366 lines
46 KiB
XML
366 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="51C46419E1CDAD1FB5872D5C5D166542" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3692.1.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="52a51f5e-bc73-4d57-8200-f198a12a905d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="224084" ID-ZooBank="E86E41ED-D12B-4E3D-9FA3-25C8B2923183" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460652317831" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Göcke, Christian & Janussen, Dorte" docDate="2013" docId="03C387F0AB1FFFD8FF6AFAF20B48F8B0" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03692p122.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3692 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rossella levis Kirkpatrick 1907" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="113" masterDocId="FFFAFF88AB16FFD3FFFDFFE50842FFFF" masterDocTitle="Hexactinellida of the genus Rossella, of ANT XXIV / 2 (SYSTCO I) Expedition — Antarctic Eastern Weddell Sea" masterLastPageNumber="122" masterPageNumber="102" pageNumber="111" updateTime="1698344102081" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="47D64F16228185D648C8504C9F23783A">
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<mods:title id="5275D79C903E930DB29AA1E8B1090FFB">Hexactinellida of the genus Rossella, of ANT XXIV / 2 (SYSTCO I) Expedition — Antarctic Eastern Weddell Sea</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="73158762A0295C9B95C7F3D4D87F4407" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D58D0D1F93D50F7868F307C20964073D">Göcke, Christian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3B2344D20EDB15616D59E9CEB011055C">Janussen, Dorte</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C7F1065851A07E48B1348E944C9CA103">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6E0E7E1FA7EAB1A7628FEC6A6CD40330">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B052F3857DB713E18136A4200D53AF4B">
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<mods:date id="15D78AD59A4F1FA1331C80226C9A38D5">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4367A8DF5EE544FB9974DDB94B98429D">3692</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="49C6D359C4C1152E468E0D03200470B9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3692.1.6</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C387F0AB1FFFD8FF6AFAF20B48F8B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5631276" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119573372" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5631276" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C387F0AB1FFFD8FF6AFAF20B48F8B0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C387F0AB1FFFD8FF6AFAF20B48F8B0" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="113" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">
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<subSubSection id="C370656DAB1FFFDAFF6AFAF208A5FA2A" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1FFFDAFF6AFAF20A76FACE" blockId="9.[151,564,1303,1362]" box="[151,564,1303,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">
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<heading id="D09D818AAB1FFFDAFF6AFAF20A76FACE" bold="true" box="[151,564,1303,1329]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1FFFDAFF6AFAF20A76FACE" ID-CoL="4TFDW" authority="Kirkpatrick, 1907" authorityName="Kirkpatrick" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,564,1303,1329]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levis">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1FFFDAFF6AFAF20A76FACE" bold="true" box="[151,564,1303,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1FFFDAFF6AFAF2097BFACE" bold="true" box="[151,313,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">Rossella levis</emphasis>
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(Kirkpatrick, 1907)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1FFFDAFF6AFADF09C2FAAD" blockId="9.[151,564,1303,1362]" box="[151,384,1338,1362]" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13512A63AB1FFFDAFF62FADF08AEFAAD" box="[159,236,1338,1362]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1507,1530]" captionTargetBox="[158,1436,481,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[158,1443,481,1486]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Habitus-pictures of Rossella spp. A – B, Rossella antarctica, A lateral view (SMF 11913) with spicular fringe visible at the top, B, section (SMF 11921). C, Rossella fibulata, SMF 11906. D, Rossella levis (SMF 11728) photographed ex situ on board RV Polarstern. E, Rossella nuda (SMF 11715) photographed ex situ on board RV Polarstern. F, Rossella racovitzae (SMF 11871) with specimen of Tetilla leptoderma attached, photographed ex situ on board RV Polarstern. G, Rossella vanhoeffeni armata (ZMH S 2932)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224085/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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D, 5,
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<tableCitation id="C6E8035DAB1FFFDAFECFFADF093AFAAD" box="[306,376,1338,1362]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,239,835,859]" captionTargetBox="[159,1379,950,1788]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 4. Spicule sizes of Rossella levis (Kirkpatrick, 1907). Values in μm are given as follows: minimum – mean – maximum (number of spicules measured). For comparison, values from Kirkpatrick (1907) and Barthel & Tendal (1994) are given." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF15666EAB1DFFD8FF6AFCA60943FC64" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" tableUuid="DF15666EAB1DFFD8FF6AFCA60943FC64">Tab. 4</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1FFFDAFF6AFA66094EFA67" blockId="9.[151,1435,1411,1616]" box="[151,268,1411,1432]" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">Synonymy:</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1FFFDAFF6AFA4408A5FA2A" blockId="9.[151,1435,1411,1616]" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1FFFDAFF6AFA440A69FA48" authority="Kirkpatrick, 1907: 17" authorityName="Kirkpatrick" authorityPageNumber="17" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,555,1441,1463]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Aulorossella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levis">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1FFFDAFF6AFA440908FA48" box="[151,330,1441,1463]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">Aulorossella levis</emphasis>
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Kirkpatrick, 1907: 17
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</taxonomicName>
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–19, pl. 2, figs. 2–3, pl. 6, fig. 3. Barthel & Tendal 1994: 101–104, fig. 41 – 42, pl. 11– 12.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C370656DAB1FFFDAFF6AFA3A0C08F9AF" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1FFFDAFF6AFA3A0C03FA0B" blockId="9.[151,1435,1411,1616]" box="[151,1089,1502,1525]" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1FFFDAFF6AFA3A0A79FA0B" authority="Kirkpatrick, 1907: 16" authorityName="Kirkpatrick" authorityPageNumber="16" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,571,1502,1525]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Aulorossella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pilosa">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1FFFDAFF6AFA3A0918FA0A" box="[151,346,1503,1525]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">Aulorossella pilosa</emphasis>
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Kirkpatrick, 1907: 16
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</taxonomicName>
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–17, pl. 2, fig. 1, pl. 6, fig. 2. Topsent 1917: 17–18.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1FFFDAFF6AFA180BC2F9EC" blockId="9.[151,1435,1411,1616]" box="[151,896,1533,1555]" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1FFFDAFF6AFA180A19F9EC" authority="Kirkpatrick, 1907: 19" authorityName="Kirkpatrick" authorityPageNumber="19" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,603,1533,1555]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Aulorossella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="longstaffi">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1FFFDAFF6AFA18093EF9EC" box="[151,380,1533,1555]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">Aulorossella longstaffi</emphasis>
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Kirkpatrick, 1907: 19
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</taxonomicName>
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–20, pl. 2, fig. 4, pl. 7, fig. 1.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1FFFDAFF6AF9F90B18F9CE" blockId="9.[151,1435,1411,1616]" box="[151,858,1563,1586]" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1FFFDAFF6AF9F90A58F9CE" authority="Topsent, 1916: 164" authorityName="Topsent" authorityPageNumber="164" authorityYear="1916" box="[151,538,1563,1586]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Aulorossella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gaini">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1FFFDAFF6AF9F90912F9CD" box="[151,336,1564,1586]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">Aulorossella gaini</emphasis>
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Topsent, 1916: 164
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</taxonomicName>
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–165; 1917: 18–19, pl. 5, fig. 2.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1FFFDAFF6AF9DF0C08F9AF" blockId="9.[151,1435,1411,1616]" box="[151,1098,1594,1616]" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1FFFDAFF6AF9DF0A0CF9AF" authority="Kirkpatrick, 1907: 21" authorityName="Kirkpatrick" authorityPageNumber="21" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,590,1594,1616]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Anaulosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schulzei">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1FFFDAFF6AF9DF092FF9AF" box="[151,365,1594,1616]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">Anaulosoma schulzei</emphasis>
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Kirkpatrick, 1907: 21
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</taxonomicName>
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–23, pl. 3, fig. 5–6, pl. 5, fig. 2. Burton 1929: 411.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C370656DAB1FFFDAFF6AF998093CF946" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1FFFDAFF6AF998093CF946" blockId="9.[151,1436,1661,2010]" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1FFFDAFF6AF99809C0F969" bold="true" box="[151,386,1661,1686]" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="9D6CFD6FAB1FFFDAFE76F9980A55F96A" box="[395,535,1661,1685]" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
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from SYSTCO-station 48-1 (11728, 11903, 11904).
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<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1FFFDAFB88F9980DDEF96A" box="[1141,1436,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">Other material examined:</emphasis>
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BMNH 1908.2.5.17.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C370656DAB1FFFD9FF3AF9200AA3F85E" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1FFFD9FF3AF92008B3FE53" blockId="9.[151,1436,1661,2010]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,428]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1FFFDAFF3AF920091BF921" bold="true" box="[199,345,1733,1758]" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">Description.</emphasis>
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One specimen (SMF 11728,
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<figureCitation id="13512A63AB1FFFDAFD59F9200AA4F922" box="[676,742,1733,1757]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1507,1530]" captionTargetBox="[158,1436,481,1486]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[158,1443,481,1486]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Habitus-pictures of Rossella spp. A – B, Rossella antarctica, A lateral view (SMF 11913) with spicular fringe visible at the top, B, section (SMF 11921). C, Rossella fibulata, SMF 11906. D, Rossella levis (SMF 11728) photographed ex situ on board RV Polarstern. E, Rossella nuda (SMF 11715) photographed ex situ on board RV Polarstern. F, Rossella racovitzae (SMF 11871) with specimen of Tetilla leptoderma attached, photographed ex situ on board RV Polarstern. G, Rossella vanhoeffeni armata (ZMH S 2932)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224085/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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D) is relatively large (
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<quantity id="4C929B03AB1FFFDAFC1AF9200C5DF922" box="[999,1055,1733,1757]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" unit="cm" value="9.0">9 cm</quantity>
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in height) and shows the growthform usually considered typical for the species. It has a firm tissue with a relatively low amount of spicules in comparison to other
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1FFFDAFE81F8E80999F8DA" box="[380,475,1805,1829]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1FFFDAFE81F8E80999F8DA" box="[380,475,1805,1829]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">Rossella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp. The inner surface is very smooth. The outer surface bears no velum of protruding pentactins, but numerous, regularly distributed conules of up to
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<quantity id="4C929B03AB1FFFDAFC95F8D40BE8F8B6" box="[872,938,1841,1865]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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in height, which in many cases bear spicule tufts solely composed of diactins. These spicule tufts are especially abundant at the basis of the sponge, where the spicules are up to about
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<quantity id="4C929B03AB1FFFDAFE55F89C09AFF86E" box="[424,493,1913,1937]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
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||
long and form a root-like system, which fixes the sponge to the ground. All rooting spicules originate from distinct and separate spicule tufts, in contrast to the rooting structure present in other
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1FFFDAFF6AF82408B4F826" box="[151,246,1985,2009]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="111" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1FFFDAFF6AF82408B4F826" box="[151,246,1985,2009]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="111">Rossella</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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spp., where tufts merge to one compact structure at the sponge base. The terminal osculum is relatively tight and appears contracted. The body is barrel-shaped with a wide inner cavity, which reaches a diameter of
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<quantity id="4C929B03AB1CFFD9FA84FF7208FFFF2B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="112" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
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||
. The body wall is
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B03AB1CFFD9FE7AFF5909FFFF2B" box="[391,445,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="112" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
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||
thick. The other specimens present are small, juvenile ones. One (SMF 11903) is chosen for detailed description here. The specimen is
|
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<quantity id="4C929B03AB1CFFD9FD50FF3A0ABEFF08" box="[685,764,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="112" unit="cm" value="2.1">2.1 cm</quantity>
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||
high and
|
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<quantity id="4C929B03AB1CFFD9FC8EFF3A0B83FF08" box="[883,961,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="112" unit="cm" value="1.8">1.8 cm</quantity>
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wide. The body is vase-shaped, but very rounded. The surface is firm without a velum. Numerous small conules are regularly distributed over the body. They are very flat and mostly bear spicule tufts of about one to four protruding spicules, which reach a length of up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B03AB1CFFD9FF4BFEA90945FE9B" box="[182,263,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="112" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
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. These protruding spicules include diactins and pentactins, in a ratio of about 3 to 1. Pentactins occur mostly at the bottom, forming a weak rooting system. All specimens sampled are of white color, both alive and in ethanol.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF15666EAB1CFFD9FF6AFA990BD9FA2F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224088/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="112" targetBox="[162,1436,481,1371]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1CFFD9FF6AFA990BD9FA2F" blockId="10.[151,1436,1404,1488]" pageId="10" pageNumber="112">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1CFFD9FF6AFA990951FA6D" bold="true" box="[151,275,1404,1427]" pageId="10" pageNumber="112">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
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Spicules of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1CFFD9FE69FA980AACFA6C" authority="Kirkpatrick, 1907" authorityName="Kirkpatrick" authorityYear="1907" box="[404,750,1405,1427]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="10" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1CFFD9FE69FA980A5DFA6C" box="[404,543,1405,1427]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="112">Rossella levis</emphasis>
|
||
(Kirkpatrick, 1907)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, SMF 11728. A, complete calycocome, one ray hidden, B, isolated complete ray of calycocome, C, oxyhexactin, D, center of microdiscohexaster with all discoidal endings broken off, E, complete microdiscohexaster, lying on a pile of scleres, F, hemioxyhexaster.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1CFFD9FF3AFA180AA3F85E" blockId="10.[151,1436,1533,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="112">
|
||
The species is best characterized by the external appearance lacking a veil of pentactins (raised pentactins only occurring in the bottom part of the sponge), but having long protruding diactins on distinct conules, and by its characteristic calycocomes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A63AB1CFFD9FE28F9A00A5AF9A2" box="[469,536,1605,1629]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1404,1427]" captionTargetBox="[162,1436,481,1371]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[162,1447,481,1371]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Spicules of Rossella levis (Kirkpatrick, 1907), SMF 11728. A, complete calycocome, one ray hidden, B, isolated complete ray of calycocome, C, oxyhexactin, D, center of microdiscohexaster with all discoidal endings broken off, E, complete microdiscohexaster, lying on a pile of scleres, F, hemioxyhexaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224088/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="112">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B) and microdiscohexasters (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A63AB1CFFD9FC76F9A00B8DF9A2" box="[907,975,1605,1629]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1404,1427]" captionTargetBox="[162,1436,481,1371]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[162,1447,481,1371]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Spicules of Rossella levis (Kirkpatrick, 1907), SMF 11728. A, complete calycocome, one ray hidden, B, isolated complete ray of calycocome, C, oxyhexactin, D, center of microdiscohexaster with all discoidal endings broken off, E, complete microdiscohexaster, lying on a pile of scleres, F, hemioxyhexaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224088/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="112">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
D–E). The latter are relatively rare, thus the figure shows, to our knowledge the first SEM-photographs ever published of these spicules from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1CFFD9FAFFF98F0D17F97E" box="[1282,1365,1641,1665]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="10" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1CFFD9FAFFF98F0D17F97E" box="[1282,1365,1641,1665]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="112">R. levis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They are 45 µm in diameter, have secondary rays of only one length and resemble the shape of the microdiscohexasters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1CFFD9FF48F9570905F936" box="[181,327,1714,1737]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="10" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1CFFD9FF48F9570905F936" box="[181,327,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="112">R. antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They have a strong knot-like structure in the middle and weak or absent capitula at the end of the primary rays, where the secondary rays originate. Discs at the end of the secondary rays are well developed and have strong recurved hooks. The secondary rays are weakly granulated. The calycocomes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A63AB1CFFD9FB72F91C0C93F8EE" box="[1167,1233,1785,1809]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1404,1427]" captionTargetBox="[162,1436,481,1371]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[162,1447,481,1371]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Spicules of Rossella levis (Kirkpatrick, 1907), SMF 11728. A, complete calycocome, one ray hidden, B, isolated complete ray of calycocome, C, oxyhexactin, D, center of microdiscohexaster with all discoidal endings broken off, E, complete microdiscohexaster, lying on a pile of scleres, F, hemioxyhexaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224088/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="112">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B) are 170 µm in diameter, have medium-sized primary rays and middle pieces, each 15 µm long, 2–7 secondary rays, 70 µm long, mostly moderately curved, regularly granulated with small, distinct discs. Oxyhexactins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A63AB1CFFD9FB41F8A40CBCF8A6" box="[1212,1278,1857,1881]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1404,1427]" captionTargetBox="[162,1436,481,1371]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[162,1447,481,1371]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Spicules of Rossella levis (Kirkpatrick, 1907), SMF 11728. A, complete calycocome, one ray hidden, B, isolated complete ray of calycocome, C, oxyhexactin, D, center of microdiscohexaster with all discoidal endings broken off, E, complete microdiscohexaster, lying on a pile of scleres, F, hemioxyhexaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224088/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="112">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C) of 100 µm in diameter are very numerous and therefore quite characteristic for the species. Oxyhexasters and hemioxyhexasters (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A63AB1CFFD9FE8DF86C09F0F85E" box="[368,434,1929,1953]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1404,1427]" captionTargetBox="[162,1436,481,1371]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[162,1447,481,1371]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Spicules of Rossella levis (Kirkpatrick, 1907), SMF 11728. A, complete calycocome, one ray hidden, B, isolated complete ray of calycocome, C, oxyhexactin, D, center of microdiscohexaster with all discoidal endings broken off, E, complete microdiscohexaster, lying on a pile of scleres, F, hemioxyhexaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224088/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="112">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
F), 95 µm, are much rarer.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C370656DAB1CFFD8FF3AF8480B48F8B0" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="113" pageId="10" pageNumber="112" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1CFFD9FF3AF8480C7AF816" blockId="10.[151,1436,1533,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1CFFD9FF3AF8480979F83A" bold="true" box="[199,315,1965,1989]" pageId="10" pageNumber="112">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
In contrast to most other species described here, the spicule measurements of our
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1CFFD9FB33F84B0D62F83A" box="[1230,1312,1965,1989]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="10" pageNumber="112" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1CFFD9FB33F84B0D62F83A" box="[1230,1312,1965,1989]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="112">R. levis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens fall well within the dimensions already reported (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E8035DAB1CFFD9FD43F8340B4AF816" box="[702,776,2001,2025]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,239,835,859]" captionTargetBox="[159,1379,950,1788]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 4. Spicule sizes of Rossella levis (Kirkpatrick, 1907). Values in μm are given as follows: minimum – mean – maximum (number of spicules measured). For comparison, values from Kirkpatrick (1907) and Barthel & Tendal (1994) are given." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF15666EAB1DFFD8FF6AFCA60943FC64" pageId="10" pageNumber="112" tableUuid="DF15666EAB1DFFD8FF6AFCA60943FC64">Tab. 4</tableCitation>
|
||
; Barthel & Tendal (1994)).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1DFFD8FF3AFF7D0969FD7B" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,788]" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">
|
||
Burton (1929) synonymized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FDECFF7C0A27FF4F" box="[529,613,152,176]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FDECFF7C0A27FF4F" box="[529,613,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. levis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FD57FF7C0B41FF4F" box="[682,771,152,176]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nuda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FD57FF7C0B41FF4F" box="[682,771,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. nuda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a variation with extremely long protruding diactins on extraordinary well developed conules. However, the two species differ significantly in spiculation:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FAEBFF580D2EFF2B" box="[1302,1388,188,212]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FAEBFF580D2EFF2B" box="[1302,1388,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. levis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has much smaller calycocomes with more secondary rays and a completely different microdiscohexaster with secondary rays of only one length. In our opinion it represents a well characterised species. Similar microdiscohexasters occur only in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FDDEFECC0AF4FEBF" box="[547,694,297,320]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FDDEFECC0AF4FEBF" box="[547,694,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FBF6FECC0C1DFEBF" box="[1035,1119,296,320]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FBF6FECC0C1DFEBF" box="[1035,1119,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. levis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the possession of a well developed veil of free pentactines and smaller principal calycocomes. The outer appearance of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FB11FEA80D00FE9B" box="[1260,1346,332,356]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FB11FEA80D00FE9B" box="[1260,1346,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. levis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FEF2FE940A60FE78" authority="Burton, 1929" authorityName="Burton" authorityYear="1929" box="[271,546,367,392]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="villosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FEF2FE94093FFE77" box="[271,381,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. villosa</emphasis>
|
||
Burton, 1929
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These species can be readily distinguished by their microdiscohexasters:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FA79FE9408A0FE53" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="villosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FA79FE9408A0FE53" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. villosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as reported by Barthel and Tendal (1994), has microdiscohexasters with secondary rays of two different lengths (like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FED3FE5C0986FE2F" box="[302,452,441,464]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="racovitzae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FED3FE5C0986FE2F" box="[302,452,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. racovitzae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FE29FE5C0A6CFE2F" box="[468,558,440,464]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nuda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FE29FE5C0A6CFE2F" box="[468,558,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. nuda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FDC3FE5C0AA1FE2F" box="[574,739,440,464]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="vanhoeffeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FDC3FE5C0AA1FE2F" box="[574,739,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. vanhoeffeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FCE3FE5C0BD5FE2F" box="[798,919,440,464]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fibulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FCE3FE5C0BD5FE2F" box="[798,919,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. fibulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). On the basis of the microdiscohexasters
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FA79FE5C08A0FE0B" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="villosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FA79FE5C08A0FE0B" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. villosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to be much closer related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FD73FE380B67FE0B" box="[654,805,477,500]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="racovitzae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FD73FE380B67FE0B" box="[654,805,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. racovitzae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FC76FE380BA2FE0B" box="[907,992,476,500]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FC76FE380BA2FE0B" box="[907,992,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. levis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FBE9FE380CEEFE0B" box="[1044,1196,477,500]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="racovitzae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FBE9FE380CEEFE0B" box="[1044,1196,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. racovitzae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has almost identical microdiscohexasters and often a similar shape, especially when young. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of several
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FF6AFDC108B4FDC3" box="[151,246,548,572]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FF6AFDC108B4FDC3" box="[151,246,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">Rossella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp., including one
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FE2BFDC00A6BFDC3" box="[470,553,548,572]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FE2BFDC00A6BFDC3" box="[470,553,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. levis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SMF 11728), by Vargas
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FCBAFDC00B3AFDC3" box="[839,888,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (in review) suggest a close relationship between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FF6AFDAC08AEFD9F" box="[151,236,584,608]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FF6AFDAC08AEFD9F" box="[151,236,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. levis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FEDBFDAC09F9FD9F" box="[294,443,585,608]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="racovitzae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FEDBFDAC09F9FD9F" box="[294,443,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. racovitzae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as opposed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FD8FFDAC0B47FD9F" box="[626,773,585,608]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FD8FFDAC0B47FD9F" box="[626,773,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">R. antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which seems to be distinguished very clearly from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FF6AFD8908B4FD7B" box="[151,246,620,644]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FF6AFD8908B4FD7B" box="[151,246,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">Rossella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1DFFD8FF3AFD6A0D60FCEB" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,788]" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">One additional point to be made concerns the practicability of determination: as mentioned above, the characteristic microdiscohexasters are very rare. Still, in most cases of determination, it might be fitting, to just consider the characteristic outer shape, the very abundant oxyhexactins (while only few oxyhexasters are present) and the relatively small calycocomes. This should usually lead to a reliable identification of the species.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF15666EAB1DFFD8FF6AFCA60943FC64" ID-Table-UUID="DF15666EAB1DFFD8FF6AFCA60943FC64" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF15666EAB1DFFD8FF6AFCA60943FC64" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" targetBox="[159,1379,950,1788]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1DFFD8FF6AFCA60943FC64" blockId="11.[151,1436,834,923]" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FF6AFCA60949FCA4" bold="true" box="[151,267,835,859]" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">TABLE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Spicule sizes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D65AB1DFFD8FE35FCA10B7AFCA4" authority="Kirkpatrick, 1907" authorityName="Kirkpatrick" authorityYear="1907" box="[456,824,836,859]" class="Hexactinellida" family="Rossellidae" genus="Rossella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lyssacinosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAF4AB1DFFD8FE35FCA10A1EFCA4" box="[456,604,836,859]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">Rossella levis</emphasis>
|
||
(Kirkpatrick, 1907)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Values in μm are given as follows: minimum – mean – maximum (number of spicules measured). For comparison, values from Kirkpatrick (1907) and Barthel & Tendal (1994) are given.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1DFFD8FF62FC520B4AF903" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<table id="F96AC446AB1D002CFF62FC530D21F903" box="[159,1379,950,1788]" gridcols="4" gridrows="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<tr id="355A34A4AB1D002CFF62FC530D21FC14" box="[159,1379,950,1003]" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<th id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFF62FC5309D2FC14" box="[159,400,950,1003]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">parameter</th>
|
||
<th id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFE1DFC530AECFC14" box="[480,686,950,1003]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">SMF 11728</th>
|
||
<th id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFD22FC530BECFC14" box="[735,942,950,1003]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">SMF 11903</th>
|
||
<th id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFC23FC530D21FC14" box="[990,1379,950,1003]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">Kirkpatrick (1907) Barthel & Tendal (1994)</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355A34A4AB1D002CFF62FC1B0D21FBEB" box="[159,1379,1022,1044]" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFF62FC1B09D2FBEB" box="[159,400,1022,1044]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">rough Pentactin</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355A34A4AB1D002CFF62FBCD0D21FBC1" box="[159,1379,1064,1086]" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<th id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFF62FBCD09D2FBC1" box="[159,400,1064,1086]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">tangential ray (L)</th>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFE1DFBCD0AECFBC1" box="[480,686,1064,1086]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">100–143.2–180 (34)</td>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFD22FBCD0BECFBC1" box="[735,942,1064,1086]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">95–163.7–200 (31)</td>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFC23FBCD0D21FBC1" box="[990,1379,1064,1086]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">150</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355A34A4AB1D002CFF62FBB40D21FB45" box="[159,1379,1105,1210]" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFF62FBB409D2FB45" box="[159,400,1105,1210]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">proximal ray (L) rough Hexactin (D) Stauractin ray (L)</th>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFE1DFBB40AECFB45" box="[480,686,1105,1210]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">100–117.2–140 (9) 120–117.2–970 (33)</td>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFD22FBB40BECFB45" box="[735,942,1105,1210]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">110–294.3–155 (7) 190–371.5–540 (20) 140–182.9–245 (33)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355A34A4AB1D002CFF62FB280D21FAF2" box="[159,1379,1229,1293]" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<th id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFF62FB2809D2FAF2" box="[159,400,1229,1293]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">Oxyhexactin (D) Oxyhexaster (D)</th>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFE1DFB280AECFAF2" box="[480,686,1229,1293]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">60–105.3–130 (33) 60–96.6–135 (31)</td>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFD22FB280BECFAF2" box="[735,942,1229,1293]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">80–100.3–160 (38) 80–96.9–120 (13)</td>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFC23FB280D21FAF2" box="[990,1379,1229,1293]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">100 55–180 120</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355A34A4AB1D002CFF62FAC50D21FAC9" box="[159,1379,1312,1334]" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFF62FAC509D2FAC9" box="[159,400,1312,1334]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">Heterodiactin (L)</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355A34A4AB1D002CFF62FAAC0D21FA4D" box="[159,1379,1353,1458]" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<th id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFF62FAAC09D2FA4D" box="[159,400,1353,1458]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">Discohexactin (D) Microdiscohexaster (D) Mesodiscohexaster (D)</th>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFE1DFAAC0AECFA4D" box="[480,686,1353,1458]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">42.5–46.8–52.5 (11)</td>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFD22FAAC0BECFA4D" box="[735,942,1353,1458]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">70 (1) 40–44–47.5 (10)</td>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFC23FAAC0D21FA4D" box="[990,1379,1353,1458]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">40 34–47 96 45–97</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355A34A4AB1D002CFF62FA200D21FA24" box="[159,1379,1477,1499]" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFF62FA2009D2FA24" box="[159,400,1477,1499]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">Calycocome</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355A34A4AB1D002CFF62FA0B0D21F9FA" box="[159,1379,1518,1541]" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<th id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFF62FA0B09D2F9FA" box="[159,400,1518,1541]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">(D)</th>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFE1DFA0B0AECF9FA" box="[480,686,1518,1541]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">120–170–220 (2)</td>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFD22FA0B0BECF9FA" box="[735,942,1518,1541]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">170–205–250 (6)</td>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFC23FA0B0D21F9FA" box="[990,1379,1518,1541]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">220 130–230</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355A34A4AB1D002CFF62F9FD0D21F9D1" box="[159,1379,1560,1582]" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFF62F9FD09D2F9D1" box="[159,400,1560,1582]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">complete ray (L)</th>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFE1DF9FD0AECF9D1" box="[480,686,1560,1582]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">55–105.3–180 (31)</td>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFD22F9FD0BECF9D1" box="[735,942,1560,1582]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">50–99.8–150 (30)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355A34A4AB1D002CFF62F9A40D21F955" box="[159,1379,1601,1706]" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<th id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFF62F9A409D2F955" box="[159,400,1601,1706]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">primary ray (L) middle piece (L) secondary ray (L)</th>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFE1DF9A40AECF955" box="[480,686,1601,1706]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">10–13.8–20 (31) 10–22.6–47.5 (31) 25–65.5–92.5 (31)</td>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFD22F9A40BECF955" box="[735,942,1601,1706]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">2.5–9.9–15 (30) 5–13.6–28.75 (30) 30–75.1–115 (30)</td>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFC23F9A40D21F955" box="[990,1379,1601,1706]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">14 8–12 9 6–12</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355A34A4AB1D002CFF62F9580D21F92B" box="[159,1379,1725,1748]" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<th id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFF62F95809D2F92B" box="[159,400,1725,1748]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">number of sec. rays</th>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFE1DF9580AECF92B" box="[480,686,1725,1748]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">3–5.4–7 (31)</td>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFD22F9580BECF92B" box="[735,942,1725,1748]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">2–4.3–6 (30)</td>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFC23F9580D21F92B" box="[990,1379,1725,1748]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">6–8 4–8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="355A34A4AB1D002CFF62F9020D21F903" box="[159,1379,1767,1788]" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="113" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFF62F90209D2F903" box="[159,400,1767,1788]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">Curvature</th>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFE1DF9020AECF903" box="[480,686,1767,1788]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">S: 0</td>
|
||
<td id="768B5DD8AB1D002CFD22F9020BECF903" box="[735,942,1767,1788]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">S: 7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1DFFD8FE1DF8F50B73F8DA" blockId="11.[480,817,1808,1871]" box="[480,817,1808,1830]" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">S–C: 26 S–C: 14</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536E6AB1DFFD8FE1DF8DF0B48F8B0" blockId="11.[480,817,1808,1871]" box="[480,778,1849,1871]" pageId="11" pageNumber="113">C: 5 C: 9</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |