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<document id="0458F0011063A73F3B963EC4B6D8A319" ID-DOI="10.1080/14772019.2021.1938264" ID-ISSN="1478-0941" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10883641" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1711485737370" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Trabelsi, Khaled, Sames, Benjamin, Wagreich, Michael, K ́ azm ́, Miklos, , Andrea Mindszen &amp; Mart ́ ın-Clo, d Carles" docDate="2021" docId="613EBD64C17DFF90AD60F9C1FBE9D549" docLanguage="en" docName="JSystPalaeontol.19.7.541-563.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 19 (7)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2021.1938264" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6400638016C1F4AE0D0B6502E032D571.1:JSystPalaeontol.2016-.journal_article.closed" docStyleId="6400638016C1F4AE0D0B6502E032D571" docStyleName="JSystPalaeontol.2016-.journal_article.closed" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Raskyella peckii var. vadaszii" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="548" masterDocId="9D07C51CC17AFF98AE39FFEDFFF1D71D" masterDocTitle="A new diverse charophyte flora and biozonation of the Eocene bauxite cover-sequence at G ant (V ertes Hills, Hungary)" masterLastPageNumber="563" masterPageNumber="541" pageNumber="547" updateTime="1712667368446" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:title id="C4C1A2026D2F8816B435F2CF462EC773">A new diverse charophyte flora and biozonation of the Eocene bauxite cover-sequence at G ant (V ertes Hills, Hungary)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E9CD0D9D5D55D046C89BFC5BF2DFF661">Trabelsi, Khaled</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D70AD54F432A8AB4C1DD14762A480F40">Universit ́ e de Sfax, Facult ́ e des Sciences de Sfax, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia; &amp; Universit ́ e de Tunis El Manar II, Facult ́ e des Sciences de Tunis, LR 18 ES 07, C. P. 2092, Tunis, Tunisia; &amp; Department of Geology, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="033BA08F7C4614FA15A2CAD1B7EF760A">Sames, Benjamin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="86CEB90D6750A4C7FC97652B6F775BDE">Department of Geology, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; &amp; Sam Noble Museum, University of Oklahoma, 2401 Chautauqua Ave, Norman, OK 73072, USA;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="54DA6F7DA5A3213F5AD1CFDD3EA4C2FF">Wagreich, Michael</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="ECB8E3274B7E48EEF7E3C56B0E05BF5F">Department of Geology, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6D061AB64889DAFDB3FEEFF0FB675744">K ́ azm ́, Miklos</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="89CD6A3A2DF6FEDCAAF347DFEEDC205A">Department of Palaeontology &amp; MTA-ELTE Geological, Geophysical and Space Science Research Group, Eotvos Lorand University, Pazmany P ́ eter s ́ etany 1 / C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="52CC34D46CE4B0317E6B5B982CF728EB">, Andrea Mindszen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="57B509A541527677DC2CE57CD86BC3A2">Mart ́ ın-Clo, d Carles</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="E9280C72C17DFF9FAD60F9C1FA82D179" blockId="7.[857,1454,1580,1674]" pageId="7" pageNumber="547">
<heading id="B260BB1EC17DFF9FAD60F9C1FA82D179" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="547" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17DFF9FAD60F9C1FC23D179" authority="(Grambast &amp; Grambast, 1954)" baseAuthorityName="Grambast &amp; Grambast" baseAuthorityYear="1954" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="7" pageNumber="547" phylum="Charophyta" rank="variety" species="peckii" variety="vadaszii">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17DFF9FAD60F9C1FBFFD15E" bold="true" box="[857,1038,1580,1603]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="547">Raskyella peckii</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17DFF9FAA71F9C1FB6ED15E" bold="true" box="[1096,1183,1580,1603]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="547">vadaszii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C17DFF9FAA89F9C1FA5FD15E" author="Grambast, L. &amp; Grambast, N." box="[1200,1454,1580,1603]" pageId="7" pageNumber="547" pagination="665 - 671" refId="ref11138" refString="Grambast, L. &amp; Grambast, N. 1954. Sur la position syst´ematique de quelques Charophytes tertiaires. Revue G´en´erale de Botanique, 61, 665 - 671." type="journal article" year="1954">Grambast &amp; Grambast,</bibRefCitation>
1954)
</taxonomicName>
comb. nov. Trabelsi &amp; Mart́ın-Closas
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C17DFF9FAA7AF99FFB35D194" box="[1091,1220,1650,1674]" pageId="7" pageNumber="547" type="description">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17DFF9FAA7AF99FFB35D194" blockId="7.[857,1454,1580,1674]" box="[1091,1220,1650,1674]" pageId="7" pageNumber="547">
(
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C17DFF9FAA75F99FFB4DD194" box="[1100,1212,1650,1674]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[159,226,2005,2026]" captionTargetBox="[177,1459,200,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-1@9.[162,1471,188,1984]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Raskyella peckii vadaszii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence (A–S, samples G-6a and G-6b, HNHM-PBO 1517–1534). A–K, lateral view; L–P, apical view; Q, basal view; R, S, inside wall of a gyrogonite showing the crenate undulation of the cellular sutures in contact with the spiral cells and the apical cells." pageId="7" pageNumber="547">Fig. 6A–S</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C17DFF90AD75F93BFD4DD528" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="548" pageId="7" pageNumber="547" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17DFF9FAD75F93BFBB2D012" blockId="7.[844,1467,1749,1807]" pageId="7" pageNumber="547">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17DFF9FAD75F93BFC35D1F0" bold="true" box="[844,964,1750,1773]" pageId="7" pageNumber="547">Basionym.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17DFF9FADE3F93BFB56D1F0" authorityName="Trabelsi &amp; Sames &amp; Wagreich &amp; Ḱazḿ &amp;  &amp; Mart́ın-Clo" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Trabelsi &amp; Sames &amp; Wagreich &amp; Ḱazḿ &amp;  &amp; Mart́ın-Clo" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[986,1191,1750,1773]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="7" pageNumber="547" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="vadaszi">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17DFF9FADE3F93BFB56D1F0" box="[986,1191,1750,1773]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="547">Raskyella vadaszi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Ŕasky) 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C17DFF9FAB11F93BFBF4D012" author="Grambast, L. &amp; Grambast, N." pageId="7" pageNumber="547" pagination="665 - 671" refId="ref11138" refString="Grambast, L. &amp; Grambast, N. 1954. Sur la position syst´ematique de quelques Charophytes tertiaires. Revue G´en´erale de Botanique, 61, 665 - 671." type="journal article" year="1954">Grambast &amp; Grambast (1954)</bibRefCitation>
, 670.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17DFF9FAD73F8D8FC14D070" blockId="7.[842,1466,1843,1902]" pageId="7" pageNumber="547">
1945 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17DFF9FADB7F8D8FB84D051" authority="Trabelsi &amp; Sames &amp; Wagreich &amp; Ḱazḿ &amp;  &amp; Mart́ın-Clo, 2021" authorityName="Trabelsi &amp; Sames &amp; Wagreich &amp; Ḱazḿ &amp;  &amp; Mart́ın-Clo" authorityYear="2021" box="[910,1141,1845,1868]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Aclistochara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="7" pageNumber="547" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="vadaszi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17DFF9FADB7F8D8FB84D051" box="[910,1141,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="547">Aclistochara vadaszi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0D06D1BC17DFF9FAABDF8D8FB11D051" box="[1156,1248,1845,1868]" pageId="7" pageNumber="547" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Ŕasky: 45, pl. II, figs 22–24.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AEA5FF50FE92D7E9" blockId="8.[156,781,189,565]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1954 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90AED3FF50FE4AD7C9" authorityName="Trabelsi &amp; Sames &amp; Wagreich &amp; Ḱazḿ &amp;  &amp; Mart́ın-Clo" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Trabelsi &amp; Sames &amp; Wagreich &amp; Ḱazḿ &amp;  &amp; Mart́ın-Clo" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[234,443,189,212]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="vadaszi" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AED3FF50FE4AD7C9" box="[234,443,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Raskyella vadaszi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0D06D1BC172FF90AFEDFF50FDAED7C9" box="[468,607,189,212]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Grambast &amp; Grambast: 670.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AEA5FF10FD05D609" blockId="8.[156,781,189,565]" box="[156,756,252,276]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1957 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90AEE3FF10FDE1D609" authority="Grambast" authorityName="Grambast" box="[218,528,253,276]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="vadaszi">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AEE3FF10FE6AD609" box="[218,411,253,276]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Raskyella vadaszi</emphasis>
Grambast
</taxonomicName>
: 358, pl. 5, figs 1–6.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AEA5FEF0FEEAD649" blockId="8.[156,781,189,565]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1959 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90AEDEFEF0FDF1D629" authority="Horn" authorityName="Horn" box="[231,512,285,308]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="vadaszi">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AEDEFEF0FE45D629" box="[231,436,285,308]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Raskyella vadaszi</emphasis>
Horn
</taxonomicName>
af Rantzien: pl. 20, figs 1–3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AEA5FEB0FEEBD689" blockId="8.[156,781,189,565]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1981 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90AEE2FEB0FDA9D669" authority="Anadon &amp; Feist" authorityName="Anadon &amp; Feist" box="[219,600,349,372]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="vadaszi">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AEE2FEB0FE6AD669" box="[219,411,349,372]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Raskyella vadaszi</emphasis>
Anadon &amp; Feist
</taxonomicName>
: pl. 1, fig. 5; pl. 2, fig. 5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AEA5FE70FE47D6C9" blockId="8.[156,781,189,565]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1981 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90AEE5FE70FE3FD6A9" box="[220,462,413,436]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="vadaszi">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AEE5FE70FEB5D6A9" box="[220,324,413,436]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Raskyella</emphasis>
aff. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AF47FE70FE3FD6A9" box="[382,462,413,436]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">vadaszi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Anad́on &amp; Feist: pl. 1, figs 3, 4; pl. 2, figs 1, 2, 6.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AEA5FE30FED8D508" blockId="8.[156,781,189,565]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1985 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90AED1FE30FD80D6E9" authority="Bignot et al." authorityName="Bignot" box="[232,625,477,500]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="vadaszi">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AED1FE30FE47D6E9" box="[232,438,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Raskyella vadaszi</emphasis>
Bignot 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AC15FE30FD9AD6E9" box="[556,619,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">et al</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicName>
: 36, pl. 3, figs 8–11.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AEA5FDF3FD4DD528" blockId="8.[156,781,189,565]" box="[156,700,541,565]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1986 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90AEE3FDF3FDF2D528" authority="Riveline" authorityName="Riveline" box="[218,515,542,565]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="vadaszi">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AEE3FDF3FE6AD528" box="[218,411,542,565]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Raskyella vadaszi</emphasis>
Riveline
</taxonomicName>
: pl. 37, figs 1–6.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C172FF90AEA6FDA3FE44D5B8" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AEA6FDA3FE44D5B8" blockId="8.[159,782,590,678]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AEA6FDA3FEF8D578" bold="true" box="[159,265,590,613]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Material.</emphasis>
Hundreds of gyrogonites in samples G-6a and G-6b. Collection numbers of figured specimens: 
<collectionCode id="8F8694B7C172FF90AEA6FD63FEDCD5B8" box="[159,301,654,677]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">HNHM-PBO</collectionCode>
1517–1534.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C172FF90AEA6FD53FEBCD1C1" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" type="description">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AEA6FD53FEBCD1C1" blockId="8.[159,781,702,1756]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AEA6FD53FEDBD5C8" bold="true" box="[159,298,702,725]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Description.</emphasis>
Large sized gyrogonites (800–1150 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90ACD0FD53FD09D5CB" bold="true" box="[745,760,702,726]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
<collectionCode id="8F8694B7C172FF90ACD0FD53FD09D5CB" box="[745,760,702,726]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
m high and 800–1150 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AF42FD33FE7BD5EB" bold="true" box="[379,394,734,758]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
<collectionCode id="8F8694B7C172FF90AF42FD33FE7BD5EB" box="[379,394,734,758]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
m wide) of oblate to ovoidal shape (
<collectionCode id="8F8694B7C172FF90AE9FFD12FF39D40B" box="[166,200,767,790]" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b27w-7z36" name="Geological Museum, Indian Statistical Institute" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">ISI</collectionCode>
80–120), showing laterally 7–10 (usually nine) convolutions (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90AF21FCF2FEADD42B" box="[280,348,799,822]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[159,226,1051,1072]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1030]" captionTargetId="figure-366@10.[159,1467,188,1030]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Frequency distribution of A, height, B, width, C, number of convolutions, and D, height/width ratio (ISI) of the Raskyella peckii var. vadaszii population (50 gyrogonites measured), from samples G-6a and G-6b in the bauxite cover-sequence of the Ǵant section." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Spiral cells often convex and ornamented with stout tubercles of different shapes and sizes, in most cases oriented parallel to the intercellular sutures (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90AF38FC92FE88D48B" box="[257,377,895,919]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[159,226,2005,2026]" captionTargetBox="[177,1459,200,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-1@9.[162,1471,188,1984]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Raskyella peckii vadaszii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence (A–S, samples G-6a and G-6b, HNHM-PBO 1517–1534). A–K, lateral view; L–P, apical view; Q, basal view; R, S, inside wall of a gyrogonite showing the crenate undulation of the cellular sutures in contact with the spiral cells and the apical cells." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 6A–C</figureCitation>
), or more rarely tilted 20–30 
<superScript id="1EE2A13AC172FF90ACEBFC96FD2AD491" attach="left" box="[722,731,891,908]" fontSize="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Ǫ</superScript>
but keeping parallelism between adjacent nodules (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90ACDAFC4DFF2CD4CA" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[159,226,2005,2026]" captionTargetBox="[177,1459,200,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-1@9.[162,1471,188,1984]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Raskyella peckii vadaszii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence (A–S, samples G-6a and G-6b, HNHM-PBO 1517–1534). A–K, lateral view; L–P, apical view; Q, basal view; R, S, inside wall of a gyrogonite showing the crenate undulation of the cellular sutures in contact with the spiral cells and the apical cells." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 6E–G</figureCitation>
), this being a diagnostic character of this morphotype. Three tubercle morphologies have been observed: (1) rounded tubercles, well individualized in the upper half of the gyrogonite, but fused to neighbouring tubercles in the lower half (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90AFDFFBACFDAAD345" box="[486,603,1089,1112]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[159,226,2005,2026]" captionTargetBox="[177,1459,200,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-1@9.[162,1471,188,1984]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Raskyella peckii vadaszii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence (A–S, samples G-6a and G-6b, HNHM-PBO 1517–1534). A–K, lateral view; L–P, apical view; Q, basal view; R, S, inside wall of a gyrogonite showing the crenate undulation of the cellular sutures in contact with the spiral cells and the apical cells." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 6I, K</figureCitation>
); (2) elongated tubercles more or less connected to each other and producing slightly wavy (undulated) sutures (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90AC4FFB6CFD3AD385" box="[630,715,1153,1176]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[159,226,2005,2026]" captionTargetBox="[177,1459,200,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-1@9.[162,1471,188,1984]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Raskyella peckii vadaszii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence (A–S, samples G-6a and G-6b, HNHM-PBO 1517–1534). A–K, lateral view; L–P, apical view; Q, basal view; R, S, inside wall of a gyrogonite showing the crenate undulation of the cellular sutures in contact with the spiral cells and the apical cells." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 6H</figureCitation>
); and (3) irregularly alternating round and elongated tubercles (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90AE91FB2FFEF1D3C4" box="[168,256,1218,1241]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[159,226,2005,2026]" captionTargetBox="[177,1459,200,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-1@9.[162,1471,188,1984]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Raskyella peckii vadaszii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence (A–S, samples G-6a and G-6b, HNHM-PBO 1517–1534). A–K, lateral view; L–P, apical view; Q, basal view; R, S, inside wall of a gyrogonite showing the crenate undulation of the cellular sutures in contact with the spiral cells and the apical cells." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
). Base of gyrogonite rounded (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90AC57FB2FFD13D3C4" box="[622,738,1218,1241]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[159,226,2005,2026]" captionTargetBox="[177,1459,200,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-1@9.[162,1471,188,1984]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Raskyella peckii vadaszii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence (A–S, samples G-6a and G-6b, HNHM-PBO 1517–1534). A–K, lateral view; L–P, apical view; Q, basal view; R, S, inside wall of a gyrogonite showing the crenate undulation of the cellular sutures in contact with the spiral cells and the apical cells." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 6C, J</figureCitation>
) to slightly tapered (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90AF50FB0FFE00D3E4" box="[361,497,1250,1273]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[159,226,2005,2026]" captionTargetBox="[177,1459,200,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-1@9.[162,1471,188,1984]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Raskyella peckii vadaszii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence (A–S, samples G-6a and G-6b, HNHM-PBO 1517–1534). A–K, lateral view; L–P, apical view; Q, basal view; R, S, inside wall of a gyrogonite showing the crenate undulation of the cellular sutures in contact with the spiral cells and the apical cells." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 6A, G</figureCitation>
) and showing a small, superficial and pentagonal basal pore, sometimes within a less-marked funnel (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90AF92FACFFDF6D224" box="[427,519,1314,1337]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[159,226,2005,2026]" captionTargetBox="[177,1459,200,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-1@9.[162,1471,188,1984]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Raskyella peckii vadaszii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence (A–S, samples G-6a and G-6b, HNHM-PBO 1517–1534). A–K, lateral view; L–P, apical view; Q, basal view; R, S, inside wall of a gyrogonite showing the crenate undulation of the cellular sutures in contact with the spiral cells and the apical cells." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 6Q</figureCitation>
). Apex of gyrogonite truncated or broadly rounded and covered by five independent opercular cells at the end of the spiral cells. Opercular cells roughly prismatic, with its outer surface concave, flat or slightly convex (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90AC44FA4EFD0DD2A7" box="[637,764,1443,1466]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[159,226,2005,2026]" captionTargetBox="[177,1459,200,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-1@9.[162,1471,188,1984]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Raskyella peckii vadaszii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence (A–S, samples G-6a and G-6b, HNHM-PBO 1517–1534). A–K, lateral view; L–P, apical view; Q, basal view; R, S, inside wall of a gyrogonite showing the crenate undulation of the cellular sutures in contact with the spiral cells and the apical cells." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 6L, M</figureCitation>
). Germinated specimens show a rounded or rose-like opening (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90AF2BFA09FE7DD2E6" box="[274,396,1507,1531]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[159,226,2005,2026]" captionTargetBox="[177,1459,200,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-1@9.[162,1471,188,1984]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Raskyella peckii vadaszii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence (A–S, samples G-6a and G-6b, HNHM-PBO 1517–1534). A–K, lateral view; L–P, apical view; Q, basal view; R, S, inside wall of a gyrogonite showing the crenate undulation of the cellular sutures in contact with the spiral cells and the apical cells." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 6N–P</figureCitation>
). The inside of the gyrogonite allows observation of a characteristic crenulation of the intercellular sutures near their internal side (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90ACD8F9C9FF1DD141" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[159,226,2005,2026]" captionTargetBox="[177,1459,200,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-1@9.[162,1471,188,1984]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Raskyella peckii vadaszii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence (A–S, samples G-6a and G-6b, HNHM-PBO 1517–1534). A–K, lateral view; L–P, apical view; Q, basal view; R, S, inside wall of a gyrogonite showing the crenate undulation of the cellular sutures in contact with the spiral cells and the apical cells." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 6R, S</figureCitation>
), while, to the outside, sutures are flat. Besides, this crenulation occurs also between the opercule cells themselves and between spiral and opercule cells as already described by Feist in Anad́on &amp; Feist (1981).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C172FF90AEA6F918FBE9D549" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AEA6F918FBE9D549" blockId="8.[159,781,1780,1901]" lastBlockId="8.[844,1467,189,596]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AEA6F918FEC0D011" bold="true" box="[159,305,1781,1804]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90AF04F918FE46D011" box="[317,439,1781,1804]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="vadaszii">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AF04F918FEBCD011" box="[317,333,1781,1804]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">R</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AF59F918FE46D011" box="[352,439,1781,1804]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">vadaszii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was first described by Ŕasky (1945) from middle Eocene borehole samples (
<quantity id="2E6FA197C172FF90ACF5F8FBFCFCD030" box="[716,781,1814,1837]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</quantity>
depth) at Ǵant, in beds roughly equivalent laterally to the outcrop succession studied here. Therefore, the samples studied may be considered 
<typeStatus id="362CB2D0C172FF90AB75FF50FA46D7C9" box="[1356,1463,189,212]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" type="topotype">topotypes</typeStatus>
. Subsequently, the age of this 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90AA9DFF30FAD2D7E9" box="[1188,1315,221,244]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" rank="variety" variety="was">variety was</taxonomicName>
suggested to be upper Bartonian by Bignot 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AAA7FF10FB3ED609" box="[1182,1231,253,276]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">et al</emphasis>
. (1985) based on the associated microfossils (foraminifers, ostracods and pollen) from the same beds of the bauxite cover-sequence at the Ǵant section (V́ertes Hills). 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90AAF1FEB0FA4BD669" box="[1224,1466,349,372]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="variety" species="peckii" variety="vadaszii">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AAF1FEB0FB29D669" box="[1224,1240,349,372]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">R</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AAD1FEB0FAD9D669" box="[1256,1320,349,372]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">peckii</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AB5AFEB0FA4BD669" box="[1379,1466,349,372]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">vadaszii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has also been well documented in 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C172FF90AAEEFE90FAD3D689" box="[1239,1314,381,404]" name="France" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">France</collectingCountry>
, in the upper Bartonian of the Paris Basin (
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C172FF90AA81FE70FA96D6A9" author="Grambast, L." box="[1208,1383,413,436]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" pagination="339 - 362" refId="ref10894" refString="Grambast, L. 1957. Ornementation de la gyrogonite et syst´ematique chez les charophytes fossiles. Revue G´en´erale de Botanique, 64, 339 - 362." type="journal article" year="1957">Grambast 1957</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C172FF90AB47FE70FA42D6A9" author="Grambast, L." box="[1406,1459,413,436]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" refId="ref10922" refString="Grambast, L. 1958. Etude sur les Charophytes tertiaires d'Europe Occidentale et leurs rapports avec les formes actuelles. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Paris, 286 pp." type="book" year="1958">1958</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C172FF90AD75FE50FC7FD6C9" author="Grambast, L." box="[844,910,445,468]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" pagination="207 - 209" refId="ref11013" refString="Grambast, L. 1962 a. Sur l'int´erˆet stratigraphique des Charophytes fossiles: exemples d'application au Tertiaire parisien. Comptes Rendus de la Soci´et´e G´eologique de France, 7, 207 - 209." type="journal article" year="1962">1962a</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C172FF90ADA6FE50FBC9D6C9" author="Riveline, J." box="[927,1080,445,468]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" refId="ref12359" refString="Riveline, J. 1986. Les charophytes du Pal´eog`ene et du Mioc`ene inf´erieur d'Europe occidentale. Cahiers de Pal´eontologie (´edition du C. N. R. S), Paris, 227 pp." type="book" year="1986">Riveline 1986</bibRefCitation>
) and from several basins in southern 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C172FF90AD43FE30FC32D6E9" box="[890,963,477,500]" name="France" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">France</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C172FF90ADEFFE30FB69D6E9" author="Feist-Castel, M." box="[982,1176,477,500]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" refId="ref10627" refString="Feist-Castel, M. 1976. Les charophytes dans le Pal´eoc`ene du Sud de la France (Provence, Languedoc, Aquitaine). Etude Syst´ematique et biostratigraphique. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Montpellier II, Science and Technology, Languedoc. Article de synth`ese, 82 pp." type="book" year="1976">Feist-Castel 1976</bibRefCitation>
). Anadon &amp; Feist (1981) and Anad́on 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90ADE6FE10FBE2D509" box="[991,1043,509,532]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">et al</emphasis>
. (1992) documented this 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90AB00FE10FA4AD509" box="[1337,1467,509,532]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" rank="variety" variety="also">variety also</taxonomicName>
in the upper Bartonian of the Eastern Ebro Basin (
<collectingRegion id="2B53C290C172FF90AD6DFDD0FC4FD549" box="[852,958,573,596]" country="Spain" name="Catalunya" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Catalonia</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C172FF90ADF2FDD0FBFDD549" box="[971,1036,573,596]" name="Spain" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Spain</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>