270 lines
32 KiB
XML
270 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="15BEBD2B0E3B2C2FDF31F92EFE8FF240" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.10621846" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10621846" ID-ZooBank="7D34FF9A-CDEE-4DD4-A643-E0F467E00A5B" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1707168858095" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Murcia, Andres David & Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J." docDate="2023" docId="C64587FFFFB9FF8EFF76A12A802CF9F2" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2023.1020.1-45.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2023 (20)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.3:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Nubilophasma Murcia and Cadena-Castaneda 2023, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="3A7CFF87FFA3FF95FFB6A75E8415FFCE" masterDocTitle="The stick insects (Insecta: Phasmatodea) from the Cloud Forest of the Chicaque Natural Park, Colombia" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1707169464828" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:mods id="E974736F705AB9F2140797E9CE0DBB25" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="221F55DF5FDD8CAAC8ACEEBFC6786BF9">
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<mods:title id="4C3556E46471B22BEACBE3AE9814D1E0">The stick insects (Insecta: Phasmatodea) from the Cloud Forest of the Chicaque Natural Park, Colombia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="3115E031E3B83512F40D0BE89AF1A531" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="BC8159C4B96380B381694FE6EACA6089">
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<mods:roleTerm id="233AAD37E54E4B0D00C5F0D34D669243">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8613B344D83FBDC6D33F91D8144AB6E5">Murcia, Andres David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A50E8CB39A2CFC63DEEAEF1FC0BC2461">Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas Grupo de Investigación en Artrópodos “ Kumangui ” Carrera 3 # 26 A - 40 Bogotá, DC, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="564A230FBF26F33D6EDD9B834F54EF48" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="5CE570CCE24D8FDC6CD37552B69AFC3A">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EC12BBD8287720D273C6818C5285A146">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9B09A0AC1E59A028F73B8487ACC453F5">Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CE8CA755206918FABF32FDE75029E238">Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas Grupo de Investigación en Artrópodos “ Kumangui ” Carrera 3 # 26 A - 40 Bogotá, DC, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A5291F1D5CCD2DE544E4254A1BA99D7F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="F60A2A155F0675B516C410ADA70A922D">
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<mods:title id="FE8162805468918F30A91C9C49EE271C">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="0A7AF83B3732B76645AE028B11CFB0B6">
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<mods:date id="4203A501E1C0B4335EC6FAF7D09614D8">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="948A195580215B2EE6886A0205F9667C" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="6AF64A076036DB92962C05DA0AEAD6F6">2023-12-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="2E0A1EB86FFB22031DFE6D2601B9612A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="2053632DD68F12A26B9C03EFDF9D9168">2023</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="E34970A446E04DFA8CBE74DEFAADC5A8" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="9F5DBF96E51E8044917A63CE258C2368">20</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="DDA50E11FC091C2B49A45385140F74C5">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="79DA20BE0808A44F4E5C1CE5ABEFF90B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A751BB18CFF35D1142A3BE59603946B3" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.10621846</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B451971DF6771FFFFB2E5B7489FD8578" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B3D240FF185B5761220C7974F7CCC5CA" type="Zenodo-Dep">10621846</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C64587FFFFB9FF8EFF76A12A802CF9F2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10621876" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10621876" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C64587FFFFB9FF8EFF76A12A802CF9F2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C64587FFFFB9FF8EFF76A12A802CF9F2" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection id="06F66562FFB9FF8FFF76A12A8788F95F" box="[192,925,1652,1682]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4E5336E9FFB9FF8FFF76A12A8788F95F" blockId="26.[192,925,1652,1682]" box="[192,925,1652,1682]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">
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<heading id="151B8185FFB9FF8FFF76A12A8788F95F" box="[192,925,1652,1682]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB9FF8FFF76A12A8788F95F" bold="true" box="[192,925,1652,1682]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB9FF8FFF76A12A8719F95C" authority="Murcia and Cadena-Castaneda" authorityName="Murcia and Cadena-Castaneda" authorityYear="2023" box="[192,780,1652,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Nubilophasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB9FF8FFF76A12A856DF95F" bold="true" box="[192,376,1652,1681]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Nubilophasma</emphasis>
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Murcia and Cadena-Castañeda
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="67AB5780FFB9FF8FFCAEA12B8788F95F" box="[792,925,1653,1681]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="06F66562FFB9FF8EFF76A1FE85A9FD8D" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph id="4E5336E9FFB9FF8EFF76A1FE85A9FD8D" blockId="26.[192,1440,1696,1927]" lastBlockId="27.[192,1441,214,579]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB9FF8FFF76A1FE8541F974" bold="true" box="[192,340,1696,1722]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Description.</emphasis>
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Body light brown with yellow stripes arranged on the legs. Tegmina with green veins, costal region of wings brown with discontinuous light green or yellow stripes, a longitudinal yellow line run along the dorsal surface of head and thorax. Head slightly longer than wide, wider towards eyes, tapering towards rear, males with ocelli and females without them, eyes prominent and spherical; antennae brown with irregularly arranged yellow bands, antennomeres club-shaped; antennae longer than the total length of the body. Pronotum rectangular with raised and rounded anterolateral angles for the defensive glands, with tiny granules along its lateral margins, and armed with four spines on the anterior half of the mesonotum, two smaller anteriorly and two more conspicuous posteriorly. Tegmina short, extending to the middle of the metanotum, strongly convex with oval margins; costal margin constricted at the base, hind wings projecting to the middle of the tergite IX. Femora slightly widened apically; probasitarsus and metabasitarsus very elongated, as long as the sum of the other tarsomeres, mesobasitarsus twice as long as the second tarsomere. Abdominal segments with posterolateral projections in both sexes. Abdominal sternite V of male longer than wide with a very prominent projection that forks distally into two spines, located on its posterior margin; sternite VII with preopercular organ small and located near posterior margin. Poculum longer than wide, strongly convex with pronounced ventral prolongation, 2.5 times longer than sternite VIII, anterior margin convex, posterior margin extending to anterior margin of the anal segment. Cerci curved, as long as tergite X with numerous setae, and round and widened distally. Subgenital plate elongate, 2.5 times longer than wide, extending near the apex of tergite X, slightly convex with oval posterior margin.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="06F66562FFB8FF8EFF76A50D80C5FDA0" box="[192,1232,595,622]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="4E5336E9FFB8FF8EFF76A50D80C5FDA0" blockId="27.[192,1232,595,622]" box="[192,1232,595,622]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFF76A50D854CFDA3" bold="true" box="[192,345,595,621]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
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<typeStatus id="9157884BFFB8FF8EFF76A50D84ECFDA3" box="[192,249,595,621]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFEE9A50D8698FDA3" authority="Murcia & Cadena-Castañeda, 2023" authorityName="Murcia & Cadena-Castañeda" authorityYear="2023" box="[351,653,595,621]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Nubilophasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chicaquensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFEE9A50D8698FDA3" box="[351,653,595,621]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Nubilophasma chicaquensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFD25A50D870EFDA3" bold="true" box="[659,795,595,621]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="67AB5780FFB8FF8EFD25A50D870EFDA3" box="[659,795,595,621]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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by original designation and monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="06F66562FFB8FF8EFF76A5238059FC61" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="4E5336E9FFB8FF8EFF76A52387BAFD15" blockId="27.[192,1440,637,731]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFF76A5238551FD59" bold="true" box="[192,324,637,663]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The name is the combination of the Latin words
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFCD9A52387A0FD59" box="[879,949,637,663]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">nubilo</emphasis>
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(referring to cloud forest habitat “From the cloud aggregations”) and the typical termination for phasmid genera
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFC0DA5C18004FD77" box="[955,1041,671,697]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">phasma</emphasis>
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. The name means “stick insect from the cloud”. The gender of the name is being established as feminine.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4E5336E9FFB8FF8EFF76A5B58059FC61" blockId="27.[192,1440,747,943]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFF76A5B5854FFCCB" bold="true" box="[192,346,747,773]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Comparison.</emphasis>
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFE5EA5B286DCFCCB" authority="Rehn, 1904" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1904" box="[488,713,747,773]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFE5EA5B2862CFCCB" box="[488,569,748,773]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Ignacia</emphasis>
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Rehn, 1904
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFD68A5B2870FFCCB" box="[734,794,748,773]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">sensu</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2A7D4B18FFB8FF8EFC90A5B587DBFCCB" author="Zompro O." box="[806,974,747,773]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" refId="ref17668" refString="Zompro O. 2004. Revision of the genera of the Areolatae, including the status of Timema and Agathemera (Insecta, Phasmatodea). Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg. Goecke & Evers; Keltern-Weiler, Germany. 327 p." type="book" year="2004">Zompro, 2004</bibRefCitation>
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), shares the club-shaped antennomeres; mesonotum with spines; femora wide apically, and abdomen with lateral expansions. In contrast, the new genus has the mesonotum distinctly longer than the pronotum. The wings do not exceed the tergite IX; tegmina do not have the prominent shoulder-shaped prolongation on the anterior border, as described by
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<bibRefCitation id="2A7D4B18FFB8FF8EFB5AA40F8189FCA5" author="Zompro O." box="[1260,1436,849,875]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" refId="ref17668" refString="Zompro O. 2004. Revision of the genera of the Areolatae, including the status of Timema and Agathemera (Insecta, Phasmatodea). Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg. Goecke & Evers; Keltern-Weiler, Germany. 327 p." type="book" year="2004">Zompro (2004)</bibRefCitation>
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, common to
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<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFEF1A42D85E6FC42" box="[327,499,882,908]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFEF1A42D858DFC42" box="[327,408,883,908]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Ignacia</emphasis>
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species.
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</taxonomicName>
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Additionally, the abdominal expansions are most conspicuous in
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<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFB7DA42C817EFC42" authority="Murcia & Cadena-Castañeda, 2023" authorityName="Murcia & Cadena-Castañeda" authorityYear="2023" box="[1227,1387,882,908]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Nubilophasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFB7DA42C817EFC42" box="[1227,1387,882,908]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Nubilophasma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFAC6A42D8511FC61" bold="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="67AB5780FFB8FF8EFAC6A42D8511FC61" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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; the base of fore-femur is almost straight and not curved as seen to
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<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFC43A4CB8053FC60" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1904" box="[1013,1094,917,942]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFC43A4CB8053FC60" box="[1013,1094,917,942]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Ignacia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="06F66562FFB8FF8EFF76A4E0802CF9F2" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="4E5336E9FFB8FF8EFF76A4E084E8FB26" blockId="27.[192,1441,958,1596]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFF76A4E0855CFC16" bold="true" box="[192,329,958,984]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Comments.</emphasis>
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The
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<typeStatus id="9157884BFFB8FF8EFEC8A4E185BAFC17" box="[382,431,959,985]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
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species of
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<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFD90A4E186EEFC17" authority="Rehn, 1904" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1904" box="[550,763,958,985]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFD90A4E18662FC16" box="[550,631,959,984]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Ignacia</emphasis>
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Rehn, 1904
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</taxonomicName>
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is
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<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFCAEA4E08058FC16" authorityName="Bolivar [Y Urrutia" authorityYear="1896" box="[792,1101,958,984]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Pseudophasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriculatum">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFCAEA4E08058FC16" box="[792,1101,958,984]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Pseudophasma auriculatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<collectingRegion id="8C28F80BFFB8FF8EFBE4A4E080B1FC16" box="[1106,1188,958,984]" country="Venezuela" name="Bolivar" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Bolívar</collectingRegion>
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[Y Urrutia] (=
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<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFAF9A4E18526FC34" baseAuthorityName="Bolivar [Y Urrutia" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriculata">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFAF9A4E18526FC34" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Ignacia auriculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), inherited from replaced name. Compared with the species currently included in
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<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFB52A4BF8120FC34" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1904" box="[1252,1333,993,1018]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFB52A4BF8120FC34" box="[1252,1333,993,1018]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Ignacia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the
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<typeStatus id="9157884BFFB8FF8EFAD9A4BF81B5FC35" box="[1391,1440,993,1019]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
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species differs markedly from the other species of the genus. The spine-shaped prolongation of the costal edge of the tegmina is remarkable for
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<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFD80A37B86D4FBF0" baseAuthorityName="Bolivar [Y Urrutia" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[566,705,1060,1086]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriculata">
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<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFD80A37B86D4FBF0" box="[566,705,1060,1086]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">I. auriculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, only comparable to
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<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFC04A37B8102FBF0" authority="(Pallas, 1772)" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1772" box="[946,1303,1060,1086]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrophica">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFC04A37B8061FBF0" box="[946,1140,1060,1086]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Ignacia atrophica</emphasis>
|
|
(Pallas, 1772)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, both Amazonian species. In addition, these two species do not have developed lobes on the lateral edges of the abdomen segments, as mentioned by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2A7D4B18FFB8FF8EFE4EA33786B2FB4C" author="Zompro O." box="[504,679,1128,1155]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" refId="ref17668" refString="Zompro O. 2004. Revision of the genera of the Areolatae, including the status of Timema and Agathemera (Insecta, Phasmatodea). Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg. Goecke & Evers; Keltern-Weiler, Germany. 327 p." type="book" year="2004">Zompro (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2A7D4B18FFB8FF8EFD69A336800DFB4C" author="Gutierrez J & Gutierrez Y & Hurtado L." box="[735,1048,1128,1155]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" pagination="265 - 272" refId="ref16696" refString="Gutierrez J, Gutierrez Y, Hurtado L. 2014.? Eres como lo que comes? Relacion entre el uso del microhabitat para el ocultamiento criptico y de la dieta en Laciniobethra spp. (Phasmatodea: Diapheromeridae). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa 55: 265 - 272." type="journal article" year="2014">Gutiérrez and Bacca (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, in the diagnosis of this genus. On the other hand,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFEC7A3D58696FB6A" authority="Piza, 1978" authorityName="Piza" authorityYear="1978" box="[369,643,1162,1188]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amapaensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFEC7A3D5861CFB6A" box="[369,521,1163,1188]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">I. amapaensis</emphasis>
|
|
Piza, 1978
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, does not have any of the diagnostic characters of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFB07A3D58117FB6A" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1904" box="[1201,1282,1163,1188]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFB07A3D58117FB6A" box="[1201,1282,1163,1188]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Ignacia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; apparently, it does not belong to that genus, its
|
|
<typeStatus id="9157884BFFB8FF8EFD81A3F3867DFB09" box="[567,616,1197,1223]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
|
|
specimen should be revised, and perhaps moved to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFB07A3F284ECFB26" authority="Kirby, 1896" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Pseudophasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFB07A3F28143FB08" box="[1201,1366,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Pseudophasma</emphasis>
|
|
Kirby, 1896
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4E5336E9FFB8FF8EFEB6A3AE8623FA5C" blockId="27.[192,1441,958,1596]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
|
|
In contrast,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFE3EA3AE863DFAC4" authority="Murcia & Cadena-Castañeda, 2023" authorityName="Murcia & Cadena-Castañeda" authorityYear="2023" box="[392,552,1264,1290]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Nubilophasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFE3EA3AE863DFAC4" box="[392,552,1264,1290]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Nubilophasma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFD99A3AE86BFFAC4" bold="true" box="[559,682,1264,1290]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="67AB5780FFB8FF8EFD99A3AE86BFFAC4" box="[559,682,1264,1290]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
can be confused with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFC1EA3AF87ECFAC4" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1904" box="[936,1017,1265,1290]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFC1EA3AF87ECFAC4" box="[936,1017,1265,1290]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Ignacia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, but the two genera can be easily distinguished with the comparison characters provided here. The confusion is caused by the diagnosis proposed by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2A7D4B18FFB8FF8EFF54A26A8585FA80" author="Zompro O." box="[226,400,1332,1358]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" refId="ref17668" refString="Zompro O. 2004. Revision of the genera of the Areolatae, including the status of Timema and Agathemera (Insecta, Phasmatodea). Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg. Goecke & Evers; Keltern-Weiler, Germany. 327 p." type="book" year="2004">Zompro (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, since he based his generic description on a specimen identified by him as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFB6FA26B8174FA80" baseAuthorityName="Bolivar [Y Urrutia" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1241,1377,1332,1358]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriculata">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFB6FA26B8174FA80" box="[1241,1377,1332,1358]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">I. auriculata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from the locality Cachabi,
|
|
<collectingCountry id="36FB7679FFB8FF8EFE1CA208861DFABE" box="[426,520,1366,1392]" name="Ecuador" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
|
(Chocó Biogeographic). Still, the
|
|
<typeStatus id="9157884BFFB8FF8EFC32A20887A1FABE" box="[900,948,1366,1392]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
|
|
locality of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFB87A20880ADFABE" baseAuthorityName="Bolivar [Y Urrutia" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1073,1208,1366,1392]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriculata">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFB87A20880ADFABE" box="[1073,1208,1366,1392]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">I. auriculata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is the Atalapo River,
|
|
<collectingCountry id="36FB7679FFB8FF8EFF76A226850BFA5C" box="[192,286,1400,1426]" name="Ecuador" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
|
or
|
|
<collectingCountry id="36FB7679FFB8FF8EFEF5A22685A0FA5C" box="[323,437,1400,1426]" name="Venezuela" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
|
(Amazon).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4E5336E9FFB8FF8EFEB6A2C7802CF9F2" blockId="27.[192,1441,958,1596]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
|
|
Therefore, the specimen studied by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2A7D4B18FFB8FF8EFD21A2C48750FA7A" author="Zompro O." box="[663,837,1434,1460]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" refId="ref17668" refString="Zompro O. 2004. Revision of the genera of the Areolatae, including the status of Timema and Agathemera (Insecta, Phasmatodea). Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg. Goecke & Evers; Keltern-Weiler, Germany. 327 p." type="book" year="2004">Zompro (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
is not a “true”
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFC42A2C48050FA7D" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1904" box="[1012,1093,1434,1459]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFC42A2C48050FA7D" box="[1012,1093,1434,1459]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Ignacia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and is most likely conspecific with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFF4FA2E28638FA18" authority="Conle et al., 2011" authorityName="Conle" authorityYear="2011" box="[249,557,1467,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFF4FA2E28571FA1B" box="[249,356,1468,1493]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">I. spinipes</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2A7D4B18FFB8FF8EFEDAA2E58638FA18" author="Conle O & Hennemann F & Gutierrez Y." box="[364,557,1467,1494]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" refId="ref16629" refString="Conle O, Hennemann F, Gutierrez Y. 2011. The stick insects of Colombia. Books on Demand GmbH; Norderstedt, Germany. 406 p." type="book" year="2011">Conle et al., 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<collectingCountry id="36FB7679FFB8FF8EFD8DA2E586BBFA1B" box="[571,686,1467,1493]" name="Colombia" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingRegion id="8C28F80BFFB8FF8EFD0FA2E58710FA1B" box="[697,773,1467,1493]" country="Colombia" name="Choco" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Chocó</collectingRegion>
|
|
) and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFCF2A2E287AFFA18" box="[836,954,1468,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFCF2A2E28780FA1B" box="[836,917,1468,1493]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Ignacia</emphasis>
|
|
sp.
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<collectingCountry id="36FB7679FFB8FF8EFC7EA2E5802EFA1B" box="[968,1083,1467,1493]" name="Colombia" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingRegion id="8C28F80BFFB8FF8EFBF0A2E5808DFA1B" box="[1094,1176,1467,1493]" country="Colombia" name="Narino" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Nariño</collectingRegion>
|
|
; identified by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2A7D4B18FFB8FF8EFA83A2E5859BFA36" author="Gutierrez J & Gutierrez Y & Hurtado L." pageId="27" pageNumber="26" pagination="265 - 272" refId="ref16696" refString="Gutierrez J, Gutierrez Y, Hurtado L. 2014.? Eres como lo que comes? Relacion entre el uso del microhabitat para el ocultamiento criptico y de la dieta en Laciniobethra spp. (Phasmatodea: Diapheromeridae). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa 55: 265 - 272." type="journal article" year="2014">Gutiérrez and Bacca (2014))</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. Apparently, only two species should be considered valid for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFB82A2808090FA39" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1904" box="[1076,1157,1502,1527]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFB82A2808090FA39" box="[1076,1157,1502,1527]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Ignacia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFB23A2808108FA39" baseAuthorityName="Bolivar [Y Urrutia" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[1173,1309,1501,1527]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auriculata">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFB23A2808108FA39" box="[1173,1309,1501,1527]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">I. auriculata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFAE2A28084EEF9D7" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1772" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrophica">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFAE2A28084EEF9D7" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">I. atrophica</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) with a distribution restricted to the Amazon. Later studies may confirm this opinion, and if so,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFA82A15E81B5F9D7" box="[1332,1440,1536,1561]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinipes">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFA82A15E81B5F9D7" box="[1332,1440,1536,1561]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">I. spinipes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
should be moved into
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFE0FA17F864CF9F5" authority="Murcia & Cadena-Castañeda, 2023" authorityName="Murcia & Cadena-Castañeda" authorityYear="2023" box="[441,601,1569,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Nubilophasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFE0FA17F864CF9F5" box="[441,601,1569,1595]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Nubilophasma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFDE9A17F86CCF9F5" bold="true" box="[607,729,1569,1595]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="67AB5780FFB8FF8EFDE9A17F86CCF9F5" box="[607,729,1569,1595]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
, a different genus from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89EC4D6AFFB8FF8EFC54A17C8026F9F5" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1904" box="[994,1075,1570,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudophasmatidae" genus="Ignacia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7C98EAFBFFB8FF8EFC54A17C8026F9F5" box="[994,1075,1570,1595]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Ignacia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |