treatments-xml/data/03/B7/87/03B787F6A207FFB98BCAFEABE44CE98C.xml

<document id="202D163FA47A74083C0C1758776A0E4B" ID-CLB-Dataset="160069" ID-DOI="10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a28" ID-GBIF-Dataset="72def8b5-32ce-44ea-9b40-28a3d239c00c" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7145305" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2611B0BC-F569-4135-A09C-6E527C2565A4" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1664918879762" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Gentis, Nicolas, Licht, Alexis, Boura, Anaïs, Aung, Dario De Franceschi Zaw Win Day Wa &amp; Dupont-Nivet, Guillaume" docDate="2022" docId="03B787F6A207FFB98BCAFEABE44CE98C" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.44.28.853-909.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 44 (28)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00.4:Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Albizinium eolebbekianum Prakash" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="860" masterDocId="FF8EFF8EA200FFB08864FFDDE74BEA43" masterDocTitle="Fossil wood from the lower Miocene of Myanmar (Natma Formation): palaeoenvironmental and biogeographic implications" masterLastPageNumber="909" masterPageNumber="853" pageNumber="858" updateTime="1699387669439" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:title id="3B5EC1BF54D24F0CFD1D5392C34ABE35">Fossil wood from the lower Miocene of Myanmar (Natma Formation): palaeoenvironmental and biogeographic implications</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="42E0056A17B51C66A66C10CA694C1BB3">Gentis, Nicolas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A04C838A2CC741A77D842FB4D7A9F69E">Licht, Alexis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4B1980646FE373BA2760B25A32388F97">Aung, Dario De Franceschi Zaw Win Day Wa</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8BA136E0A207FFB78BCAFEABE265EBD2" blockId="7.[942,1326,374,401]" box="[942,1326,374,401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">
<heading id="D0E9818CA207FFB78BCAFEABE265EBD2" box="[942,1326,374,401]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A207FFB78BCAFEABE265EBD2" authority="Prakash" authorityName="Prakash" box="[942,1326,374,401]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizinium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eolebbekianum">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A207FFB78BCAFEABE39FEBD2" bold="true" box="[942,1236,374,401]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Albizinium eolebbekianum</emphasis>
Prakash
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA136E0A207FFB78C22FE4AE3DDEBF2" blockId="7.[1094,1174,406,433]" box="[1094,1174,406,433]" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">
(
<figureCitation id="13252A65A207FFB78C2BFE4BE3C6EBF2" box="[1103,1165,406,433]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,157,1362,1379]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-331@8.[698,1267,213,768]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Albizinium eolebbekianum Prakash, MNHN.F.50172: A, Ts,vessels and parenchyma arrangement,marginal parenchyma band (arrow); B, Ts, lozengealiform parenchyma, sometimes confluent, fibres radialy aligned; C, Tls, alternate intervessel pits, simple perforation plates; D, Tls, 1-3-seriate rays, septa (black arrows) and crystalliferous parenchyma (white arrow); E, Tls, detail of a septate fibre; F, Rls, homocellular ray. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 500 µm; D, 200 µm; C, F, 100 µm; E, 25 µm. Abbreviations: see Fig. 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7145311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7145311/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C304656BA207FFB78B49FE12E2E5EBAB" box="[813,1454,463,488]" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0A207FFB78B49FE12E2E5EBAB" blockId="7.[813,1454,463,488]" box="[813,1454,463,488]" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A207FFB78B49FE12E3A0EBAB" authority="Prakash, 1975: 197" authorityName="Prakash" authorityPageNumber="197" authorityYear="1975" box="[813,1259,463,488]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizinium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eolebbekianum">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A207FFB78B49FE12E361EBA4" box="[813,1066,463,487]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Albizinium eolebbekianum</emphasis>
Prakash, 1975: 197
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 3, figs 9, 11, 12.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BA207FFB78B49FE22E263E898" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0A207FFB78B49FE22E352E872" blockId="7.[813,1457,511,561]" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">
<materialsCitation id="3B763CBDA207FFB78B49FE22E352E872" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921372321" location="Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences Museum" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
ORIGINAL 
<typeStatus id="54A58842A207FFB78BF2FDD8E4B0E855" box="[918,1019,517,534]" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
. — Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences Museum no. 150/1014.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136E0A207FFB78B49FD97E360E838" blockId="7.[811,1456,585,636]" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">
MATERIAL. — 
<materialsCitation id="3B763CBDA207FFB78BD2FD94E360E838" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921372305" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" specimenCode="MNHN.F.50172" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCode id="DBB89E9BA207FFB78BD2FD94E310E822" box="[950,1115,585,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">MNHN.F.50172</specimenCode>
(field number: 17FN04). Estimated minimal diameter: 
<quantity id="4CE69B05A207FFB78B82FDB9E36CE838" box="[998,1063,612,636]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136E0A207FFB78B49FD49E238E8EF" blockId="7.[813,1395,659,684]" box="[813,1395,659,684]" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">
LOCALITY. — Kalewa Township, 
<collectingRegion id="49DAF802A207FFB78C14FD4EE242E8E8" box="[1136,1289,659,683]" country="Myanmar" name="Sagaing" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Sagaing Region</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F3097670A207FFB78D77FD49E238E8EF" box="[1299,1395,660,684]" name="Myanmar" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136E0A207FFB78B49FD1EE263E898" blockId="7.[813,1320,707,731]" box="[813,1320,707,731]" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">AGE. — Upper lower to lowermost middle Miocene</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C304656BA207FFB78B49FCCBE2E2EF2D" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0A207FFB78B49FCCBE4F6E973" blockId="7.[811,1457,790,1390]" box="[813,957,790,816]" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136E0A207FFB78B49FCE8E2E2EF2D" blockId="7.[811,1457,790,1390]" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">
Wood diffuse-porous. Growth ring boundaries indistinct. Vessels mostly solitary (80%) or grouped by 2, rarely 3, oval, 0-5 per mm² (average: 2) (
<figureCitation id="13252A65A207FFB78C37FCA8E38CE9CC" box="[1107,1223,885,911]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[132,157,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1531]" captionTargetId="figure-228@6.[699,1268,778,1344]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Cupressinoxylon sp. MNHN.F.50171: A, transverse section (Ts), growth limits (white arrows), diffuse parenchyma (grey arrows) and zonate parenchyma (black arrows), large black areas are cells filled with deposit material; B, Ts, growth limit with gradual transition from earlywood to latewood; C, tangential longitudinal section (Tls), 1- sometimes 2-seriate rays and parenchyma lines (arrow); D, Tls, detail of 1- sometimes 2-seriate rays; E, Tls, smooth longitudinal parenchyma walls (arrows); F, Tls, 1-2-seriate rays and tangential pits (arrows); G, radial longitudinal section (Rls), possibly cupressoid and/or podocarpoid crossfield pits (arrow); H, Rls, uniseriate radial pits; I, Rls, smooth parenchyma cell walls.Scale bars: A, C, 1 mm; B, 200 µm; E-F, H, 100 µm; G, 50 µm; I, 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7145309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7145309/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
); tangential diameter 140-260 µm (average: 210 µm). Tyloses absent. Vessel elements 180-460 µm long (average: 290 µm). Perforation plates simple, mostly horizontal to slightly oblique (
<figureCitation id="13252A65A207FFB78D34FC09E2E9E9AC" box="[1360,1442,980,1007]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,157,1362,1379]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-331@8.[698,1267,213,768]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Albizinium eolebbekianum Prakash, MNHN.F.50172: A, Ts,vessels and parenchyma arrangement,marginal parenchyma band (arrow); B, Ts, lozengealiform parenchyma, sometimes confluent, fibres radialy aligned; C, Tls, alternate intervessel pits, simple perforation plates; D, Tls, 1-3-seriate rays, septa (black arrows) and crystalliferous parenchyma (white arrow); E, Tls, detail of a septate fibre; F, Rls, homocellular ray. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 500 µm; D, 200 µm; C, F, 100 µm; E, 25 µm. Abbreviations: see Fig. 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7145311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7145311/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
). Intervessel pits alternate, polygonal in shape and crowded, 6-10 µm in size (
<figureCitation id="13252A65A207FFB78B90FBC9E305EE6D" box="[1012,1102,1044,1070]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,157,1362,1379]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-331@8.[698,1267,213,768]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Albizinium eolebbekianum Prakash, MNHN.F.50172: A, Ts,vessels and parenchyma arrangement,marginal parenchyma band (arrow); B, Ts, lozengealiform parenchyma, sometimes confluent, fibres radialy aligned; C, Tls, alternate intervessel pits, simple perforation plates; D, Tls, 1-3-seriate rays, septa (black arrows) and crystalliferous parenchyma (white arrow); E, Tls, detail of a septate fibre; F, Rls, homocellular ray. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 500 µm; D, 200 µm; C, F, 100 µm; E, 25 µm. Abbreviations: see Fig. 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7145311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7145311/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
). Vessel-ray pits not preserved. Axial parenchyma lozenge-aliform, sometimes confluent, and seemingly marginal bands (
<figureCitation id="13252A65A207FFB78C1DFB89E3AEEE2C" box="[1145,1253,1108,1135]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,157,1362,1379]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-331@8.[698,1267,213,768]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Albizinium eolebbekianum Prakash, MNHN.F.50172: A, Ts,vessels and parenchyma arrangement,marginal parenchyma band (arrow); B, Ts, lozengealiform parenchyma, sometimes confluent, fibres radialy aligned; C, Tls, alternate intervessel pits, simple perforation plates; D, Tls, 1-3-seriate rays, septa (black arrows) and crystalliferous parenchyma (white arrow); E, Tls, detail of a septate fibre; F, Rls, homocellular ray. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 500 µm; D, 200 µm; C, F, 100 µm; E, 25 µm. Abbreviations: see Fig. 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7145311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7145311/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
); also, maybe some diffuse parenchyma; parenchyma cells 100-150 µm (average: 120 µm) long in tangential plan, 20-50 µm (average: 30 µm) wide; crystals present in chambered cells (
<figureCitation id="13252A65A207FFB78C96FB69E202EE8D" box="[1266,1353,1204,1230]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,157,1362,1379]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-331@8.[698,1267,213,768]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Albizinium eolebbekianum Prakash, MNHN.F.50172: A, Ts,vessels and parenchyma arrangement,marginal parenchyma band (arrow); B, Ts, lozengealiform parenchyma, sometimes confluent, fibres radialy aligned; C, Tls, alternate intervessel pits, simple perforation plates; D, Tls, 1-3-seriate rays, septa (black arrows) and crystalliferous parenchyma (white arrow); E, Tls, detail of a septate fibre; F, Rls, homocellular ray. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 500 µm; D, 200 µm; C, F, 100 µm; E, 25 µm. Abbreviations: see Fig. 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7145311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7145311/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
). Rays 1- to 3-seriate (mainly 2), non-storied, 5-8 rays per tangential mm (average: 6), 150-340 µm (average: 220 µm) or 5-20 cells high (
<figureCitation id="13252A65A207FFB78BFBFACEE4BFEF6D" box="[927,1012,1299,1326]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,157,1362,1379]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-331@8.[698,1267,213,768]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Albizinium eolebbekianum Prakash, MNHN.F.50172: A, Ts,vessels and parenchyma arrangement,marginal parenchyma band (arrow); B, Ts, lozengealiform parenchyma, sometimes confluent, fibres radialy aligned; C, Tls, alternate intervessel pits, simple perforation plates; D, Tls, 1-3-seriate rays, septa (black arrows) and crystalliferous parenchyma (white arrow); E, Tls, detail of a septate fibre; F, Rls, homocellular ray. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 500 µm; D, 200 µm; C, F, 100 µm; E, 25 µm. Abbreviations: see Fig. 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7145311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7145311/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
), homocellular made of procumbent cells (
<figureCitation id="13252A65A207FFB78B52FAEEE4CFEF0D" box="[822,900,1331,1358]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,157,1362,1379]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-331@8.[698,1267,213,768]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Albizinium eolebbekianum Prakash, MNHN.F.50172: A, Ts,vessels and parenchyma arrangement,marginal parenchyma band (arrow); B, Ts, lozengealiform parenchyma, sometimes confluent, fibres radialy aligned; C, Tls, alternate intervessel pits, simple perforation plates; D, Tls, 1-3-seriate rays, septa (black arrows) and crystalliferous parenchyma (white arrow); E, Tls, detail of a septate fibre; F, Rls, homocellular ray. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 500 µm; D, 200 µm; C, F, 100 µm; E, 25 µm. Abbreviations: see Fig. 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7145311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7145311/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
). Fibres with poorly preserved walls, septa present in some fibres (
<figureCitation id="13252A65A207FFB78BD1FA8EE361EF2D" box="[949,1066,1363,1390]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,157,1362,1379]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-331@8.[698,1267,213,768]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 3. — Albizinium eolebbekianum Prakash, MNHN.F.50172: A, Ts,vessels and parenchyma arrangement,marginal parenchyma band (arrow); B, Ts, lozengealiform parenchyma, sometimes confluent, fibres radialy aligned; C, Tls, alternate intervessel pits, simple perforation plates; D, Tls, 1-3-seriate rays, septa (black arrows) and crystalliferous parenchyma (white arrow); E, Tls, detail of a septate fibre; F, Rls, homocellular ray. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 500 µm; D, 200 µm; C, F, 100 µm; E, 25 µm. Abbreviations: see Fig. 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7145311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7145311/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Fig. 3D, E</figureCitation>
), 15-22 µm wide (average: 18 µm).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C304656BA207FFB98B49FA49E44CE98C" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="860" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0A207FFB78B49FA49E4E5EFED" blockId="7.[810,1456,1428,2028]" box="[813,942,1428,1454]" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">DISCUSSION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136E0A207FFB78B49FA6EE333EC6E" blockId="7.[810,1456,1428,2028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">This specimen is characterized by: 1) diffuse-porous wood; 2) exclusively simple perforation plates; 3) aliform parenchyma; 4) the presence of septate fibres; and 5) homocellular and mostly 2- to 3-seriate rays.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136E0A207FFB88B27F9EFE689EDCF" blockId="7.[810,1456,1428,2028]" lastBlockId="8.[130,777,1523,2028]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="859" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">
These characters suggest affinities with modern 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A207FFB78D43F9EFE2C8EC0F" box="[1319,1411,1586,1612]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
and particularly with the traditional Mimosoideae subfamily (now in the recircumscribed Caesalpinioideae subfamily) (LPWG 2017). In 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A207FFB78B2FF94FE358ECEF" author="INSIDEWOOD" box="[843,1043,1682,1708]" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" refId="ref42546" refString="INSIDEWOOD 2004 - onward. - Published on the Internet. Available from http: // insidewood. lib. ncsu. edu / search" type="url" year="2004">InsideWood (2004</bibRefCitation>
-onward), 35% of described specimens of the traditional Mimosoideae have septate fibres. 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A207FFB78D5CF96FE43EECAF" author="OGATA K. &amp; FUJII T. &amp; ABE H. &amp; BAAS P." pageId="7" pageNumber="858" refId="ref45115" refString="OGATA K., FUJII T., ABE H. &amp; BAAS P. 2008. - Identification of the Timbers of Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific. Kaiseisha Press, Otsu-shi, 408 p. http: // www. worldcat. org / oclc / 1087889669" type="book" year="2008">
Ogata 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A207FFB78D1BF96EE2FBEC8F" box="[1407,1456,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">et al.</emphasis>
(2008)
</bibRefCitation>
also indicate that homocellular rays are mostly found in Mimosoideae. In modern wood of Mimosoideae, the lozengealiform parenchyma combined with the presence of septate fibres and homocellular rays is mainly found in genera 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A207FFB78D4FF8ECE23EED08" box="[1323,1397,1841,1867]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A207FFB78D4FF8ECE23EED08" box="[1323,1397,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Albizia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A207FFB78DE6F8EFE429ED28" authority="Mill." authorityName="Mill." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Inga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A207FFB78DE6F8EFE2E4ED08" box="[1410,1455,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Inga</emphasis>
Mill.
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A207FFB78BFFF88CE33EED2F" authority="Mart." authorityName="Mart." box="[923,1141,1873,1900]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pithecellobium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A207FFB78BFFF88CE37AED28" box="[923,1073,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Pithecellobium</emphasis>
Mart.
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A207FFB78CE2F88CE20CED2F" author="INSIDEWOOD" box="[1158,1351,1873,1900]" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" refId="ref42546" refString="INSIDEWOOD 2004 - onward. - Published on the Internet. Available from http: // insidewood. lib. ncsu. edu / search" type="url" year="2004">InsideWood 2004</bibRefCitation>
-onward). 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A207FFB78B49F8ACE488EDC8" box="[813,963,1905,1931]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pithecellobium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A207FFB78B49F8ACE488EDC8" box="[813,963,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Pithecellobium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, has higher and wider rays (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A207FFB78D3FF8ACE42AEDE8" author="AWASTHI N." pageId="7" pageNumber="858" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref38337" refString="AWASTHI N. 1979. - Three new leguminous woods from the Cuddalore series near Pondicherry. The Palaeobotanist 26 (2): 157 - 166 (1977). https: // doi. org / 10.54991 / jop. 1977.1056" type="journal article" year="1979">Awasthi 1979</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A207FFB78B10F84CE4F1EDE8" box="[884,954,1937,1963]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A207FFB78B10F84CE4F1EDE8" box="[884,954,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Albizia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A207FFB78B81F84FE35BEDE8" box="[997,1040,1938,1963]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Inga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A207FFB78B81F84FE35BEDE8" box="[997,1040,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
share a close anatomy.According toEvans 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A207FFB78B49F86FE42BED88" box="[813,864,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">et al.</emphasis>
(2006), 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A207FFB78BD8F86FE4A2ED88" box="[956,1001,1970,1995]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Inga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="858" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A207FFB78BD8F86FE4A2ED88" box="[956,1001,1970,1995]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="858">Inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has slightly more frequent radial multiples of vessels, as well as confluent parenchyma. A comparison with specimens and plates available onInsideWood (2004-onward) also reveal higher and thinner rays for 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB88A42F9CEE518EC6F" box="[550,595,1555,1580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Inga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88A42F9CEE518EC6F" box="[550,595,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">Inga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(frequently with uniseriate portion, and 2-seriate), with more often uniseriate rays, wheareas most of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB8890CF98FE6B6EC2F" box="[360,509,1618,1644]" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB8890CF98FE6FAEC2F" box="[360,433,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">Albizia</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
have fusiform and shorter rays. Thus, our specimen shows closer similarities to the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB888E7F94FE785ECEF" box="[131,206,1682,1708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB888E7F94FE785ECEF" box="[131,206,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">Albizia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including three specific species: 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB88A5DF94FE59DECEF" box="[569,726,1682,1708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lebbeck">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88A5DF94FE59DECEF" box="[569,726,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">Albizia lebbeck</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Benth., regarding its parenchyma arrangement, the presence of septate fibres and non-septate fibres. However, it often has wider rays (up to 5-seriate); 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB889FEF92FE443ED4F" authority="(Guill. &amp; Perr.) Benth." authorityName="Benth." baseAuthorityName="Guill. &amp; Perr." box="[410,776,1778,1804]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferruginea">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB889FEF92FE551ED4F" box="[410,538,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">A. ferruginea</emphasis>
(Guill. &amp; Perr.) Benth.
</taxonomicName>
for its lozenge-aliform parenchyma and vessel density, resulting in a few confluences, similar ray size; and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB88A2DF8EFE785ED28" authority="(Roxb.) Benth." authorityName="Benth." baseAuthorityName="Roxb." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="procera">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88A2DF8EFE5FBED08" box="[585,688,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">A. procera</emphasis>
(Roxb.) Benth.
</taxonomicName>
for its aliform parenchyma rarely confluent and similar ray size (1-3 seriate, fusiform).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF616668A208FFB888E0FA8FE56AEFE4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7145311" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7145311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7145311/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" startId="8.[132,157,1362,1379]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1319]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BA136E0A208FFB888E0FA8FE56AEFE4" blockId="8.[132,1457,1362,1447]" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">
FIG. 3. — 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB888B7FA8FE663EF20" box="[211,296,1362,1379]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">Albizinium</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB88949FA8FE500EF20" authority="Prakash, MNHN. F." authorityName="Prakash, MNHN. F." box="[301,587,1362,1379]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eolebbekianum">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88949FA8FE6E7EF20" box="[301,428,1362,1379]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">eolebbekianum</emphasis>
Prakash, MNHN.F.
</taxonomicName>
50172: 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88AEDFA8FE5DDEF20" bold="true" box="[649,662,1362,1379]" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">A</emphasis>
, Ts,vessels and parenchyma arrangement,marginal parenchyma band (
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88C94FA8FE26FEF20" bold="true" box="[1264,1316,1362,1379]" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">arrow</emphasis>
); 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88D56FA8FE274EF20" bold="true" box="[1330,1343,1362,1379]" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">B</emphasis>
, Ts, lozengealiform parenchyma, sometimes confluent, fibres radialy aligned; 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88AFAFAB5E5E7EF3A" bold="true" box="[670,684,1384,1401]" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">C</emphasis>
, Tls, alternate intervessel pits, simple perforation plates; 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88CE5FAB5E3C4EF3A" bold="true" box="[1153,1167,1384,1401]" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">D</emphasis>
, Tls, 1-3-seriate rays, septa (
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88D1BFAB5E789EFD3" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">black arrows</emphasis>
) and crystalliferous parenchyma (
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB889BBFAA2E501EFD3" bold="true" box="[479,586,1407,1424]" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">white arrow</emphasis>
); 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88A3EFAA2E52DEFD3" bold="true" box="[602,614,1407,1424]" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">E</emphasis>
, Tls, detail of a septate fibre; 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88B00FAA2E424EFD3" bold="true" box="[868,879,1407,1424]" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">F</emphasis>
, Rls, homocellular ray. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 500 µm; D, 200 µm; C, F, 100 µm; E, 25 µm. Abbreviations: see Fig. 2.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA136E0A208FFB888FFF84CE220EDAF" blockId="8.[130,777,1523,2028]" lastBlockId="8.[810,1457,1523,2028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">
Fossil wood specimens resembling 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB88A62F84CE51BEDE8" box="[518,592,1937,1963]" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88A62F84CE51BEDE8" box="[518,592,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">Albizia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are designated under the genus 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB8890FF86CE694ED88" box="[363,479,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">Albizinium</emphasis>
(Prakash 1975) or described as 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB888C5F80CE691EDAF" authority="(Gregory et al. 2009)" baseAuthorityName="Gregory" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[161,474,2001,2028]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB888C5F80CE7A0EDA8" box="[161,235,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">Albizia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A208FFB88898F80CE684EDA8" author="GREGORY M. &amp; POOLE I. &amp; WHEELER E. A." box="[252,463,2001,2027]" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" pagination="1 - 220" refId="ref41582" refString="GREGORY M., POOLE I. &amp; WHEELER E. A. 2009. - Fossil dicot wood names: An annotated list with full bibliography. IAWA Journal Supplement 6: 1 - 220. http: // www. worldcat. org / oclc / 717995010" type="journal article" year="2009">
Gregory 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88938F80FE6DBEDA8" box="[348,400,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The features of the present specimen are compatible with the diagnosis of 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88D55FA2EE2E3EC4E" box="[1329,1448,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">Albizinium</emphasis>
. Although the anatomically close genus 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88CBEF9CFE23EEC6F" box="[1242,1397,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">Acrocarpoxylon</emphasis>
Gottwald has aliform parenchyma and septate fibres, it has more often heterocellular rays (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A208FFB88C56F98FE399EC2F" author="GOTTWALD H. P. J." box="[1074,1234,1618,1644]" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" pagination="1 - 90" refId="ref41511" refString="GOTTWALD H. P. J. 1994. - Tertiare Kieselholzer aus dem Chindwinn-Bassin im nordwestlichen Myanmar (Birma). Documenta Naturae 86: 1 - 90." type="journal article" year="1994">Gottwald 1994</bibRefCitation>
). Among 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88D5DF98FE2E5EC2F" box="[1337,1454,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">Albizinium</emphasis>
fossil species close to our fossil (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A208FFB88CE6F9AFE25FECCF" author="AWASTHI N." box="[1154,1300,1650,1676]" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" pagination="157 - 166" refId="ref38337" refString="AWASTHI N. 1979. - Three new leguminous woods from the Cuddalore series near Pondicherry. The Palaeobotanist 26 (2): 157 - 166 (1977). https: // doi. org / 10.54991 / jop. 1977.1056" type="journal article" year="1979">Awasthi 1979</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A208FFB88D47F9AFE42EECEF" author="PRAKASH U. &amp; LALITHA V. &amp; TRIPATHI P. P." pageId="8" pageNumber="859" pagination="113 - 146" refId="ref46708" refString="PRAKASH U., LALITHA V. &amp; TRIPATHI P. P. 1994. - Plant remains from the Tipam sandstones of northeast India with remarks on the Paleoecology of the region during the Miocene. Palaeontographica Abteilung B 231 (1 - 6): 113 - 146." type="journal article" year="1994">
Prakash 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88D18F9AEE2FBECCF" box="[1404,1456,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">et al.</emphasis>
1994
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A208FFB88B11F94FE311ECEF" author="MEHROTRA R. C. &amp; AWASTHI N. &amp; DUTTA S. K." box="[885,1114,1682,1708]" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" pagination="223 - 247" refId="ref44554" refString="MEHROTRA R. C., AWASTHI N. &amp; DUTTA S. K. 1999. - Study of fossil wood from the upper Tertiary sediments (Siwalik) of Arunachal Pradesh, India and its implication in Paleoecological and phytogeographical interpretations. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 107 (3 - 4): 223 - 247. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0034 - 6667 (99) 00029 - 9" type="journal article" year="1999">
Mehrotra 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88B80F94EE351ECEF" box="[996,1050,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">et al.</emphasis>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB88C17F94FE265ECEF" box="[1139,1326,1682,1708]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eolebbekianum">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88C17F94FE265ECEF" box="[1139,1326,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">A. eolebbekianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has shorter rays (up to 280 µm compared to 340 µm in our fossil) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB88B4AF90FE303ECAF" authority="Awasthi" authorityName="Awasthi" box="[814,1096,1746,1772]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pondicherriensis">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88B4AF90FE4A5ECAF" box="[814,1006,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">A. pondicherriensis</emphasis>
Awasthi
</taxonomicName>
has a higher ray density (10-15 / mm as opposed to 5-8 / mm) and more frequent vessels in groups than our fossil. The diagnoses of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB88CA9F8CFE2CAED6F" box="[1229,1409,1810,1836]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eolebbekianum">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88CA9F8CFE2CAED6F" box="[1229,1409,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">A. eolebbekianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB88B4FF8EFE4A3ED08" box="[811,1000,1841,1868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pondicherriensis">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88B4FF8EFE4A3ED08" box="[811,1000,1841,1868]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">A. pondicherriensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are remarkably similar. Our fossil resembles 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB88B4FF88FE497ED28" box="[811,988,1873,1900]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eolebbekianum">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88B4FF88FE497ED28" box="[811,988,1873,1900]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">A. eolebbekianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Miocene of 
<collectingCountry id="F3097670A208FFB88CDDF88CE3BBED28" box="[1209,1264,1873,1899]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">India</collectingCountry>
for the proportion of solitary vessels and the parenchyma arrangement, whereas it resembles more 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB88BB0F84FE3DAEDE8" box="[980,1169,1937,1964]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pondicherriensis">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88BB0F84FE3DAEDE8" box="[980,1169,1937,1964]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">A. pondicherriensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for ray and vessel size. Our specimen is 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88BD6F86FE4BEED88" box="[946,1013,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">in fine</emphasis>
attributed to 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB88CEAF86CE20DED88" box="[1166,1350,1969,1995]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eolebbekianum">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88CEAF86CE20DED88" box="[1166,1350,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">A. eolebbekianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
given the propensity of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A208FFB88BDAF80CE335EDA8" box="[958,1150,2001,2027]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="859" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pondicherrienses">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A208FFB88BDAF80CE335EDA8" box="[958,1150,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="859">A. pondicherrienses</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to form vessel groups.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA136E0A209FFB988FFFF0AE44CE98C" blockId="9.[130,777,215,975]" pageId="9" pageNumber="860">
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A209FFB988FFFF0AE7ACEAB2" box="[155,231,215,241]" pageId="9" pageNumber="860">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A209FFB988FFFF0AE7ACEAB2" box="[155,231,215,241]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="860">Albizia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are tropical or subtropical trees occurring in open secondary vegetation, in primary deciduous to monsoonal forests, and in savannas and shrublands of Asia, Africa, and America, up to 
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altitude (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A209FFB98A7EFEEAE5E3EB12" author="NIELSEN I. C." box="[538,680,311,337]" pageId="9" pageNumber="860" pagination="1" refId="ref45032" refString="NIELSEN I. C. 1992. - Mimosaceae (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae). Flora Malesiana, Series 1, Spermatophyta 11 (1). https: // repository. naturalis. nl / pub / 532645" type="journal article" year="1992">Nielsen 1992</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A209FFB98AD3FEEAE797EB32" author="SOSEF M. S. M. &amp; HONG L. T. &amp; PARWIROHATMODJO S." pageId="9" pageNumber="860" refId="ref48026" refString="SOSEF M. S. M., HONG L. T. &amp; PARWIROHATMODJO S. (eds) 1998. - Timber trees: Lesser - Known Timbers. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 859 p. (Plant resources of South-East Asia [PROSEA]; 5 [3]). https: // www. sudoc. fr / 074624253" type="book" year="1998">
Sosef 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A209FFB98A91FEE5E7D4EB32" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="860">et al.</emphasis>
1998
</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A209FFB98896FE8AE6C6EB32" box="[242,397,343,369]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="860" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lebbeck">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A209FFB98896FE8AE6C6EB32" box="[242,397,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="860">Albizia lebbeck</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a deciduous tree, probably native to tropical mainland Asia or East-Africa, mostly cultivated or naturalized. It grows in monsoonal semi-evergreen forests and monsoonal dry-deciduous forests with mean annual rainfall of 
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and very dry winter, at low elevation (
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, sometimes up to 
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). It is also found along rivers and sand beaches. It is resistant to long hot and dry periods as well as cold winters and tolerates a wide range of soils including sandy river beds, coral loam or limestone (Prakash 1975; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A209FFB9894DFDABE6FEE8D3" author="NIELSEN I. C." box="[297,437,630,656]" pageId="9" pageNumber="860" pagination="1" refId="ref45032" refString="NIELSEN I. C. 1992. - Mimosaceae (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae). Flora Malesiana, Series 1, Spermatophyta 11 (1). https: // repository. naturalis. nl / pub / 532645" type="journal article" year="1992">Nielsen 1992</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A209FFB989A6FDABE508E8D3" author="JENSEN M." box="[450,579,630,656]" pageId="9" pageNumber="860" refId="ref42794" refString="JENSEN M. 1999. - Trees Commonly Cultivated in Southeast Asia: An Illustrated Field Guide. FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok, 229 p." type="book" year="1999">Jensen 1999</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A209FFB98A34FDABE5B4E8D3" author="ORWA C. &amp; MUTUA A. &amp; KINDT R. &amp; JAMNADASS R. &amp; SIMONS A." box="[592,767,630,656]" pageId="9" pageNumber="860" refId="ref45165" refString="ORWA C., MUTUA A., KINDT R., JAMNADASS R. &amp; SIMONS A. 2009. - Agroforestree Database: a tree reference and selection guide version 4.0. World Agroforestry Centre, Kenya. Available from http: // apps. worldagroforestry. org / treedb 2 /" type="url" year="2009">
Orwa 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A209FFB98AF6FDAAE58FE8D3" box="[658,708,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="860">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A209FFB988E0FD4BE66BE8F3" author="WU Z. - Y. &amp; RAVEN P. H. &amp; HONG D. - Y." box="[132,288,662,688]" pageId="9" pageNumber="860" refId="ref49715" refString="WU Z. - Y., RAVEN P. H. &amp; HONG D. - Y. (eds) 2010. - Fabaceae. Science Press, Beijing; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, 577 p. (Flora of China; 10)." type="book" year="2010">
Wu 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A209FFB988D5FD4BE797E8F3" box="[177,220,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="860">et al</emphasis>
. 2010
</bibRefCitation>
); 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A209FFB98953FD4BE6F7E8F3" box="[311,444,662,688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="860" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferruginea">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A209FFB98953FD4BE6F7E8F3" box="[311,444,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="860">A. ferruginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only found in Africa, mainly in lowlands, semi-deciduous forests, but also in evergreen forests, rainforests, and savannas (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A209FFB989B4FD08E5CBE8B3" author="SOSEF M. S. M. &amp; HONG L. T. &amp; PARWIROHATMODJO S." box="[464,640,725,752]" pageId="9" pageNumber="860" refId="ref48026" refString="SOSEF M. S. M., HONG L. T. &amp; PARWIROHATMODJO S. (eds) 1998. - Timber trees: Lesser - Known Timbers. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, 859 p. (Plant resources of South-East Asia [PROSEA]; 5 [3]). https: // www. sudoc. fr / 074624253" type="book" year="1998">
Sosef 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A209FFB98A6AFD0BE509E8AC" box="[526,578,725,751]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="860">et al.</emphasis>
1998
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A209FFB98AEBFD0BE7F0E94C" author="ORWA C. &amp; MUTUA A. &amp; KINDT R. &amp; JAMNADASS R. &amp; SIMONS A." pageId="9" pageNumber="860" refId="ref45165" refString="ORWA C., MUTUA A., KINDT R., JAMNADASS R. &amp; SIMONS A. 2009. - Agroforestree Database: a tree reference and selection guide version 4.0. World Agroforestry Centre, Kenya. Available from http: // apps. worldagroforestry. org / treedb 2 /" type="url" year="2009">
Orwa 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A209FFB98AB0FD0BE44CE8AC" box="[724,775,725,751]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="860">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D63A209FFB988B5FD28E621E94C" box="[209,362,757,783]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="860" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="procera">
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A209FFB988B5FD28E621E94C" box="[209,362,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="860">Albizia procera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found across all Southeast Asia and is tolerant to a wide range of climates; it is mostly found in open secondary forests and in areas with a pronounced dry season, as well as in grasslands, savannas, monsoon forests or swamp forests and rainforests up to 
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altitude (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A209FFB98A15FCA8E5B4E9CC" author="NIELSEN I. C." box="[625,767,885,911]" pageId="9" pageNumber="860" refId="ref45069" refString="NIELSEN I. C. 1981. - Legumineuses - MimosoIdees. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 159 p. (Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam; 19). https: // www. sudoc. fr / 000421316" type="book" year="1981">Nielsen 1981</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A209FFB988E0FC48E7F6E9EC" author="NIELSEN I. C." box="[132,189,917,943]" pageId="9" pageNumber="860" pagination="1" refId="ref45032" refString="NIELSEN I. C. 1992. - Mimosaceae (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae). Flora Malesiana, Series 1, Spermatophyta 11 (1). https: // repository. naturalis. nl / pub / 532645" type="journal article" year="1992">1992</bibRefCitation>
) in areas with more than 
<quantity id="4CE69B05A209FFB989BDFC48E50EE9EC" box="[473,581,917,944]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="860" unit="mm" value="2500.0">2500 mm</quantity>
of annual rainfall and mean annual temperature of 21-32°C (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F4B11A209FFB98A2CFC68E5BCE98C" author="ORWA C. &amp; MUTUA A. &amp; KINDT R. &amp; JAMNADASS R. &amp; SIMONS A." box="[584,759,949,975]" pageId="9" pageNumber="860" refId="ref45165" refString="ORWA C., MUTUA A., KINDT R., JAMNADASS R. &amp; SIMONS A. 2009. - Agroforestree Database: a tree reference and selection guide version 4.0. World Agroforestry Centre, Kenya. Available from http: // apps. worldagroforestry. org / treedb 2 /" type="url" year="2009">
Orwa 
<emphasis id="B96AEAF2A209FFB98AEEFC68E5F0E98C" box="[650,699,949,975]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="860">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>