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<document id="C10FE3C352A87EB7071D3894F7F74BD1" ID-CLB-Dataset="24975" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4692.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ead7ec31-b9d4-49f3-a006-a67fff6ad623" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3528942" ID-ZooBank="F054DC68-6A7E-4C80-9094-8ECCA4502CD6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1572939049273" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lima, Manuela M., Cordeiro, Ralf T. S. &amp; Perez, Carlos D." docDate="2019" docId="038F878BC901FF8DF9EBFCF8FB28F3CE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4692.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4692 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Trissopathes tristicha" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="FFB6FFF3C913FF99F97CFFD9FF99F21A" masterDocTitle="Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1698698950520" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="FF17A143849637E5F8B4DBB4BE274AED" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="AC2C680551FA6F2D7A3EB9774CC9CE20">
<mods:title id="7AAD9FC1ABF230577B27A1B0F155BF23">Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="617DD10063B39E0E35A28D84D20AE5A5" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="02BF337AAC8032451284E091002F5045">Lima, Manuela M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="470296479203A65708725B885076092F">Cordeiro, Ralf T. S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1048958C805D0A6E855FB7C5EE998DE8" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4332D7E0DE81C05E47AEF9F94847F1CE">
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<mods:namePart id="0B9F97476BF46CB372C47F47EF536A96">Perez, Carlos D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FF0D2EBFDD176D322DA647AA57F7C0A7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="30CCC28C295F8281873D0A21CB22074C">
<mods:date id="CA9D5933A9368AF8B979CFDB290E9877">2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="C8EB534F9ED0CD1C5FF2B17C67A019D8" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="F83AB2063EAFB30E926D8FB5507907DB">2019-11-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="38AA81AA9A293F3868BC3AF1C73E2062">4692</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="FC2316E03B4C47BAEEE55C04E2FC9FF9" type="issue">
<mods:number id="91B3A05CE8C049945B5C8A9A3BAFA2C8">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="A1CF88D51F4359DB3470E5B9600460F2">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C28DF265D4EB9BCDA802837B6CD0E23C" type="CLB-Dataset">24975</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0D2D97EDFC1E4EEBBD57164359DE3764" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4692.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="700E9551B9CBA112880440D1C78C1D32" type="GBIF-Dataset">ead7ec31-b9d4-49f3-a006-a67fff6ad623</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0FDB893424650972792813A3A35B569F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C7D1DF25BD7EA704CAA14320118BD26F" type="Zenodo-Dep">3528942</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038F878BC901FF8DF9EBFCF8FB28F3CE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8395930" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161756249" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8395930" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F878BC901FF8DF9EBFCF8FB28F3CE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F878BC901FF8DF9EBFCF8FB28F3CE" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C901FF8BF9EBFCF8FD3DF121" box="[151,676,801,828]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC901FF8BF9EBFCF8FD3DF121" blockId="18.[151,676,801,863]" box="[151,676,801,828]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<heading id="D0D181F1C901FF8BF9EBFCF8FD3DF121" bold="true" box="[151,676,801,828]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC901FF8BF9EBFCF8FD3DF121" ID-CoL="59362" authority="(Van Pesch, 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Van Pesch" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[151,676,801,828]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Trissopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tristicha">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC901FF8BF9EBFCF8FD3DF121" bold="true" box="[151,676,801,828]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC901FF8BF9EBFCF8FEB6F126" bold="true" box="[151,303,801,828]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Trissopathes</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC901FF8BF820FCF8FE26F126" bold="true" box="[348,447,801,828]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">tristicha</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC901FF8BF8B3FCF8FD05F121" author="Van Pesch" box="[463,668,801,827]" firstAuthor="Van Pesch" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref50100" refString="Van Pesch, A. J. (1914) The Antipatharia of the Siboga Expedition. EJ Brill, Leiden, 259 pp." type="book" year="1914">Van Pesch, 1914</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C901FF8BF9EBFC9CFF6CF145" box="[151,245,837,863]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC901FF8BF9EBFC9CFF6CF145" blockId="18.[151,676,801,863]" box="[151,245,837,863]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<figureCitation id="131D2A18C901FF8BF9EBFC9CFF43F145" box="[151,218,837,863]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,301,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,301,1820]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8. MNRJ 8590, MNRJ 8581: Trissopathes cf. tristicha (Van Pesch, 1914). a—(MNRJ 8590)—Corallum morphology; b (MNRJ 8581)—Pinnulation pattern; c (MNRJ 55 8581)—Organization of spines; d (MNRJ 8590)—Spines magnified." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3528958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3528958/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131D2A18C901FF8BF99BFC9CFF6CF145" box="[231,245,837,863]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1949,1974]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,1272,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,1272,1896]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 9. Geographic distribution of Genus Trissopathes Opresko, 2003. Yellow circles: records extracted from the literature (Opresko, 2003) and based on Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS). Red circle: record made in the present work." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3528962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3528962/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">9</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C901FF8BF9EBFC50FAFFF613" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC901FF8BF9EBFC50FD35F1BB" blockId="18.[151,748,905,960]" box="[151,684,905,930]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC901FF8BF9EBFC50FD31F1BB" authority="van Pesch, 1914: 99 - 101" authorityName="van Pesch" authorityPageNumber="99" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,680,905,930]" class="Anthozoa" family="Schizopathidae" genus="Parantipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tristicha">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC901FF8BF9EBFC50FEBEF1BB" box="[151,295,905,929]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Parantipathes</emphasis>
(?)
