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<document id="50334C8C7C3B30C68D2C20C9495CD728" ID-CLB-Dataset="29261" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4496.1.23" ID-GBIF-Dataset="eb3a7406-3dae-4b7b-85cc-d53a1ec73b04" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1446811" ID-ZooBank="C4D379ED-9406-4C80-94B5-80790982F98F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1538747286652" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zhao, Qi, Yao, Xuanzhu, Lan, Yaqiong, Xu, Junxian &amp; Qiu, Jiangping" docDate="2018" docId="039B220BFFD15359FF1AFC0EFAA1B77A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4496.1.23.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4496 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Amynthas accessorius Zhao &amp; Yao &amp; Lan &amp; Xu &amp; Qiu 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="282" masterDocId="FFA25A73FFD3535AFF8DFFA1FFD6B36A" masterDocTitle="New earthworm species of the genus Amynthas from Hainan Island, China (Megascolecidae, Clitellata)" masterLastPageNumber="286" masterPageNumber="279" pageNumber="281" updateTime="1698566704803" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="492D0B874DCB4CB9498DA6449CB3B03E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="E6D8204B06607BBAD207FD5E86B203DB">New earthworm species of the genus Amynthas from Hainan Island, China (Megascolecidae, Clitellata)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D6D38428241C185FC51614EA88AD88BA">Zhao, Qi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5867DF7475791F5F523A2EB42597721A">Yao, Xuanzhu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1570738CC449EDE6232158BD2D1C9865">Lan, Yaqiong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D741637FEF82CE925435FB8D74C2AFDB">Xu, Junxian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="408E18AB503093E7A32AA6F05284D81F">Qiu, Jiangping</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C458A063237753BFAA8767C16C695CCA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="AEE669B98BD2A13B912EF4F82F436A6E">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="59D48290798AC3B9AA3026A25D2226FF">2018-10-05</mods:number>
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<treatment id="039B220BFFD15359FF1AFC0EFAA1B77A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5960187" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148639867" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5960187" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B220BFFD15359FF1AFC0EFAA1B77A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B220BFFD15359FF1AFC0EFAA1B77A" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="282" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
<subSubSection id="C328C096FFD15358FF1AFC0EFED1B081" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFD15358FF1AFC0EFD7BB0A0" blockId="2.[151,685,943,1003]" box="[151,685,943,970]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
<heading id="D0C52471FFD15358FF1AFC0EFD7BB0A0" bold="true" box="[151,685,943,970]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD15358FF1AFC0EFD7BB0A0" bold="true" box="[151,685,943,970]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFD15358FF1AFC0EFD95B0A0" authority="Qiu &amp; Zhao" authorityName="Zhao &amp; Yao &amp; Lan &amp; Xu &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,579,943,970]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="accessorius" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD15358FF1AFC0EFE74B0A3" bold="true" box="[151,418,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Amynthas accessorius</emphasis>
Qiu &amp; Zhao
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A275F274FFD15358FDDDFC11FD7BB0A0" box="[592,685,944,970]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFD15358FF1AFC73FED1B081" blockId="2.[151,685,943,1003]" box="[151,263,978,1003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
(
<figureCitation id="13098F98FFD15358FF13FC73FF29B081" box="[158,255,978,1003]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[191,1425,1114,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[153,1438,1100,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amynthas accessorius sp. nov. A. Ventral body surface with spermathecal pores. B. Ventral body surface with male pores. C,D. Spermathecae. E,F. Prostates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446815/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Figure 2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C328C096FFD15358FF1AFBBBFD32B7A9" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFD15358FF1AFBBBFA5CB711" blockId="2.[151,1437,1050,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
<materialsCitation id="3B5A9940FFD15358FF1AFBBBFE2DB711" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914265374" collectingDate="4 June" collectorName="J. P. Qiu &amp; Zhao &amp; Jiang &amp; Zhang &amp; Dong &amp; Chen" country="China" county="One" elevation="30" latitude="19.695555" location="Longmen Mountain" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="110.73499" municipality="Longmen Town" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Hainan Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD15358FF1AFBBBFE13B759" bold="true" box="[151,453,1050,1075]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
<typeStatus id="54892DBFFFD15358FF1AFBBBFF04B759" box="[151,210,1050,1075]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Type</typeStatus>
material.
<typeStatus id="54892DBFFFD15358FEDCFBBBFE16B759" box="[337,448,1050,1075]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingCounty id="62ECEB91FFD15358FE42FBBAFE2BB759" box="[463,509,1051,1075]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">One</collectingCounty>
clitellate specimen (HN201515-01A),
<collectingCountry id="F325D38DFFD15358FC33FBBBFBD2B759" box="[958,1028,1050,1075]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F65DFFFFD15358FB9FFBBBFB05B759" box="[1042,1235,1050,1075]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Hainan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE90967FFD15358FB6CFBBAFA4EB758" box="[1249,1432,1051,1075]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Longmen Town</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EEDC5C6FFD15358FF1AFB9EFEA0B73D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B220BFFD15359FF1AFC0EFAA1B77A:8EEDC5C6FFD15358FF1AFB9EFEA0B73D" box="[151,374,1086,1111]" country="China" county="One" latitude="19.695555" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="110.73499" municipality="Longmen Town" name="Longmen Mountain" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" stateProvince="Hainan Province">Longmen Mountain</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE06F5DAFFD15358FE0BFB9EFDDBB73D" box="[390,525,1087,1111]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" precision="15" value="19.695555">19°41'44&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE06F5DAFFD15358FD95FB9FFD7CB73D" box="[536,682,1086,1111]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" precision="15" value="110.73499">110°44'06&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
),
<elevation id="001F742EFFD15358FD30FB9EFCE5B73D" box="[701,819,1086,1111]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" unit="m" value="30.0">
<quantity id="4CCA3EF8FFD15358FD30FB9EFD20B73C" box="[701,758,1087,1111]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
, soil, coll.
<collectorName id="26C7F6CBFFD15358FC23FB9EFBD1B73D" box="[942,1031,1086,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">J.P. Qiu</collectorName>
, Q.
<collectorName id="26C7F6CBFFD15358FBB9FB9FFBA6B73D" box="[1076,1136,1086,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Zhao</collectorName>
, J.B.
<collectorName id="26C7F6CBFFD15358FB22FB9FFB3BB73D" box="[1199,1261,1086,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Jiang</collectorName>
, L.L.
<collectorName id="26C7F6CBFFD15358FAA2FB9FFAAFB73D" box="[1327,1401,1086,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Zhang</collectorName>
, Y.
<collectorName id="26C7F6CBFFD15358FF1AFBC2FF0EB711" box="[151,216,1123,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Dong</collectorName>
, M.S.
<collectorName id="26C7F6CBFFD15358FEADFBC3FE88B711" box="[288,350,1122,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Chen</collectorName>
,
<collectingDate id="EFC84C35FFD15358FEE7FBC2FE62B710" box="[362,436,1123,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
<date id="FF8CB5DDFFD15358FEE7FBC2FE62B710" box="[362,436,1123,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">4 June</date>
</collectingDate>
, 2015
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B5A9940FFD15358FD8BFBC3FA50B711" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914265380" box="[518,1414,1122,1147]" collectingDate="4 June" collectorName="J. P. Qiu &amp; Zhao &amp; Jiang &amp; Zhang &amp; Dong &amp; Chen" country="China" county="One" elevation="30" latitude="19.695555" location="Longmen Mountain" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="110.73499" municipality="Longmen Town" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Hainan Province" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD15358FD8BFBC3FDACB711" bold="true" box="[518,634,1122,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
<typeStatus id="54892DBFFFD15358FD8BFBC3FDA3B711" box="[518,629,1122,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
One clitellate specimen (HN201515-01B), same data as for
<typeStatus id="54892DBFFFD15358FAADFBC3FA50B711" box="[1312,1414,1122,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFD15358FF4AFB27FD32B7A9" blockId="2.[151,1437,1050,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
<materialsCitation id="3B5A9940FFD15358FF4AFB27FD32B7A9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914265373" country="China" location="Longmen Mountain" municipality="Longmen Town" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hainan province">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD15358FF4AFB27FE1DB7F5" bold="true" box="[199,459,1158,1183]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Locality and habitat.</emphasis>
The specimens were collected in yellow soil under a rubber plantation,
<location id="8EEDC5C6FFD15358FABCFB26FED1B7A9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B220BFFD15359FF1AFC0EFAA1B77A:8EEDC5C6FFD15358FABCFB26FED1B7A9" country="China" municipality="Longmen Town" name="Longmen Mountain" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" stateProvince="Hainan province">Longmen Mountain</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE90967FFD15358FE9FFB0AFE10B7A8" box="[274,454,1195,1219]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Longmen Town</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F65DFFFFD15358FE5CFB0BFD58B7A9" box="[465,654,1194,1219]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Hainan province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F325D38DFFD15358FD14FB0BFD36B7A9" box="[665,736,1194,1219]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">China</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C328C096FFD15358FF4AFB6FFF2DB661" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFD15358FF4AFB6FFF2DB661" blockId="2.[151,1437,1050,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD15358FF4AFB6FFE98B78D" bold="true" box="[199,334,1230,1255]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Etymology.</emphasis>
This species is named for its accessory glands. &quot;Accessorius&quot; is medieval Latin and means &quot;helper&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C328C096FFD15358FF4AFAB7FF00B6F1" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFD15358FF4AFAB7FF00B6F1" blockId="2.[151,1437,1050,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD15358FF4AFAB7FE97B645" bold="true" box="[199,321,1302,1327]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Three pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/67/8, eye-like, about 0.33 circumferences ventrally apart. Male pores each on a round pulvinate protuberance in XVIII, about 0.33 body circumferences apart, paired ovoid genital papillae present above and below the setae circle in the inner side of the pore, surrounded by several skin folds.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C328C096FFD15359FF4AFA07FC95B277" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="282" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFD15358FF4AFA07FD26B5B5" blockId="2.[151,1437,1050,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD15358FF4AFA07FE8FB6D5" bold="true" box="[199,345,1446,1471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Description.</emphasis>
Preserved specimens without pigment. No secondary annulation, dorsal line conspicuous. Dimensions 78 and
<quantity id="4CCA3EF8FFD15358FE0FFA6AFE03B688" box="[386,469,1483,1507]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 mm</quantity>
by 2.7 and 3.0 mm at clitellum, segments 140 and 148; body cylindrical in cross section. Prostomium 1/2 epilobous. Setae numbering 44 and
<date id="FF8CB5DDFFD15358FCB2FA4EFC56B56C" box="[831,896,1519,1543]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" value="1948-03">48/III</date>
, 50 and
<date id="FF8CB5DDFFD15358FC53FA4FFBC3B56D" box="[990,1045,1518,1543]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" value="1968-05">68/V</date>
, 66 and
<date id="FF8CB5DDFFD15358FBFFFA4FFB1FB56D" box="[1138,1225,1518,1543]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" value="1976-08">76/VIII</date>
, 42 and 44/XX, 60 and 66/XXV; 8 between male pores; 24 and 26 (VII), 22 and 26 (VIII) between spermathecal pores. Setal formula AA=1.01.1 AB, ZZ=1.01.1 ZY. Clitellum annular XIVXVI, whitish, smooth, setae visible. First dorsal pore 12/ 13. Three pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/67/8, ventral, eye-like, about 0.33 body circumferences apart (
<figureCitation id="13098F98FFD15358FABBF9FBFA59B519" box="[1334,1423,1626,1651]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[191,1425,1114,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[153,1438,1100,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amynthas accessorius sp. nov. A. Ventral body surface with spermathecal pores. B. Ventral body surface with male pores. C,D. Spermathecae. E,F. Prostates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446815/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). Male pores each on a round pulvinate protuberance in XVIII, about 0.33 body circumferences apart, paired ovoid genital papillae present pre- and post- setae in the inner side of the pore, both male pores and genital papillae are surrounded by several skin folds separately (
<figureCitation id="13098F98FFD15358FD06F967FD34B5B5" box="[651,738,1734,1759]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[191,1425,1114,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[153,1438,1100,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amynthas accessorius sp. nov. A. Ventral body surface with spermathecal pores. B. Ventral body surface with male pores. C,D. Spermathecae. E,F. Prostates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446815/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFD15359FF4AF94AFC95B277" blockId="2.[151,1437,1050,2011]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,1040]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="282" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
Septa 8/9, 9/10 absent, before 8/9 thick and muscular,
<date id="FF8CB5DDFFD15358FCD0F94AFC3FB469" box="[861,1001,1771,1795]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" value="2014-10-11" valueMax="2014-10-13" valueMin="2014-10-11">10/1113/14</date>
thick. Esophageal hearts in XXIII. Gizzard in IXX, barrel-shaped. Intestine distinctly enlarged from XIII. Intestinal caeca simple, originating in XXVII, extending anteriorly to XXIII. Spermathecae paired in VIVIII; the first pair is smaller than the other two pairs. All ampullae ovoid, spermathecal duct slender, twice as long as ampulla. Diverticula differing: The seminal chamber could not been found in the first pair; the second diverticulum as long as 0.75 of main pouch, terminal half enlarged as irregular ovoid seminal chamber (
<figureCitation id="13098F98FFD15358FD3DF83FFCDAB4DD" box="[688,780,1950,1975]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[191,1425,1114,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[153,1438,1100,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amynthas accessorius sp. nov. A. Ventral body surface with spermathecal pores. B. Ventral body surface with male pores. C,D. Spermathecae. E,F. Prostates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446815/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
); the terminal half of the third diverticulum enlarged as zigzag seminal chamber (
<figureCitation id="13098F98FFD15358FE34F863FDC0B4B1" box="[441,534,1986,2011]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[191,1425,1114,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[153,1438,1100,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amynthas accessorius sp. nov. A. Ventral body surface with spermathecal pores. B. Ventral body surface with male pores. C,D. Spermathecae. E,F. Prostates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446815/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). Male sexual system holandric, testis sacs invisible; seminal vesicles paired in XIXII, the first pair invisible, the second pair invisible in right, degenerate in left. Prostates degenerated completely, only S-(
<typeStatus id="54892DBFFFD05359FE09FF1DFE3CB3BF" box="[388,490,188,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) or U-(
<typeStatus id="54892DBFFFD05359FDC4FF1DFD7BB3BE" box="[585,685,188,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
) shaped prostatic duct in XVIII (
<figureCitation id="13098F98FFD05359FBCAFF1DFB73B3BE" box="[1095,1189,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[191,1425,1114,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[153,1438,1100,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amynthas accessorius sp. nov. A. Ventral body surface with spermathecal pores. B. Ventral body surface with male pores. C,D. Spermathecae. E,F. Prostates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446815/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
). Two large massive accessory glands present in XVII and XIX on the right side, closely attached to the body wall (
<figureCitation id="13098F98FFD05359FB49FF7EFACCB392" box="[1220,1306,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[191,1425,1114,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[153,1438,1100,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amynthas accessorius sp. nov. A. Ventral body surface with spermathecal pores. B. Ventral body surface with male pores. C,D. Spermathecae. E,F. Prostates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446815/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
); accessory glands lacking on the left side in both
<typeStatus id="54892DBFFFD05359FDCEFEA5FD73B277" box="[579,677,260,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="54892DBFFFD05359FD56FEA4FCE9B277" box="[731,831,261,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C328C096FFD05359FF4AFE86FAA1B77A" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8D931DFFD05359FF4AFE86FAA1B77A" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FF4AFE86FEEDB22A" bold="true" box="[199,315,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">Remarks.</emphasis>
The testis sacs and seminal vesicles are almost invisible in
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFD05359FB81FE89FADCB255" authority="Zhao &amp; Yao &amp; Lan &amp; Xu &amp; Qiu, 2018" authorityName="Zhao &amp; Yao &amp; Lan &amp; Xu &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2018" box="[1036,1290,296,320]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="accessorius" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FB81FE89FADCB255" box="[1036,1290,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">Amynthas accessorius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A275F274FFD05359FA98FE86FAA2B22A" box="[1301,1396,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FA98FE86FAA2B22A" bold="true" box="[1301,1396,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
Its prostates are completely degenerate, only the prostatic duct is left. Therefore,
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFD05359FBA1FEEDFB05B20E" authority="Zhao &amp; Yao &amp; Lan &amp; Xu &amp; Qiu, 2018" authorityName="Zhao &amp; Yao &amp; Lan &amp; Xu &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2018" box="[1068,1235,332,356]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="accessorius" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FBA1FEEDFB05B20E" box="[1068,1235,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">A. accessorius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A275F274FFD05359FB50FEEDFAEDB20F" box="[1245,1339,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FB50FEEDFAEDB20F" bold="true" box="[1245,1339,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
may be considered as a parthenogenetic species. The new species belongs to the
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFD05359FC7DFED1FBB8B2E2" baseAuthorityName="Rosa" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[1008,1134,368,392]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hawayanus">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FC7DFED1FBB8B2E2" box="[1008,1134,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">hawayanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group with three pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/67/8 (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFD05359FE79FE35FD09B2C6" box="[500,735,404,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" refId="ref5787" refString="Sims, R. &amp; Easton, E. (1972) A numerical revision of the earthworm genus Pheretima auct. (Megascolecidae: Oligochaeta) with the recognition of new genera and an appendix on the earthworms collected by the Royal Society North Borneo Expedition. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 4 (3), 169 - 268. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.1972. tb 00694. x" type="journal article">Sims &amp; Easton 1972</bibRefCitation>
). After comparing the new species with all other species in this group (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFD05359FF65FE16FE5AB2BA" box="[232,396,439,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" refId="ref4068" refString="Beddard, F. E. (1892) On some species of the genus Perichaeta (sensu stricto). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 60 (1), 153 - 172." type="journal article">Beddard 1892</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFD05359FE15FE16FDC1B2BA" box="[408,535,439,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" refId="ref4212" refString="Chen, Y. (1933) A preliminary survey of earthworm of the Yangtze valley. Contributions from Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoological Series, 9, 178 - 296." type="journal article">Chen 1933</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFD05359FDAEFE16FD88B2BA" box="[547,606,439,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" refId="ref4249" refString="Chen, Y. (1936) On the terrestrial Oligochaeta from Szechuan, II: with the notes on Gates' types. Contributions from Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China, Zoological Series, 11 (8), 269 - 306." type="journal article">1936</bibRefCitation>
,
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,
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;
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;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFD05359FC5AFE16FBACB2BA" box="[983,1146,439,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" refId="ref4434" refString="Cognetti de M., L. (1909) Diagnosi preliminari di due nuove Pheretima e di due nuove Eudrilini. Bollettino del Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della R. Universita di Torino, 24 (604), 1 - 3." type="journal article">Cognetti 1909</bibRefCitation>
;
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,
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,
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,
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,
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;
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,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFD05359FD84FE7DFD92B29E" box="[521,580,476,500]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" refId="ref4752" refString="Goto, S. &amp; Hatai, S. (1899) New or imperfectly known species of earthworms. No. 2. Annotations Zoologicae Japanenses, 3, 13 - 24." type="journal article">1899</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFD05359FDDDFE7DFD19B29E" box="[592,719,476,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" refId="ref4786" refString="Hatai, S. (1930) Note on Pheretima agrestis (Goto &amp; Haitai), together with the description of four new species of the genus Pheretima. Science Reports of the Tohoku University, 5, 651 - 667." type="journal article">Hatai 1930</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFD05359FD57FE7DFCAEB29F" box="[730,888,476,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" refId="ref4931" refString="Kinberg, J. G. H. (1867) Annulata nova. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 23, 97 - 103." type="journal article">Kinberg 1867</bibRefCitation>
;
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,
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;
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,
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,
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,
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;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFD05359FEE4FDA1FE34B172" box="[361,482,512,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" refId="ref5654" refString="Rosa, D. (1891) Die exotischen Terricolen des k. k. naturhistorischen Hofmuseums. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 6, 379 - 406." type="journal article">Rosa 1891</bibRefCitation>
,
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;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFD05359FDB9FE5EFD73B172" box="[564,677,511,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" refId="ref5977" refString="Ude, H. (1925) Regenwurmer von Borneo. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 63, 103 - 109." type="journal article">Ude 1925</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFD05359FD3DFE5EFCBDB172" box="[688,875,511,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" refId="ref5997" refString="Zhao, Q., Sun, J. &amp; Qiu, J. P. (2009) Three new species of Amynthas hawayanus - group (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Hainan Island, China. Journal of Natural History, 43, 1027 - 1041. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930902767433" type="journal article">
Zhao
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FD7CFDA0FCF7B172" box="[753,801,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
), we found that the present species is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFD05359FF39FD85FD8BB156" authority="(Zhao et al. 2009)" authorityName="Zhao et al." authorityYear="2009" box="[180,605,548,573]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bouchei">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FF39FD85FE52B156" box="[180,388,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">Amynthas bouchei</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA3EEECFFD05359FE1EFD85FD83B156" box="[403,597,548,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" refId="ref5997" refString="Zhao, Q., Sun, J. &amp; Qiu, J. P. (2009) Three new species of Amynthas hawayanus - group (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Hainan Island, China. Journal of Natural History, 43, 1027 - 1041. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930902767433" type="journal article">
Zhao
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FE5AFD84FDDEB156" box="[471,520,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. They share the following characters: similar characteristics of male pore region, first dorsal pore in 12/13, septa
<date id="FF8CB5DDFFD05359FDD7FDE9FD68B10A" box="[602,702,584,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" value="2010-08-09" valueMax="2010-08-09" valueMin="2010-08-09">8/99/10</date>
absent, intestinal caeca simple. However, there are also obvious differences between these two species. Individuals of
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFD05359FD71FDCDFC49B1EE" authority="Zhao &amp; Yao &amp; Lan &amp; Xu &amp; Qiu, 2018" authorityName="Zhao &amp; Yao &amp; Lan &amp; Xu &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2018" box="[764,927,620,644]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="accessorius" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FD71FDCDFC49B1EE" box="[764,927,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">A. accessorius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A275F274FFD05359FC25FDCDFBD5B1EF" box="[936,1027,620,645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FC25FDCDFBD5B1EF" bold="true" box="[936,1027,620,645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
are small, with a body length of 78 and
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, while individuals of
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFD05359FD85FD31FD56B1C2" box="[520,640,656,680]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bouchei">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FD85FD31FD56B1C2" box="[520,640,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">A. bouchei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are larger,
<quantity id="4CCA3EF8FFD05359FD70FD2EFC47B1CD" box="[765,913,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.555" metricValueMax="2.86" metricValueMin="2.25" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="255.5" valueMax="286.0" valueMin="225.0">225286 mm</quantity>
long. The diverticulum of
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFD05359FB30FD31FAE3B1C2" box="[1213,1333,656,680]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bouchei">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FB30FD31FAE3B1C2" box="[1213,1333,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">A. bouchei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is longer than the main pouch, and the ental half is dilated and enlarged as seminal chamber. However, in the new species, the diverticulum, although variable, is never longer than the main pouch. The first pair is smaller than the other two pairs. The ampullae are all of same shape, ovoid, and with a slender spermathecal duct twice as long as the ampulla. However, the diverticula differ: In the first pair, the seminal chamber could not been found; in the the second pair, the diverticulum is 3/4 as long as the main pouch, and the terminal half is enlarged as an irregularly ovoid seminal chamber (
<figureCitation id="13098F98FFD05359FE3FFCC6FDDAB0EA" box="[434,524,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[191,1425,1114,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[153,1438,1100,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amynthas accessorius sp. nov. A. Ventral body surface with spermathecal pores. B. Ventral body surface with male pores. C,D. Spermathecae. E,F. Prostates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446815/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
); in the third pair, the terminal half of the diverticulum is enlarged as a zigzagshaped seminal chamber (
<figureCitation id="13098F98FFD05359FE33FC2DFDCCB0CE" box="[446,538,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[191,1425,1114,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[153,1438,1100,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Amynthas accessorius sp. nov. A. Ventral body surface with spermathecal pores. B. Ventral body surface with male pores. C,D. Spermathecae. E,F. Prostates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1446815/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). Although the prostates of these two species are not developed, the prostate is small in
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFD05359FF72FC11FEACB0A2" box="[255,378,944,968]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bouchei">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FF72FC11FEACB0A2" box="[255,378,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">A. bouchei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while only the prostatic duct is left in the new species. There are accessory glands in
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFD05359FA09FC11FECCB086" authority="Zhao &amp; Yao &amp; Lan &amp; Xu &amp; Qiu, 2018" authorityName="Zhao &amp; Yao &amp; Lan &amp; Xu &amp; Qiu" authorityYear="2018" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="accessorius" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FA09FC11FECCB086" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">A. accessorius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A275F274FFD05359FEACFC75FEAAB087" box="[289,380,980,1005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FEACFC75FEAAB087" bold="true" box="[289,380,980,1005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, but they are absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C32E89EFFD05359FD09FC75FD2AB086" box="[644,764,980,1004]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bouchei">
<emphasis id="B9464F0FFFD05359FD09FC75FD2AB086" box="[644,764,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">A. bouchei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Both testis sacs and seminal vesicles are degenerate in the new species. Considering the differences in characters, we decided to give new species status to our specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>