article" year="2005">Opresko &amp; Sanchez, 2005</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92FBF0F855FCA1F5BC" author="Opresko" box="[652,824,1932,1958]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="359 - 363" refId="ref49123" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2009) Antipatharia (Cnidaria) of the Gulf of Mexico. Gulf of Mexico Origin, Waters, and Biota: Biodiversity, 1, 359 - 363." type="journal article" year="2009">Opresko, 2009</bibRefCitation>
), off
<collectingRegion id="49E2F87FC918FF92FA0BF855FB9FF5BC" box="[887,1030,1932,1958]" country="Brazil" name="Pernambuco" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Pernambuco</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC918FF92FD6FF855FBCEF5BC" box="[1043,1111,1932,1958]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92FD14F855FAC7F5BC" author="Cordeiro" box="[1128,1374,1932,1959]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cordeiro" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="826 - 828" refId="ref46754" refString="Cordeiro, R. T. S., Maranhao, H. A., Lima, S. T. S. &amp; Perez, C. D. (2012) First record of Stichopathes occidentalis (Gray, 1860) and range extensions of Antipathes atlantica Gray, 1857 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Check List, 8 (4), 826 - 828. https: // doi. org / 10.15560 / 8.4.826" type="journal article" year="2012">
Cordeiro
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC918FF92FDABF854FA88F5BC" box="[1239,1297,1932,1958]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
, 2012
</bibRefCitation>
); and
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC918FF92F9EBF869FECEF5D0" box="[151,343,1968,1994]" name="Ascension Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Ascension Island</collectingCountry>
(fig. 35) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92F8B5F869FDEDF5D0" author="Opresko, D. M." box="[457,628,1968,1994]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref49160" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2014) Antipatharian corals of Ascension Island. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 97 (4), 1 - 4. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315414000721" type="journal article" year="2014">Opresko, 2014</bibRefCitation>
); from
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92FBB9F869FD67F5D1" box="[709,766,1968,1995]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92FA70F869FC2CF5D0" author="Opresko, D. M." box="[780,949,1968,1994]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref49160" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2014) Antipatharian corals of Ascension Island. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 97 (4), 1 - 4. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315414000721" type="journal article" year="2014">Opresko, 2014</bibRefCitation>
) to
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C918FF92FA9CF869FB80F5D1" box="[992,1049,1968,1995]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="70.0">70 m</quantity>
depths (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC918FF92FD0BF869FABAF5D0" author="Opresko" box="[1143,1315,1968,1994]" firstAuthor="Opresko" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="359 - 363" refId="ref49123" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2009) Antipatharia (Cnidaria) of the Gulf of Mexico. Gulf of Mexico Origin, Waters, and Biota: Biodiversity, 1, 359 - 363." type="journal article" year="2009">Opresko, 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>