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC901FF8BF82CFC50FE3DF1BB" box="[336,420,905,929]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">tristicha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC901FF8BF8D6FC53FD31F1BB" author="van Pesch" box="[426,680,905,930]" firstAuthor="van Pesch" page="99 - 101" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref50100" refString="Van Pesch, A. J. (1914) The Antipatharia of the Siboga Expedition. EJ Brill, Leiden, 259 pp." type="book" year="1914">van Pesch, 1914: 99-101</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B99369DC901FF8BF9EBFC71FD75F1DA" blockId="18.[151,748,905,960]" box="[151,748,935,960]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC901FF8BF9EBFC71FDE5F1DA" ID-CoL="59362" authority=": Opresko, 2003: 511" authorityName="Opresko" authorityPageNumber="511" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,636,935,960]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Trissopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tristicha">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC901FF8BF9EBFC71FEEBF1DA" box="[151,370,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Trissopathes tristicha</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC901FF8BF803FC7EFDE5F1DA" author="Opresko, D. M." box="[383,636,935,960]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="495 - 536" refId="ref48892" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2003) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part III. Cladopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 77, 495 - 536." type="journal article" year="2003">Opresko, 2003: 511–515</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, figs. 9,10.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B99369DC901FF8BF9EBFC37FAFFF613" blockId="18.[151,1437,1005,2041]" box="[151,1382,1005,1033]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC901FF8BF9EBFC37FE36F612" bold="true" box="[151,431,1005,1032]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Types and type locality.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B4E3CC0C901FF8BF8CAFC37FAFFF613" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2550488889" box="[438,1382,1005,1033]" collectionCode="ZMA" elevation="567" latitude="-3.45" location="western Pacific" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="131.00833" municipality="Ceram Sea" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="567" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="ED37AE58C901FF8BF8CAFC37FE6AF612" box="[438,499,1006,1032]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">ZMA</collectionCode>
Coel. 3005 (
<typeStatus id="549D883FC901FF8BFBFFFC37FD75F613" box="[643,748,1006,1033]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
):
<geoCoordinate id="EE12505AC901FF8BFB83FC37FCD5F612" box="[767,844,1006,1032]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="925" value="-3.45">3º27’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE12505AC901FF8BFA24FC34FC53F612" box="[856,970,1005,1032]" degrees="131" direction="east" minutes="0.5" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="92" value="131.00833">131º0.5’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<location id="8EF96046C901FF8BFAAAFC36FB1CF612" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F878BC901FF8DF9EBFCF8FB28F3CE:8EF96046C901FF8BFAAAFC36FB1CF612" box="[982,1157,1006,1033]" latitude="-3.45" longLatPrecision="930" longitude="131.00833" municipality="Ceram Sea" name="western Pacific" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">western Pacific</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFDACE7C901FF8BFDECFC37FA94F612" box="[1168,1293,1006,1032]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ceram Sea</collectingMunicipality>
,
<specimenCount id="9D20FD14C901FF8BFC64FC34FAFFF613" box="[1304,1382,1005,1033]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C901FF8BFC64FC34FAFBF613" box="[1304,1378,1005,1033]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.67" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="567.0">
<elevation id="000BD1AEC901FF8BFC64FC34FAFBF613" box="[1304,1378,1005,1033]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.67" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="567.0">567 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C901FF8BF9BBFBC8FB07F683" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC901FF8BF9BBFBC8FB07F683" blockId="18.[151,1437,1005,2041]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC901FF8BF9BBFBC8FE2AF636" bold="true" box="[199,435,1041,1068]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Material examined.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC901FF8BF8C0FBCAFE6BF637" box="[444,498,1043,1069]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">ERG</emphasis>
–024–22, Rio Grande Rise,
<geoCoordinate id="EE12505AC901FF8BFA4FFBC8FC55F636" box="[819,972,1041,1068]" degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="1" seconds="35.4" value="-30.776499">30º46’35.4”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE12505AC901FF8BFAA6FBC8FBE2F637" box="[986,1147,1041,1069]" degrees="35" direction="west" minutes="3" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="1" seconds="35.64" value="-35.0599">35º3’35.64”W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C901FF8BFDF0FBCBFB7CF637" box="[1164,1253,1042,1069]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</quantity>
, dredge (
<collectionCode id="ED37AE58C901FF8BFC2CFBCBFA04F636" box="[1360,1437,1042,1068]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">MNRJ</collectionCode>
8601, two fragments).
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC901FF8BF8E3FBEEFE4CF64B" box="[415,469,1079,1105]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">ERG</emphasis>
–225, Rio Grande Rise, dredge,
<geoCoordinate id="EE12505AC901FF8BFA33FBEFFC70F64A" box="[847,1001,1078,1104]" degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="0" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="1" seconds="42.12" value="-31.0117">31º0’42.12”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE12505AC901FF8BFA84FBECFB3CF64B" box="[1016,1189,1077,1105]" degrees="35" direction="west" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="1" seconds="11.16" value="-35.8031">35º48’11.16”W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C901FF8BFDCBFBECFACEF64B" box="[1207,1367,1077,1105]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="1300.0" valueMax="1500.0" valueMin="1100.0">1100–1500 m</quantity>
, date:
<date id="FF98105DC901FF8BF9EBFB83FE8EF66E" box="[151,279,1114,1140]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2012-02-07">07/02/2012</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED37AE58C901FF8BF85AFB83FE1EF66E" box="[294,391,1114,1140]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">MNNRJ</collectionCode>
8581, one fragment).
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC901FF8BFBF8FB82FD23F66F" box="[644,698,1115,1141]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">ERG</emphasis>
-005,
<collectionCode id="ED37AE58C901FF8BFB81FB83FC33F66E" box="[765,938,1114,1140]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">SA-MAR ECO</collectionCode>
/Marion Dufresni, Rio Grande Rise, dredge,
<geoCoordinate id="EE12505AC901FF8BF9EBFBA7FEA9F682" box="[151,304,1150,1176]" degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="0" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="1" seconds="33.84" value="-30.0094">30º0’33.84”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE12505AC901FF8BF840FBA7FE44F683" box="[316,477,1150,1177]" degrees="36" direction="west" minutes="8" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" precision="1" seconds="37.32" value="-36.143703">36º8’37.32”W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C901FF8BF890FBA7FD10F683" box="[492,649,1150,1177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.33" metricValueMax="1.38" metricValueMin="1.28" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="1330.0" valueMax="1380.0" valueMin="1280.0">1280–1380 m</quantity>
, date:
<date id="FF98105DC901FF8BFBAEFBA7FCC9F682" box="[722,848,1150,1176]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2011-06-24">24/06/2011</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED37AE58C901FF8BFA23FBA7FC35F682" box="[863,940,1150,1176]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">MNRJ</collectionCode>
8590, one fragment).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C901FF8BF9BBFB78FAD7F452" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC901FF8BF9BBFB78FAD7F452" blockId="18.[151,1437,1005,2041]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC901FF8BF9BBFB78FEDBF6A6" bold="true" box="[199,322,1185,1212]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Corallum sparsely branched; pinnulate and subpinnulate. Primary pinnules in four rows; two rows on the anterior side of the axis and two posterolateral rows. Pinnules in anterior rows oftem aligned such that they appear as a single row when branch is viewed in cross section. Secondary pinnules present only on anterior primary pinnules, and arranged bilaterally; usually suboppositely, but sometimes offset to varying degrees. Two or more pairs of secondary pinnules on each anterior pinnule. Tertiary pinnules absent. Posterolateral primary pinnules mostly
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C901FF8BF995FA8CFEC9F76B" box="[233,336,1365,1393]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="cm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 cm</quantity>
long and inclined distally relative to the branch. Anterior primary pinnules mostly
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C901FF8BFD9FFA8CFAB7F76B" box="[1251,1326,1365,1393]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="cm" value="0.5">0.5 cm</quantity>
in length, but sometimes as long as posterolaterals. Secondary pinnules lying in the same plane as the anterior primary pinnules on which they occur and of varying length, with basal ones (relative to the direction of the anterior pinnule) longest, and sometimes nearly as long as posterolateral primary pinnules. Pinnular spines simple, smooth, conical to acicular, inclined distally; up to
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C901FF8BFB67FA3FFDE6F41B" box="[539,639,1510,1537]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="0.28">0.28 mm</quantity>
tall from center of base to apex (largest ones usually on secondary pinnules); arranged in irregular axial rows, three to five of which can be seen in lateral view; with two to three spines per millimetre in each row. Spines reduced in size on branches and stem. Polyps unknown (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC901FF8BFDEBF9F7FADBF452" author="Opresko, D. M." box="[1175,1346,1582,1608]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="495 - 536" refId="ref48892" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2003) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part III. Cladopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 77, 495 - 536." type="journal article" year="2003">Opresko, 2003</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C901FF8AF9BBF988FCFAF33A" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC901FF8AF9BBF988FCFAF33A" blockId="18.[151,1437,1005,2041]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,153,288]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC901FF8BF9BBF988FDF2F476" bold="true" box="[199,619,1617,1644]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Description of Brazilian specimens.</emphasis>
Four fragments branched up to fifth order, and pinnulated, with branches occurring mainly in one plane (
<figureCitation id="131D2A18C901FF8BF884F9AFFDD3F48A" box="[504,586,1654,1680]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,301,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,301,1820]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8. MNRJ 8590, MNRJ 8581: Trissopathes cf. tristicha (Van Pesch, 1914). a—(MNRJ 8590)—Corallum morphology; b (MNRJ 8581)—Pinnulation pattern; c (MNRJ 55 8581)—Organization of spines; d (MNRJ 8590)—Spines magnified." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3528958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3528958/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 8a</figureCitation>
). Angle of insertion of the branches of approximately 50 ° toward the distal end of the coral. Pinnules arranged in four rows, two posterior/lateral rows and two anterior rows. Anterior rows of primary pinnules aligned, appearing to form a single row. Length of posterolateral primary pinnules up to
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, usually between 7 and
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, inclined toward the distal end, with distal angle between 50° and 80° (
<figureCitation id="131D2A18C901FF8BFC40F93BFA16F4E7" box="[1340,1423,1762,1789]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,301,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,301,1820]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8. MNRJ 8590, MNRJ 8581: Trissopathes cf. tristicha (Van Pesch, 1914). a—(MNRJ 8590)—Corallum morphology; b (MNRJ 8581)—Pinnulation pattern; c (MNRJ 55 8581)—Organization of spines; d (MNRJ 8590)—Spines magnified." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3528958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3528958/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 8b</figureCitation>
). Length of anterior primary pinnules usually between 3 and
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, up to
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. Diameter close to the base of the posterolateral pinnules between 0.17 and
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, usually between 0.2 and
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. Distance between cycles of posterolateral pinnules mainly of
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C901FF8BF896F894FD12F573" box="[490,651,1869,1897]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5 to 2.5 mm</quantity>
, reaching
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. Number of primary pinnules per centimetre between 10 and 15, but up to 18 per centimetre in MNRJ 8581. Subpinnules occurring on the anterior primaries, number of 2 to 6 per anterior primary pinnule, appearing in sub-opposition, rarely alternately. Length of secondary pinnules up to
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C901FF8BF9C8F863FE9DF5CF" box="[180,260,1978,2005]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
in specimen MNRJ 8590. Basal diameter of secondary pinnules up to
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in specimen MNRJ 8601. Tertiary pinnules were absent in all analyzed samples. Angle of insertion of the secondary pinnules on the anterior primary of 80° to 120°. Conical spines, inclined towards the distal end of the pinnule, arranged in three to four rows visible in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="131D2A18C900FF8AF8E1FF64FE79F2C2" box="[413,480,189,216]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1875,1900]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,301,1820]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,301,1820]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8. MNRJ 8590, MNRJ 8581: Trissopathes cf. tristicha (Van Pesch, 1914). a—(MNRJ 8590)—Corallum morphology; b (MNRJ 8581)—Pinnulation pattern; c (MNRJ 55 8581)—Organization of spines; d (MNRJ 8590)—Spines magnified." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3528958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3528958/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
c–d). Size of spines usually varying between 0.05 and
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, but up to
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. Width of the base of the spines varying between 0.06 and
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. Distance between spines of the same row variable, usually near to
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. Polyps not visualized (lost tissue).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF596615C900FF8AF9EBF88AFAC5F58A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3528958" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3528958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3528958/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" startId="19.[151,250,1875,1900]" targetBox="[151,1436,301,1820]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC900FF8AF9EBF88AFAC5F58A" blockId="19.[151,1436,1875,1936]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC900FF8AF9EBF88AFE95F576" bold="true" box="[151,268,1875,1900]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FIGURE 8</emphasis>
. MNRJ 8590, MNRJ 8581:
