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<mods:title id="8E34D3EB710C3246A0AADAE9F95C6763">Re-description of Grammapsychops lebedevi Martynova, 1954 (Neuroptera: Psychopsidae) with notes on the Late Cretaceous psychopsoids</mods:title>
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Genus
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<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B7387064B2A2BCC4B" box="[151,334,1113,1135]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Grammapsychops</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC31F17FFB9841B724506482922CC4B" author="Martynova, O. M." box="[341,583,1113,1135]" page="1167" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" year="1954">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B72450648296CCC4B" author="Martynova, O. M." box="[341,521,1113,1135]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="1167 - 1169" refId="ref7737" refString="Martynova, O. M. (1954) Neuroptera from the Cretaceous deposits of Siberia. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 94, 1167 - 1169. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1954">Martynova, 1954</bibRefCitation>
: 1167
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[
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(sic)];
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B706D064B2F45CC4B" author="Carpenter, F. M." box="[893,1056,1113,1135]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="279 - 655" refId="ref5999" refString="Carpenter, F. M. (1992) Superclass Hexapoda. In: Moore, R. C. &amp; Kaesler, R. L. (Eds.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part R. Arthropoda 4. Fol. 4. Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO and University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, pp. iii + 279 - 655." type="book chapter" year="1992">Carpenter 1992</bibRefCitation>
: 351
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[
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[
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: 435
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[
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s.l.: Group IV];
<treatmentCitation id="0AC31F17FFB9841B7087066A2F8CCCAA" author="Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Archibald, S. B." box="[919,1257,1144,1166]" page="177" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B7087066A2FDFCCAA" author="Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Archibald, S. B." box="[919,1210,1144,1166]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="171 - 180" refId="ref7381" refString="Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Archibald, S. B. (2003) Family affinity of the genus Palaeopsychops Andersen with description of a new species from the Early Eocene of British Columbia (Neuroptera: Polystoechotidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 96, 171 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / 0013 - 8746 (2003) 096 [0171: FAOTGP] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2003">Makarkin &amp; Archibald 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 177
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[
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B77E5066A2EECCCAA" ID-CoL="626V6" authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1906" box="[1269,1417,1144,1166]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Psychopsidae</taxonomicName>
?];
<treatmentCitation id="0AC31F17FFB9841B73D706852ADACC88" author="Jepson, J. E. &amp; Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Jarzembowski, E. A." box="[199,447,1174,1197]" page="1330" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B73D706852AE7CC88" author="Jepson, J. E. &amp; Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Jarzembowski, E. A." box="[199,386,1174,1197]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="1325 - 1338" refId="ref6769" refString="Jepson, J. E., Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Jarzembowski, E. A. (2009) New lacewings (Insecta: Neuroptera) from the Lower Cretaceous Wealden Supergroup of southern England. Cretaceous Research, 30, 1325 - 1338. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2009.06.004" type="journal article" year="2009">
Jepson
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B7202068A2A5ACC88" box="[274,319,1174,1197]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">et al</emphasis>
. 2009
</bibRefCitation>
: 1330
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[
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B72DB068429C6CC88" ID-CoL="DRD" box="[459,675,1174,1196]" class="Insecta" family="Osmylopsychopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Osmylopsychopidae</taxonomicName>
];
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B71A20685283FCC88" author="Peng, Y. Y. &amp; Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Wang, X. D. &amp; Ren, D." box="[690,858,1174,1197]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="217 - 228" refId="ref8023" refString="Peng, Y. Y., Makarkin, V. N., Wang, X. D. &amp; Ren, D. (2011) A new fossil silky lacewing genus (Neuroptera: Psychopsidae) from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of China. ZooKeys, 130, 217 - 228. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 130.1576" type="journal article" year="2011">
Peng
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B71FC068A287CCC88" box="[748,793,1174,1197]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
: 218
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, 221, 225 [
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B70ED06842FF5CC88" ID-CoL="626V6" authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1906" box="[1021,1168,1174,1196]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Psychopsidae</taxonomicName>
];
<treatmentCitation id="0AC31F17FFB9841B77B006842EF9CC88" author="Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Yang, Q. &amp; Peng, Y. Y. &amp; Ren, D." box="[1184,1436,1174,1197]" page="59" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" year="2012">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B77B006842E1CCC88" author="Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Yang, Q. &amp; Peng, Y. Y. &amp; Ren, D." box="[1184,1401,1174,1197]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="57 - 68" refId="ref7529" refString="Makarkin, V. N., Yang, Q., Peng, Y. Y. &amp; Ren, D. (2012) A comparative overview of the neuropteran assemblage of the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation (China), with description of a new genus of Psychopsidae (Insecta: Neuroptera). Cretaceous Research, 35, 57 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2011.11.013" type="journal article" year="2012">
Makarkin
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B7619068A2E53CC88" box="[1289,1334,1174,1197]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
: 59
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];
<treatmentCitation id="0AC31F17FFB9841B727E06A729D9CCEF" author="Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Khramov, A. V." box="[366,700,1205,1227]" page="411" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" year="2015">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B727E06A729EBCCEF" author="Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Khramov, A. V." box="[366,654,1205,1227]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="407 - 415" refId="ref7463" refString="Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Khramov, A. V. (2015) A new fossil species of snakeflies (Raphidioptera: Mesoraphidiidae) from the Late Cretaceous of Kazakhstan, with notes on Turonian Neuropterida. Cretaceous Research, 52 (B), 407 - 415. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2014.02.010" type="journal article" year="2015">Makarkin &amp; Khramov 2015</bibRefCitation>
: 411
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[
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B71D806A728C4CCEF" ID-CoL="DRD" box="[712,929,1205,1227]" class="Insecta" family="Osmylopsychopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Osmylopsychopidae</taxonomicName>
?];
<treatmentCitation id="0AC31F17FFB9841B70AB06A42FF7CCEF" author="Peng, Y. Y. &amp; Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Ren, D." box="[955,1170,1205,1227]" page="262" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" year="2016">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B70AB06A42F06CCEF" author="Peng, Y. Y. &amp; Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Ren, D." box="[955,1123,1205,1227]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="261 - 295" refId="ref7963" refString="Peng, Y. Y., Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Ren, D. (2016) Diverse new Middle Jurassic Osmylopsychopidae (Neuroptera) from China shed light on the classification of psychopsoids. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 14, 261 - 295. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14772019.2015.1042080" type="journal article" year="2016">
Peng
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B70E406A42F45CCEF" box="[1012,1056,1205,1227]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
: 262
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[
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?].
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B738706C62A2BCCCE" box="[151,334,1236,1258]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Grammopsychops</emphasis>
[sic, misspelled]:
<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B710206C729A4CCCE" author="Martynova, O. M." box="[530,705,1236,1258]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="383 - 404" refId="ref7769" refString="Martynova, O. M. (1962) Superorder Neuropteroidea. In: Rohdendorf, B. B. (Vol. Ed.), Fundamentals of Paleontology. Arthropoda-Tracheata and Chelicerata. Academy of Science of the USSR, Moscow, pp. 269 - 282. [in Russian; English translation: (1991). In: Davis, D. R. (Ed.), Fundamentals of Paleontology. Fol. 9. Arthropoda, Tracheata, Chelicerata. Smithsonian Institution Libraries and the National Science Foundation, Washington, D. C., pp. 383 - 404]" type="book chapter" year="1962">Martynova 1962</bibRefCitation>
: 278 [
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B701406C628E2CCCE" baseAuthorityName="Handlirsch" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[772,903,1236,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Psychopidae</taxonomicName>
(sic)];
<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B70C706C62FC5CCCE" author="Martins-Neto, R. G." box="[983,1184,1236,1258]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="68 - 83" refId="ref7609" refString="Martins-Neto, R. G. (1997) Neuropteros (Insecta, Planipennia) da Formacao Santana (Cretaceo Inferior), Bacia do Araripe, nordeste do Brasil. X - Descricao de novos taxons (Chrysopidae, Babinskaiidae, Myrmeleontidae, Ascalaphidae e Psychopsidae). Revista Universidade de Guarulhos (Ciencias de Exatas e Technologicas), 2 (4), 68 - 83." type="journal article" year="1997">Martins-Neto 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 70, 71 [
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B761006C62EF7CCCE" ID-CoL="626V6" authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1906" box="[1280,1426,1236,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Psychopsidae</taxonomicName>
];
<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B73D706E02970CD2C" author="Martins-Neto, R. G. &amp; Rodrigues, V. Z." box="[199,533,1266,1288]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref7679" refString="Martins-Neto, R. G. &amp; Rodrigues, V. Z. (2010) New neuropteran insects (Osmylidae, Palaeoleontidae, Araripeneuridae and Psychopsidae) from the Santana Formation, Early Cretaceous NE Brazil. Gaea, 6, 1 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.4013 / gaea. 2010.61.01" type="journal article" year="2010">Martins-Neto &amp; Rodrigues 2010</bibRefCitation>
: 6 [
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B712706E029ACCD2C" ID-CoL="626V6" authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1906" box="[567,713,1266,1288]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Psychopsidae</taxonomicName>
].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3786A8DFFB9841B738707032888CD03" box="[151,1005,1297,1319]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDD3906FFB9841B738707032888CD03" blockId="1.[151,1437,1113,1319]" box="[151,1005,1297,1319]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B738707032A47CD03" bold="true" box="[151,290,1297,1319]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">
<typeStatus id="54D987A4FFB9841B738707032BA9CD03" box="[151,204,1297,1319]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B723907032997CD03" authority="Martynova, 1954" authorityName="Martynova" authorityYear="1954" box="[297,754,1297,1319]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" genus="Grammapsychops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lebedevi">
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B72390703295FCD03" box="[297,570,1297,1319]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Grammapsychops lebedevi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B715107002997CD03" author="Martynova, O. M." box="[577,754,1297,1319]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="1167 - 1169" refId="ref7737" refString="Martynova, O. M. (1954) Neuroptera from the Cretaceous deposits of Siberia. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 94, 1167 - 1169. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1954">Martynova, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3786A8DFFB9841B73870746290DCE61" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDD3906FFB9841B738707462E4ECE04" blockId="1.[151,1437,1364,1965]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B738707462A6FCD49" bold="true" box="[151,266,1364,1389]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. In hind wing, costal space extremely broad, with numerous crossveins arranged mainly in several gradate series; ScP and RA connected distally by relatively long crossvein; R then basal part of RP very stout; posterior trace of RA with three long distal anteriorly-directed branches; RA space very narrow; branches of RP deeply dichotomously branched; RP1–RP6 stout proximally; RP1 shallowly forked; M forked basally, only slightly distad origin of RP1; CuA strongly pectinately branched, with very oblique branches; CuP with three long, very oblique branches; many crossveins in radial to cubital spaces arranged mainly in irregular gradate series.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD3906FFB9841B73D7043E290DCE61" blockId="1.[151,1437,1364,1965]" box="[199,616,1580,1605]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B73D7043E2AE9CE61" bold="true" box="[199,396,1580,1605]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Species included</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="54D987A4FFB9841B728A043F2AB7CE61" box="[410,466,1581,1605]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Type</typeStatus>
species only.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3786A8DFFB9841B73D7045D2E0BCF89" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDD3906FFB9841B73D7045D2FA9CF38" blockId="1.[151,1437,1364,1965]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B73D7045D2A2DCE4C" bold="true" box="[199,328,1615,1640]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Comments</emphasis>
. The venation of the hind wing of
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B71F1044228CECE4C" authorityName="Martynova, 1954:" authorityYear="1167" box="[737,939,1616,1640]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" genus="Grammapsychops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B71F1044228CECE4C" box="[737,939,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Grammapsychops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to those of two Cretaceous genera, i.e.,
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B7233046629DECEA8" authority="Martins-Neto, 1997" authorityName="Martins-Neto" authorityYear="1997" box="[291,699,1652,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" genus="Pulchroptilonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B723304662AB6CEA8" box="[291,467,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Pulchroptilonia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B72CC046629DECEA8" author="Martins-Neto, R. G." box="[476,699,1652,1677]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="68 - 83" refId="ref7609" refString="Martins-Neto, R. G. (1997) Neuropteros (Insecta, Planipennia) da Formacao Santana (Cretaceo Inferior), Bacia do Araripe, nordeste do Brasil. X - Descricao de novos taxons (Chrysopidae, Babinskaiidae, Myrmeleontidae, Ascalaphidae e Psychopsidae). Revista Universidade de Guarulhos (Ciencias de Exatas e Technologicas), 2 (4), 68 - 83." type="journal article" year="1997">Martins-Neto, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B71E504662F4ECEA9" authority="Zalessky, 1953" authorityName="G. Zalessky" authorityYear="1953" box="[757,1067,1652,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" genus="Embaneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B71E50466281DCEA8" box="[757,888,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Embaneura</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B706E04662F4ECEA9" author="Zalessky, G. M." box="[894,1067,1652,1677]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="163 - 166" refId="ref8538" refString="Zalessky, G. M. (1953) New localities of Cretaceous insects in the Volga Region, Kazakhstan and Transbaikalia. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 89, 163 - 166. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1953">Zalessky, 1953</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B772804662F8ACEA9" author="Zalessky, G. M." box="[1080,1263,1652,1677]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="163 - 166" refId="ref8538" refString="Zalessky, G. M. (1953) New localities of Cretaceous insects in the Volga Region, Kazakhstan and Transbaikalia. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 89, 163 - 166. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1953">Zalessky (1953)</bibRefCitation>
interpreted the only known wing of
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B726E048B2949CE94" authorityName="G. Zalessky" authorityYear="1953" box="[382,556,1688,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" genus="Embaneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vachrameevi">
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B726E048B2949CE94" box="[382,556,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">E. vachrameevi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a forewing, but judging from its venation this is most probably a hind wing. Unfortunately, this cannot be verified due to the current depository of the
<typeStatus id="54D987A4FFB9841B70FF04AE2F34CEF1" box="[1007,1105,1724,1749]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B776C04AF2BAACEDC" authority="Zalessky, 1953" authorityName="G. Zalessky" authorityYear="1953" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" genus="Embaneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vachrameevi">
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B776C04AF2E4FCEF0" box="[1148,1322,1724,1748]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">E. vachrameevi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B762304AE2BAACEDC" author="Zalessky, G. M." pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="163 - 166" refId="ref8538" refString="Zalessky, G. M. (1953) New localities of Cretaceous insects in the Volga Region, Kazakhstan and Transbaikalia. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 89, 163 - 166. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1953">Zalessky, 1953</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
being unknown.
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B729F04F2293CCEDC" authorityName="Martynova, 1954:" authorityYear="1167" box="[399,601,1760,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" genus="Grammapsychops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B729F04F2293CCEDC" box="[399,601,1760,1784]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Grammapsychops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
easily differs from these genera by the presence of numerous crossveins in the costal space of the hind wing (no crossveins are present in
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B704305162F66CF38" authorityName="Martins-Neto" authorityYear="1997" box="[851,1027,1796,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" genus="Pulchroptilonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B704305162F66CF38" box="[851,1027,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Pulchroptilonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B772905162FD9CF38" authorityName="G. Zalessky" authorityYear="1953" box="[1081,1212,1796,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" genus="Embaneura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B772905162FD9CF38" box="[1081,1212,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Embaneura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD3906FFB9841B73D705352FC8CF41" blockId="1.[151,1437,1364,1965]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">
The hind wing of
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B7280053A293ECF64" authorityName="Martynova, 1954:" authorityYear="1167" box="[400,603,1832,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" genus="Grammapsychops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B7280053A293ECF64" box="[400,603,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Grammapsychops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B7061053A2E50CF64" authority="Makarkin et al., 2012" authorityName="Makarkin" authorityYear="2012" box="[881,1333,1831,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" genus="Alloepipsychopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B7061053A2F5ECF64" box="[881,1083,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Alloepipsychopsis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF344F7FFB9841B775305352E50CF64" author="Makarkin, V. N. &amp; Yang, Q. &amp; Peng, Y. Y. &amp; Ren, D." box="[1091,1333,1831,1856]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" pagination="57 - 68" refId="ref7529" refString="Makarkin, V. N., Yang, Q., Peng, Y. Y. &amp; Ren, D. (2012) A comparative overview of the neuropteran assemblage of the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation (China), with description of a new genus of Psychopsidae (Insecta: Neuroptera). Cretaceous Research, 35, 57 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2011.11.013" type="journal article" year="2012">
Makarkin
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B77A6053B2F8DCF64" box="[1206,1256,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">et al</emphasis>
., 2012
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from the Early Cretaceous (late Barremian) Yixian Formation, but the latter has its RP1 deeply forked.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD3906FFB9841B73D7057D2E0BCF89" blockId="1.[151,1437,1364,1965]" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">
The hind wing venation of other genera of
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B71D3057D2839CFAC" authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityYear="1906" box="[707,860,1903,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Psychopsidae</taxonomicName>
(and
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B70B2057D2FECCFAC" box="[930,1161,1903,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Osmylopsychopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Osmylopsychopidae</taxonomicName>
) is dissimilar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C624285FFB9841B738705862A04CF88" authorityName="Martynova, 1954:" authorityYear="1167" box="[151,353,1940,1964]" class="Insecta" family="Psychopsidae" genus="Grammapsychops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="582" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916E514FFB9841B738705862A04CF88" box="[151,353,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="582">Grammapsychops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Unfortunately, however, the hind wings are not known in all fossil genera of these families.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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