391 lines
59 KiB
XML
391 lines
59 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="B5AE3E3463E5CDB1E139097F6AE7DA51">Scanning electron microscopy study of Lars Silén’s cheilostome bryozoan type specimens in the historical collections of natural history museums in Sweden</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="32793F5B74EDFBA1CE7C8214603525C5">Martino, Emanuela Di</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="06B5D9F4AD40B4CB5F5F7A7BEEEEAE3C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D7F66B98349D69C4B3872CE3795252C0">
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<mods:date id="AD0497D4FEC217FCC4C484E0680CAD5C">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="30C5DE71CB1ED61CB75F62E6CBE63F55">2023-11-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E2CA80D02BF25147B9968530F9337010">5379</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="8E8A7AEDCA8C7F10EA8E0BE16F71AB30">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9603E2BB7D2EBD264A9189F424346118" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5379.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="902A9760C9ED892AFD2408B1BCE135F4" type="ISSN">1175-5334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4B6E902EFFE7FFC5FF46FB61194CFC4E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4B6E902EFFE7FFC5FF46FB61194CFC4E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4B6E902EFFE7FFC5FF46FB61194CFC4E" lastPageId="80" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFE7FFD8FF46FB611EDFFAAF" box="[151,651,1266,1293]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C3782138FFE7FFD8FF46FB611EDFFAAF" blockId="77.[151,651,1266,1329]" box="[151,651,1266,1293]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<heading id="98309654FFE7FFD8FF46FB611EDFFAAF" bold="true" box="[151,651,1266,1293]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFE7FFD8FF46FB611EDFFAAF" ID-CoL="XLCP" authority="Silen, 1947 a" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1947" box="[151,651,1266,1293]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Conescharellinidae" genus="Conescharellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE7FFD8FF46FB611EDFFAAF" bold="true" box="[151,651,1266,1293]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE7FFD8FF46FB611DBAFAAE" bold="true" box="[151,494,1266,1293]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Conescharellina brevirostris</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFE7FFD8FE27FB611EDFFAAF" author="Silen, L." box="[502,651,1266,1293]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref64011" refString="Silen, L. (1947 a) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén, 1947a</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFE7FFD8FF46FA841D3CFA92" box="[151,360,1303,1329]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C3782138FFE7FFD8FF46FA841D3CFA92" blockId="77.[151,651,1266,1329]" box="[151,360,1303,1329]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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(
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<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFE7FFD8FF4EFA841CA7FA92" box="[159,243,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-28@78.[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 42. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947a. SMNH-Type-4604, Java Sea, Malay Archipelago. A, E. Lateral views of two colonies. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. C. Close-up of an orifice showing the proximolaterally developed peristome. D. Close-up of an avicularium. F. Apical view of a colony. G. Close-up of the apical kenozooids. H. Antapical view of a colony. I, J. Close-ups of the antapical surface and avicularia. Scale bars: A, E, F, H = 500 µm; B, C = 100 µm; D = 200 µm; G, I = 300 µm; J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209190/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
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||
;
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||
<tableCitation id="8E451483FFE7FFD8FF2FFA841D34FA92" box="[254,352,1303,1329]" captionStart="TABLE 37" captionStartId="79.[151,239,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 37. Measurements in µm of Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947. Syntype SMNH-Type-4604a." pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Table 37</tableCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFE7FFD8FF46FAC81FD1FAD0" box="[151,901,1371,1395]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C3782138FFE7FFD8FF46FAC81FD1FAD0" blockId="77.[151,901,1371,1395]" box="[151,901,1371,1395]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="E3D70616FFE7FFD8FF46FAC81FD1FAD0" box="[151,901,1371,1395]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<treatmentCitation id="42660729FFE7FFD8FF46FAC81E32FAD0" author="Silen, L." box="[151,614,1371,1395]" page="39" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" year="1947">
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<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFE7FFD8FF46FAC81E32FAD0" ID-CoL="XLCP" authority="Silen, 1947 a: 39" authorityName="Silen" authorityPageNumber="39" authorityYear="1947" box="[151,614,1371,1395]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Conescharellinidae" genus="Conescharellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE7FFD8FF46FAC81DECFAD0" box="[151,440,1371,1395]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Conescharellina brevirostris</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFE7FFD8FE6EFAC81E32FAD0" author="Silen, L." box="[447,614,1371,1395]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref64011" refString="Silen, L. (1947 a) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén, 1947a: 39</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, text-figs 24, pl. 1, figs 4–6.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFE7FFD8FF46FA321F8BF984" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFE7FFD8FF46FA321F99FA7C" blockId="77.[151,1437,1441,1972]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE7FFD8FF46FA321DDEFA18" bold="true" box="[151,394,1441,1467]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="73AF2B65FFE7FFD8FE4AFA321F9CFA7C" collectorName="Leg. C. Aurivillius" county="Sea" elevation="17" location="Malay Archipelago" municipality="Noordwachter Island" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jawa Timur" typeStatus="syntype">
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||
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFE7FFD8FE4AFA321E52FA18" box="[411,518,1441,1467]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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||
: SMNH-Type-4604 (four colonies),
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||
<collectingRegion id="0103EFDAFFE7FFD8FC14FA311FA3FA1F" box="[965,1015,1442,1468]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Java</collectingRegion>
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||
<collectingCounty id="2A1959B4FFE7FFD8FBD6FA321866FA18" box="[1031,1074,1441,1467]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Sea</collectingCounty>
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,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="231CBB42FFE7FFD8FB99FA32196BFA18" box="[1096,1343,1441,1467]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Noordwachter Island</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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||
<location id="C61877E3FFE7FFD8FA84FA321D71FA7C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4B6E902EFFE7FFC5FF46FB61194CFC4E:C61877E3FFE7FFD8FA84FA321D71FA7C" county="Sea" municipality="Noordwachter Island" name="Malay Archipelago" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Jawa Timur">Malay Archipelago</location>
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||
; 2°56'S, 107°55'E; depth
|
||
<quantity id="043F8CDDFFE7FFD8FD95FA561EFEFA43" box="[580,682,1477,1504]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="16.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="15.0">
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||
<elevation id="48EAC60BFFE7FFD8FD95FA561EFEFA43" box="[580,682,1477,1504]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="16.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="15.0">15–18 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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.
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||
<collectorName id="6E3244EEFFE7FFD8FD65FA551FD2FA7C" box="[692,902,1477,1504]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Leg. C. Aurivillius</collectorName>
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1891
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||
</materialsCitation>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFE7FFD8FF16FA7A1F8BF984" blockId="77.[151,1437,1441,1972]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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Other material:
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||
<materialsCitation id="73AF2B65FFE7FFD8FEA6FA7A1F8FF984" country="Japan" county="Ie Island" elevation="29" location="Holocene" municipality="Daidokutsu" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Okinawa">
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<location id="C61877E3FFE7FFD8FEA6FA7A1DB1F9A0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4B6E902EFFE7FFC5FF46FB61194CFC4E:C61877E3FFE7FFD8FEA6FA7A1DB1F9A0" box="[375,485,1513,1539]" country="Japan" county="Ie Island" municipality="Daidokutsu" name="Holocene" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Okinawa">Holocene</location>
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,
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||
<location id="C61877E3FFE7FFD8FE3EFA7A1E71F9A0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4B6E902EFFE7FFC5FF46FB61194CFC4E:C61877E3FFE7FFD8FE3EFA7A1E71F9A0" box="[495,549,1513,1539]" country="Japan" county="Ie Island" municipality="Daidokutsu" name="Core" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Okinawa">Core</location>
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19, sample 19053,
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<quantity id="043F8CDDFFE7FFD8FD2CFA7A1F3FF9A7" box="[765,875,1513,1540]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="cm" value="52.5" valueMax="53.0" valueMin="52.0">52–53 cm</quantity>
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core depth,
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<collectingMunicipality id="231CBB42FFE7FFD8FC22FA7A1820F9A0" box="[1011,1140,1513,1539]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Daidokutsu</collectingMunicipality>
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submarine cave,
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<collectingCounty id="2A1959B4FFE7FFD8FAE4FA7919CCF9A0" box="[1333,1432,1513,1540]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Ie Island</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="0103EFDAFFE7FFD8FF46F99E1CABF984" box="[151,255,1549,1575]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="BBD061A8FFE7FFD8FEDBF99D1D19F98B" box="[266,333,1550,1576]" name="Japan" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Japan</collectingCountry>
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; 26.72°N, 127.83°E; water depth
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<quantity id="043F8CDDFFE7FFD8FD19F99E1F55F98B" box="[712,769,1549,1576]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="29.0">
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<elevation id="48EAC60BFFE7FFD8FD19F99E1F55F98B" box="[712,769,1549,1576]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="29.0">29 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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(
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<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFE7FFD8FCC1F99E1F36F984" box="[784,866,1549,1575]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-115@79.[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 43. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947. Daidokutsu submarine cave, Ie Island, Okinawa, Japan. A. Lateral view of the colony. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. The arrow indicates the adventitious avicularium distolaterally to the orifice. C. Antapical view of a colony. D. Close-ups of the central antapical surface with avicularia. Scale bars: A, C = 200 µm; B = 100 µm; D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209192/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<tableCitation id="8E451483FFE7FFD8FCBFF99E1F86F984" box="[878,978,1549,1575]" captionStart="TABLE 38" captionStartId="80.[151,239,1046,1070]" captionText="TABLE 38. Measurements in µm of Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947a from Daidokutsu submarine cave, Ie Island, Okinawa, Japan." pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Table 38</tableCitation>
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)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFE7FFC5FF16F9A21D97FDC2" lastPageId="80" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C3782138FFE7FFD8FF16F9A21950F914" blockId="77.[151,1437,1441,1972]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE7FFD8FF16F9A21D0DF9E8" bold="true" box="[199,345,1585,1611]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Colony small, conical, flattened, height
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||
<quantity id="043F8CDDFFE7FFD8FCFEF9A21FA5F9EF" box="[815,1009,1585,1612]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.261" metricValueMax="1.284" metricValueMin="1.238" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="1.261" valueMax="1.284" valueMin="1.238">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A6F347FFFFE7FFD8FCFEF9A21F3AF9E8" box="[815,878,1585,1611]" degrees="1.238" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" precision="55" value="1.238">1.238</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="A6F347FFFFE7FFD8FCBFF9A21FEFF9E8" box="[878,955,1585,1611]" degrees="1.284" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" precision="55" value="-1.284">–1.284</geoCoordinate>
|
||
mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
and basal diameter
|
||
<quantity id="043F8CDDFFE7FFD8FB0AF9A219C9F9EF" box="[1243,1437,1585,1612]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4344999999999999" metricValueMax="1.605" metricValueMin="1.264" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="1.4344999999999999" valueMax="1.605" valueMin="1.264">
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<geoCoordinate id="A6F347FFFFE7FFD8FB0AF9A2194EF9EF" box="[1243,1306,1585,1612]" degrees="1.264" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" precision="55" value="1.264">1.264</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="A6F347FFFFE7FFD8FACBF9A21933F9EF" box="[1306,1383,1585,1612]" degrees="1.605" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" precision="55" value="-1.605">–1.605</geoCoordinate>
|
||
mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFE7FFD8FF35F9C51D12F9D3" box="[228,326,1622,1648]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFE7FFD8FE88F9C61DFBF9CC" box="[345,431,1621,1647]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-28@78.[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 42. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947a. SMNH-Type-4604, Java Sea, Malay Archipelago. A, E. Lateral views of two colonies. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. C. Close-up of an orifice showing the proximolaterally developed peristome. D. Close-up of an avicularium. F. Apical view of a colony. G. Close-up of the apical kenozooids. H. Antapical view of a colony. I, J. Close-ups of the antapical surface and avicularia. Scale bars: A, E, F, H = 500 µm; B, C = 100 µm; D = 200 µm; G, I = 300 µm; J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209190/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
|
||
), height
|
||
<quantity id="043F8CDDFFE7FFD8FDC9F9C61ED9F9D3" box="[536,653,1621,1648]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.200 mm</quantity>
|
||
and basal diameter
|
||
<quantity id="043F8CDDFFE7FFD8FCABF9C61FBBF9D3" box="[890,1007,1621,1648]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.378" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="1.378">1.378 mm</quantity>
|
||
in the Holocene specimen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFE7FFD8FAE9F9C619DBF9CC" box="[1336,1423,1621,1647]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-115@79.[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 43. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947. Daidokutsu submarine cave, Ie Island, Okinawa, Japan. A. Lateral view of the colony. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. The arrow indicates the adventitious avicularium distolaterally to the orifice. C. Antapical view of a colony. D. Close-ups of the central antapical surface with avicularia. Scale bars: A, C = 200 µm; B = 100 µm; D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209192/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
), with 12–18 slightly prominent, narrow, radial costules corresponding with the raised peristomes of the autozooids, alternating with intercostular valleys occupied by rows of interzooidal avicularia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFE7FFD8FBFCF90E18E3F91B" box="[1069,1207,1693,1720]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-28@78.[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 42. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947a. SMNH-Type-4604, Java Sea, Malay Archipelago. A, E. Lateral views of two colonies. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. C. Close-up of an orifice showing the proximolaterally developed peristome. D. Close-up of an avicularium. F. Apical view of a colony. G. Close-up of the apical kenozooids. H. Antapical view of a colony. I, J. Close-ups of the antapical surface and avicularia. Scale bars: A, E, F, H = 500 µm; B, C = 100 µm; D = 200 µm; G, I = 300 µm; J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209190/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Figs 42A, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFE7FFD8FB12F90E18ACF914" box="[1219,1272,1693,1719]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-115@79.[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 43. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947. Daidokutsu submarine cave, Ie Island, Okinawa, Japan. A. Lateral view of the colony. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. The arrow indicates the adventitious avicularium distolaterally to the orifice. C. Antapical view of a colony. D. Close-ups of the central antapical surface with avicularia. Scale bars: A, C = 200 µm; B = 100 µm; D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209192/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">43A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFE7FFD8FF16F9521FBDF810" blockId="77.[151,1437,1441,1972]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
Autozooids arranged in radial rows corresponding to the prominent costules, with four autozooids per row; orifices of autozooids in the same costule vertically aligned but alternating with orifices of autozooids in neighbouring costules; autozooids of the antapical surface somewhat elliptical, almost as long as wide (mean L/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A6F347FFFFE7FFD8FB2FF89A1906F880" box="[1278,1362,1801,1827]" degrees="0.94" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" precision="555" value="-0.94">
|
||
W
|
||
<quantity id="043F8CDDFFE7FFD8FAF0F89A1906F880" box="[1313,1362,1801,1827]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3876" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="in" value="0.94">0.94</quantity>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFE7FFD8FF46F8BD1CA9F8EB" box="[151,253,1838,1864]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="043F8CDDFFE7FFD8FEDBF8BE1D33F8E4" box="[266,359,1837,1863]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.72288" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" unit="in" value="1.072">1.072 in</quantity>
|
||
the Holocene specimen); interzooidal communication through small, circular, uniporous pore-chamber windows, 2–4 along each lateral margin of the zooids, 8–18 µm in diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFE7FFD8FB51F8C218BEF8C8" box="[1152,1258,1873,1899]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-28@78.[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 42. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947a. SMNH-Type-4604, Java Sea, Malay Archipelago. A, E. Lateral views of two colonies. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. C. Close-up of an orifice showing the proximolaterally developed peristome. D. Close-up of an avicularium. F. Apical view of a colony. G. Close-up of the apical kenozooids. H. Antapical view of a colony. I, J. Close-ups of the antapical surface and avicularia. Scale bars: A, E, F, H = 500 µm; B, C = 100 µm; D = 200 µm; G, I = 300 µm; J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209190/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 42C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Frontal shield convex around the orifice, flat centrally, smooth, nodular, imperforate except for one or two elliptical marginal areolar pores (10–15 µm in maximum diameter) placed laterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFE7FFD8FCA7F80A1F88F810" box="[886,988,1945,1971]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-115@79.