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC900FF8AFB5BF88DFC78F576" authority="(Van Pesch, 1914)" authorityName="Van Pesch" authorityYear="1914" baseAuthorityName="Van Pesch" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[551,993,1875,1900]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Trissopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tristicha">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC900FF8AFB5BF88DFD3EF576" box="[551,679,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Trissopathes</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC900FF8AFBB1F88DFCB8F576" box="[717,801,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">tristicha</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC900FF8AFA51F88DFC43F576" author="Van Pesch" box="[813,986,1875,1900]" firstAuthor="Van Pesch" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refId="ref50100" refString="Van Pesch, A. J. (1914) The Antipatharia of the Siboga Expedition. EJ Brill, Leiden, 259 pp." type="book" year="1914">Van Pesch, 1914</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. a—(MNRJ 8590)—Corallum morphology; b (MNRJ 8581)—Pinnulation pattern; c (MNRJ 55 8581)—Organization of spines; d (MNRJ 8590)—Spines magnified.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C900FF8DF9BBF867FB22F391" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC900FF8DF9BBF867FB22F391" blockId="19.[151,1437,1981,2045]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1436,152,468]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC900FF8AF9BBF867FEA2F5C2" bold="true" box="[199,315,1982,2008]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks.</emphasis>
The specimens described here as
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC900FF8AFBCCF867FC5AF5C2" baseAuthorityName="Van Pesch" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[688,963,1982,2008]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Trissopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tristicha">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC900FF8AFBCCF867FCA7F5C2" box="[688,830,1982,2008]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Trissopathes</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC900FF8AFA1AF867FC5AF5C2" box="[870,963,1982,2008]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">tristicha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC900FF8AFD34F867FB4FF5C2" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2003" box="[1096,1238,1982,2008]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Trissopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC900FF8AFD34F867FB4FF5C2" box="[1096,1238,1982,2008]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Trissopathes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (MNRJ 8596) especially in the size of the spines. In MNRJ 8596 the spines reach up to
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in height, whereas in the specimens described here as
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC907FF8DF8E3FF40FD2DF2A9" baseAuthorityName="Van Pesch" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[415,692,153,179]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Trissopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tristicha">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC907FF8DF8E3FF40FDB4F2A9" box="[415,557,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Trissopathes</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC907FF8DFB2BFF40FD2DF2A9" box="[599,692,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">tristicha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spines were observed reaching up to
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on anterior and secondary pinnules. As described for
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC907FF8DFB6EFF64FC9BF2CD" baseAuthorityName="Van Pesch" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[530,770,189,215]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Trissopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tristicha">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC907FF8DFB6EFF64FC9BF2CD" box="[530,770,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Trissopathes tristicha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC907FF8DFA40FF64FC7AF2CD" author="Opresko, D. M." box="[828,995,189,215]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="495 - 536" refId="ref48892" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2003) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part III. Cladopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 77, 495 - 536." type="journal article" year="2003">Opresko, 2003</bibRefCitation>
), the material from the Rio Grande Rise presents anterior pinnules with up to 6 subpinnules. However, the spines of our specimens are smaller than those in the type of
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC907FF8DF84FFEDFFE32F305" baseAuthorityName="Van Pesch" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[307,427,261,287]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Trissopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tristicha">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC907FF8DF84FFEDFFE32F305" box="[307,427,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">T. tristicha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(up to
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in
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC907FF8DFBFFFEDFFCB8F305" baseAuthorityName="Van Pesch" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[643,801,261,287]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Trissopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tristicha">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC907FF8DFBFFFEDFFD0AF305" box="[643,659,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">T</emphasis>
. cf.
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC907FF8DFBB8FEDCFCB8F305" box="[708,801,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">tristicha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and up to
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in the
<typeStatus id="549D883FC907FF8DFD22FEDCFB5CF33A" box="[1118,1221,261,288]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). These differences may indicate the existence of a wide range of variation in the size of spines for species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC907FF8DFC74FEF0FA0FF359" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2003" box="[1288,1430,297,323]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Trissopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC907FF8DFC74FEF0FA0FF359" box="[1288,1430,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Trissopathes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Lastly,
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC907FF8DF990FE94FD9EF37D" baseAuthorityName="Van Pesch" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[236,519,333,359]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Trissopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tristicha">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC907FF8DF990FE94FEE3F37D" box="[236,378,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Trissopathes</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC907FF8DF8D6FE94FD9EF37D" box="[426,519,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">tristicha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC907FF8DFBDFFE94FC3CF37D" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2003" box="[675,933,333,359]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Trisopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tetracrada">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC907FF8DFBDFFE94FC3CF37D" box="[675,933,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Trisopathes tetracrada</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C264D1EC907FF8DFA9DFE94FABFF37D" authorityName="Opresko" authorityYear="2003" box="[993,1318,333,359]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Trissopathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pseudotristicha">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC907FF8DFA9DFE94FABFF37D" box="[993,1318,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Trissopathes pseudotristicha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mainly in subpinnulation pattern, a characteristic that is diagnostic for species of the genus (see
<tableCitation id="C6A40326C907FF8DFD24FEA8FB30F391" box="[1112,1193,369,395]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="20.[151,239,514,538]" captionTargetBox="[166,1417,550,1200]" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison between species of the genus Trissopathes Opresko, 2003." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF596615C907FF8DF9EBFDDBFB91F001" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" tableUuid="DF596615C907FF8DF9EBFDDBFB91F001">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C6516C907FF8DF9BBFE4DFB28F3CE" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B99369DC907FF8DF9BBFE4DFB28F3CE" blockId="20.[151,1436,152,468]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B952EA8FC907FF8DF9BBFE4DFEF8F3B5" bold="true" box="[199,353,404,431]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F331760DC907FF8DF816FE4CFE71F3B5" box="[362,488,405,431]" name="Philippines" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Philippines</collectingCountry>
and South Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC907FF8DFB9FFE4CFC3FF3B5" author="Van Pesch" box="[739,934,405,431]" firstAuthor="Van Pesch" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref50100" refString="Van Pesch, A. J. (1914) The Antipatharia of the Siboga Expedition. EJ Brill, Leiden, 259 pp." type="book" year="1914">Van Pesch, 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC907FF8DFAC8FE4CFBC4F3B5" author="Opresko, D. M." box="[948,1117,405,431]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="495 - 536" refId="ref48892" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2003) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part III. Cladopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 77, 495 - 536." type="journal article" year="2003">Opresko, 2003</bibRefCitation>
) and southwestern Atlantic, Rio Grande Rise (herein) (
<figureCitation id="131D2A18C907FF8DF8BDFE60FD9CF3C9" box="[449,517,441,467]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1949,1974]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,1272,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,1272,1896]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 9. Geographic distribution of Genus Trissopathes Opresko, 2003. Yellow circles: records extracted from the literature (Opresko, 2003) and based on Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS). Red circle: record made in the present work." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3528962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3528962/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
); from
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C907FF8DFB25FE60FD39F3C9" box="[601,672,441,467]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="430.0">430 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB74B6CC907FF8DFBD2FE60FCCEF3C9" author="Opresko, D. M." box="[686,855,441,467]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="495 - 536" refId="ref48892" refString="Opresko, D. M. (2003) Revision of the Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Part III. Cladopathidae. Zoologische Mededelingen, 77, 495 - 536." type="journal article" year="2003">Opresko, 2003</bibRefCitation>
) to
<quantity id="4CDE9B78C907FF8DFAFEFE60FC4EF3C9" box="[898,983,441,467]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</quantity>
depths (this work).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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