178 lines
23 KiB
XML
178 lines
23 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="254A66F94F4A7D5FD0148008A4612296">Pycnogonids (Arthropoda, Pycnogonida) from the Southwest Indian Ridge</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EF4106372A087DE8AB2BB8D504A505F9">Staples, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="67524818A871187394395BB14B8AF640">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03895C33290C4F19FF01FA5BFEF2FCC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5944906" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154435137" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5944906" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03895C33290C4F19FF01FA5BFEF2FCC5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03895C33290C4F19FF01FA5BFEF2FCC5" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="431" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">
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<subSubSection id="C33ABEAE290C4F1AFF01FA5BFD06F9FE" box="[151,646,1513,1539]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9FED25290C4F1AFF01FA5BFD06F9FE" blockId="29.[151,646,1513,1573]" box="[151,646,1513,1539]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">
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<heading id="D0D75A49290C4F1AFF01FA5BFD06F9FE" bold="true" box="[151,646,1513,1539]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9543137290C4F1AFF01FA5BFD06F9FE" bold="true" box="[151,646,1513,1539]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2096A6290C4F1AFF01FA5BFD02F9FE" ID-CoL="X89N" authority="Stock, 1974" authorityName="Stock" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,642,1513,1539]" class="Pycnogonida" family="Colossendeidae" genus="Colossendeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pantopoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melancholicus">
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<emphasis id="B9543137290C4F1AFF01FA5BFE6AF9FE" bold="true" box="[151,490,1513,1539]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">Colossendeis melancholicus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB190D4290C4F1AFE64FA5BFD02F9FE" author="Stock, J. H." box="[498,642,1513,1539]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" pagination="957 - 1092" refId="ref29300" refString="Stock, J. H. (1974) Pycnogonida from the continental shelf, slope, and deep-sea of the tropical Atlantic and East Pacific. Biological Results of the University of Miami Deep-Sea Expeditions, 108. Bulletin of Marine Science, 24 (4), 957 - 1092." type="journal article" year="1974">Stock, 1974</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33ABEAE290C4F1AFF01F9BEFE99F9D9" box="[151,281,1548,1573]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9FED25290C4F1AFF01F9BEFE99F9D9" blockId="29.[151,646,1513,1573]" box="[151,281,1548,1573]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">
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<figureCitation id="131BF1A0290C4F1AFF01F9BEFE99F9D9" box="[151,281,1548,1573]" captionStart="PLATE 5" captionStartId="44.[151,234,1740,1762]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,193,1718]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="PLATE 5. Colossendeis sp. A, proboscis lateral; B, palp. Colossendeis melancholicus. C, specimen on rock wall. D, specimen with proboscis inserted into Isactinernus quadrilobatus. Hedgpethia filamentus sp. nov., holotype. E, trunk, lateral view; F, trunk, dorsal view. Hedgpethia shalei sp. nov., holotype. G, trunk, lateral view; H, trunk, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2598997/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">Plate 5C, D</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33ABEAE290C4F1AFF01F9E6FC9DF975" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9FED25290C4F1AFF01F9E6FC15F997" blockId="29.[151,917,1620,1672]" box="[151,917,1620,1642]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30CA0B290C4F1AFF01F9E6FC15F997" box="[151,917,1620,1642]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2096A6290C4F1AFF01F9E6FDE7F997" ID-CoL="X89N" authority="Stock, 1974: 988" authorityName="Stock" authorityPageNumber="988" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,615,1620,1642]" class="Pycnogonida" family="Colossendeidae" genus="Colossendeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pantopoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melancholicus">
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<emphasis id="B9543137290C4F1AFF01F9E6FE36F997" box="[151,438,1620,1642]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">Colossendeis melancholicus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A81CB34290C4F1AFE2DF9E6FDE7F997" author="Stock, J. H." box="[443,615,1620,1642]" page="988" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" year="1974">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB190D4290C4F1AFE2DF9E6FDB8F997" author="Stock, J. H." box="[443,568,1620,1642]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" pagination="957 - 1092" refId="ref29300" refString="Stock, J. H. (1974) Pycnogonida from the continental shelf, slope, and deep-sea of the tropical Atlantic and East Pacific. Biological Results of the University of Miami Deep-Sea Expeditions, 108. Bulletin of Marine Science, 24 (4), 957 - 1092." type="journal article" year="1974">Stock, 1974</bibRefCitation>
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: 988
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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–990.—
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<treatmentCitation id="0A81CB34290C4F1AFD2CF9E6FCE9F997" author="Staples, D. A." box="[698,873,1620,1642]" page="79" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" year="2007">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB190D4290C4F1AFD2CF9E6FCC5F997" author="Staples, D. A." box="[698,837,1620,1642]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" pagination="79 - 94" refId="ref28958" refString="Staples, D. A. (2007) A new species of Colossendeis (Pycnogonida: Colossendeidae) together with records from Australian and New Zealand waters. Memoirs of Museum Fictoria, 64, 79 - 94." type="journal article" year="2007">Staples, 2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 79
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</treatmentCitation>
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–94.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9FED25290C4F1AFF01F9C0FC9DF975" blockId="29.[151,917,1620,1672]" box="[151,797,1650,1672]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB30CA0B290C4F1AFF01F9C0FC9DF975" box="[151,797,1650,1672]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2096A6290C4F1AFF01F9C0FDBDF975" ID-CoL="5ZMGD" authority="Turpaeva, 1994: 91" authorityName="Turpaeva" authorityPageNumber="91" authorityYear="1994" box="[151,573,1650,1672]" class="Pycnogonida" family="Colossendeidae" genus="Colossendeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pantopoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rostrata">
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<emphasis id="B9543137290C4F1AFF01F9C0FEF4F975" box="[151,372,1650,1672]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">Colossendeis rostrata</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A81CB34290C4F1AFEECF9C1FDBDF975" author="Turpaeva, E. P." box="[378,573,1650,1672]" page="91" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" year="1994">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB190D4290C4F1AFEECF9C1FD9BF975" author="Turpaeva, E. P." box="[378,539,1650,1672]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" pagination="91 - 96" refId="ref29568" refString="Turpaeva, E. P. (1994) A new species of Colossendeis (Pycnogonida) and some remarks on morphological features of the species of the genus Colossendeis belonging to the complex " macerrima ". Zoologichesky Zhurnal, 73 (9), 91 - 96." type="journal article" year="1994">Turpaeva, 1994</bibRefCitation>
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: 91
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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–96 (new synonymy).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33ABEAE290C4F1AFF01F907FC97F8C7" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8B9FED25290C4F1AFF01F907FC97F8C7" blockId="29.[151,1437,1717,2030]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">
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<emphasis id="B9543137290C4F1AFF01F907FE00F933" bold="true" box="[151,384,1717,1742]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">Material examined.</emphasis>
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One specimen (NHMUK 2018.36), Southwest Indian Ocean,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2096A6290C4F1AFBAFF907FB57F933" authority="Bank" authorityName="Bank" box="[1081,1239,1717,1742]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Atlantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Atlantis Bank</taxonomicName>
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, 32˚ 43. 20'S, 57˚ 15. 39'E, parent no. 2615, 1117 m, specimen JC066-3846, stn event 8.5,
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<date id="FF9ECBE5290C4F1AFB93F968FB68F90F" box="[1029,1256,1753,1778]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" value="2011-12-10">10 December 2011</date>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B48E778290C4F1AFB61F968FC93F8C7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2013824377" collectingDate="2011-12-10" collectionCode="NHMUK" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" specimenCode="NHMUK 2018.37" specimenCount="1">
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One specimen (
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<specimenCode id="DB86455E290C4F1AFF08F94CFEF2F8EB" box="[158,370,1790,1814]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" type="Museum">NHMUK 2018.37</specimenCode>
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), Southwest Indian Ocean,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2096A6290C4F1AFD31F94FFCC6F8EB" authority="Bank" authorityName="Bank" box="[679,838,1789,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Atlantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Atlantis Bank</taxonomicName>
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, 32˚ 43. 20'S, 57˚ 15. 39'E, parent no. 2615, 1117 m, specimen JC066-3847, stn event 8.5,
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<date id="FF9ECBE5290C4F1AFDADF890FC93F8C7" box="[571,787,1825,1850]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" value="2011-12-10">
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<collectingDate id="EFDA320D290C4F1AFDADF890FC93F8C7" box="[571,787,1825,1850]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" value="2011-12-10">10 December 2011</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33ABEAE290C4F1AFF51F8F7FF34F858" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B9FED25290C4F1AFF51F8F7FF34F858" blockId="29.[151,1437,1717,2030]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">
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<emphasis id="B9543137290C4F1AFF51F8F7FEE0F8A3" bold="true" box="[199,352,1861,1886]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Grand Bahama I., West Atlantic Ocean; off
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<collectingCountry id="F337ADB5290C4F1AFCC5F8F7FC30F8A3" box="[851,944,1861,1886]" name="Jamaica" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
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, Caribbean Sea, (unpublished); Tasman Sea (west coast Tasmania); Gulf of
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<collectingCountry id="F337ADB5290C4F1AFE6DF8DBFDCFF87F" box="[507,591,1897,1922]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">Guinea</collectingCountry>
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, East Atlantic Ocean; Southern Ocean, Southwest Indian Ridge.
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<quantity id="4CD840C0290C4F1AFABAF8DBFF30F858" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1275" metricValueMax="1.755" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" unit="m" value="1127.5" valueMax="1755.0" valueMin="500.0">500–1755 m</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33ABEAE290C4F19FF51F803FEF2FCC5" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="431" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" type="discussion">
|
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<paragraph id="8B9FED25290C4F19FF51F803FE75FD55" blockId="29.[151,1437,1717,2030]" lastBlockId="30.[151,1436,151,824]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="431" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">
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<emphasis id="B9543137290C4F1AFF51F803FEBBF837" bold="true" box="[199,315,1969,1994]" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">Remarks.</emphasis>
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The leg span of the largest specimen here is about
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<quantity id="4CD840C0290C4F1AFC14F803FC49F834" box="[898,969,1969,1994]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" unit="cm" value="54.0">54 cm</quantity>
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and the other about
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<quantity id="4CD840C0290C4F1AFB25F800FB7CF834" box="[1203,1276,1970,1994]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" unit="cm" value="47.0">47 cm</quantity>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C2096A6290C4F1AFA9EF803FEB9F813" authorityName="Stock" authorityYear="1974" class="Pycnogonida" family="Colossendeidae" genus="Colossendeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pantopoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melancholicus">
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<emphasis id="B9543137290C4F1AFA9EF803FEB9F813" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="430">Colossendeis melancholicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a distinctive species on account of the proboscis length which approaches three times the trunk length, here 2.9 times in the larger specimen and 2.8 times the trunk length in the smaller specimen. The proboscis lengths are about 16 and 14 times their greatest widths respectively. The proboscis is very slightly inflated at about 45% of its length. These specimens are larger than specimens collected previously but agree with the
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<typeStatus id="549B5387290F4F19FA8AFF6DFAFEFF05" box="[1308,1406,223,248]" pageId="30" pageNumber="431" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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in all significant respects; in particular they agree in all proportions and share the characteristic long, curved proboscis. The length of the tarsus varies between legs in the same specimen from being equal to the propodus length to being almost two times. The first legs are shorter than the second legs but also vary in length within and between specimens from not reaching the distal margin of tibia 2 to one-third the length of the tarsus. Live specimens are uniformly orange in colour (
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<figureCitation id="131BF1A0290F4F19FD02FE26FD7AFE50" box="[660,762,404,429]" captionStart="PLATE 5" captionStartId="44.[151,234,1740,1762]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,193,1718]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="PLATE 5. Colossendeis sp. A, proboscis lateral; B, palp. Colossendeis melancholicus. C, specimen on rock wall. D, specimen with proboscis inserted into Isactinernus quadrilobatus. Hedgpethia filamentus sp. nov., holotype. E, trunk, lateral view; F, trunk, dorsal view. Hedgpethia shalei sp. nov., holotype. G, trunk, lateral view; H, trunk, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2598997/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="431">Plate 5C</figureCitation>
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) and were observed mostly on vertical cliff faces on the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2096A6290F4F19FF01FE05FEB7FE2D" authority="Bank" authorityName="Bank" box="[151,311,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Atlantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="431" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9543137290F4F19FF01FE05FEB7FE2D" box="[151,311,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="431">Atlantis Bank</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in association with pink, four-lobed anemones (
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<taxonomicName id="4C2096A6290F4F19FC1DFE0BFB41FE2D" authorityName="Carlgren" authorityYear="1918" box="[907,1217,439,464]" class="Anthozoa" family="Actinernidae" genus="Isactinernus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="30" pageNumber="431" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quadrilobatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9543137290F4F19FC1DFE0BFB41FE2D" box="[907,1217,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="431">Isactinernus quadrilobatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). They were also observed on open seabed with no direct associations apparent although the same species of anemone was common in the area. One specimen on a vertical rock face was seen with its proboscis inserted deep inside the anemone (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131BF1A0290F4F19FF08FD96FE86FDC0" box="[158,262,548,573]" captionStart="PLATE 5" captionStartId="44.[151,234,1740,1762]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,193,1718]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="PLATE 5. Colossendeis sp. A, proboscis lateral; B, palp. Colossendeis melancholicus. C, specimen on rock wall. D, specimen with proboscis inserted into Isactinernus quadrilobatus. Hedgpethia filamentus sp. nov., holotype. E, trunk, lateral view; F, trunk, dorsal view. Hedgpethia shalei sp. nov., holotype. G, trunk, lateral view; H, trunk, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2598997/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="431">Plate 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
) but whether this pycnogonid was feeding on the gut contents of the anemone or body tissue is not known. No obviously dead or atrophied anemones were apparent at the site. On the basis of deep-sea images posted on the internet this species has a much wider distribution than is presently understood. This is the southern-most record of this deep-sea species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FED25290F4F19FF51FD07FA9DFD0D" blockId="30.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="30" pageNumber="431">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB190D4290F4F19FF51FD07FE01FD31" author="Turpaeva, E. P." box="[199,385,692,716]" pageId="30" pageNumber="431" pagination="91 - 96" refId="ref29568" refString="Turpaeva, E. P. (1994) A new species of Colossendeis (Pycnogonida) and some remarks on morphological features of the species of the genus Colossendeis belonging to the complex " macerrima ". Zoologichesky Zhurnal, 73 (9), 91 - 96." type="journal article" year="1994">Turpaeva (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
appears to have been unaware of Stock’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2096A6290F4F19FCC7FD07FB93FD30" authorityName="Stock" authorityYear="1974" box="[849,1043,692,717]" class="Pycnogonida" family="Colossendeidae" genus="Colossendeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pantopoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="431" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melancholicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9543137290F4F19FCC7FD07FB93FD30" box="[849,1043,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="431">C. melancholicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from which her species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2096A6290F4F19FAB5FD07FEC5FD0D" authority="Turpaeva, 1994" authorityName="Turpaeva" authorityYear="1994" class="Pycnogonida" family="Colossendeidae" genus="Colossendeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pantopoda" pageId="30" pageNumber="431" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rostrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9543137290F4F19FAB5FD07FA1CFD31" box="[1315,1436,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="431">C. rostrata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB190D4290F4F19FF01FD6AFEC5FD0D" author="Turpaeva, E. P." box="[151,325,728,752]" pageId="30" pageNumber="431" pagination="91 - 96" refId="ref29568" refString="Turpaeva, E. P. (1994) A new species of Colossendeis (Pycnogonida) and some remarks on morphological features of the species of the genus Colossendeis belonging to the complex " macerrima ". Zoologichesky Zhurnal, 73 (9), 91 - 96." type="journal article" year="1994">Turpaeva, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
collected from the Gulf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337ADB5290F4F19FDEEFD65FD49FD0D" box="[632,713,727,752]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="30" pageNumber="431">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
is indistinguishable. These species are synonymised.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9FED25290F4F19FF51FD4EFEF2FCC5" blockId="30.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="30" pageNumber="431">
|
||
Distribution Florida Straits, Caribbean region, South West Indian Ridge, Gulf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337ADB5290F4F19FBDAFD4EFB1DFCE8" box="[1100,1181,764,789]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="30" pageNumber="431">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
and off Tasmania.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD840C0290F4F19FAE4FD4EFF2DFCCA" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="431" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CD840C0290F4F19FF46FCADFEA5FCCA" box="[208,293,799,824]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.755" pageId="30" pageNumber="431" unit="m" value="1755.0">1755 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |