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<document id="E8174BA3ABD12A9FFE413CD410BC5744" ID-CLB-Dataset="295379" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5446.2.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b17d6df7-a851-4081-a3a4-9c1936a3da7a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11101578" ID-ZooBank="B1B73538-4AD4-4E0B-843F-74411F6E9AB3" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1714634582387" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Samoh, Abdulloh &amp; Grootaert, Patrick" docDate="2024" docId="03FE4B3B7B59FF99FF035560FA7B7A54" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5446.2.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5446 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5446.2.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.18:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="18" docTitle="Hercostomus Loew 1857" docType="key" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="200" masterDocId="FFC733437B49FF8CFF94533BFFE77B51" masterDocTitle="New species and records of the genus Hercostomus Loew (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Thailand mangroves, with notes on the Hercostomus fauna of Singapore mangroves" masterLastPageNumber="204" masterPageNumber="179" pageNumber="195" updateTime="1714758874372" updateUser="felipe" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="97131B0E6DCEA814B492C80112FE6179">New species and records of the genus Hercostomus Loew (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Thailand mangroves, with notes on the Hercostomus fauna of Singapore mangroves</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="40E8AC2D4FC39BC9917E09DBB24413AD">Samoh, Abdulloh</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="456A8921F519050AA1D7A6D881AD7279">Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Natural History Museum (PSUNHM), Prince of Songkla University, Kho Hong, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2160F31B0FB4AF24988D7EAC1B08B394">Grootaert, Patrick</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4ACF08EE082C37EB5A0183E2817FF677">National Biodiversity Centre, NParks, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore; Department of Entomology, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Vautierstraat 29, B- 1000 Brussels, Belgium &amp; Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Natural History Museum (PSUNHM), Prince of Songkla University, Kho Hong, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand, 90110</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="03FE4B3B7B59FF99FF035560FA7B7A54" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11110127" ID-GBIF-Taxon="228875015" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11110127" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE4B3B7B59FF99FF035560FA7B7A54" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE4B3B7B59FF99FF035560FA7B7A54" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="200" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
<subSubSection id="C34DA9A67B59FF9CFF035560FBE07D25" box="[151,1031,1626,1653]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B59FF9CFF035560FBE07D25" blockId="16.[151,1031,1626,1689]" box="[151,1031,1626,1653]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
<heading id="D0A04D417B59FF9CFF035560FBE07D25" bold="true" box="[151,1031,1626,1653]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="195" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B59FF9CFF035560FBE07D25" bold="true" box="[151,1031,1626,1653]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
Key to male
<emphasis id="B923263F7B59FF9CFEA05560FDB27D24" bold="true" box="[308,597,1626,1653]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
<taxonomicName id="4C5781AE7B59FF9CFEA05560FE337D24" ID-CoL="4VS7" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1857" box="[308,468,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hercostomus</taxonomicName>
sensu lato
</emphasis>
from mangroves in Southeast Asia
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34DA9A67B59FF9CFF035544FE4D7DC8" box="[151,426,1663,1689]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B59FF9CFF035544FE4D7DC8" blockId="16.[151,1031,1626,1689]" box="[151,426,1663,1689]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
(after
<bibRefCitation id="EFC687DC7B59FF9CFF4F5544FE457DC8" author="Zhang, L. L. &amp; Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P." box="[219,418,1663,1689]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195" pagination="17 - 28" refId="ref8650" refString="Zhang, L. L., Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P. (2008) Mangrove Hercostomus sensu lato (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) of Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 56, 17 - 28." type="journal article" year="2008">
Zhang
<emphasis id="B923263F7B59FF9CFEBD5544FE857DC8" box="[297,354,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34DA9A67B59FF99FF0355FFFA7B7A54" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="200" pageId="16" pageNumber="195" type="key">
<keyStep id="30A3E2887B59FF9CFF0355FFFA7B7DA7" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B59FF9CFF0355FFFA7B7D88" blockId="16.[151,1437,1732,2018]" box="[151,1436,1732,1759]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
<keyLead id="30A659187B59FF9CFF0355FFFA7B7D88" box="[151,1436,1732,1759]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
1 Wing with grey to brown pterostigma at tip R
<subScript id="17D3F8687B59FF9CFD0355E8FD797D8E" attach="left" box="[663,670,1747,1759]" fontSize="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">1</subScript>
; R
<subScript id="17D3F8687B59FF9CFD2F55E8FD367D8E" attach="left" box="[699,721,1747,1759]" fontSize="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">4+5</subScript>
thickened from basal quarter onwards (
<figureCitation id="136CE6A87B59FF9CFBDB55FFFB737D88" box="[1103,1172,1732,1754]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1936,1960]" captionTargetBox="[158,1436,222,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-18@17.[151,1436,181,1912]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. Hercostomus lanceolatus Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, 2008. Male habitus. (photo Abdulloh Samoh)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101612" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101612/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
).................... 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B59FF9CFF0355DAFA7B7DA7" blockId="16.[151,1437,1732,2018]" box="[151,1436,1761,1788]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
<keyLead id="30A659187B59FF9CFF0355DAFA7B7DA7" box="[151,1436,1761,1788]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
- Wing lacking stigma at tip R
<subScript id="17D3F8687B59FF9CFE6255CBFE1A7DAD" attach="left" box="[502,509,1776,1788]" fontSize="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">1</subScript>
; R
<subScript id="17D3F8687B59FF9CFD8D55CBFDC87DAD" attach="left" box="[537,559,1776,1788]" fontSize="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">4+5</subScript>
not thickened............................................................ 3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30A3E2887B59FF9CFF0355C5FA7B7C3A" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B59FF9CFF0355C5FA7B7C60" blockId="16.[151,1437,1732,2018]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
<keyLead id="30A659187B59FF9CFF0355C5FA7B7C60" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
2 Pterostigma elongate, extending beyond start of thickening of vein R
<subScript id="17D3F8687B59FF9CFCE05436FC6E7C48" attach="left" box="[884,905,1805,1817]" fontSize="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">4+5</subScript>
(
<figureCitation id="136CE6A87B59FF9CFC0255C5FC3A7C42" box="[918,989,1790,1812]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1936,1960]" captionTargetBox="[158,1436,222,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-18@17.[151,1436,181,1912]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. Hercostomus lanceolatus Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, 2008. Male habitus. (photo Abdulloh Samoh)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101612" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101612/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
); knee of hind femur darkened above (
<figureCitation id="136CE6A87B59FF9CFADA55C5FA7F7C42" box="[1358,1432,1790,1812]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1936,1960]" captionTargetBox="[158,1436,222,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-18@17.[151,1436,181,1912]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 13. Hercostomus lanceolatus Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, 2008. Male habitus. (photo Abdulloh Samoh)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101612" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101612/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">Figs 13</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136CE6A87B59FF9CFF765427FF1A7C60" box="[226,253,1820,1841]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[237,1376,257,1895]" captionTargetId="figure-21@18.[202,1386,181,1957]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 14. Hercostomus lanceolatus Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, 2008. Female habitus. (photo Abdulloh Samoh)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101616" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101616/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">14</figureCitation>
); aedeagus with small denticle, in more basal position...........................
<taxonomicName id="4C5781AE7B59FF9CFBCF5427FA7B7C60" authority="Zhang et al., 2008" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="2008" box="[1115,1436,1820,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B59FF9CFBCF5427FB007C60" box="[1115,1255,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">H. lanceolatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC687DC7B59FF9CFB795427FA7B7C60" author="Zhang, L. L. &amp; Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P." box="[1261,1436,1820,1842]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195" pagination="17 - 28" refId="ref8650" refString="Zhang, L. L., Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P. (2008) Mangrove Hercostomus sensu lato (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) of Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 56, 17 - 28." type="journal article" year="2008">
Zhang
<emphasis id="B923263F7B59FF9CFAA45427FABC7C60" box="[1328,1371,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">et al</emphasis>
., 2008
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B59FF9CFF035402FA7B7C3A" blockId="16.[151,1437,1732,2018]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
<keyLead id="30A659187B59FF9CFF035402FA7B7C3A" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
- Pterostigma shorter, reaching level of thickening of vein R
<subScript id="17D3F8687B59FF9CFC8B5473FCD27C05" attach="left" box="[799,821,1864,1876]" fontSize="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">4+5</subScript>
; knee of hind femur not darkened above; aedeagus with larger denticle in more anteriad position.................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C5781AE7B59FF9CFB14546CFA7B7C3A" authority="Zhang et al., 2008" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="2008" box="[1152,1436,1878,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limosus">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B59FF9CFB14546CFB007C3A" box="[1152,1255,1878,1900]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">H. limosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC687DC7B59FF9CFB79546DFA7B7C3A" author="Zhang, L. L. &amp; Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P." box="[1261,1436,1878,1900]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195" pagination="17 - 28" refId="ref8650" refString="Zhang, L. L., Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P. (2008) Mangrove Hercostomus sensu lato (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) of Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 56, 17 - 28." type="journal article" year="2008">
Zhang
<emphasis id="B923263F7B59FF9CFAA4546CFABC7C3A" box="[1328,1371,1878,1900]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">et al</emphasis>
., 2008
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30A3E2887B59FF9CFF03544FFA7B7CF7" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B59FF9CFF03544FFA7B7CD8" blockId="16.[151,1437,1732,2018]" box="[151,1436,1908,1930]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
<keyLead id="30A659187B59FF9CFF03544FFA7B7CD8" box="[151,1436,1908,1930]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
3 First flagellomere distinctly elongated, at least 2.0 times as long as wide (
<figureCitation id="136CE6A87B59FF9CFC37544FFC077CD8" box="[931,992,1908,1930]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[243,1396,209,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[192,1396,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Hercostomus obtusus sp. nov. Male habitus (photo Abdulloh Samoh)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101580/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136CE6A87B59FF9CFC78544FFBE27CD8" box="[1004,1029,1908,1929]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[295,1285,210,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[243,1345,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Hercostomus brevidigitalis Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, 2008. Male habitus (Ma10627) (photo Abdulloh Samoh)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101604" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101604/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">10</figureCitation>
)............................... 4
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B59FF9CFF0354AAFA7B7CF7" blockId="16.[151,1437,1732,2018]" box="[151,1436,1937,1959]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
<keyLead id="30A659187B59FF9CFF0354AAFA7B7CF7" box="[151,1436,1937,1959]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">- First flagellomere not elongated, at most 1.6 times as long as wide.............................................. 7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30A3E2887B59FF9CFF035495FA7B7CB0" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B59FF9CFF035495FA7B7C92" blockId="16.[151,1437,1732,2018]" box="[151,1436,1966,1988]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
<keyLead id="30A659187B59FF9CFF035495FA7B7C92" box="[151,1436,1966,1988]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
4 First flagellomere with blunt tip..........................................
<taxonomicName id="4C5781AE7B59FF9CFBB45494FAAD7C92" authority="Samoh &amp; Grootaert" authorityName="Samoh &amp; Grootaert" authorityYear="2024" box="[1056,1354,1966,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="195" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obtusus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B59FF9CFBB45494FB617C92" box="[1056,1158,1966,1988]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">H. obtusus</emphasis>
Samoh &amp; Grootaert
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B923263F7B59FF9CFAC45495FA7B7C92" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1966,1987]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2109B447B59FF9CFAC45495FA7B7C92" box="[1360,1436,1966,1987]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B59FF9CFF0354F7FA7B7CB0" blockId="16.[151,1437,1732,2018]" box="[151,1436,1995,2018]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
<keyLead id="30A659187B59FF9CFF0354F7FA7B7CB0" box="[151,1436,1995,2018]" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">
- First flagellomere with pointed tip (
<figureCitation id="136CE6A87B59FF9CFDAC54F7FD997CB0" box="[568,638,1996,2018]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[295,1285,210,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[243,1345,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Hercostomus brevidigitalis Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, 2008. Male habitus (Ma10627) (photo Abdulloh Samoh)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101604" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101604/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="195">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
)................................................................ 5
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<caption id="DF28AAA57B58FF9DFF0354ABFAE97CF9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101612" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11101612" box="[151,1294,1936,1961]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101612/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="196" startId="17.[151,250,1936,1960]" targetBox="[158,1436,222,1894]" targetPageId="17" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B58FF9DFF0354ABFAE97CF9" blockId="17.[151,1294,1936,1961]" box="[151,1294,1936,1961]" pageId="17" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B58FF9DFF0354ABFEC77CF9" bold="true" box="[151,288,1936,1960]" pageId="17" pageNumber="196">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5781AE7B58FF9DFEB254AAFC967CF9" authority="Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, 2008" authorityName="Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert" authorityYear="2008" box="[294,881,1936,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="196" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B58FF9DFEB254AAFDC17CF9" box="[294,550,1936,1960]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="196">Hercostomus lanceolatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC687DC7B58FF9DFDB854ABFC967CF9" author="Zhang, L. L. &amp; Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P." box="[556,881,1936,1961]" pageId="17" pageNumber="196" pagination="17 - 28" refId="ref8650" refString="Zhang, L. L., Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P. (2008) Mangrove Hercostomus sensu lato (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) of Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 56, 17 - 28." type="journal article" year="2008">Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, 2008</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Male habitus. (photo Abdulloh Samoh).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF28AAA57B5BFF9EFF035486FAC37C84" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101616" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11101616" box="[151,1316,1981,2006]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101616/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="197" startId="18.[151,250,1981,2005]" targetBox="[237,1376,257,1895]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B5BFF9EFF035486FAC37C84" blockId="18.[151,1316,1981,2006]" box="[151,1316,1981,2006]" pageId="18" pageNumber="197">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5BFF9EFF035486FEC77C84" bold="true" box="[151,288,1981,2005]" pageId="18" pageNumber="197">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5781AE7B5BFF9EFEB25485FC967C87" authority="Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, 2008" authorityName="Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert" authorityYear="2008" box="[294,881,1981,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5BFF9EFEB25485FDC17C84" box="[294,550,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="197">Hercostomus lanceolatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC687DC7B5BFF9EFDB85486FC967C87" author="Zhang, L. L. &amp; Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P." box="[556,881,1981,2006]" pageId="18" pageNumber="197" pagination="17 - 28" refId="ref8650" refString="Zhang, L. L., Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P. (2008) Mangrove Hercostomus sensu lato (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) of Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 56, 17 - 28." type="journal article" year="2008">Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, 2008</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Female habitus. (photo Abdulloh Samoh).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF28AAA57B5AFF9FFF035558FB117D2A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101620" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11101620" box="[151,1270,1635,1660]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101620/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="198" startId="19.[151,250,1635,1659]" targetBox="[152,1429,214,1608]" targetPageId="19" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B5AFF9FFF035558FB117D2A" blockId="19.[151,1270,1635,1660]" box="[151,1270,1635,1660]" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5AFF9FFF035558FEC77D2A" bold="true" box="[151,288,1635,1659]" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5781AE7B5AFF9FFEB2555FFCBE7D2A" authority="Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, 2008" authorityName="Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert" authorityYear="2008" box="[294,857,1635,1660]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plumatus">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5AFF9FFEB2555FFDE97D2A" box="[294,526,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">Hercostomus plumatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC687DC7B5AFF9FFD805558FCBE7D2A" author="Zhang, L. L. &amp; Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P." box="[532,857,1635,1660]" pageId="19" pageNumber="198" pagination="17 - 28" refId="ref8650" refString="Zhang, L. L., Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P. (2008) Mangrove Hercostomus sensu lato (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) of Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 56, 17 - 28." type="journal article" year="2008">Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, 2008</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Male habitus. (photo Abdulloh Samoh).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<keyStep id="30A3E2887B5AFF9FFF0355F1FA7B7C69" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B5AFF9FFF0355F1FA7B7DAF" blockId="19.[151,1437,1738,2024]" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30A659187B5AFF9FFF0355F1FA7B7DAF" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">
5 First flagellomere 2.3 times as long as wide (
<figureCitation id="136CE6A87B5AFF9FFD0855F1FD3F7DB1" box="[668,728,1738,1760]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[220,1350,201,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[214,1373,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Hercostomus squamatus sp. nov. Male habitus (photo: Abdulloh Samoh)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101586" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101586/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
); all coxae blackish; femora blackish except tip of fore and mid femora; cercus with at least 3 strong bristles on outer margin......................................................... 6
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B5AFF9FFF03543DFA7B7C69" blockId="19.[151,1437,1738,2024]" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30A659187B5AFF9FFF03543DFA7B7C69" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">
- First flagellomere 3.0 times as long as wide; fore coxa yellow, mid and hind coxae brown, femora yellow; cercus without strong bristles on outer margin..........................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C5781AE7B5AFF9FFB185418FA7B7C69" authority="Zhang et al., 2008" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="2008" box="[1164,1436,1826,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="meieri">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5AFF9FFB185418FB007C69" box="[1164,1255,1827,1848]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">H. meieri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC687DC7B5AFF9FFB795419FA7B7C69" author="Zhang, L. L. &amp; Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P." box="[1261,1436,1826,1848]" pageId="19" pageNumber="198" pagination="17 - 28" refId="ref8650" refString="Zhang, L. L., Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P. (2008) Mangrove Hercostomus sensu lato (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) of Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 56, 17 - 28." type="journal article" year="2008">
Zhang
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5AFF9FFAA45418FABC7C66" box="[1328,1371,1826,1848]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">et al</emphasis>
., 2008
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30A3E2887B5AFF9FFF03547BFA7B7CFC" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B5AFF9FFF03547BFA7B7C23" blockId="19.[151,1437,1738,2024]" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30A659187B5AFF9FFF03547BFA7B7C23" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">
6 Hind femur with two long ventral bristles at base of hind femur, nearly as long as femur is deep; cercus with only three strong, black squamiform bristles on outer margin.....................................
<taxonomicName id="4C5781AE7B5AFF9FFBDE5465FA7B7C23" authority="Zhang et al., 2008" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="2008" box="[1098,1436,1885,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevidigitalis">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5AFF9FFBDE5465FB007C23" box="[1098,1255,1885,1907]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">H. brevidigitalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC687DC7B5AFF9FFB795466FA7B7C23" author="Zhang, L. L. &amp; Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P." box="[1261,1436,1885,1907]" pageId="19" pageNumber="198" pagination="17 - 28" refId="ref8650" refString="Zhang, L. L., Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P. (2008) Mangrove Hercostomus sensu lato (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) of Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 56, 17 - 28." type="journal article" year="2008">
Zhang
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5AFF9FFAA45465FA867C23" box="[1328,1377,1885,1907]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">et al.</emphasis>
, 2008
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B5AFF9FFF035440FA7B7CFC" blockId="19.[151,1437,1738,2024]" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30A659187B5AFF9FFF035440FA7B7CFC" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">
- Hind femur without long ventral bristles at base; cercus with seven strong, black squamiform bristles along outer margin....................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C5781AE7B5AFF9FFB9654A2FAAD7CFC" authority="Samoh &amp; Grootaert" authorityName="Samoh &amp; Grootaert" authorityYear="2024" box="[1026,1354,1944,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="squamatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5AFF9FFB9654A2FB607CFF" box="[1026,1159,1945,1966]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">H. squamatus</emphasis>
Samoh &amp; Grootaert
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5AFF9FFAC454A3FA7B7CFC" bold="true" box="[1360,1436,1944,1965]" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2109B447B5AFF9FFAC454A3FA7B7CFC" box="[1360,1436,1944,1965]" pageId="19" pageNumber="198" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30A3E2887B5AFF9FFF03548DFA7B7CB9" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B5AFF9FFF03548DFA7B7C9B" blockId="19.[151,1437,1738,2024]" box="[151,1436,1973,1995]" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30A659187B5AFF9FFF03548DFA7B7C9B" box="[151,1436,1973,1995]" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">
7 First flagellomere as long as wide (
<figureCitation id="136CE6A87B5AFF9FFDA0548EFD8B7C9B" box="[564,620,1973,1995]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[234,1350,219,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[217,1371,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Hercostomus brevicornis Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, 2008. Male habitus (photo Abdulloh Samoh)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101594" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101594/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
)................................................................. 8
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B5AFF9FFF0354E8FA7B7CB9" blockId="19.[151,1437,1738,2024]" box="[151,1436,2002,2024]" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">
<keyLead id="30A659187B5AFF9FFF0354E8FA7B7CB9" box="[151,1436,2002,2024]" pageId="19" pageNumber="198">- First flagellomere longer than wide: 1.3–1.6 x as long as wide................................................. 9</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<caption id="DF28AAA57B5DFF98FF03541EFAEA7C6C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101622" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11101622" box="[151,1293,1829,1854]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101622/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="199" startId="20.[151,250,1829,1853]" targetBox="[152,1435,181,1805]" targetPageId="20" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B5DFF98FF03541EFAEA7C6C" blockId="20.[151,1293,1829,1854]" box="[151,1293,1829,1854]" pageId="20" pageNumber="199">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5DFF98FF03541EFEC77C6C" bold="true" box="[151,288,1829,1853]" pageId="20" pageNumber="199">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5781AE7B5DFF98FEB2541DFCBE7C6C" authority="Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, 2008" authorityName="Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert" authorityYear="2008" box="[294,857,1829,1854]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plumatus">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5DFF98FEB2541DFDE97C6C" box="[294,526,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="199">Hercostomus plumatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC687DC7B5DFF98FD80541EFCBE7C6C" author="Zhang, L. L. &amp; Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P." box="[532,857,1829,1854]" pageId="20" pageNumber="199" pagination="17 - 28" refId="ref8650" refString="Zhang, L. L., Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P. (2008) Mangrove Hercostomus sensu lato (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) of Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 56, 17 - 28." type="journal article" year="2008">Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, 2008</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Female habitus. (photo Abdulloh Samoh).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<keyStep id="30A3E2887B5DFF98FF0354B7FA7B7CA8" pageId="20" pageNumber="199">
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B5DFF98FF0354B7FA7B7CEE" blockId="20.[151,1437,1932,2042]" pageId="20" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30A659187B5DFF98FF0354B7FA7B7CEE" pageId="20" pageNumber="199">
8 Fore coxae yellow, mid and hind coxae black; cercus triangular; aedeagus with strong subapical tooth............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C5781AE7B5DFF98FBC35491FA7B7CEE" ID-CoL="3KYDR" authority="Zhang et al., 2007" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="2007" box="[1111,1436,1962,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tiomanensis">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5DFF98FBC35491FB007CEE" box="[1111,1255,1962,1983]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="199">H. tiomanensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC687DC7B5DFF98FB795491FA7B7CEE" author="Zhang, L. L. &amp; Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P." box="[1261,1436,1962,1984]" pageId="20" pageNumber="199" pagination="243 - 249" refId="ref8594" refString="Zhang, L. L., Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P. (2007) New Dolichopodinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Pulau Tioman, Malaysia, with description of four new species. Bulletin van het Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen, Entomologie, 77, 243 - 249." type="journal article" year="2007">
Zhang
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5DFF98FAA45491FABC7CEE" box="[1328,1371,1962,1983]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="199">et al</emphasis>
., 2007
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B5DFF98FF0354FCFA7B7CA8" blockId="20.[151,1437,1932,2042]" pageId="20" pageNumber="199">
<keyLead id="30A659187B5DFF98FF0354FCFA7B7CA8" pageId="20" pageNumber="199">
- All coxae yellow, mid coxae at most pale brownish with black anterior stripe; cercus strongly curved, almost geniculate; aedeagus with long slender tip, with 2 inner denticles..............................
<taxonomicName id="4C5781AE7B5DFF98FBC954DEFA7B7CA8" ID-CoL="8CB9L" authority="Zhang et al., 2008" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="2008" box="[1117,1436,2020,2042]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicornis">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5DFF98FBC954DEFB017CA8" box="[1117,1254,2020,2042]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="199">H. brevicornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC687DC7B5DFF98FB7954DFFA7B7CA8" author="Zhang, L. L. &amp; Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P." box="[1261,1436,2020,2042]" pageId="20" pageNumber="199" pagination="17 - 28" refId="ref8650" refString="Zhang, L. L., Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P. (2008) Mangrove Hercostomus sensu lato (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) of Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 56, 17 - 28." type="journal article" year="2008">
Zhang
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5DFF98FAA454DEFA867CA8" box="[1328,1377,2020,2042]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="199">et al.</emphasis>
, 2008
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30A3E2887B5CFF99FF0353A3FA7B7A54" pageId="21" pageNumber="200">
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B5CFF99FF0353A3FA7B7BB6" blockId="21.[151,1436,151,261]" pageId="21" pageNumber="200">
<keyLead id="30A659187B5CFF99FF0353A3FA7B7BB6" pageId="21" pageNumber="200">
9 Fore tarsomere 1 shortened, concave ventrally with 2 long curved ventral bristles; mid tarsomere 1 concave ventrally, with 1 strong ventral bristle near middle and 5 short ventral bristles basally; cercus large, with short apical tail........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C5781AE7B5CFF99FBD153E8FA7B7BB6" authority="Zhang et al., 2008" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="2008" box="[1093,1436,210,232]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singaporensis">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5CFF99FBD153E8FB017BB9" box="[1093,1254,211,232]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="200">H. singaporensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC687DC7B5CFF99FB7953E9FA7B7BB6" author="Zhang, L. L. &amp; Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P." box="[1261,1436,210,232]" pageId="21" pageNumber="200" pagination="17 - 28" refId="ref8650" refString="Zhang, L. L., Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P. (2008) Mangrove Hercostomus sensu lato (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) of Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 56, 17 - 28." type="journal article" year="2008">
Zhang
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5CFF99FAA453E8FA867BB6" box="[1328,1377,210,232]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="200">et al.</emphasis>
, 2008
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8FA2D7B5CFF99FF0353CBFA7B7A54" blockId="21.[151,1436,151,261]" box="[151,1436,239,261]" pageId="21" pageNumber="200">
<keyLead id="30A659187B5CFF99FF0353CBFA7B7A54" box="[151,1436,239,261]" pageId="21" pageNumber="200">
- Fore tarsus unmodified (
<figureCitation id="136CE6A87B5CFF99FE5A53D4FDF27A54" box="[462,533,239,261]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1635,1659]" captionTargetBox="[152,1429,214,1608]" captionTargetId="figure-18@19.[151,1436,181,1611]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 15. Hercostomus plumatus Zhang, Yang &amp; Grootaert, 2008. Male habitus. (photo Abdulloh Samoh)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11101620" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11101620/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="200">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
); cercus triangular, without apical tail...................
<taxonomicName id="4C5781AE7B5CFF99FBE653CBFA7B7A54" authority="Zhang et al., 2008" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="2008" box="[1138,1436,239,261]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plumatus">
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5CFF99FBE653CBFB007A55" box="[1138,1255,239,261]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="200">H. plumatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC687DC7B5CFF99FB7953D4FA7B7A54" author="Zhang, L. L. &amp; Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P." box="[1261,1436,239,261]" pageId="21" pageNumber="200" pagination="17 - 28" refId="ref8650" refString="Zhang, L. L., Yang, D. &amp; Grootaert, P. (2008) Mangrove Hercostomus sensu lato (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) of Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 56, 17 - 28." type="journal article" year="2008">
Zhang
<emphasis id="B923263F7B5CFF99FAA453CBFA867A55" box="[1328,1377,239,261]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="200">et al.</emphasis>
, 2008
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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