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<document id="BFE382A30871CF45CF586BCCCCC9DFAD" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.174287" ID-GBIF-Dataset="26ac73b9-1c53-4f82-bc02-78a055ba31e9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="174287" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459794690970" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hooge, Matthew D. &amp; Rocha, Carlos E. F." docDate="2006" docId="03DE87D4E623FFB3FE8416AFFEC3FCDB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01335p050.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1335" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Haplogonaria sophiae Hooge &amp; Rocha, 2006, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="FFE7FFACE62DFFBCFF8C140EFF97FFE5" masterDocTitle="Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from the northern beaches of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, and a systematic revision of the family Otocelididae" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1698219545359" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="C5F00CCE0D238CB78D0CCAC685B1B02A">Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from the northern beaches of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, and a systematic revision of the family Otocelididae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0171A03D4C1D1692E9484FB14B810C81">Hooge, Matthew D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C9BC87EEAA14C206BFDFEAEDFB73CE25">Rocha, Carlos E. F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="AD6D8F6B8A49134ED92A0E00D0D77693">2006</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03DE87D4E623FFB3FE8416AFFEC3FCDB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6263425" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119350888" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6263425" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE87D4E623FFB3FE8416AFFEC3FCDB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87D4E623FFB3FE8416AFFEC3FCDB" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<subSubSection id="C36D6549E623FFB2FE8416AFFE1EFD3B" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC836C2E623FFB2FE8416AFFDEDFD5E" blockId="14.[264,634,673,734]" box="[264,634,673,699]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="D08081AEE623FFB2FE8416AFFDEDFD5E" bold="true" box="[264,634,673,699]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B903EAD0E623FFB2FE8416AFFDEDFD5E" bold="true" box="[264,634,673,699]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="4C774D41E623FFB2FE8416AFFD81FD5E" box="[264,534,673,699]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="sophiae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B903EAD0E623FFB2FE8416AFFD81FD5E" bold="true" box="[264,534,673,699]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Haplogonaria sophiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057ABE623FFB2FD9016AFFDEDFD5E" box="[540,634,673,699]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836C2E623FFB2FE8416CAFE1EFD3B" blockId="14.[264,634,673,734]" box="[264,393,708,734]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
(
<figureCitation id="134C2A47E623FFB2FE9D16CAFE17FD3B" box="[273,384,708,734]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 8" captionStart-1="FIGURE 9" captionStartId-0="15.[264,367,1805,1829]" captionStartId-1="16.[264,367,1436,1460]" captionTargetBox-0="[299,1292,878,1776]" captionTargetBox-1="[434,1149,316,1413]" captionTargetId-0="figure@15.[299,1293,878,1777]" captionTargetId-1="figure@16.[434,1150,316,1414]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionText-0="FIGURE 8. Haplogonaria sophiae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of a living specimen. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed specimen. B. Dorsal view of posterior end of specimen. C. Portion of anterior end, showing rhabdoid glands." captionText-1="FIGURE 9. Haplogonaria sophiae sp. nov.; A. Sagittal histological section of holotype. B, C. Projections of whole-mount stained with Alexa- 488 - labeled phalloidin and viewed with confocal microscopy. B. Ventral view of body-wall musculature. C. Dorsal projection through lumen of seminal vesicle." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/174295/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/174296/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 89</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D6549E623FFB2FE84171AFD7CFBA3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC836C2E623FFB2FE84171AFE26FC43" blockId="14.[264,1323,788,1894]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B903EAD0E623FFB2FE84171AFE21FCCB" bold="true" box="[264,438,788,814]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<typeStatus id="54CC8860E623FFB2FE84171AFED4FCCB" box="[264,323,788,814]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
material
</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="54CC8860E623FFB2FE44171AFDAEFCCB" box="[456,569,788,814]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectionCode id="ED66AE07E623FFB2FDC9171AFD30FCCB" box="[581,679,788,814]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MZUSP</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED66AE07E623FFB2FD23171AFD42FCCB" box="[687,725,788,814]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">PL</collectionCode>
. 183, one set of 2-µm-thick serial sagittal sections of epoxy-embedded specimen stained with toluidine blue.
<typeStatus id="54CC8860E623FFB2FC391732FB88FCB3" box="[949,1055,828,854]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
.
<collectionCode id="ED66AE07E623FFB2FBA71732FB1AFCB3" box="[1067,1165,828,854]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MZUSP</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED66AE07E623FFB2FB181732FB2DFCB3" box="[1172,1210,828,854]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">PL</collectionCode>
. 184, one set of 2-µm-thick serial sagittal sections of epoxy-embedded specimens stained with toluidine blue.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836C2E623FFB2FEB417BAFBADFC13" blockId="14.[264,1323,788,1894]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B903EAD0E623FFB2FEB417BAFE40FC2B" bold="true" box="[312,471,948,974]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<typeStatus id="54CC8860E623FFB2FEB417BAFEE2FC2B" box="[312,373,948,974]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
. Itaçucê Island, São Sebastião Channel, São Paulo,
<collectingCountry id="F3607652E623FFB2FBCA17BAFB07FC2B" box="[1094,1168,948,974]" name="Brazil" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, from coarse shelly sand with silt taken from
<quantity id="4C8F9B27E623FFB2FDF317D2FD3AFC13" box="[639,685,988,1014]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
water depth (
<geoCoordinate id="EE435005E623FFB2FCC217D2FC26FC13" box="[846,945,988,1014]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="925" value="-23.816668">23°49S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE435005E623FFB2FC3117D2FBBAFC13" box="[957,1069,988,1014]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="925" value="-45.333332">45°20W</geoCoordinate>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836C2E623FFB2FEB4100AFD7CFBA3" blockId="14.[264,1323,788,1894]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B903EAD0E623FFB2FEB4100AFDEFFBFB" bold="true" box="[312,632,1028,1054]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Other material examined</emphasis>
. Living specimens in squeeze preparations; whole mount for fluorescence imaging of musculature.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D6549E623FFB2FEB4105AFA95FB8B" box="[312,1282,1108,1134]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BC836C2E623FFB2FEB4105AFA95FB8B" blockId="14.[264,1323,788,1894]" box="[312,1282,1108,1134]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B903EAD0E623FFB2FEB4105AFE2AFB8B" bold="true" box="[312,445,1108,1134]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Etymology</emphasis>
. Species name in honor of Ms. Sophie Suhr of Portland, Oregon,
<collectingCountry id="F3607652E623FFB2FB4C105AFB69FB8B" box="[1216,1278,1108,1134]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USA</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D6549E623FFB3FEB41072FEBBFE4B" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC836C2E623FFB2FEB41072FD7CFA4B" blockId="14.[264,1323,788,1894]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B903EAD0E623FFB2FEB41072FE5EFB73" bold="true" box="[312,457,1148,1174]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Description</emphasis>
. Living specimens 450650 µm long and 150 µm wide (
<figureCitation id="134C2A47E623FFB2FB3B1072FA93FB73" box="[1207,1284,1148,1174]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[264,367,1805,1829]" captionTargetBox="[299,1292,878,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[299,1293,878,1777]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Haplogonaria sophiae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of a living specimen. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed specimen. B. Dorsal view of posterior end of specimen. C. Portion of anterior end, showing rhabdoid glands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174295/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A). Anterior and posterior ends rounded; posterior end more narrow. Body colorless by transmitted light. Digestive syncytium often with red and green contents, including conspicuous pennate diatoms (
<figureCitation id="134C2A47E623FFB2FDF810FAFD50FAEB" box="[628,711,1268,1294]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[264,367,1805,1829]" captionTargetBox="[299,1292,878,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[299,1293,878,1777]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Haplogonaria sophiae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of a living specimen. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed specimen. B. Dorsal view of posterior end of specimen. C. Portion of anterior end, showing rhabdoid glands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174295/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
B, 9A). Epidermis completely ciliated. Many large, scattered rhabdoid glands present (
<figureCitation id="134C2A47E623FFB2FD2C1112FD72FAD3" box="[672,741,1308,1334]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[264,367,1805,1829]" captionTargetBox="[299,1292,878,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[299,1293,878,1777]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Haplogonaria sophiae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of a living specimen. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed specimen. B. Dorsal view of posterior end of specimen. C. Portion of anterior end, showing rhabdoid glands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174295/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
C, 9A). Frontal organ well developed; cell bodies of frontal glands positioned ~100 µm behind frontal pore (
<figureCitation id="134C2A47E623FFB2FC5E114AFB8CFABB" box="[978,1051,1348,1374]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[264,367,1436,1460]" captionTargetBox="[434,1149,316,1413]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[434,1150,316,1414]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Haplogonaria sophiae sp. nov.; A. Sagittal histological section of holotype. B, C. Projections of whole-mount stained with Alexa- 488 - labeled phalloidin and viewed with confocal microscopy. B. Ventral view of body-wall musculature. C. Dorsal projection through lumen of seminal vesicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174296/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
A). Mouth opening on ventral surface, middle of body. Digestive central syncytium extends from posterior end of frontal glands to level of seminal vesicle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836C2E623FFB2FEB411B2FE5AF923" blockId="14.[264,1323,788,1894]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Musculature with circular muscles that encircle the body along entire length of animal; straight longitudinal muscles present between frontal organ and anterior edge of mouth; longitudinal-cross-over muscles (fibers with a longitudinal orientation anteriorly, but bend medially to cross diagonally) present in both dorsal and ventral body wall; longitudinal muscles in anterior half of body that wrap around posterior rim of mouth (U-shaped muscles) present in ventral body wall; ventral diagonal muscles in anterior half of body absent (
<figureCitation id="134C2A47E623FFB2FEEF12A2FE3DF923" box="[355,426,1708,1734]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[264,367,1436,1460]" captionTargetBox="[434,1149,316,1413]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[434,1150,316,1414]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Haplogonaria sophiae sp. nov.; A. Sagittal histological section of holotype. B, C. Projections of whole-mount stained with Alexa- 488 - labeled phalloidin and viewed with confocal microscopy. B. Ventral view of body-wall musculature. C. Dorsal projection through lumen of seminal vesicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174296/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836C2E623FFB2FEB412DAFE40F8DB" blockId="14.[264,1323,788,1894]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Ovaries paired, ventral; extend from level of mouth posteriorly to seminal bursa (
<figureCitation id="134C2A47E623FFB2FB7C12DAFE81F8F3" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[264,367,1805,1829]" captionTargetBox="[299,1292,878,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[299,1293,878,1777]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Haplogonaria sophiae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of a living specimen. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed specimen. B. Dorsal view of posterior end of specimen. C. Portion of anterior end, showing rhabdoid glands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174295/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
A, B, 9A). Testes paired, lateral to ovaries; extend from frontal glands posteriorly to male copulatory organ.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836C2E623FFB3FEB41342FBF6FED3" blockId="14.[264,1323,788,1894]" lastBlockId="15.[264,1323,284,830]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Female gonopore absent. Thin-walled seminal bursa positioned ventrally, immediately anterior to seminal vesicle and posterior to developing oocytes (
<figureCitation id="134C2A47E622FFB3FC7A1512FBABFED3" box="[1014,1084,284,310]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[264,367,1436,1460]" captionTargetBox="[434,1149,316,1413]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[434,1150,316,1414]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Haplogonaria sophiae sp. nov.; A. Sagittal histological section of holotype. B, C. Projections of whole-mount stained with Alexa- 488 - labeled phalloidin and viewed with confocal microscopy. B. Ventral view of body-wall musculature. C. Dorsal projection through lumen of seminal vesicle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174296/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
A).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836C2E622FFB3FEB4154AFEBBFE4B" blockId="15.[264,1323,284,830]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Male gonopore ventral at posterior end of body; opens to ciliated male antrum. Antrum opens to muscular seminal vesicle filled with sperm. Penis absent. (
<figureCitation id="134C2A47E622FFB3FB061562FB4BFE63" box="[1162,1244,364,390]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[264,367,1805,1829]" captionTargetBox="[299,1292,878,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[299,1293,878,1777]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Haplogonaria sophiae sp. nov.; photomicrographs of a living specimen. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed specimen. B. Dorsal view of posterior end of specimen. C. Portion of anterior end, showing rhabdoid glands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/174295/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
B, 9A, C).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D6549E622FFB3FEB415B5FEC3FCDB" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC836C2E622FFB3FEB415B5FEC3FCDB" blockId="15.[264,1323,284,830]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B903EAD0E622FFB3FEB415B5FE3DFE30" bold="true" box="[312,426,443,469]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Remarks</emphasis>
. In most of the 15 described species of
<taxonomicName id="4C774D41E622FFB3FCF415B2FB89FE30" box="[888,1054,444,469]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAD0E622FFB3FCF415B2FB89FE30" box="[888,1054,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Haplogonaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the seminal bursa and seminal vesicle connect to a common gonopore. Although we could not discern a connection between the gonopore and seminal bursa in our species, the close proximity of these structures raises the possibility that a facultative connection exists.
<taxonomicName id="4C774D41E622FFB3FB04163AFA9CFDA8" box="[1160,1291,564,589]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="sophiae">
<emphasis id="B903EAD0E622FFB3FB04163AFA9CFDA8" box="[1160,1291,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. sophiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C774D41E622FFB3FE0F1652FE41FD90" box="[387,470,604,629]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="idia">
<emphasis id="B903EAD0E622FFB3FE0F1652FE41FD90" box="[387,470,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. idia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having paired ovaries; all other known species in the genus have an unpaired ovary.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE64B33E622FFB3FE5C168AFCB0FD7B" author="Hooge" box="[464,807,644,670]" pageId="15" pageNumber="49" refString="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Eppinger, N. (2005) New species of Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from the Gulf of California. Zootaxa, 1009, 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2005">Hooge and Eppinger (2005)</bibRefCitation>
pointed out that the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C774D41E622FFB3FB08168AFABDFD78" box="[1156,1322,644,669]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAD0E622FFB3FB08168AFABDFD78" box="[1156,1322,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Haplogonaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
contains some species, such as
<taxonomicName id="4C774D41E622FFB3FD0A16A2FC9FFD20" box="[646,776,684,709]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="sophiae">
<emphasis id="B903EAD0E622FFB3FD0A16A2FC9FFD20" box="[646,776,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. sophiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with a muscular seminal vesicle, and others with a non-muscular or weakly muscular seminal vesicle. It is probable that this character is of systematic importance and is indicative of separate phylogenetic lineages within the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>