459 lines
65 KiB
XML
459 lines
65 KiB
XML
<document id="6F97BEA05E955090979D4E1E830B63D2" ID-CLB-Dataset="51050" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.171080" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d408f9d3-b68c-4da9-99e8-e958bb156d35" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="171080" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459718390365" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gil-Azevedo, Leonardo, Figueiró, Ronaldo & Zog, Marilza Maia-Her-" docDate="2005" docId="03D287A3FFCDFFDEFEAAFC5EFCB8FBFB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00922.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 922" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Simulium (Psaroniocompsa) stellatum Gil-Azevedo, Figueiró & Zog, 2005, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FFEBFFDBFFCCFFD7FFA2FFFFFFA3FFAD" masterDocTitle="Simulium (Psaroniocompsa) stellatum (Diptera: Simuliidae), a new black fly from a high mountain range in southeastern Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="12" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1698212132933" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="50A4274B0EF424B0ED6D07284E49B855" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="838DB3562DCC7D581C97BCAE55C8092B">
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<mods:title id="F35F359C629A15073507FAEC32917AB9">Simulium (Psaroniocompsa) stellatum (Diptera: Simuliidae), a new black fly from a high mountain range in southeastern Brazil</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="8C8909E68E1DE76B0430DE1F58AC0EDD" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="8C4E64494937772E169EEA36A0815A4E">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A39ECEE6E3E028CE9FA10CA7B5126857">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5A1E0ABA0D8B90AA67A638687D182B2B">Gil-Azevedo, Leonardo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="1F9390AA53A9749DB6DD583E8C449D53" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="62F1C012CE302BD06F43E7D4493C06F7">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D7BA606EA559F99C2E2A6044BC10B008">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="CB807BE296F8FAAA5AD1C90DE83FA688">Figueiró, Ronaldo</mods:namePart>
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||
</mods:name>
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||
<mods:name id="0E9EC0CE451A3DA57CC52AAC2C8A2677" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="7C93889DE2D0AB3211EF543362249F24">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A1825A81C75972FB61A661B25C0B47E1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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||
<mods:namePart id="53C940D68B0CCDFD772BB545F690B467">Zog, Marilza Maia-Her-</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="59B6905194AF087D8350A10E1E5BDF5D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="5CBCD03B692AF03C6241D47F1574AFCF" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7CC44B5EA2BAF5CAE7B2BBB0C4171495">
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<mods:title id="CF6E715C300B8A31E0E263B012696EE7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="F86598A15EF38437712A22FB1F452BA6">
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||
<mods:date id="D112E12A419DA2FC8B233999A7C1191B">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C759F0B9307195B7CD8AD8861A1F3D26" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="342A014D85FB4AD0F86A84579E4AAE2F">922</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="6C0A42F035A2AAA1843E9364D5123749" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="B4F0E22788FE4C8EA2039BC42EC75E56">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="9E021C9422FD2759108101EE80EEB92C">12</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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||
</mods:relatedItem>
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||
<mods:classification id="6F1DADAD634AB7C1C0387CE3F21D5CF3">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="873A8583679A9AE534AA510D6A4F994C" type="CLB-Dataset">51050</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8A002BFD33C223FEEF0B375475311EF9" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.171080</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2E3A6B0CFCD00758F382620FEB372811" type="GBIF-Dataset">d408f9d3-b68c-4da9-99e8-e958bb156d35</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="57E5DAB72E7ECEAAA77AD5C6C58135F3" type="ISSN">11755326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="EA11B20585BB6D30DCBF57FB37DB7F8E" type="Zenodo-Dep">171080</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03D287A3FFCDFFDEFEAAFC5EFCB8FBFB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5695784" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119335087" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5695784" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D287A3FFCDFFDEFEAAFC5EFCB8FBFB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D287A3FFCDFFDEFEAAFC5EFCB8FBFB" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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||
<subSubSection id="C361653EFFCDFFD6FEAAFC5EFE2BFC73" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFCDFFD6FEAAFC5EFC82FC16" blockId="1.[264,801,929,990]" box="[264,801,929,955]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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||
<heading id="D08C81D9FFCDFFD6FEAAFC5EFC82FC16" bold="true" box="[264,801,929,955]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCDFFD6FEAAFC5EFC82FC16" bold="true" box="[264,801,929,955]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D36FFCDFFD6FEAAFC5EFD74FC16" ID-CoL="4XHWQ" box="[264,727,929,955]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stellatum" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Psaroniocompsa">
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||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCDFFD6FEAAFC5EFEDCFC16" bold="true" box="[264,383,929,955]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Simulium</emphasis>
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||
(
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||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCDFFD6FE32FC5EFDFBFC16" bold="true" box="[400,600,929,955]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Psaroniocompsa</emphasis>
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||
)
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||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCDFFD6FDCBFC5EFD74FC16" bold="true" box="[617,727,929,955]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">stellatum</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23C57DCFFCDFFD6FD7DFC5EFC82FC16" box="[735,801,929,955]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFCDFFD6FEAAFC3BFE2BFC73" blockId="1.[264,801,929,990]" box="[264,392,964,990]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCDFFD6FEB3FC3BFEDCFC73" box="[273,383,964,990]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="2.[264,368,1796,1820]" captionStartId-1="3.[264,367,1803,1827]" captionStartId-2="5.[264,367,1785,1809]" captionStartId-3="7.[264,367,1836,1860]" captionStartId-4="8.[264,367,1786,1810]" captionTargetBox-0="[300,1292,292,1778]" captionTargetBox-1="[299,1296,289,1782]" captionTargetBox-2="[300,1286,288,1768]" captionTargetBox-3="[304,1286,335,1802]" captionTargetBox-4="[309,1278,285,1765]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[300,1295,292,1778]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[292,1326,278,1787]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[288,1298,288,1769]" captionTargetId-3="figure@7.[295,1292,326,1811]" captionTargetId-4="figure@8.[309,1279,283,1765]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionTargetPageId-4="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: head, frontal view; b: detail of nudiocular area; c: cibarium; d: detail of teeth of cibarium; e: scutal pattern, dorsal view; f: wing; g: detail of wing chaetotaxy." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Female of Simulium stellatum sp. n. ac: coloration pattern of legs. a: fore leg; b: mid leg; c: hind leg; d: hind leg claw, lateral view; ei: terminalia structures. e: gonapophyses; f: cercus and paraproct, lateral view; g: genital fork; h: spermatheca." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Male of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: scutal pattern, dorsal view; bd: coloration pattern of legs. b: fore leg; c: mid leg; d: hind leg; e: gonocoxite and gonostyle, showing spine position; f: ventral plate." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Pupa of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: general dorsal view; b: gill, lateral view; c: detail of gill surface; d: detail of gill apex; e: head trichomes; f: cocoon." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Larva of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: dorsal view of head capsule; b: ventral view of head capsule; c: detail of hypostomal teeth; d: anntena; e: pattern of coloration, dorsal view; f: pattern of coloration, ventral view; g: ventral tubercles; h: anal sclerite." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/171081/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/171082/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/171083/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/171084/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/171085/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 1–5</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C361653EFFCDFFD6FEAAFBF6FB25F9AE" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFCDFFD6FEAAFBF6FB25F9AE" blockId="1.[264,1325,1033,1899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCDFFD6FEAAFBF6FDE7FB8E" bold="true" box="[264,580,1033,1059]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C08817FFCDFFD6FEAAFBF6FEE0FB8E" box="[264,323,1033,1059]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type</typeStatus>
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||
Material.
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||
<typeStatus id="54C08817FFCDFFD6FE6BFBF6FD9CFB8E" box="[457,575,1033,1059]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
:
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<collectingCountry id="F36C7625FFCDFFD6FDEEFBF6FD1AFB8E" box="[588,697,1033,1059]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
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||
, Minas Gerais State, Itamonte, Itatiaia National Park, Brejo da Lapa,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4F5072FFCDFFD6FE19FBCEFDECFBE6" box="[443,591,1073,1099]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="15" value="-44.736946">44º44’13”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4F5072FFCDFFD6FDF7FBCEFD43FBE6" box="[597,736,1073,1099]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="15" value="-22.358334">22º21’30”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCDFFD6FD4EFBCEFCE8FBE6" box="[748,843,1073,1099]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1559999999999997" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="2156.0">2,156 m</quantity>
|
||
altitude (
|
||
<date id="FFC51075FFCDFFD6FC1BFBCEFBE6FBE6" box="[953,1093,1073,1099]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2004-06-07">07/VI/2004</date>
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||
, GilAzevedo, L. & Figueiró, R. coll.) [LSO006]:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FDDCFBA6FD45FBDE" box="[638,742,1113,1139]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
with pupal pelt (pinned).
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCDFFD6FB8AFBA6FB0CFBDE" bold="true" box="[1064,1199,1113,1139]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C08817FFCDFFD6FB8AFBA6FB09FBDE" box="[1064,1194,1113,1139]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36C7625FFCDFFD6FB1BFBA6FA85FBDE" box="[1209,1318,1113,1139]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Minas Gerais State, Itamonte, Itatiaia National Park, Brejo da Lapa,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4F5072FFCDFFD6FB35FB7EFA88FB36" box="[1175,1323,1153,1179]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="15" value="-44.736946">44º44’13”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4F5072FFCDFFD6FEAAFB56FE30FB6E" box="[264,403,1193,1219]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="15" value="-22.358334">22º21’30”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCDFFD6FE00FB56FDA6FB6E" box="[418,517,1193,1219]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1559999999999997" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="2156.0">2,156 m</quantity>
|
||
altitude (
|
||
<date id="FFC51075FFCDFFD6FDDBFB56FCA6FB6E" box="[633,773,1193,1219]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2004-06-07">07/VI/2004</date>
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||
, GilAzevedo, L. & Figueiró, R. coll.) [LSO 007]:
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||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FEF2FB2EFE67FB46" box="[336,452,1233,1259]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
|
||
with pupal pelts and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FD6DFB2EFC8EFB46" box="[719,813,1233,1259]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
|
||
with pupal pelts (pinned);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FBDAFB2EFB4FFB46" box="[1144,1260,1233,1259]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||
with pupal pelts,
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||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FE38FB06FE48FABE" box="[410,491,1273,1299]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
with pupal pelt and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FD46FB06FCE7FABE" box="[740,836,1273,1299]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="larva">6 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
(slides),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FC11FB06FB83FABE" box="[947,1056,1273,1299]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="pupa">15 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FBFEFB06FB68FABE" box="[1116,1227,1273,1299]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="larva">34 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
(spirit). [
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6AAE70FFCDFFD6FEADFADEFEF8FA96" box="[271,347,1313,1339]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">INPA</collectionCode>
|
||
]:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FECDFADEFE6DFA96" box="[367,462,1313,1339]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="pupa">5 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FDA9FADEFDCFFA96" box="[523,620,1313,1339]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="larva">5 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
(spirit). [
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6AAE70FFCDFFD6FD7FFADEFC80FA96" box="[733,803,1313,1339]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/66si-588n" name="Museo de La Plata" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">MLP</collectionCode>
|
||
]:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FC9AFADEFC35FA96" box="[824,918,1313,1339]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="pupa">5 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FC76FADEFB97FA96" box="[980,1076,1313,1339]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="larva">5 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
(spirit). [
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6AAE70FFCDFFD6FB04FADEFAABFA96" box="[1190,1288,1313,1339]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
]:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FABEFADEFEEDFACE" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="pupa">5 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FE2BFAB6FE44FACE" box="[393,487,1353,1379]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="larva">5 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
(spirit).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36C7625FFCDFFD6FDEDFAB6FD1FFACE" box="[591,700,1353,1379]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Rio de Janeiro State, Itatiaia, Itatiaia National Park, Agulhas Negras range,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4F5072FFCDFFD6FD9DFA8EFD70FA26" box="[575,723,1393,1419]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="15" value="-44.693333">44º41’36”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4F5072FFCDFFD6FD44FA8EFCD2FA26" box="[742,881,1393,1419]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="15" value="-22.377222">22º22’38”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, (
|
||
<date id="FFC51075FFCDFFD6FC33FA8EFBBEFA26" box="[913,1053,1393,1419]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2004-06-07">07/VI/2004</date>
|
||
, GilAzevedo, L. & Figueiró, R. coll.) [LSO008]:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FDDDFA66FD7CFA1E" box="[639,735,1433,1459]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="pupa">5 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FCBDFA66FC2DFA1E" box="[799,910,1433,1459]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="larva">10 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
(spirit).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36C7625FFCDFFD6FC5EFA66FBCAFA1E" box="[1020,1129,1433,1459]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Rio de Janeiro State, Itatiaia, Itatiaia National Park, Três Picos,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4F5072FFCDFFD6FCF5FA3EFC49FA76" box="[855,1002,1473,1499]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="15" value="-44.59083">44º35’27”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4F5072FFCDFFD6FC56FA3EFBDCFA76" box="[1012,1151,1473,1499]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="15" value="-22.423056">22º25’23”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCDFFD6FB2CFA3EFB52FA76" box="[1166,1265,1473,1499]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.576" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="1576.0">1,576 m</quantity>
|
||
altitude (
|
||
<date id="FFC51075FFCDFFD6FEE8FA16FE69F9AE" box="[330,458,1513,1539]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2003-02-10">10/II/2003</date>