[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 43. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947. Daidokutsu submarine cave, Ie Island, Okinawa, Japan. A. Lateral view of the colony. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. The arrow indicates the adventitious avicularium distolaterally to the orifice. C. Antapical view of a colony. D. Close-ups of the central antapical surface with avicularia. Scale bars: A, C = 200 µm; B = 100 µm; D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209192/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 43B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="97B871B0FFE4FFDBFF46F8B31D61F84E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209190" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10209190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209190/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" startId="78.[151,250,1824,1848]" targetBox="[261,1327,181,1800]" targetPageId="78" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFE4FFDBFF46F8B31D61F84E" blockId="78.[151,1437,1824,2029]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE4FFDBFF46F8B31D74F89B" bold="true" box="[151,288,1824,1848]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">FIGURE 42.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFE4FFDBFEF7F8B31E84F89B" authority="Silen, 1947 a" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1947" box="[294,720,1824,1848]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Conescharellinidae" genus="Conescharellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE4FFDBFEF7F8B31E13F89B" box="[294,583,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Conescharellina brevirostris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFE4FFDBFD9FF8B31E84F89B" author="Silen, L." box="[590,720,1824,1848]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref64011" refString="Silen, L. (1947 a) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén, 1947a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. SMNH-Type-4604, Java Sea, Malay Archipelago. A, E. Lateral views of two colonies. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. C. Close-up of an orifice showing the proximolaterally developed peristome. D. Close-up of an avicularium. F. Apical view of a colony. G. Close-up of the apical kenozooids. H. Antapical view of a colony. I, J. Close-ups of the antapical surface and avicularia. Scale bars: A, E, F, H = 500 µm; B, C = 100 µm; D = 200 µm; G, I = 300 µm; J = 50 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="97B871B0FFE5FFDAFF46FF041948FF0C" box="[151,1308,151,176]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" startId="79.[151,239,151,175]" targetType="table">
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFE5FFDAFF46FF041948FF0C" blockId="79.[151,1308,151,176]" box="[151,1308,151,176]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFF46FF041D4CFF0C" bold="true" box="[151,280,151,175]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">TABLE 37.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements in µm of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFE5FFDAFDF5FF041F8CFF13" authority="Silen, 1947" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1947" box="[548,984,151,176]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Conescharellinidae" genus="Conescharellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFDF5FF041F07FF0C" box="[548,851,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Conescharellina brevirostris</emphasis>
|
||
Silén, 1947
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Syntype SMNH-Type-4604a.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFE5FFDAFE75FF2C191DFDBA" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<table id="B1C7D398FFE5006AFF72FF2C1901FDB9" box="[163,1365,191,538]" colsContinueFrom="75.[163,1367,1375,1944]" colsContinueIn="80.[163,1356,1121,1418]" gridcols="6" gridrows="9" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE5006AFF72FF2C1901FF74" box="[163,1365,191,215]" gridrow="0" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="3E264A06FFE5006AFE75FF2C1E20FF74" box="[420,628,191,215]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFE75FF2C1E20FF74" bold="true" box="[420,628,191,215]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">N (zooids, colonies)</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="3E264A06FFE5006AFD31FF2C1F4AFF74" box="[736,798,191,215]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFD31FF2C1F4AFF74" bold="true" box="[736,798,191,215]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Mean</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="3E264A06FFE5006AFC7AFF2C1F86FF74" box="[939,978,191,215]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFC7FFF2C1F9AFF74" bold="true" box="[942,974,191,215]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">SD</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="3E264A06FFE5006AFBB6FF2C18C0FF74" box="[1127,1172,191,215]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFBB6FF2C18C0FF74" bold="true" box="[1127,1172,191,215]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Min</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="3E264A06FFE5006AFAF5FF2C1901FF74" box="[1316,1365,191,215]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFAF5FF2C1901FF74" bold="true" box="[1316,1365,191,215]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Max</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE5006AFF72FF741901FEA3" box="[163,1365,231,256]" gridrow="1" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<th id="3E264A06FFE5006AFF72FF741D00FEA3" box="[163,340,231,256]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFF72FF741C97FF5C" bold="true" box="[163,195,231,255]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">ZL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFE75FF741E20FEA3" box="[420,628,231,256]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">8, 1</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFD31FF741F4AFEA3" box="[736,798,231,256]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">210</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFC7AFF741F86FEA3" box="[939,978,231,256]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">±8</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFBB6FF7418C0FEA3" box="[1127,1172,231,256]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">198</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFAF5FF741901FEA3" box="[1316,1365,231,256]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">220</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE5006AFF72FE831901FE8B" box="[163,1365,272,296]" gridrow="2" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<th id="3E264A06FFE5006AFF72FE831D00FE8B" box="[163,340,272,296]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFF72FE831C99FE8B" bold="true" box="[163,205,272,296]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">ZW</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFE75FE831E20FE8B" box="[420,628,272,296]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">8, 1</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFD31FE831F4AFE8B" box="[736,798,272,296]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">223</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFC7AFE831F86FE8B" box="[939,978,272,296]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">±14</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFBB6FE8318C0FE8B" box="[1127,1172,272,296]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">200</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFAF5FE831901FE8B" box="[1316,1365,272,296]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">243</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE5006AFF72FEAB1901FEF3" box="[163,1365,312,336]" gridrow="3" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<th id="3E264A06FFE5006AFF72FEAB1D00FEF3" box="[163,340,312,336]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFF72FEAB1C9CFEF3" bold="true" box="[163,200,312,336]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">OL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFE75FEAB1E20FEF3" box="[420,628,312,336]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">1, 1</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFD31FEAB1F4AFEF3" box="[736,798,312,336]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">122</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFC7AFEAB1F86FEF3" box="[939,978,312,336]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">–</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFBB6FEAB18C0FEF3" box="[1127,1172,312,336]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">122</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFAF5FEAB1901FEF3" box="[1316,1365,312,336]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">122</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE5006AFF72FEF31901FEDA" box="[163,1365,352,377]" gridrow="4" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<th id="3E264A06FFE5006AFF72FEF31D00FEDA" box="[163,340,352,377]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFF72FEF31C84FEDB" bold="true" box="[163,208,352,376]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">OW</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFE75FEF31E20FEDA" box="[420,628,352,377]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">1, 1</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFD31FEF31F4AFEDA" box="[736,798,352,377]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">119</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFC7AFEF31F86FEDA" box="[939,978,352,377]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">–</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFBB6FEF318C0FEDA" box="[1127,1172,352,377]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">119</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFAF5FEF31901FEDA" box="[1316,1365,352,377]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">119</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE5006AFF72FE1B1901FE02" box="[163,1365,392,417]" gridrow="5" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<th id="3E264A06FFE5006AFF72FE1B1D00FE02" box="[163,340,392,417]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFF72FE1B1C85FE03" bold="true" box="[163,209,392,416]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">AvL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFE75FE1B1E20FE02" box="[420,628,392,417]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">6, 1</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFD31FE1B1F4AFE02" box="[736,798,392,417]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">41</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFC7AFE1B1F86FE02" box="[939,978,392,417]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">±8</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFBB6FE1B18C0FE02" box="[1127,1172,392,417]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">33</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFAF5FE1B1901FE02" box="[1316,1365,392,417]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">54</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE5006AFF72FE231901FE6A" box="[163,1365,432,457]" gridrow="6" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<th id="3E264A06FFE5006AFF72FE231D00FE6A" box="[163,340,432,457]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFF72FE231C8DFE6B" bold="true" box="[163,217,432,456]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">AvW</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFE75FE231E20FE6A" box="[420,628,432,457]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">6, 1</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFD31FE231F4AFE6A" box="[736,798,432,457]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">39</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFC7AFE231F86FE6A" box="[939,978,432,457]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">±5</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFBB6FE2318C0FE6A" box="[1127,1172,432,457]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">34</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFAF5FE231901FE6A" box="[1316,1365,432,457]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">48</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE5006AFF72FE4B1901FE52" box="[163,1365,472,497]" gridrow="7" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<th id="3E264A06FFE5006AFF72FE4B1D00FE52" box="[163,340,472,497]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFF72FE4A1D1EFE53" bold="true" box="[163,330,472,497]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">AvL (antapical)</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFE75FE4B1E20FE52" box="[420,628,472,497]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">7, 1</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFD31FE4B1F4AFE52" box="[736,798,472,497]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">45</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFC7AFE4B1F86FE52" box="[939,978,472,497]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">±3</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFBB6FE4B18C0FE52" box="[1127,1172,472,497]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">41</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFAF5FE4B1901FE52" box="[1316,1365,472,497]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">50</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7DF7237AFFE5006AFF72FD921901FDB9" box="[163,1365,513,538]" gridrow="8" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<th id="3E264A06FFE5006AFF72FD921D00FDB9" box="[163,340,513,538]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFF72FD921D00FDBA" bold="true" box="[163,340,513,537]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">AvW (antapical)</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFE75FD921E20FDB9" box="[420,628,513,538]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">7, 1</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFD31FD921F4AFDB9" box="[736,798,513,538]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">48</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFC7AFD921F86FDB9" box="[939,978,513,538]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">±6</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFBB6FD9218C0FDB9" box="[1127,1172,513,538]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">39</td>
|
||
<td id="3E264A06FFE5006AFAF5FD921901FDB9" box="[1316,1365,513,538]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">57</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="97B871B0FFE5FFDAFF46F8811D1EF818" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209192" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10209192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209192/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" startId="79.[151,250,1810,1834]" targetBox="[151,1435,563,1786]" targetPageId="79" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFE5FFDAFF46F8811D1EF818" blockId="79.[151,1437,1810,1979]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFF46F8811D77F889" bold="true" box="[151,291,1810,1834]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">FIGURE 43.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFE5FFDAFEFCF8811E82F889" authority="Silen, 1947" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1947" box="[301,726,1810,1834]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Conescharellinidae" genus="Conescharellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFE5FFDAFEFCF8811E05F889" box="[301,593,1810,1834]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Conescharellina brevirostris</emphasis>
|
||
Silén, 1947
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Daidokutsu submarine cave, Ie Island, Okinawa, Japan. A. Lateral view of the colony. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. The arrow indicates the adventitious avicularium distolaterally to the orifice. C. Antapical view of a colony. D. Close-ups of the central antapical surface with avicularia. Scale bars: A, C = 200 µm; B = 100 µm; D = 100 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFFAFFC5FF16FF041E9BFEBE" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
Primary orifice with semielliptical anter (mean L/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A6F347FFFFFAFFC5FCD7FF041F08FF12" box="[774,860,151,177]" degrees="1.28" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" precision="555" value="-1.28">W 1.28</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) and rounded triangular condyles, 8–10 µm long, pointing medio-distally and defining a shallow U-shaped sinus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFAFFC5FC53FF281FA4FF76" box="[898,1008,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-28@78.[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 42. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947a. SMNH-Type-4604, Java Sea, Malay Archipelago. A, E. Lateral views of two colonies. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. C. Close-up of an orifice showing the proximolaterally developed peristome. D. Close-up of an avicularium. F. Apical view of a colony. G. Close-up of the apical kenozooids. H. Antapical view of a colony. I, J. Close-ups of the antapical surface and avicularia. Scale bars: A, E, F, H = 500 µm; B, C = 100 µm; D = 200 µm; G, I = 300 µm; J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209190/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Figs 42B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFAFFC5FC2EFF281865FF76" box="[1023,1073,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-115@79.[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 43. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947. Daidokutsu submarine cave, Ie Island, Okinawa, Japan. A. Lateral view of the colony. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. The arrow indicates the adventitious avicularium distolaterally to the orifice. C. Antapical view of a colony. D. Close-ups of the central antapical surface with avicularia. Scale bars: A, C = 200 µm; B = 100 µm; D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209192/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">43B</figureCitation>
|
||
); apical pore absent; peristome collar-like, well developed laterally and proximally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFAFFC5FD32FF4C1F38FF5A" box="[739,876,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-28@78.[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 42. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947a. SMNH-Type-4604, Java Sea, Malay Archipelago. A, E. Lateral views of two colonies. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. C. Close-up of an orifice showing the proximolaterally developed peristome. D. Close-up of an avicularium. F. Apical view of a colony. G. Close-up of the apical kenozooids. H. Antapical view of a colony. I, J. Close-ups of the antapical surface and avicularia. Scale bars: A, E, F, H = 500 µm; B, C = 100 µm; D = 200 µm; G, I = 300 µm; J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209190/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Figs 42B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFAFFC5FCA9FF4C1F9EFF5A" box="[888,970,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-115@79.[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 43. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947. Daidokutsu submarine cave, Ie Island, Okinawa, Japan. A. Lateral view of the colony. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. The arrow indicates the adventitious avicularium distolaterally to the orifice. C. Antapical view of a colony. D. Close-ups of the central antapical surface with avicularia. Scale bars: A, C = 200 µm; B = 100 µm; D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209192/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">43A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
), forming a proximal concave shelf about 25–30 µm wide, absent or little developed distally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFFAFFC5FF16FEB41EB3FE72" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
Interzooidal avicularia circular arranged in radial, sinuous or linear rows along the furrows between costules, with 6–8 avicularia per row, rostrum slightly raised, randomly directed, either distolaterally or proximolaterally, crossbar complete (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFAFFC5FEDFFEFC1D28FE2A" box="[270,380,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-28@78.[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 42. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947a. SMNH-Type-4604, Java Sea, Malay Archipelago. A, E. Lateral views of two colonies. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. C. Close-up of an orifice showing the proximolaterally developed peristome. D. Close-up of an avicularium. F. Apical view of a colony. G. Close-up of the apical kenozooids. H. Antapical view of a colony. I, J. Close-ups of the antapical surface and avicularia. Scale bars: A, E, F, H = 500 µm; B, C = 100 µm; D = 200 µm; G, I = 300 µm; J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209190/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Figs 42D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFAFFC5FE58FEFC1DEFFE2A" box="[393,443,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-115@79.[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 43. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947. Daidokutsu submarine cave, Ie Island, Okinawa, Japan. A. Lateral view of the colony. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. The arrow indicates the adventitious avicularium distolaterally to the orifice. C. Antapical view of a colony. D. Close-ups of the central antapical surface with avicularia. Scale bars: A, C = 200 µm; B = 100 µm; D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209192/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">43B</figureCitation>
|
||
). An additional adventitious avicularium only in some autozooids, placed distolaterally to the orifice, lying on the peristome, elliptical, with blunt triangular rostrum directed proximolaterally, and with complete crossbar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFAFFC5FEA0FE241DAFFE72" box="[369,507,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-28@78.[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 42. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947a. SMNH-Type-4604, Java Sea, Malay Archipelago. A, E. Lateral views of two colonies. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. C. Close-up of an orifice showing the proximolaterally developed peristome. D. Close-up of an avicularium. F. Apical view of a colony. G. Close-up of the apical kenozooids. H. Antapical view of a colony. I, J. Close-ups of the antapical surface and avicularia. Scale bars: A, E, F, H = 500 µm; B, C = 100 µm; D = 200 µm; G, I = 300 µm; J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209190/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Figs 42A, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFAFFC5FDD6FE241E0CFE72" box="[519,600,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-115@79.[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 43. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947. Daidokutsu submarine cave, Ie Island, Okinawa, Japan. A. Lateral view of the colony. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. The arrow indicates the adventitious avicularium distolaterally to the orifice. C. Antapical view of a colony. D. Close-ups of the central antapical surface with avicularia. Scale bars: A, C = 200 µm; B = 100 µm; D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209192/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">43A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
see arrows).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFFAFFC5FF16FE481D7AFD9E" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
Apical surface coarsely tubercular, occupied by kenozooids and avicularia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFAFFC5FBDEFE4818C5FE56" box="[1039,1169,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-28@78.[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 42. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947a. SMNH-Type-4604, Java Sea, Malay Archipelago. A, E. Lateral views of two colonies. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. C. Close-up of an orifice showing the proximolaterally developed peristome. D. Close-up of an avicularium. F. Apical view of a colony. G. Close-up of the apical kenozooids. H. Antapical view of a colony. I, J. Close-ups of the antapical surface and avicularia. Scale bars: A, E, F, H = 500 µm; B, C = 100 µm; D = 200 µm; G, I = 300 µm; J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209190/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 42F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
); antapical surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFAFFC5FABEFE481C83FDBA" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-28@78.[261,1327,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 42. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947a. SMNH-Type-4604, Java Sea, Malay Archipelago. A, E. Lateral views of two colonies. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. C. Close-up of an orifice showing the proximolaterally developed peristome. D. Close-up of an avicularium. F. Apical view of a colony. G. Close-up of the apical kenozooids. H. Antapical view of a colony. I, J. Close-ups of the antapical surface and avicularia. Scale bars: A, E, F, H = 500 µm; B, C = 100 µm; D = 200 µm; G, I = 300 µm; J = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209190/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 42I–J</figureCitation>
|
||
) with kenozooidal pits and avicularia in radial rows, continuous with those of the lateral surface of the colony, and centrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFFAFFC5FF16FDD41D97FDC2" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1005]" box="[199,451,583,609]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Ovicells not observed.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8BDD72B3FFFAFFC5FF16FDF8194CFC4E" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFFAFFC5FF16FDF81D3DFC9A" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFAFFC5FF16FDF81D6FFD26" bold="true" box="[199,315,619,645]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFFAFFC5FE99FDF81D8AFD26" author="Silen, L." box="[328,478,619,645]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref64011" refString="Silen, L. (1947 a) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén (1947a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 39) examined 48 colonies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFFAFFC5FCA3FDF818ECFD26" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1947" box="[882,1208,619,645]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Conescharellinidae" genus="Conescharellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFAFFC5FCA3FDF818ECFD26" box="[882,1208,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Conescharellina brevirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0103EFDAFFFAFFC5FAE7FDF8193CFD26" box="[1334,1384,619,645]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Java</collectingRegion>
|
||
Sea off Noordwachter Island in the Malaysian Archipelago, all presumably dead when collected based on the poor preservation and the total lack of organic tissues and appendages, such as rhizoids and mandibles. Only
|
||
<specimenCount id="D5C1EAB1FFFAFFC5FAD7FD2019C8FD6E" box="[1286,1436,691,717]" count="4" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="generic" typeStatus="syntypes">four syntypes</specimenCount>
|
||
were available for examination. Given the possibility that the remaining
|
||
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFFAFFC5FC68FD44184FFD52" box="[953,1051,727,753]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFFAFFC5FB6FFD441901FD52" author="Silen, L." box="[1214,1365,727,753]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref64011" refString="Silen, L. (1947 a) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén (1947a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
might be better preserved and found later in the SMNH collection or elsewhere, the designation of a
|
||
<typeStatus id="1C7C9F9AFFFAFFC5FB0BFD681915FCB6" box="[1242,1345,763,789]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
for this species is avoided.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFFAFFC5FF16FCD01E2CFC06" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
The co-occurrence of the collar-like peristome and the presence of an avicularium close to the orifice distinguish this species from its congeners described from Noordwachter Island. The broken ovicell described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFFAFFC5FAD4FCF419C8FC22" author="Silen, L." box="[1285,1436,871,897]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref64011" refString="Silen, L. (1947 a) Conescharellinidae (Bryozoa Gymnolaemata) collected by Prof. Dr. Sixten Bock's expedition to Japan and the Bonin Islands 1914. Arkiv for zoologi, 39 A, 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1947">Silén (1947a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was not observed in the colonies available.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3782138FFFAFFC5FF16FC3C194CFC4E" blockId="80.[151,1437,151,1005]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
A colony of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04C75ABBFFFAFFC5FE81FC3C1DA5FC6A" authorityName="Silen" authorityYear="1947" box="[336,497,943,969]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Conescharellinidae" genus="Conescharellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="brevirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFAFFC5FE81FC3C1DA5FC6A" box="[336,497,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">C. brevirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BFC3DBDFFFAFFC5FDD1FC3C1E04FC6A" box="[512,592,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-115@79.[151,1435,563,1786]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 43. Conescharellina brevirostris Silén, 1947. Daidokutsu submarine cave, Ie Island, Okinawa, Japan. A. Lateral view of the colony. Arrows indicate adventitious avicularia placed distolaterally to the orifice in some zooids. B. Close-up of a zooid with surrounding interzooidal avicularia. The arrow indicates the adventitious avicularium distolaterally to the orifice. C. Antapical view of a colony. D. Close-ups of the central antapical surface with avicularia. Scale bars: A, C = 200 µm; B = 100 µm; D = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10209192/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
) was also found in a Holocene sediment core, dated
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFAFFC5FB48FC3C18F8FC6B" box="[1177,1196,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">c.</emphasis>
|
||
2000 years (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFFAFFC5FAB7FC3C1D45FC4E" author="Chiu, W. - T. R. & Yasuhara, M. & Iwatani, H. & Kitamura, A. & Fujita, K." pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="643 - 652" refId="ref57787" refString="Chiu, W. - T. R., Yasuhara, M., Iwatani, H., Kitamura, A. & Fujita, K. (2016) An enigmatic Holocene podocopid ostracod from a submarine cave, Okinawa, Japan: " living fossil " or adaptive morphotype. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 14, 643 - 652. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14772019.2015.1094754" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Chiu
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B3FD2AFFFAFFC5FF46FC401C9BFC4E" box="[151,207,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7565CC9FFFAFFC5FECDFC401D0CFC4E" author="Chiu, W. - T. R. & Yasuhara, M. & Iwatani, H. & Kitamura, A. & Fujita, K." box="[284,344,979,1005]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="425 - 434" refId="ref57862" refString="Chiu, W. - T. R., Yasuhara, M., Iwatani, H., Kitamura, A. & Fujita, K. (2017) Response of subtropical submarine-cave ecosystem to Holocene cave development and Asian monsoon variability. Paleobiology, 43, 425 - 434. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / pab. 2016.53" type="journal article" year="2017">2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), taken from the Daidokutsu submarine limestone cave off Ie Island,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0103EFDAFFFAFFC5FB8FFC401892FC4E" box="[1118,1222,979,1005]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBD061A8FFFAFFC5FB00FC401940FC4E" box="[1233,1300,979,1005]" name="Japan" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |