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<document id="B18BE998692A173E1D1134432626536D" ID-CLB-Dataset="265694" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5339.5.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2953fa15-37a7-4c2c-9a1c-6054d4be9765" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8309419" ID-ZooBank="41EC5960-8B30-45D1-BE02-2F1C30E6F9A3" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1693578063489" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Krakhmalnyi, Aleksandr F., Krakhmalnyi, Maxim A., Terenko, Galyna V. &amp; Goncharenko, Igor V." docDate="2023" docId="BF0C87E3FFEAFF840AC0FEC80A0DFC9C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5339.5.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5339 (5)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5339.5.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Protoperidinium excentricum Balech 1974" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="436" masterDocId="4335FF9BFFE3FF8D0A57FFA6096FFFF7" masterDocTitle="Dominant Species Of The Genus Protoperidinium Bergh (Peridiniales: Protoperidiniaceae) In The Black Sea" masterLastPageNumber="448" masterPageNumber="427" pageNumber="436" updateTime="1693830687803" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:affiliation id="2C5D669F846E81D3E74AEC9BEB804F15">Department of Scientific Studies and Protection of Marine Biocenoses, Ukrainian Scientific Center of Ecology of the Sea (UkrSCES), 89 Frantsuzsky Blvd., Odessa 65009, Ukraine. &amp; Ifremer, LITTORAL, Station de Biologie Marine, Place de la Croix, BP 40537, 29900, Concarneau CEDEX, France.</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="F0A54D76FFEAFF840AC0FEC80A49FE7F" authority="(Paulsen) Balech 1974" authorityName="Balech" authorityYear="1974" baseAuthorityName="Paulsen" box="[151,806,366,393]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Protoperidiniaceae" genus="Protoperidinium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Peridiniales" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="excentricum">
<emphasis id="05D1EAE7FFEAFF840AC0FEC80B6FFE7E" bold="true" box="[151,512,366,393]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">Protoperidinium excentricum</emphasis>
(Paulsen)
<bibRefCitation id="53344B04FFEAFF8408DDFEC90A49FE7F" author="Balech, E." box="[650,806,366,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" pagination="1 - 79" refId="ref12120" refString="Balech, E. (1974) El genero &quot; Protoperidinium &quot; Bergh, 1881 (&quot; Peridinium &quot; Ehrenberg, 1831, Partim). Revista Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales &quot; Bernardino Rivadavia &quot;. Hidrobiologia, 4 (1), 1 - 79." type="journal article" year="1974">Balech 1974</bibRefCitation>
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. Revta
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. Argent. Cienc. Nat. “
<collectorName id="9A505323FFEAFF840EB4FEC80CE6FE7F" box="[1251,1417,366,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">B. Rivadavia</collectorName>
”, Hydrobiologia 4 (1): 54. (
<figureCitation id="AF9E2A70FFEAFF840B87FE340B0EFE5B" box="[464,609,402,428]" captionStart="FIGURES 110" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[232,1355,417,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-119@4.[232,1355,417,1914]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 110. Protoperidinium of the Black Sea. 12—P. achromaticum; 34, 7—P. brevipes; 5, 10—P. quadrioblongum; 6, 89—P. excentricum. Designations: 1ʹ—first apical plate, 2a—second intercalary plate. 4, 69—epifluorescence; 5, 10— transmitted light. Scale bars: 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8309421" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8309421/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">Figs. 6, 89</figureCitation>
)
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.
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="7FBF657EFFEAFF840AC0FE710C69FDBC" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="371A36F5FFEAFF840AC0FE710A92FDDB" blockId="9.[151,1437,471,587]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">
<emphasis id="05D1EAE7FFEAFF840AC0FE710862FE18" bold="true" box="[151,269,471,495]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">References</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="53344B04FFEAFF840B4EFE7108A8FE18" author="Paulsen, O." box="[281,455,471,495]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref13520" refString="Paulsen, O. (1908) Peridiniales. XVIII. In: Brandt, K. &amp; Apstein, C. (Eds.), Nordisches Plankton. Botanischer. Verlag von Lipsius &amp; Tischer, Kiel und Leipzig, pp. 1 - 124." type="book chapter" year="1908">Paulsen 1908: 51</bibRefCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="AF9E2A70FFEAFF840B86FE710B75FE18" box="[465,538,471,495]" captionStart="FIGURES 5964" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,272,1784]" captionTargetId="figure-53@16.[227,1361,272,1784]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 5964. Protoperidinium of the Black Sea. 5964—P. mediterraneum. Designations: 1ʹ—first apical plate. 5963— DIC; 64—epifluorescence. Scale bars: 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8309429" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8309429/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">Fig. 64</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="53344B04FFEAFF840873FE710BB6FE18" author="Lebour, M. V." box="[548,729,471,495]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" refId="ref13172" refString="Lebour, M. V. (1925) The Dinoflagellates of the Northern Seas. Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Plymouth, 150 pp." type="book" year="1925">Lebour 1925: 108</bibRefCitation>
, Pl. XVIII,
<figureCitation id="AF9E2A70FFEAFF84091AFE710ADCFE18" box="[845,947,471,495]" captionStart="FIGURES 110" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[232,1355,417,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-119@4.[232,1355,417,1914]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 110. Protoperidinium of the Black Sea. 12—P. achromaticum; 34, 7—P. brevipes; 5, 10—P. quadrioblongum; 6, 89—P. excentricum. Designations: 1ʹ—first apical plate, 2a—second intercalary plate. 4, 69—epifluorescence; 5, 10— transmitted light. Scale bars: 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8309421" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8309421/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">Fig. 1 ad</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="53344B04FFEAFF8409EAFE710D18FE18" author="Schiller, J." box="[957,1143,471,495]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" pagination="1 - 589" refId="ref13791" refString="Schiller, J. (1937) Dinoflagellatae (Peridineae) in monographischer Behandlung. In: Rabenhorst, L. (Ed.), Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Osterreich und der Schweiz. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, pp. 1 - 589." type="book chapter" year="1937">Schiller 1937: 144</bibRefCitation>
, Fig. 145 ag;
<bibRefCitation id="53344B04FFEAFF840F5DFE710980FDF9" author="Kiselew, I. A." pageId="9" pageNumber="436" refId="ref12841" refString="Kiselew, I. A. (1950) Thecate flagellates (Dinoflagellata) of the seas and freshwater bodies of the USSR. Leningrad, Moscow, 280 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1950">Kiselew 1950: 160</bibRefCitation>
, Figs. 254 ag, 261 ag;
<bibRefCitation id="53344B04FFEAFF840BBDFE500BFBFDF9" author="Wood, E. J. F." box="[490,660,502,526]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" refId="ref14148" refString="Wood, E. J. F. (1968) Dinoflagellates of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent areas. University of Miami Press, Coral Gables, Florida, 142 pp." type="book" year="1968">Wood 1968: 102</bibRefCitation>
, Fig. 299 (as
<taxonomicName id="F0A54D76FFEAFF84094CFE500D60FDFA" authorityName="Paulsen" authorityYear="1907" box="[795,1039,502,526]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Peridiniaceae" genus="Peridinium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Peridiniales" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="excentricum">
<emphasis id="05D1EAE7FFEAFF84094CFE500D60FDFA" box="[795,1039,502,526]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">Peridinium excentricum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation id="53344B04FFEAFF840E73FE500DBAFDF9" author="Dodge, J. D." box="[1060,1237,502,526]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" refId="ref12377" refString="Dodge, J. D. (1982) Marine Dinoflagellates of the British Isles. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 289 pp." type="book" year="1982">Dodge 1982: 174</bibRefCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="AF9E2A70FFEAFF840E88FE500C21FDF9" box="[1247,1358,502,526]" captionStart="FIGURES 1122" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1916,1940]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,381,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-104@6.[227,1361,381,1893]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1122. Protoperidinium of the Black Sea. 1112—P. bipes; 1415—P. brochii; 13, 16—P. crassipes; 1719—P. claudicans; 2022—P. depressum. Designations: 1ʹ—first apical plate, 2a—second intercalary plate. 11, 13, 1516—DIC; 12, 14, 1819, 22—epifluorescence; 17, 2021—transmitted light. Scale bars: 1112, 1415 = 10 µm; 13, 1622 = 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8315252" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8315252/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">Fig. 19 j, k</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="53344B04FFEAFF840F0EFE50084CFDDB" author="Dodge, J. D." pageId="9" pageNumber="436" refId="ref12403" refString="Dodge, J. D. (1985) Atlas of dinoflagellates: a scanning electron study. Farrand Press, London, 119 pp." type="book" year="1985">Dodge 1985: 53</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="53344B04FFEAFF840B79FDB20B61FDDA" author="Okolodkov, Y. B." box="[302,526,532,557]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" pagination="93 - 149" refId="ref13435" refString="Okolodkov, Y. B. (2008) Protoperidinium Bergh (Dinophyceae) of the National Park Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano, Gulf of Mexico, with a key for identification. Acta Botanica Mexicana, 84, 93 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.21829 / abm 84.2008.1068" type="journal article" year="2008">Okolodkov 2008: 107</bibRefCitation>
, Pl. 57;
<bibRefCitation id="53344B04FFEAFF840839FDB20A0EFDDA" author="Krakhmalnyi, A. F." box="[622,865,532,557]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" refId="ref13044" refString="Krakhmalnyi, A. F. (2011) Dinophyta of Ukraine (illustrated book for identification). Alterpress, Kiev, 444 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="2011">Krakhmalnyi 2011: 197</bibRefCitation>
, Table 81, 56.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="371A36F5FFEAFF840AC0FD950C69FDBC" blockId="9.[151,1437,471,587]" box="[151,1286,563,587]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">
<emphasis id="05D1EAE7FFEAFF840AC0FD95086DFDBC" bold="true" box="[151,258,563,587]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">Basionym</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="F0A54D76FFEAFF840B47FD950BFAFDBC" authority="Paulsen 1907" authorityName="Paulsen" authorityYear="1907" box="[272,661,563,587]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Peridiniaceae" genus="Peridinium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Peridiniales" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="excentricum">
<emphasis id="05D1EAE7FFEAFF840B47FD950B6BFDBC" box="[272,516,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">Peridinium excentricum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="53344B04FFEAFF84085DFD950BFAFDBC" author="Paulsen, O." box="[522,661,563,587]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref13488" refString="Paulsen, O. (1907) The Peridiniales of the Danish waters. Meddelelser fra Kommissionen for Havundersogelser, Serie Plancton, 1 (5), 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1907">Paulsen 1907</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Medd. Komm. Hav. Kbhvn., Ser. Plankton 1 (5): 14,
<figureCitation id="AF9E2A70FFEAFF840EEFFD950C6DFDBC" box="[1208,1282,563,587]" captionStart="FIGURES 1122" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1916,1940]" captionTargetBox="[227,1361,381,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-104@6.[227,1361,381,1893]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1122. Protoperidinium of the Black Sea. 1112—P. bipes; 1415—P. brochii; 13, 16—P. crassipes; 1719—P. claudicans; 2022—P. depressum. Designations: 1ʹ—first apical plate, 2a—second intercalary plate. 11, 13, 1516—DIC; 12, 14, 1819, 22—epifluorescence; 17, 2021—transmitted light. Scale bars: 1112, 1415 = 10 µm; 13, 1622 = 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8315252" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8315252/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7FBF657EFFEAFF840AC0FDDF0BB6FCD4" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" type="description">
<paragraph id="371A36F5FFEAFF840AC0FDDF0BB6FCD4" blockId="9.[151,1437,633,876]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">
<emphasis id="05D1EAE7FFEAFF840AC0FDDF0844FD64" bold="true" box="[151,299,633,659]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">Description:</emphasis>
Cells discoid, asymmetrical, strongly anteroposteriorly compressed. The apical horn shifted towards the left side. The apical pore structure of Bʹ
<typeStatus id="E81E8857FFEAFF8408C4FD390BACFD4D" box="[659,707,671,698]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">type</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="53344B04FFEAFF840885FD3B0A8DFD40" author="Toriumi, S. &amp; Dodge, J. D." box="[722,994,669,695]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" pagination="39 - 45" refId="ref14061" refString="Toriumi, S. &amp; Dodge, J. D. (1993) Thecal apex structure in the Peridiniaceae (Dinophyceae). European Journal of Phycology, 28, 39 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 09670269300650061" type="journal article" year="1993">Toriumi &amp; Dodge 1993</bibRefCitation>
). The epithecal plate pattern comprises seven precingular plates (7ʹʹ), four apical plates (4ʹ), two anterior intercalary plates (2a), 1ʹ plate “ortho”, 2a “hexa”. The cingulum median, excavated. The sulcus reaches the antapex, bears lists. The cytoplasm pink. Dimensions: 2548 μm long and 3764.3 μm wide.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7FBF657EFFEAFF840A90FC8B0A0DFC9C" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="371A36F5FFEAFF840A90FC8B0A0DFC9C" blockId="9.[151,1437,633,876]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">
<emphasis id="05D1EAE7FFEAFF840A90FC8B0836FCB0" bold="true" box="[199,345,813,839]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">Distribution</emphasis>
: Temperate to tropical waters; cosmopolitan (
<bibRefCitation id="53344B04FFEAFF840900FC8B0DEDFCB0" author="Steidinger, K. A. &amp; Tangen, K." box="[855,1154,813,840]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" pagination="387 - 584" refId="ref13870" refString="Steidinger, K. A. &amp; Tangen, K. (1997) Dinoflagellates. In: Tomas, C. R. (Ed.), Identifying marine diatoms and dinoflagellates. Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 387 - 584. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / B 978 - 012693018 - 4 / 50005 - 7" type="book chapter" year="1997">Steidinger &amp; Tangen 1997</bibRefCitation>
). Data on the distribution of
<taxonomicName id="F0A54D76FFEAFF840AE1FCF40835FC9C" authorityName="Paulsen" authorityYear="1907" box="[182,346,850,875]" class="Dinophyceae" family="Peridiniaceae" genus="Peridinium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Peridiniales" pageId="9" pageNumber="436" phylum="Myzozoa" rank="species" species="excentricum">
<emphasis id="05D1EAE7FFEAFF840AE1FCF40835FC9C" box="[182,346,850,875]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">P. excentricum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are given from the GBIF.org (2022)
<emphasis id="05D1EAE7FFEAFF8408AFFCF70A0DFC9C" bold="true" box="[760,866,849,875]" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">
(
<figureCitation id="AF9E2A70FFEAFF840957FCF70A3BFC9C" box="[768,852,849,875]" captionStart="FIGURES 8694" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1665,1689]" captionTargetBox="[155,1435,1004,1641]" captionTargetId="figure-71@18.[151,1436,1004,1642]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 8694. Global distribution maps of some Protoperidinium species. 86—P. excentricum; 87—P. granii; 88—P. knipowitschii (Krakhmalnyi, 2011); 89—P. leonis; 90—P. mediterraneum; 91—P. pallidum; 92—P. pellucidum; 93—P. pentagonum; 94—P. pyriforme." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8309435" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8309435/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="436">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>