|
||
, GilAzevedo, L. & Figueiró, R. coll.) [LSO009]:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD3CFFCDFFD6FB81FA16FB20F9AE" box="[1059,1155,1513,1539]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="pupa">2 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C361653EFFCDFFD6FE9AF9EEFB5BF95E" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFCDFFD6FE9AF9EEFB5BF95E" blockId="1.[264,1325,1033,1899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCDFFD6FE9AF9EEFE14F986" bold="true" box="[312,439,1553,1579]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Female with nudiocular area reduced and rounded; teeth of mandible on external side reduced; inner margin of gonapophysis sclerotized. Male with small sublateral gonostyle spur. Pupa with 4 gill filaments; dorsal primary branch bifurcated at about half length of ventral primary branch; filaments thick at primary branches and narrowing distally, with surface covered by large and small rounded tubercles. Larval head with 1 + 1 median longitudinal spots and 1 + 1 small anterolateral spots; postgenal cleft rounded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C361653EFFCDFFDEFE9AF8FEFEE6FCBB" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFCDFFD6FE9AF8FEFDA9F8C6" blockId="1.[264,1325,1033,1899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCDFFD6FE9AF8FEFE39F8B6" bold="true" box="[312,410,1793,1819]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
General body colour black. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCDFFD6FC38F8FEFB8FF8B6" box="[922,1068,1793,1819]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5999999999999996" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="2.5999999999999996" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.4">2.4–2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCDFFD6FBE2F8FEFBECF8B7" box="[1088,1103,1793,1818]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 3); mesothorax length
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCDFFD6FEFEF8D6FE53F8EE" box="[348,496,1833,1859]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, mesothorax width
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCDFFD6FD42F8D6FCD2F8EE" box="[736,881,1833,1859]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="0.85" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.8">0.8–0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCDFFD6FC24F8D6FC36F8EF" box="[902,917,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 4); wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCDFFD6FB22F8D6FB42F8EE" box="[1152,1249,1833,1859]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, wing width
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCDFFD6FEF0F8AEFE0FF8C6" box="[338,428,1873,1899]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCDFFD6FE1FF8AEFE6FF8C7" box="[445,460,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF04663DFFCEFFD5FEAAF8FBFE22F8CA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171081/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" targetBox="[300,1292,292,1778]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFCEFFD5FEAAF8FBFE22F8CA" blockId="2.[264,1323,1796,1895]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCEFFD5FEAAF8FBFE28F8B1" bold="true" box="[264,395,1796,1820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D36FFCEFFD5FDA6F8FAFD71F8B1" box="[516,722,1797,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stellatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCEFFD5FDA6F8FAFD71F8B1" box="[516,722,1797,1820]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Simulium stellatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23C57DCFFCEFFD5FD7AF8FBFCB1F8B6" box="[728,786,1796,1819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
a: head, frontal view; b: detail of nudiocular area; c: cibarium; d: detail of teeth of cibarium; e: scutal pattern, dorsal view; f: wing; g: detail of wing chaetotaxy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF04663DFFCFFFD4FEAAF8F4FCDCF8DD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171082/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" targetBox="[299,1296,289,1782]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFCFFFD4FEAAF8F4FCDCF8DD" blockId="3.[264,1323,1803,1904]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCFFFD4FEAAF8F4FE28F88E" bold="true" box="[264,395,1803,1827]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D36FFCFFFD4FDA4F8F4FD76F88F" box="[518,725,1803,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stellatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCFFFD4FDA4F8F4FD76F88F" box="[518,725,1803,1826]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Simulium stellatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23C57DCFFCFFFD4FD7EF8F4FCB5F88F" box="[732,790,1803,1826]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
ac: coloration pattern of legs. a: fore leg; b: mid leg; c: hind leg; d: hind leg claw, lateral view; ei: terminalia structures. e: gonapophyses; f: cercus and paraproct, lateral view; g: genital fork; h: spermatheca.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFC8FFD3FE9AFEE3FDCCFDDB" blockId="4.[264,1325,284,1795]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Head dichoptic with black eyes; nudiocular area small and rounded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC8FFD3FBFBFEE3FB3FFE9B" box="[1113,1180,284,310]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[264,368,1796,1820]" captionTargetBox="[300,1292,292,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[300,1295,292,1778]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: head, frontal view; b: detail of nudiocular area; c: cibarium; d: detail of teeth of cibarium; e: scutal pattern, dorsal view; f: wing; g: detail of wing chaetotaxy." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171081/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
a, b). Frons, clypeus, and occiput black with silver pruinosity; frons higher than wide. Antennae with silver pruinosity; scape and pedicel light brown, flagellomeres black. Mouthparts dark; palp and labium black with silver pruinosity, labrum brown. Mandible with about 34 teeth on internal side and about five poorly developed teeth on external side. Maxilla with about 25 teeth; palp with its last article about 3 times longer than penultimate article; Lutz’s organ length about 1/3 of basal article length. Cibarium with arms and basal portion sclerotized; basal portion with medial region concave and unarmed, its sides armed with 4 rows of teeth each (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC8FFD3FE4CFDA3FD92FDDB" box="[494,561,604,630]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[264,368,1796,1820]" captionTargetBox="[300,1292,292,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[300,1295,292,1778]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: head, frontal view; b: detail of nudiocular area; c: cibarium; d: detail of teeth of cibarium; e: scutal pattern, dorsal view; f: wing; g: detail of wing chaetotaxy." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171081/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
c, d).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFC8FFD3FE9AFD7BFB10FB7E" blockId="4.[264,1325,284,1795]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Scutum entirely black, with lateral silver pruinosity band extending from anterior to distal region. Scutum with sets of golden setae, arranged in broken lines running along whole length of scutum; 3 medial lines distinct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC8FFD3FCE7FD2BFC2AFD43" box="[837,905,724,750]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[264,368,1796,1820]" captionTargetBox="[300,1292,292,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[300,1295,292,1778]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: head, frontal view; b: detail of nudiocular area; c: cibarium; d: detail of teeth of cibarium; e: scutal pattern, dorsal view; f: wing; g: detail of wing chaetotaxy." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171081/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
e). Humeri black with golden setae and silver pruinosity. Scutellum black with dark bristles. Metanotum and pleural region black with silver pruinosity. Wing veins: C with spines and setae, Sc and basal portion of R bare, R1 with spines, Rs with setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC8FFD3FD60FCB3FCA5FCCB" box="[706,774,844,870]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[264,368,1796,1820]" captionTargetBox="[300,1292,292,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[300,1295,292,1778]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: head, frontal view; b: detail of nudiocular area; c: cibarium; d: detail of teeth of cibarium; e: scutal pattern, dorsal view; f: wing; g: detail of wing chaetotaxy." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171081/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
f, g). Halter with black base and lightyellow apex. Fore leg with coxa, trochanter, and femur pale yellow; tibia with proximal region pale yellow with distal 1/3 black; tarsus black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC8FFD3FCEDFC5EFC3AFC16" box="[847,921,929,955]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1803,1827]" captionTargetBox="[299,1296,289,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[292,1326,278,1787]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Female of Simulium stellatum sp. n. ac: coloration pattern of legs. a: fore leg; b: mid leg; c: hind leg; d: hind leg claw, lateral view; ei: terminalia structures. e: gonapophyses; f: cercus and paraproct, lateral view; g: genital fork; h: spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171082/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
a). Mid leg with coxa black; trochanter and femur pale yellow; tibia, basitarsus, second tarsomere and third tarsomere background pale yellow with distal apex black; remaining tarsomeres black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC8FFD3FB62FC0EFAAFFBA6" box="[1216,1292,1009,1035]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1803,1827]" captionTargetBox="[299,1296,289,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[292,1326,278,1787]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Female of Simulium stellatum sp. n. ac: coloration pattern of legs. a: fore leg; b: mid leg; c: hind leg; d: hind leg claw, lateral view; ei: terminalia structures. e: gonapophyses; f: cercus and paraproct, lateral view; g: genital fork; h: spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171082/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
b).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36C7625FFC8FFD3FEAAFBE6FEE0FB9E" box="[264,323,1049,1075]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
leg with coxa black; trochanter pale yellow; femur and tibia with proximal region pale yellow and distal region black; basitarsus proximally pale yellow with distal 1/3 black; second tarsomere with proximal 1/3 pale yellow and distal region black; other tarsomeres black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC8FFD3FE60FB6EFDA8FB06" box="[450,523,1169,1195]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1803,1827]" captionTargetBox="[299,1296,289,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[292,1326,278,1787]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Female of Simulium stellatum sp. n. ac: coloration pattern of legs. a: fore leg; b: mid leg; c: hind leg; d: hind leg claw, lateral view; ei: terminalia structures. e: gonapophyses; f: cercus and paraproct, lateral view; g: genital fork; h: spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171082/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
c). Calcipala and pedisulcus present. All legs with dark bristles and scalelike setae.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36C7625FFC8FFD3FE1DFB46FE59FB7E" box="[447,506,1209,1235]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
leg claws bearing small triangular subbasal tooth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC8FFD3FBECFB46FB36FB7E" box="[1102,1173,1209,1235]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1803,1827]" captionTargetBox="[299,1296,289,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[292,1326,278,1787]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Female of Simulium stellatum sp. n. ac: coloration pattern of legs. a: fore leg; b: mid leg; c: hind leg; d: hind leg claw, lateral view; ei: terminalia structures. e: gonapophyses; f: cercus and paraproct, lateral view; g: genital fork; h: spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171082/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
d).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFC8FFD3FE9AFB1EFDC2F9BE" blockId="4.[264,1325,284,1795]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Abdomen with silver pruinosity and golden setae; segments I–IV velvety black, remaining segments metallic black. Gonapophysis distally straight; inner margins sclerotized and subparallel, diverging distally; with rounded internal angle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC8FFD3FBE1FACEFB28FAE6" box="[1091,1163,1329,1355]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1803,1827]" captionTargetBox="[299,1296,289,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[292,1326,278,1787]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Female of Simulium stellatum sp. n. ac: coloration pattern of legs. a: fore leg; b: mid leg; c: hind leg; d: hind leg claw, lateral view; ei: terminalia structures. e: gonapophyses; f: cercus and paraproct, lateral view; g: genital fork; h: spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171082/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
e). Cerci subtrapezoidal; paraprocts about 3 times longer than wide; paraproct length about twice cercus length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC8FFD3FE1BFA7EFDA0FA36" box="[441,515,1409,1435]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1803,1827]" captionTargetBox="[299,1296,289,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[292,1326,278,1787]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Female of Simulium stellatum sp. n. ac: coloration pattern of legs. a: fore leg; b: mid leg; c: hind leg; d: hind leg claw, lateral view; ei: terminalia structures. e: gonapophyses; f: cercus and paraproct, lateral view; g: genital fork; h: spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171082/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
f). Genital fork stem as long as lateral arms; lateral arms short and thin; stem entirely sclerotized and lateral arms partially sclerotized; lateral arms forming a subtriangle space (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC8FFD3FE45FA2EFD91FA46" box="[487,562,1489,1515]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1803,1827]" captionTargetBox="[299,1296,289,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[292,1326,278,1787]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Female of Simulium stellatum sp. n. ac: coloration pattern of legs. a: fore leg; b: mid leg; c: hind leg; d: hind leg claw, lateral view; ei: terminalia structures. e: gonapophyses; f: cercus and paraproct, lateral view; g: genital fork; h: spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171082/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFC8FFD3FD83FA2EFD91FA46" box="[545,562,1489,1515]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="g" value="2.0">2</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
g). Spermatheca suboval and heavily sclerotized (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC8FFD3FB27FA2EFB6DFA46" box="[1157,1230,1489,1515]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[264,367,1803,1827]" captionTargetBox="[299,1296,289,1782]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[292,1326,278,1787]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Female of Simulium stellatum sp. n. ac: coloration pattern of legs. a: fore leg; b: mid leg; c: hind leg; d: hind leg claw, lateral view; ei: terminalia structures. e: gonapophyses; f: cercus and paraproct, lateral view; g: genital fork; h: spermatheca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171082/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
h), with sets of spicules; duct hyaline.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFC8FFD3FE9AF9DEFE37F926" blockId="4.[264,1325,284,1795]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFC8FFD3FE9AF9DEFEDDF996" bold="true" box="[312,382,1569,1595]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Male.</emphasis>
|
||
General body colour black. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFC8FFD3FCC2F9DEFC4EF996" box="[864,1005,1569,1595]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="2.45" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="2.2">2.2–2.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFC8FFD3FC5FF9DEFBAFF997" box="[1021,1036,1569,1594]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 3); mesothorax length 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFC8FFD3FE9CF9B6FE3AF9CE" box="[318,409,1609,1635]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, mesothorax width
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFC8FFD3FD20F9B6FCB2F9CE" box="[642,785,1609,1635]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="0.85" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.8">0.8–0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFC8FFD3FC83F9B6FC93F9CF" box="[801,816,1609,1634]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 4); wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFC8FFD3FBACF9B6FBCFF9CE" box="[1038,1132,1609,1635]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, wing width
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFC8FFD3FAA4F9B6FE96F926" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFC8FFD3FEE5F98EFEF5F927" box="[327,342,1649,1674]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFC8FFD3FE9AF966FBE1F976" blockId="4.[264,1325,284,1795]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Head holoptic with black eyes. Frons, clypeus, mouthparts, occiput, and antennae coloration as in female. Lutz’s organ length about 1/5 basal article length.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFC8FFD3FE9AF916FB03F8AE" blockId="4.[264,1325,284,1795]" box="[312,1184,1769,1795]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Thorax coloration, wing veins, and halter coloration as in female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC8FFD3FB9FF916FB20F8AE" box="[1085,1155,1769,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[264,367,1785,1809]" captionTargetBox="[300,1286,288,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[288,1298,288,1769]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: scutal pattern, dorsal view; bd: coloration pattern of legs. b: fore leg; c: mid leg; d: hind leg; e: gonocoxite and gonostyle, showing spine position; f: ventral plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171083/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
a).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF04663DFFC9FFD2FEAAF906FE37F8FB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171083/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" targetBox="[300,1286,288,1768]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFC9FFD2FEAAF906FE37F8FB" blockId="5.[264,1323,1785,1878]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFC9FFD2FEAAF906FE29F8BC" bold="true" box="[264,394,1785,1809]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D36FFC9FFD2FE49F906FD1BF8BD" box="[491,696,1785,1808]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stellatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFC9FFD2FE49F906FD1BF8BD" box="[491,696,1785,1808]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Simulium stellatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23C57DCFFC9FFD2FD1CF906FD54F8BD" box="[702,759,1785,1808]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
a: scutal pattern, dorsal view; bd: coloration pattern of legs. b: fore leg; c: mid leg; d: hind leg; e: gonocoxite and gonostyle, showing spine position; f: ventral plate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFCAFFD1FE9AFEE3FBE0FD34" blockId="6.[264,1325,284,1889]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Leg coloration different from that of female. Fore leg with coxa and trochanter pale yellow; femur background pale yellow with distal apex black; tibia ventrally pale yellow and dorsally black; tarsus black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCAFFD1FD32FE94FD74FE28" box="[656,727,363,389]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[264,367,1785,1809]" captionTargetBox="[300,1286,288,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[288,1298,288,1769]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: scutal pattern, dorsal view; bd: coloration pattern of legs. b: fore leg; c: mid leg; d: hind leg; e: gonocoxite and gonostyle, showing spine position; f: ventral plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171083/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
b). Mid leg with coxa and trochanter black; femur and tibia pale yellow with transversal medial band black; basitarsus proximally pale yellow with distal 1/3 black; second tarsomere proximally pale yellow and distally black; remaining tarsomeres black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCAFFD1FDC6FE1EFD0FFE56" box="[612,684,481,507]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[264,367,1785,1809]" captionTargetBox="[300,1286,288,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[288,1298,288,1769]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: scutal pattern, dorsal view; bd: coloration pattern of legs. b: fore leg; c: mid leg; d: hind leg; e: gonocoxite and gonostyle, showing spine position; f: ventral plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171083/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
c).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36C7625FFCAFFD1FD76FE1EFCACFE56" box="[724,783,481,507]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
leg with coxa black; trochanter pale yellow; femur with proximal 1/3 pale yellow, medial 1/3 light brown, and distal 1/3 black; tibia proximally pale yellow and distally black; basitarsus proximally pale yellow with distal 1/ 3 black; second tarsomere with proximal 1/3 pale yellow and distal region black; other tarsomeres black (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCAFFD1FE1DFD80FDA6FD34" box="[447,517,639,665]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[264,367,1785,1809]" captionTargetBox="[300,1286,288,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[288,1298,288,1769]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: scutal pattern, dorsal view; bd: coloration pattern of legs. b: fore leg; c: mid leg; d: hind leg; e: gonocoxite and gonostyle, showing spine position; f: ventral plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171083/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
d). All legs with dark bristles and scalelike setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFCAFFD1FE9AFD58FC29FCF3" blockId="6.[264,1325,284,1889]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Abdomen black with silver pruinosity and golden setae, segments V–VII with silver spots. Gonocoxite subretangular; gonostyle small, subquadrangular, with 1 tiny subapical sublateral spine (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCAFFD1FE77FD09FDBEFCBD" box="[469,541,758,784]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[264,367,1785,1809]" captionTargetBox="[300,1286,288,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[288,1298,288,1769]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: scutal pattern, dorsal view; bd: coloration pattern of legs. b: fore leg; c: mid leg; d: hind leg; e: gonocoxite and gonostyle, showing spine position; f: ventral plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171083/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
e). Ventral plate subrectangular with sclerotized basal arms, concave pointed apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCAFFD1FE4EFCE2FD93FC9A" box="[492,560,797,823]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[264,367,1785,1809]" captionTargetBox="[300,1286,288,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[288,1298,288,1769]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: scutal pattern, dorsal view; bd: coloration pattern of legs. b: fore leg; c: mid leg; d: hind leg; e: gonocoxite and gonostyle, showing spine position; f: ventral plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171083/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
f). Median sclerite elongated and flattened. Paramere with 3 subparallel teeth well developed; medial teeth convergent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFCAFFD1FE9AFC93FAB9FC00" blockId="6.[264,1325,284,1889]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCAFFD1FE9AFC93FE23FC2B" bold="true" box="[312,384,876,902]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pupa.</emphasis>
|
||
Pupa length 3.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCAFFD1FDEDFC93FD0AFC2B" box="[591,681,876,902]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCAFFD1FD1BFC93FD6BFC28" box="[697,712,876,901]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 5); gill length
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCAFFD1FC2DFC93FBBEFC2B" box="[911,1053,876,902]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.1" valueMin="3.4">3.4–4.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCAFFD1FB8CFC93FB9EFC28" box="[1070,1085,876,901]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 4); cocoon length ventrally
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCAFFD1FEDAFC6CFDA6FC00" box="[376,517,915,941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="3.85" valueMax="4.2" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCAFFD1FDB7FC6BFD87FC00" box="[533,548,916,941]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 6); cocoon anterodorsal projection length
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCAFFD1FB8CFC6CFB18FC00" box="[1070,1211,915,941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="1.1" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCAFFD1FB6EFC6BFB78FC00" box="[1228,1243,916,941]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 5).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFCAFFD1FE9AFC44FE95FB37" blockId="6.[264,1325,284,1889]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Gill as long as cocoon (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCAFFD1FDEDFC44FD35FC78" box="[591,662,955,981]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,367,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[304,1286,335,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[295,1292,326,1811]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pupa of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: general dorsal view; b: gill, lateral view; c: detail of gill surface; d: detail of gill apex; e: head trichomes; f: cocoon." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171084/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
a), with 4 filaments directed forward; main trunk immediately giving rise to 2 primary branches each with a single bifurcation; dorsal primary branch bifurcating about half length of ventral primary branch; all filaments of equal size, thick at primary branches and narrowing distally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCAFFD1FCFCFBCEFC05FBE6" box="[862,934,1073,1099]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,367,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[304,1286,335,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[295,1292,326,1811]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pupa of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: general dorsal view; b: gill, lateral view; c: detail of gill surface; d: detail of gill apex; e: head trichomes; f: cocoon." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171084/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
b); surface of gill filaments covered with large and small rounded tubercles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCAFFD1FCBCFBA6FCC4FBDE" box="[798,871,1113,1139]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,367,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[304,1286,335,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[295,1292,326,1811]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pupa of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: general dorsal view; b: gill, lateral view; c: detail of gill surface; d: detail of gill apex; e: head trichomes; f: cocoon." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171084/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
c); apex of all filaments digitlike (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCAFFD1FB5AFBA6FEBBFB37" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,367,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[304,1286,335,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[295,1292,326,1811]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pupa of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: general dorsal view; b: gill, lateral view; c: detail of gill surface; d: detail of gill apex; e: head trichomes; f: cocoon." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171084/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
d).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFCAFFD1FE9AFB57FE71FA7B" blockId="6.[264,1325,284,1889]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Head with 2 + 2 bifid hairlike frontal trichomes, 1 + 1 bifid hairlike facial trichomes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCAFFD1FEB3FB30FEFFFB44" box="[273,348,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,367,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[304,1286,335,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[295,1292,326,1811]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pupa of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: general dorsal view; b: gill, lateral view; c: detail of gill surface; d: detail of gill apex; e: head trichomes; f: cocoon." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171084/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
e); head covered with small rounded tubercles. Thorax with 5 + 5 bifid hairlike anterodorsal trichomes; thorax covered with small rounded tubercles. Abdominal chaetotaxy: tergites III–IV each with 4 + 4 anteriorly directed hooks on posterior margin; tergites VI–IX each with transverse row of small spines on anterior margin; tergite IX with 1 + 1 short, slightly curved terminal spur. Sternites V–IX each with transverse row of microspines; sternites V–VII each with 2 + 2 anteriorly directed bifid or trifid hooks on posterior margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFCAFFD1FE9AFA1CFBFCF936" blockId="6.[264,1325,284,1889]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Cocoon light brown, with definable shape and symmetrical (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCAFFD1FBB0FA1CFBFFFA50" box="[1042,1116,1507,1533]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,367,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[304,1286,335,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[295,1292,326,1811]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pupa of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: general dorsal view; b: gill, lateral view; c: detail of gill surface; d: detail of gill apex; e: head trichomes; f: cocoon." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171084/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
f); slipper shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCAFFD1FEB3F9F4FEFAF988" box="[273,345,1547,1573]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,367,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[304,1286,335,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[295,1292,326,1811]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pupa of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: general dorsal view; b: gill, lateral view; c: detail of gill surface; d: detail of gill apex; e: head trichomes; f: cocoon." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171084/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
a) and attached to substratum by lateral expansion; fabric compact and thin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCAFFD1FB59F9F4FEBBF9E1" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,367,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[304,1286,335,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[295,1292,326,1811]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pupa of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: general dorsal view; b: gill, lateral view; c: detail of gill surface; d: detail of gill apex; e: head trichomes; f: cocoon." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171084/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
f); cocoon bearing well developed anterodorsal projection, which surpasses cocoon base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCAFFD1FEB3F9A5FEFAF9D9" box="[273,345,1626,1652]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,367,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[304,1286,335,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[295,1292,326,1811]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pupa of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: general dorsal view; b: gill, lateral view; c: detail of gill surface; d: detail of gill apex; e: head trichomes; f: cocoon." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171084/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
f); rim of aperture not reinforced (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCAFFD1FD51F9A5FC9FF9D9" box="[755,828,1626,1652]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,367,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[304,1286,335,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[295,1292,326,1811]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pupa of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: general dorsal view; b: gill, lateral view; c: detail of gill surface; d: detail of gill apex; e: head trichomes; f: cocoon." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171084/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
f); floor connected to lateral wall of roof; cocoon generally covering abdomen and part of thorax of pupa (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFCAFFD1FC59F97EFBE0F936" box="[1019,1091,1665,1691]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[264,367,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[304,1286,335,1802]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[295,1292,326,1811]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Pupa of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: general dorsal view; b: gill, lateral view; c: detail of gill surface; d: detail of gill apex; e: head trichomes; f: cocoon." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171084/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
a).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFCAFFD1FE9AF957FE03F8CC" blockId="6.[264,1325,284,1889]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCAFFD1FE9AF957FD94F96F" bold="true" box="[312,567,1704,1730]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Larva (final instar).</emphasis>
|
||
General coloration yellowish white. Maximum length 6.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCAFFD1FAAAF956FE95F947" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="7.2">7.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(average =
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCAFFD1FE68F92FFD89F947" box="[458,554,1744,1770]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="6.7">6.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCAFFD1FD9AF92FFDE4F944" box="[568,583,1744,1769]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 10); head capsule dorsal length 0.73–1.00 (average =
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCAFFD1FB5AF92FFE9BF8BF" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.84">0.84 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCAFFD1FEE6F907FEF0F8BC" box="[324,339,1784,1809]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 10), dorsal width 0.55–0.82 (average =
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCAFFD1FCE3F907FC0EF8BF" box="[833,941,1784,1810]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.68">0.68 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCAFFD1FC1BF907FC6BF8BC" box="[953,968,1784,1809]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 10); gill histoblast length
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCAFFD1FAB6F907FE91F894" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCAFFD1FE9FF8E0FE49F894" box="[317,490,1823,1849]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.615" valueMax="0.68" valueMin="0.55">0.55–0.68 mm</quantity>
|
||
(average =
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCAFFD1FDDDF8E0FD4EF894" box="[639,749,1823,1849]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.61">0.61 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCAFFD1FD5EF8DFFCA8F894" box="[764,779,1824,1849]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 10), width
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCAFFD1FC17F8E0FBC0F894" box="[949,1123,1823,1849]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.5" valueMax="0.55" valueMin="0.45">0.45–0.55 mm</quantity>
|
||
(average =
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFCAFFD1FB5AF8E0FE9BF8CC" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.49">0.49 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCAFFD1FEE6F8B8FEF0F8CD" box="[324,339,1863,1888]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 10).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF04663DFFCBFFD0FEAAF8D3FC67F8CB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171084/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" targetBox="[304,1286,335,1802]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFCBFFD0FEAAF8D3FC67F8CB" blockId="7.[264,1322,1836,1894]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCBFFD0FEAAF8D3FE29F8E9" bold="true" box="[264,394,1836,1860]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D36FFCBFFD0FE4EF8D3FD19F8EE" box="[492,698,1836,1859]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stellatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFCBFFD0FE4EF8D3FD19F8EE" box="[492,698,1836,1859]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Simulium stellatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23C57DCFFCBFFD0FD62F8D3FD59F8EE" box="[704,762,1836,1859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
a: general dorsal view; b: gill, lateral view; c: detail of gill surface; d: detail of gill apex; e: head trichomes; f: cocoon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF04663DFFC4FFDFFEAAF905FC7CF8F2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171085/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[309,1278,285,1765]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFC4FFDFFEAAF905FC7CF8F2" blockId="8.[264,1322,1786,1887]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFC4FFDFFEAAF905FE28F8BF" bold="true" box="[264,395,1786,1810]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D36FFC4FFDFFE5AF904FD64F8BF" box="[504,711,1787,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stellatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFC4FFDFFE5AF904FD64F8BF" box="[504,711,1787,1810]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Simulium stellatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23C57DCFFC4FFDFFD6DF904FCA9F8BF" box="[719,778,1787,1810]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
a: dorsal view of head capsule; b: ventral view of head capsule; c: detail of hypostomal teeth; d: anntena; e: pattern of coloration, dorsal view; f: pattern of coloration, ventral view; g: ventral tubercles; h: anal sclerite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFC5FFDEFE9AFEE3FE5FFDDB" blockId="9.[264,1325,284,1110]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Head capsule (in dorsal view) with dark spots, 1 + 1 basal submedian transverse spots, 1 + 1 median longitudinal and 1 + 1 small anterolateral spots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC5FFDEFC55FEBBFB9CFEF3" box="[1015,1087,324,350]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[264,367,1786,1810]" captionTargetBox="[309,1278,285,1765]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[309,1279,283,1765]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Larva of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: dorsal view of head capsule; b: ventral view of head capsule; c: detail of hypostomal teeth; d: anntena; e: pattern of coloration, dorsal view; f: pattern of coloration, ventral view; g: ventral tubercles; h: anal sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171085/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
a). Hypostoma with median tooth smaller than 1 + 1 lateral teeth; 3 + 3 sublateral teeth small; lateral margin of hypostoma with 2 or 3 paralateral teeth and about 4 serrations per side; hypostoma with 4 + 4 setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC5FFDEFEDDFE43FE67FE7B" box="[383,452,444,470]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[264,367,1786,1810]" captionTargetBox="[309,1278,285,1765]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[309,1279,283,1765]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Larva of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: dorsal view of head capsule; b: ventral view of head capsule; c: detail of hypostomal teeth; d: anntena; e: pattern of coloration, dorsal view; f: pattern of coloration, ventral view; g: ventral tubercles; h: anal sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171085/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
b, 5c). Postgenal cleft longer than wide, rounded; hypostomal bridge twice as long as hypostoma (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC5FFDEFDB5FE1BFDFEFE53" box="[535,605,484,510]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[264,367,1786,1810]" captionTargetBox="[309,1278,285,1765]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[309,1279,283,1765]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Larva of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: dorsal view of head capsule; b: ventral view of head capsule; c: detail of hypostomal teeth; d: anntena; e: pattern of coloration, dorsal view; f: pattern of coloration, ventral view; g: ventral tubercles; h: anal sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171085/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
b). Antennae as long as base of labral fan, with articles long, subequal in size (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC5FFDEFE76FDF3FDB9FD8B" box="[468,538,524,550]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[264,367,1786,1810]" captionTargetBox="[309,1278,285,1765]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[309,1279,283,1765]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Larva of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: dorsal view of head capsule; b: ventral view of head capsule; c: detail of hypostomal teeth; d: anntena; e: pattern of coloration, dorsal view; f: pattern of coloration, ventral view; g: ventral tubercles; h: anal sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171085/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
d). Labral fan with 42–47 rays. Mandibular teeth: 1 apical, 2 external, 3 subapical, about 8 internal teeth; 1 large mandibular serration. Subesophageal ganglion not pigmented.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFC5FFDEFE9AFD7BFEE6FCBB" blockId="9.[264,1325,284,1110]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Thorax and abdomen yellowish white, with greenish white regions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC5FFDEFBFEFD7BFB00FD33" box="[1116,1187,644,670]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[264,367,1786,1810]" captionTargetBox="[309,1278,285,1765]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[309,1279,283,1765]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Larva of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: dorsal view of head capsule; b: ventral view of head capsule; c: detail of hypostomal teeth; d: anntena; e: pattern of coloration, dorsal view; f: pattern of coloration, ventral view; g: ventral tubercles; h: anal sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171085/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
e, f). Abdomen with 1 + 1 ventral tubercles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC5FFDEFD3CFD53FD45FD6B" box="[670,742,684,710]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[264,367,1786,1810]" captionTargetBox="[309,1278,285,1765]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[309,1279,283,1765]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Larva of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: dorsal view of head capsule; b: ventral view of head capsule; c: detail of hypostomal teeth; d: anntena; e: pattern of coloration, dorsal view; f: pattern of coloration, ventral view; g: ventral tubercles; h: anal sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171085/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFC5FFDEFD74FD53FD45FD6B" box="[726,742,684,710]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="g" value="5.0">5</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
g). Anal sclerite X shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A30FFC5FFDEFB8CFD53FBD6FD6B" box="[1070,1141,684,710]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[264,367,1786,1810]" captionTargetBox="[309,1278,285,1765]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[309,1279,283,1765]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Larva of Simulium stellatum sp. n. a: dorsal view of head capsule; b: ventral view of head capsule; c: detail of hypostomal teeth; d: anntena; e: pattern of coloration, dorsal view; f: pattern of coloration, ventral view; g: ventral tubercles; h: anal sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/171085/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
h); rectal organ with three branches, each with 8–10 lobes. Anal ring with about 67 rows of 9–13 hooks each.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C361653EFFC5FFDEFE9AFCDBFCB8FBFB" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFC5FFDEFE9AFCDBFE35FC23" blockId="9.[264,1325,284,1110]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFC5FFDEFE9AFCDBFE67FC93" bold="true" box="[312,452,804,830]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D36FFC5FFDEFD08FCDBFCB5FC90" box="[682,790,804,829]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stellatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFC5FFDEFD08FCDBFCB5FC90" box="[682,790,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">stellatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is derived from Latin and means starry. The name refers to the scutal pattern and also to the first collection, which was made on a starry night.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436B5FFC5FFDEFE9AFC63FCB8FBFB" blockId="9.[264,1325,284,1110]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFC5FFDEFE9AFC63FE62FC1B" bold="true" box="[312,449,924,950]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bionomics.</emphasis>
|
||
Up to date,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D36FFC5FFDEFDF1FC63FC97FC18" box="[595,820,924,949]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stellatum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFC5FFDEFDF1FC63FC97FC18" box="[595,820,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Simulium stellatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23C57DCFFC5FFDEFC9EFC63FCD8FC1B" box="[828,891,924,950]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has been found only at high altitude in Itatiaia National Park. Until now, only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D36FFC5FFDEFCAEFC3BFC43FC70" box="[780,992,964,989]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schmidtmummi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFC5FFDEFCAEFC3BFC43FC70" box="[780,992,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">S. schmidtmummi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D36FFC5FFDEFB14FC3BFEC2FBA8" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Psaroniocompsa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAA7FFC5FFDEFB14FC3BFEC2FBA8" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Psaroniocompsa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had been recorded above an elevation of
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B50FFC5FFDEFCD3FC13FC7AFBAB" box="[881,985,1004,1030]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="2000.0">2,000 m</quantity>
|
||
. The immatures develop in springs with high levels of insolation and 4–16 ºC water temperature. They use submerged herbaceous riparian vegetation as a substrate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |