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<document id="CC588372DF93F1DF419135ABFD595F53" ID-CLB-Dataset="3099" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.782.1587" ID-GBIF-Dataset="80d0667e-57fa-41f9-be4b-1af73772d90d" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5761433" ID-ZooBank="C5C2CA76-7879-4100-BDB5-53CCAE54053D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1638795322275" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ardila-Camacho, Adrian, Rivera-Gasperín, Sara Lariza, Martins, Caleb Califre &amp; Contreras-Ramos, Atilano" docDate="2021" docId="F25FCB60FFD9134679AFE9F378C26BF4" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-782_21-54.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 782" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.782.1587" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Caribesialis Ardila-Camacho, Martins &amp; Contreras-Ramos 2021, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="0E66B318FFDA1345782AE8117C396C28" masterDocTitle="A reappraisal of the taxonomy of Neotropical Sialidae (Insecta: Megaloptera): with the description of a new genus from Cuba" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1699472006058" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="49D7226CFFD11BD60F1C5B1E6090FC5B">A reappraisal of the taxonomy of Neotropical Sialidae (Insecta: Megaloptera): with the description of a new genus from Cuba</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3740B226F9FB5F669C774C0E0A7D81CC">Ardila-Camacho, Adrian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="08EC14CEFCBDC5A0F51DDAF322380CA5">Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, UNAM, Depto. de Zoología, Apdo. Postal 70 - 153, 04510 Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico &amp; Grupo de Investigación en Biotecnología y Medio Ambiente, Depto. de Biología, Universidad INCCA de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6FE3D012F766A75C8B7FAD87E23C2408" type="email">aardilac88@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2F1D1782552067C1E5387C58DAE5EDC9">Rivera-Gasperín, Sara Lariza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EA2AF378E41B656CED71D25A153E7B78">Red de Biodiversidad y Sistemática, Instituto de Ecología, A. C., Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, 91070 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="529EDFFE6582A8A830EC0468B7EFEBDE" type="email">zaralariza@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2FAD29331E65B581FC9AD487AF60FDB4">Martins, Caleb Califre</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A87DB4AA7F13E9A77E36BA2FEEDE108D">Instituto de Biología, UNAM, Depto. de Zoología, Apdo. Postal 70 - 153, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="94E5A27423A01782D03A2C499E4D8375" type="email">calebcalifre@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="DCCA43E87C2A023487F3C560D47A4748">Contreras-Ramos, Atilano</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="88A75A4A1A197D73266DBD59982054DC">Instituto de Biología, UNAM, Depto. de Zoología, Apdo. Postal 70 - 153, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="C55293FCBBA92FDEC8A6D1AA2E35DABC">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="788A190C6060F399FC12DEB8FD08601F">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="F25FCB60FFD9134679AFE9F378C26BF4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5761439" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191144382" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5761439" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F25FCB60FFD9134679AFE9F378C26BF4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F25FCB60FFD9134679AFE9F378C26BF4" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<subSubSection id="32EC29FDFFD9134679AFE9F378966DD5" box="[389,1199,482,509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7A497A76FFD9134679AFE9F378966DD5" blockId="3.[372,1216,482,578]" box="[389,1199,482,509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="2101CD1AFFD9134679AFE9F378966DD5" box="[389,1199,482,509]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD9134679AFE9F378056DD4" authority="Ardila-Camacho, Martins &amp; Contreras-Ramos" authorityName="Ardila-Camacho, Martins &amp; Contreras-Ramos" authorityYear="2021" box="[389,1084,482,509]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Caribesialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD9134679AFE9F37E2D6DD5" bold="true" box="[389,532,482,509]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Caribesialis</emphasis>
Ardila-Camacho, Martins &amp; Contreras-Ramos
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="53B11B1FFFD913467C6EE9F278966DD5" box="[1092,1199,483,509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="0E5040A3FFD913467AA4EA1478F96E08" box="[654,1216,517,544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">D535251C-108D-42AF-90FF-56BE2142C760</uuid>
</uri>
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<paragraph id="7A497A76FFD913467ACDEA397F746E6A" blockId="3.[372,1216,482,578]" box="[743,845,552,578]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<figureCitation id="E2CD66F3FFD913467ACDEA397F746E6A" box="[743,845,552,578]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStart-5="Fig" captionStartId-0="4.[189,232,1999,2025]" captionStartId-1="5.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionStartId-2="8.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionStartId-3="9.[190,233,1926,1952]" captionStartId-4="10.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionStartId-5="11.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox-0="[192,1393,384,1858]" captionTargetBox-1="[193,1395,303,1805]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1398,392,1796]" captionTargetBox-4="[189,1398,1049,1888]" captionTargetBox-5="[189,1397,395,1757]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@4.[189,1398,378,1877]" captionTargetId-1="figure-11@5.[189,1398,303,1822]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@8.[189,1398,387,1815]" captionTargetId-3="figure-12@9.[190,1399,500,1703]" captionTargetId-4="figure-133@10.[189,1398,1031,1888]" captionTargetId-5="figure-12@11.[189,1398,386,1757]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionTargetPageId-4="10" captionTargetPageId-5="11" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Caribesialis bifasciata (Hagen, 1861) comb. nov., dorsal habitus. A. Male. B. Female." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Caribesialis bifasciata (Hagen, 1861) comb. nov. A. Head, dorso-frontal view. B. Head, frontal view. C. Fore- (above) and hindwing (below)." captionText-2="Fig.3.Caribesialisbifasciata (Hagen, 1861)comb.nov.,malegenitalia.A. Lateralview.B.Morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A. C. Laterocaudal view. D. Morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C." captionText-3="Fig. 4.Caribesialis bifasciata(Hagen, 1861)comb.nov.,malegenitalia.A.Ventralview.B.Morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A. C. Dorsal view. D. Morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C." captionText-4="Fig.5. Caribesialis bifasciata(Hagen, 1861)comb.nov.,male genitalia.A.Caudal view.B. Morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in A." captionText-5="Fig. 6. Caribesialis bifasciata (Hagen, 1861) comb. nov., female genitalia. A. Lateral view. B. Morphological interpretation of genital sclerites inA.C. Ventral view.D. Morphological interpretation of genital sclerites in C." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5761435" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5761437" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5761441" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5762309" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5761443" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5761445" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5761435/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5761437/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5761441/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5762309/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5761443/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/5761445/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Figs 1–6</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="32EC29FDFFD913467897EA7B7E6B6E9B" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="7A497A76FFD913467897EA7B7DF26EAC" blockId="3.[189,459,618,644]" box="[189,459,618,644]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="2101CD1AFFD913467897EA7B7DF26EAC" bold="true" box="[189,459,618,644]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" reason="3">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467897EA7B7DF26EAC" bold="true" box="[189,459,618,644]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<typeStatus id="A54DC4D4FFD913467897EA7B7CC36EAC" box="[189,250,618,644]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
and only species
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A497A76FFD913467897EA897E6B6E9B" blockId="3.[189,594,664,691]" box="[189,594,664,691]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5AE65D58FFD913467897EA897E6B6E9B" box="[189,594,664,691]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<treatmentCitation id="FB575C67FFD913467897EA897E776E9B" author="Hagen H. A." box="[189,590,664,691]" page="188" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" year="1861">
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467897EA897E776E9B" ID-CoL="4X5GG" authority="Hagen 1861: 188" authorityName="Hagen" authorityPageNumber="188" authorityYear="1861" box="[189,590,664,691]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Sialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifasciata">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467897EA897D436E9A" box="[189,378,664,690]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Sialis bifasciata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1E670787FFD9134679ABEA887E776E9B" author="Hagen" box="[385,590,664,691]" firstAuthor="Hagen" page="188" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 347" refId="ref13645" refString="Hagen H. A. 1861. Synopsis of the Neuroptera of North America, with a list of the South American species. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 4: 1 - 347. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 18918125" type="journal article" year="1861">Hagen 1861: 188</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="32EC29FDFFD913467897EACB78B26927" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7A497A76FFD913467897EACB7D0F6EDC" blockId="3.[189,310,730,756]" box="[189,310,730,756]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="2101CD1AFFD913467897EACB7D0F6EDC" bold="true" box="[189,310,730,756]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" reason="3">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467897EACB7D0F6EDC" bold="true" box="[189,310,730,756]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A497A76FFD913467897EB1978B26927" blockId="3.[187,1400,776,1296]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467897EB197D696F0A" authority="Ardila-Camacho &amp; Rivera-Gasperín &amp; Martins &amp; Contreras-Ramos, 2021" authorityName="Ardila-Camacho &amp; Rivera-Gasperín &amp; Martins &amp; Contreras-Ramos" authorityYear="2021" box="[189,336,776,802]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Caribesialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467897EB197D696F0A" box="[189,336,776,802]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Caribesialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53B11B1FFFD91346797FEB187DF86F0B" box="[341,449,777,803]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is distinguished from other
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467B23EB197F536F0A" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[777,874,776,802]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sialidae</taxonomicName>
genera by the presence of elongated, tubular and digitiform gonostyli 9. Similar structures are also present only in
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467C22EB3D794B6F6E" authority="Davis, 1903" authorityName="Davis" authorityYear="1903" box="[1032,1394,812,838]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Sialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467C22EB3D78EF6F6E" box="[1032,1238,812,838]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Sialis nevadensis</emphasis>
Davis, 1903
</taxonomicName>
, but in this species these sclerites are short and unguiform. The presence of gonocoxites 10 forming a tiara-shaped sclerite with prominent median hook-shaped process is a unique character of this genus. The gonocoxites 10 are also present in some species of
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467B9BEB8478946F87" authority="Latreille, 1802" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[945,1197,917,943]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Sialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467B9BEB847FCD6F87" box="[945,1012,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Sialis</emphasis>
Latreille, 1802
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467CC3EB847D566FFB" authority="Tillyard, 1919" authorityName="Tillyard" authorityYear="1919" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Austrosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467CC3EB84794E6F87" box="[1257,1399,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Austrosialis</emphasis>
Tillyard, 1919
</taxonomicName>
; nevertheless, in these genera they are present as one or a pair of small sclerites. Another autapomorphy of the new genus is the structure of the gonocoxites 11, which form a barshaped sclerite fused to the inner region of the ectoproct. Species of
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467C26EBEE797B6831" authority="Tillyard, 1919" authorityName="Tillyard" authorityYear="1919" box="[1036,1346,1023,1049]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Stenosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467C26EBEE78B76831" box="[1036,1166,1023,1049]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Stenosialis</emphasis>
Tillyard, 1919
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467895EC337E376814" authority="Liu et al., 2009" authorityName="Liu" authorityYear="2009" box="[191,526,1058,1085]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Sialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="navasi">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467895EC337D6F6814" box="[191,342,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Sialis navasi</emphasis>
Liu
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD9134679A2EC327DFB6814" box="[392,450,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
, 2009
</taxonomicName>
also have this structure fused to the ectoproct; nevertheless, in
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467CD9EC33794C6814" authorityName="Tillyard" authorityYear="1919" box="[1267,1397,1058,1084]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Stenosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467CD9EC33794C6814" box="[1267,1397,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Stenosialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the gonocoxites 11 are fused only with the ventral region of the ectoproct, while in
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467CFDEC57797E6877" box="[1239,1351,1094,1120]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Sialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="navasi">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467CFDEC57797E6877" box="[1239,1351,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">S. navasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the gonocoxites 11 are completely fused with the ectoproct. The new genus has a median, short and straight, caudally projected bifid process (interpreted as gonostyli 11), whose base is fused forming a Y-shaped structure. In other genera of
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467AA9ECBE7EDE68E1" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[643,743,1199,1225]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sialidae</taxonomicName>
, this structure is generally separated into two parts, and when their bases are fused (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467A69ECC37FBE68C5" authority="Pictet, 1865" authorityName="Pictet" authorityYear="1865" box="[579,903,1234,1261]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Sialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467A69ECC37ED668C4" box="[579,751,1234,1260]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Sialis nigripes</emphasis>
Pictet, 1865
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467BEAECC3790A68C4" authority="Newman, 1838" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1838" box="[960,1331,1234,1261]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Sialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infumata">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467BEAECC3784D68C4" box="[960,1140,1234,1260]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Sialis infumata</emphasis>
Newman, 1838
</taxonomicName>
) they are elongated and projected posteroventrad or posterodorsad, instead of caudally.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32EC29FDFFD913467897ED267DF169ED" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7A497A76FFD913467897ED267D7E6979" blockId="3.[189,327,1335,1361]" box="[189,327,1335,1361]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="2101CD1AFFD913467897ED267D7E6979" bold="true" box="[189,327,1335,1361]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" reason="3">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467897ED267D7E6979" bold="true" box="[189,327,1335,1361]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A497A76FFD913467897ED747DF169ED" blockId="3.[188,1399,1381,1477]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
The generic epithet is a combination of –
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467AE3ED747F2C6957" box="[713,789,1381,1407]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">caribe</emphasis>
– in allusion to the native aboriginal people that inhabited a great part of northern South America and the Lesser Antilles, and –
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467C41ED997897698A" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1131,1198,1416,1442]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Sialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467C41ED997897698A" box="[1131,1198,1416,1442]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Sialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
– the
<typeStatus id="A54DC4D4FFD913467CDCED987910698B" box="[1270,1321,1417,1443]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">type</typeStatus>
genus of the family
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467975EDBA7DFD69ED" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[351,452,1451,1477]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sialidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="32EC29FDFFD913467897EDFC78C26BF4" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="7A497A76FFD913467897EDFC7D086A2F" blockId="3.[189,305,1517,1543]" box="[189,305,1517,1543]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="2101CD1AFFD913467897EDFC7D086A2F" bold="true" box="[189,305,1517,1543]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" reason="3">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467897EDFC7D086A2F" bold="true" box="[189,305,1517,1543]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7A497A76FFD913467897EE0A78C26BF4" blockId="3.[188,1400,1563,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467897EE0A7D706A1D" authority="Ardila-Camacho &amp; Rivera-Gasperín &amp; Martins &amp; Contreras-Ramos, 2021" authorityName="Ardila-Camacho &amp; Rivera-Gasperín &amp; Martins &amp; Contreras-Ramos" authorityYear="2021" box="[189,329,1563,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Caribesialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467897EE0A7D706A1D" box="[189,329,1563,1589]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Caribesialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53B11B1FFFD91346797BEE0D7D826A1E" box="[337,443,1564,1590]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
belongs to the
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467A47EE0A7E946A1D" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[621,685,1563,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Sialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467A47EE0A7E946A1D" box="[621,685,1563,1589]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Sialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lineage (
<bibRefCitation id="1E670787FFD913467B32EE0A7FE96A1E" author="Liu" box="[792,976,1563,1590]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Liu" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" pagination="18 - 49" refId="ref14022" refString="Liu X. - Y., Hayashi F. &amp; Yang D. 2015 a. Phylogeny of the family Sialidae (Insecta: Megaloptera) inferred from morphological data, with implications for generic classification and historical biogeography. Cladistics 31: 18 - 49. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / cla. 12071" type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="a">
Liu
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467B62EE0D7FBB6A1D" box="[840,898,1563,1589]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
2015a
</bibRefCitation>
), which includes the new genus, the extant genera
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467970EE2E7DEE6A71" baseAuthorityName="Penny" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[346,471,1599,1625]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Protosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467970EE2E7DEE6A71" box="[346,471,1599,1625]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Protosialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467A26EE2E7E756A71" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[524,588,1599,1625]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Sialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467A26EE2E7E756A71" box="[524,588,1599,1625]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Sialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the fossil genus
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467B17EE2E78686A71" authority="Nel, 1988" authorityName="Nel" authorityYear="1988" box="[829,1105,1599,1625]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Proindosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467B17EE2E7FEE6A71" box="[829,983,1599,1625]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Proindosialis</emphasis>
Nel, 1988
</taxonomicName>
. The new genus is closely related to
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467904EE737D926A54" baseAuthorityName="Penny" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[302,427,1634,1660]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Protosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467904EE737D926A54" box="[302,427,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Protosialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, sharing several characters of wings and female genitalia. Nevertheless, the presence of gonostyli 9, gonocoxites 10 as a tiara-like sclerite and gonocoxites 11 as a bar-like sclerite fused to the inner region of the ectoproct in the new genus clearly separates this group from
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467C48EEB978E46AEA" baseAuthorityName="Penny" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[1122,1245,1704,1730]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Protosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467C48EEB978E46AEA" box="[1122,1245,1704,1730]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Protosialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which lacks gonostyli 9 and gonocoxites 10, and gonocoxites 11 are not fused with the ectoproct. The presence of welldeveloped gonostyli
<quantity id="BD0ED793FFD913467987EEFE7DE06B21" box="[429,473,1775,1801]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" unit="in" value="9.0">9 in</quantity>
the new genus is an uncommon character within
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467C3EEEFE784A6B21" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[1044,1139,1775,1801]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sialidae</taxonomicName>
, as it is absent in most of the species.
<bibRefCitation id="1E670787FFD913467949EF037E1B6B04" author="Boudinot" box="[355,546,1810,1836]" firstAuthor="Boudinot" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" pagination="563 - 613" refId="ref13006" refString="Boudinot B. E. 2018. A general theory of genital homologies for the Hexapoda (Pancrustacea) derived from skeletomuscular correspondences, with emphasis on the Endopterygota. Arthropod Structure &amp; Development 47: 563 - 613. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. asd. 2018.11.001" type="journal article" year="2018">Boudinot (2018)</bibRefCitation>
argued that the gonocoxite 9 of
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467BA4EF03781E6B04" authorityName="Davis" authorityYear="1903" box="[910,1063,1810,1836]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Sialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467BA4EF03781E6B04" box="[910,1063,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">S. nevadensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is divided into two parts, one ventral and one dorsal, the later fused with the tergite 9. In the new genus, the gonostylus 9 is articulated to the dorsal part of the gonocoxite 9 (in the sense of
<bibRefCitation id="1E670787FFD913467AD6EF497FFF6B5B" author="Boudinot" box="[764,966,1880,1907]" firstAuthor="Boudinot" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" pagination="563 - 613" refId="ref13006" refString="Boudinot B. E. 2018. A general theory of genital homologies for the Hexapoda (Pancrustacea) derived from skeletomuscular correspondences, with emphasis on the Endopterygota. Arthropod Structure &amp; Development 47: 563 - 613. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. asd. 2018.11.001" type="journal article" year="2018">Boudinot (2018))</bibRefCitation>
, a condition observed in
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467CC9EF49794A6B5A" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[1251,1395,1880,1906]" class="Insecta" family="Corydalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Corydalidae</taxonomicName>
. According to
<bibRefCitation id="1E670787FFD91346794EEF6A7E026BBE" author="Liu" box="[356,571,1915,1942]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Liu" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" pagination="18 - 49" refId="ref14022" refString="Liu X. - Y., Hayashi F. &amp; Yang D. 2015 a. Phylogeny of the family Sialidae (Insecta: Megaloptera) inferred from morphological data, with implications for generic classification and historical biogeography. Cladistics 31: 18 - 49. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / cla. 12071" type="journal article" year="2015" yearSuffix="a">
Liu
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD9134679B2EF6D7DEF6BBD" box="[408,470,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
(2015a)
</bibRefCitation>
, a projection on the tergite 9 is present in
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467C67EF6A794A6BBE" authority="Lestage, 1927" authorityName="Lestage" authorityYear="1927" box="[1101,1395,1915,1942]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Indosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467C67EF6A78876BBD" box="[1101,1214,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Indosialis</emphasis>
Lestage, 1927
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467897EF8E7E116B92" authority="(Navas, 1936)" baseAuthorityName="Navas" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[189,552,1951,1978]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Haplosialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="afra">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467897EF8E7D436B91" box="[189,378,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Haplosialis afra</emphasis>
(Navás, 1936)
</taxonomicName>
, and the extinct
<taxonomicName id="BDF601F5FFD913467AC1EF8E78476B91" authority="(Wichard, 2002)" baseAuthorityName="Wichard" baseAuthorityYear="2002" box="[747,1150,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Sialidae" genus="Ilyobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="herrlingi">
<emphasis id="4882A664FFD913467AC1EF8E7F8F6B91" box="[747,950,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Ilyobius herrlingi</emphasis>
(Wichard, 2002)
</taxonomicName>
, which should not be misinterpreted as homologous with the gonostyli 9 expressed in the new taxa described herein.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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