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<document id="62F06513211D62AE70B4963F9C25E726" ID-CLB-Dataset="31577" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4347.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="49a11228-6c4d-478f-b958-52610eaab951" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1044772" ID-ZooBank="176D72B0-0DD6-4D51-83CA-D47C2268A3CF" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1510292974405" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Peña Cantero, Álvaro L. &amp; Horton, Tammy" docDate="2017" docId="03F0943BFFD64D180BF8FB5CFBD910B0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4347.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4347 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Stegopoma plicatile" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFC9EC43FFDC4D140B6FFFAEFFC61048" masterDocTitle="Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Northeast Atlantic held in the modern Discovery Collections" masterLastPageNumber="30" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1698480972487" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="4C4E48087EDD0B0A13370EC68D22F433">Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from bathyal and abyssal depths of the Northeast Atlantic held in the modern Discovery Collections</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="161EC50649E428831A9252D7D493A092" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="CCD257DF8B200D393874E7BA1BB8E338">Peña Cantero, Álvaro L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E57323F1FD79515650C9BC9FEAFCA3B1">Horton, Tammy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8EC63E4CBF8813D7CE0ABBC33D498355">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="96F72972A5230E820D247CE392E3E124">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EA52D7A080DBB2531501544335F71064">2017-11-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D9E50472A735296E9430EFDD6DE5126E">4347</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="50BC632735D32859A8AFF37A04370F6B">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C1947E25ED57696CEB485F163A380CF4" type="CLB-Dataset">31577</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EDCDFB4BB0402DE0E4BCB64CD8968DFB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4347.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DB99814F5EB7FBFE7F2B586B440E978B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="921F7658596891DAF6213A5E0C395D1B" type="Zenodo-Dep">1044772</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F0943BFFD64D180BF8FB5CFBD910B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5248582" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137255855" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5248582" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F0943BFFD64D180BF8FB5CFBD910B0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F0943BFFD64D180BF8FB5CFBD910B0" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<subSubSection id="C34376A6FFD64D1E0BF8FB5CFEE41566" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD64D1E0BF8FB5CFD8E1545" blockId="10.[151,584,1266,1326]" box="[151,584,1266,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading id="D0AE9241FFD64D1E0BF8FB5CFD8E1545" bold="true" box="[151,584,1266,1293]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C595EAEFFD64D1E0BF8FB5CFD8E1545" authority="(M. Sars, 1863)" baseAuthorityName="M. Sars" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[151,584,1266,1293]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tiarannidae" genus="Stegopoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="plicatile">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD64D1E0BF8FB5CFD8E1545" bold="true" box="[151,584,1266,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD64D1E0BF8FB5CFE441544" bold="true" box="[151,386,1266,1292]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Stegopoma plicatile</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD64D1E0AFDFB5DFD861545" author="Sars" box="[402,576,1267,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Sars, M. (1863) Bemaerkninger over fire norske Hydroider. Forhandlinger i Videnskabsselscabet i Kristiania, 1862, 25 - 39." type="journal article" year="1863">M. Sars, 1863</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD64D1E0BF8FABBFEE41566" blockId="10.[151,584,1266,1326]" box="[151,290,1301,1326]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
(
<figureCitation id="136239A8FFD64D1E0BF0FABBFEDC1566" box="[159,282,1301,1326]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[256,1333,224,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[221,1362,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Modeeria rotunda (Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1827): A, hydrotheca; B, basal part of hydrotheca showing diaphragm (arrow). Stegolaria geniculata (Allman, 1888): C, hydrotheca (note geniculate arrangement); D, hydrotheca showing plicate operculum; E, basal part of hydrotheca showing diaphragm (arrow); F, detail of distal part of hydrotheca. Stegopoma plicatile (M. Sars, 1863): G, adnate hydrotheca; H, free hydrotheca. Scale bars: Scale bars: 200 µm (A, C-D, G-H), 100 µm (B, E – F)," httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1044780/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 4G–H</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34376A6FFD64D1E0BF8FAF0FCA9153B" box="[151,879,1373,1395]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD64D1E0BF8FAF0FCA9153B" blockId="10.[151,879,1373,1395]" box="[151,879,1373,1395]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C595EAEFFD64D1E0BF8FAF0FEA6153B" baseAuthorityName="M. Sars" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[151,352,1373,1395]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tiarannidae" genus="Stegopoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="plicatile">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD64D1E0BF8FAF0FEA6153B" box="[151,352,1373,1395]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Stegopoma plicatile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—Schuchert, 2001: 51–53, fig. 37A–E (synonymy).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34376A6FFD64D1E0BF8FA31FAE0166C" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD64D1E0BF8FA31FAB01595" blockId="10.[151,1437,1439,1933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD64D1E0BF8FA31FE2415F0" bold="true" box="[151,482,1439,1464]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Material examined. 9752#1,</emphasis>
several stems up to
<quantity id="4CA188C8FFD64D1E09ABFA31FCD415FF" box="[708,786,1439,1464]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
high, on axis of dead gorgonian, basibiont of
<taxonomicName id="4C595EAEFFD64D1E0E7DFA31FA5315F0" authorityName="Quelch" authorityYear="1885" box="[1298,1429,1439,1464]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Lafoeidae" genus="Zygophylax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD64D1E0E7DFA31FA5315F0" box="[1298,1429,1439,1464]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Zygophylax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, no gonothecae;
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD64D1E0A27FA6AFD901595" bold="true" box="[328,598,1476,1501]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Stn CE14011-BIO 217,</emphasis>
a fragmented colony (longest fragment,
<quantity id="4CA188C8FFD64D1E0F71FA6AFBBA1594" box="[1054,1148,1476,1501]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="105.0">105 mm</quantity>
long), no gonothecae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD64D1E0BA8FA46FAE0166C" blockId="10.[151,1437,1439,1933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Measurements (in µm).
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD64D1E0ABCFA49FD901648" box="[467,598,1511,1536]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Hydrotheca</emphasis>
: diameter at aperture 240–300, abcauline length 950, free part of adcauline length 50, adnate part of adcauline length 1000, adcauline length 1080, height, to the end of cusps 1200.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34376A6FFD64D1E0BA8F981FBED170C" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD64D1E0BA8F981FDEC16FD" blockId="10.[151,1437,1439,1933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD64D1E0BA8F981FEFD1600" bold="true" box="[199,315,1583,1608]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species is easily recognizable by the simultaneous presence of adnate and free hydrothecae. The adnate ones (
<figureCitation id="136239A8FFD64D1E0A34F9FAFE721624" box="[347,436,1620,1645]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[256,1333,224,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[221,1362,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Modeeria rotunda (Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1827): A, hydrotheca; B, basal part of hydrotheca showing diaphragm (arrow). Stegolaria geniculata (Allman, 1888): C, hydrotheca (note geniculate arrangement); D, hydrotheca showing plicate operculum; E, basal part of hydrotheca showing diaphragm (arrow); F, detail of distal part of hydrotheca. Stegopoma plicatile (M. Sars, 1863): G, adnate hydrotheca; H, free hydrotheca. Scale bars: Scale bars: 200 µm (A, C-D, G-H), 100 µm (B, E – F)," httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1044780/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
), alternately arranged in one plane, are tubiform, with the apical portion curved outwards. The free hydrothecae (
<figureCitation id="136239A8FFD64D1E0AFAF9D9FE2B16D8" box="[405,493,1655,1680]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[256,1333,224,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[221,1362,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. Modeeria rotunda (Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1827): A, hydrotheca; B, basal part of hydrotheca showing diaphragm (arrow). Stegolaria geniculata (Allman, 1888): C, hydrotheca (note geniculate arrangement); D, hydrotheca showing plicate operculum; E, basal part of hydrotheca showing diaphragm (arrow); F, detail of distal part of hydrotheca. Stegopoma plicatile (M. Sars, 1863): G, adnate hydrotheca; H, free hydrotheca. Scale bars: Scale bars: 200 µm (A, C-D, G-H), 100 µm (B, E – F)," httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1044780/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
) are on short pedicels that originate on the opposite side of each adnate hydrotheca, by the middle of the adcauline wall.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD64D1E0BA8F96EFBED170C" blockId="10.[151,1437,1439,1933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
See Schuchert (2001) for a recent discussion on its taxonomic history and
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD64D1E0F59F911FA851690" box="[1078,1347,1727,1752]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Schuchert, P., Hosia, A. &amp; Leclere, L. (2017) Identification of the polyp stage of three leptomedusa species using DNA barcoding. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 124, 167 - 182." type="journal article">
Schuchert
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD64D1E0FDEF96FFB2B1690" box="[1201,1261,1727,1752]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
(2017)
</bibRefCitation>
for the identification of the medusa stage, which belongs to
<taxonomicName id="4C595EAEFFD64D1E0983F94AFB1116B5" authority="Kramp &amp; Dumas, 1925" authorityName="Kramp &amp; Dumas" authorityYear="1925" box="[748,1239,1764,1789]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Ptychogena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD64D1E0983F94AFC0516B4" box="[748,963,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ptychogena crocea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD64D1E08A5F94BFB1116B5" author="Kramp" box="[970,1239,1764,1789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Kramp, P. L. &amp; Damas, D. (1925) Les meduses de la Norvege. Introduction et partie speciale. Videnskabelige meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorik Forening, 80, 217 - 323." type="journal article" year="1925">Kramp &amp; Dumas, 1925</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and a discussion on the validity of genus.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD64D1E0AD5F8A9FD041768" box="[442,706,1799,1824]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Schuchert, P., Hosia, A. &amp; Leclere, L. (2017) Identification of the polyp stage of three leptomedusa species using DNA barcoding. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 124, 167 - 182." type="journal article">
Schuchert
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD64D1E095CF8A7FDA81768" box="[563,622,1799,1824]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">et al.</emphasis>
(2017)
</bibRefCitation>
also considered that
<taxonomicName id="4C595EAEFFD64D1E08D7F8A6FBF41768" baseAuthorityName="M. Sars" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[952,1074,1799,1824]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tiarannidae" genus="Stegopoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="plicatile">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD64D1E08D7F8A6FBF41768" box="[952,1074,1799,1824]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">S. plicatile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most probably a complex of cryptic species and taxonomically considered it as a partial synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C595EAEFFD64D1E08D2F883FBE2170C" authorityName="Kramp &amp; Dumas" authorityYear="1925" box="[957,1060,1837,1860]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Laodiceidae" genus="Ptychogena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="crocea">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD64D1E08D2F883FBE2170C" box="[957,1060,1837,1860]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. crocea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34376A6FFD64D180BA8F8E1FBD910B0" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD64D1E0BA8F8E1FEB817C4" blockId="10.[151,1437,1439,1933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD64D1E0BA8F8E1FE3E1720" bold="true" box="[199,504,1871,1896]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ecology and distribution.</emphasis>
Reported from depths between 15 and
<quantity id="4CA188C8FFD64D1E08D8F8FEFBCB172F" box="[951,1037,1872,1896]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.94" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="1940.0">1940 m</quantity>
(Schuchert 2001); present material from
<quantity id="4CA188C8FFD64D1E0BBBF8DAFEBC17C4" box="[212,378,1908,1932]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.012" metricValueMax="1.042" metricValueMin="0.982" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="1012.0" valueMax="1042.0" valueMin="982.0">982 to 1042 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2675A5FFD74D1F0BF8F8D9FA4417A1" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1044780/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" targetBox="[256,1333,224,1848]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD74D1F0BF8F8D9FA4417A1" blockId="11.[151,1436,1911,2025]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD74D1F0BF8F8D9FED017C4" bold="true" box="[151,278,1911,1933]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C595EAEFFD74D1F0A4FF8D9FD3017C5" authority="(Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1827)" authorityName="Quoy &amp; Gaimard" authorityYear="1827" baseAuthorityName="Quoy &amp; Gaimard" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[288,758,1911,1933]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tiarannidae" genus="Modeeria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rotunda">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD74D1F0A4FF8D9FE1D17C5" box="[288,475,1911,1933]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Modeeria rotunda</emphasis>
(Quoy &amp; Gaimard, 1827)
</taxonomicName>
: A, hydrotheca; B, basal part of hydrotheca showing diaphragm (arrow).
<taxonomicName id="4C595EAEFFD74D1F0B9DF83BFDBE17E3" authority="(Allman, 1888)" authorityName="Allman" authorityYear="1888" baseAuthorityName="Allman" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[242,632,1941,1963]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tiarannidae" genus="Stegolaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="geniculata">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD74D1F0B9DF83BFE0817E3" box="[242,462,1941,1963]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stegolaria geniculata</emphasis>
(Allman, 1888)
</taxonomicName>
: C, hydrotheca (note geniculate arrangement); D, hydrotheca showing plicate operculum; E, basal part of hydrotheca showing diaphragm (arrow); F, detail of distal part of hydrotheca.
<taxonomicName id="4C595EAEFFD74D1F0FBDF81BFEFC17A1" authority="(M. Sars, 1863)" authorityName="M. Sars" authorityYear="1863" baseAuthorityName="M. Sars" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tiarannidae" genus="Stegopoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="plicatile">
<emphasis id="B92DF93FFFD74D1F0FBDF81BFA5A1782" box="[1234,1436,1972,1994]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stegopoma plicatile</emphasis>
(M. Sars, 1863)
</taxonomicName>
: G, adnate hydrotheca; H, free hydrotheca. Scale bars: Scale bars: 200 µm (A, C-D, G-H), 100 µm (B, E–F),
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE6252DFFD04D180BA8FF39FBD910B0" blockId="12.[151,1436,151,248]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Worldwide distribution (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC858DCFFD04D180A8AFF36FD0B10F8" author="Pena" box="[485,717,152,176]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L. (2014) Benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the continental shelf and slope off Queen Mary Coast (East Antarctica). Polar Biology, 37, 1711 - 1731. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00300 - 014 - 1556 - 0" type="journal article" year="2014">Peña Cantero 2014</bibRefCitation>
). Schuchert (2001) considered this species as predominantly circumarctic, although he indicated that it is also known from
<collectingCountry id="F34E65BDFFD04D18083AFF13FC28109D" box="[853,1006,188,213]" name="New Zealand" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
New
<collectingRegion id="499DEBCFFFD04D1808FEFF12FC28109D" box="[913,1006,188,213]" country="Netherlands" name="Zeeland" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Zealand</collectingRegion>
</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34E65BDFFD04D180895FF12FBB4109D" box="[1018,1138,188,213]" name="Antarctica" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
, far southern America and
<collectingCountry id="F34E65BDFFD04D180BF8FF71FEDF10B0" box="[151,281,223,248]" name="Philippines" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Philippines</collectingCountry>
. Our material comes from the Porcupine Seabight and Rockall Bank.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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