316 lines
26 KiB
XML
316 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.55.8489" ID-PMC="PMC4547026" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-55-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FF8CFFB4FFD52937FFDFFFB2FF93FC06" ID-PubMed="26312044" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576322" ModsDocID="1314-2003-55-1" checkinTime="1451251384199" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mitchell, John D. & Daly, Douglas C." docDate="2015" docId="7E0E51CFE9F35E178F68E641A983A3EA" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 55: 1-92" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 55" docPubDate="2015-08-05" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.55.8489" docTitle="Spondias venulosa (Mart. ex Engl.) Engl. in A. DC. & C. DC., Monogr. phan. 4: 245. 1883" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FF8CFFB4FFD52937FFDFFFB2FF93FC06" lastPageNumber="54" masterDocId="FF8CFFB4FFD52937FFDFFFB2FF93FC06" masterDocTitle="A revision of Spondias L. (Anacardiaceae) in the Neotropics" masterLastPageNumber="92" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1668141444944" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of Spondias L. (Anacardiaceae) in the Neotropics</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mitchell, John D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd., Bronx, NY 10458 - 5126</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">johndanmitchell@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Daly, Douglas C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd., Bronx, NY 10458 - 5126</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2015-08-05</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>55</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>92</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.55.8489</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.55.8489</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-55-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FF8CFFB4FFD52937FFDFFFB2FF93FC06</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576322</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182227747" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E0E51CFE9F35E178F68E641A983A3EA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E0E51CFE9F35E178F68E641A983A3EA" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName LSID="7E0E51CF-E9F3-5E17-8F68-E641A983A3EA" authority="(Mart. ex Engl.) Engl. in A. DC. & C. DC., Monogr. phan. 4: 245. 1883" authorityName="(Mart. ex Engl.) Engl. in A. DC. & C. DC., Monogr. phan. 4: 245." authorityYear="1883" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias venulosa" order="Sapindales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="venulosa">Spondias venulosa (Mart. ex Engl.) Engl. in A. DC. & C. DC., Monogr. phan. 4: 245. 1883</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Leaflets of Spondias species, showing details of the margin (insets): Spondias dulcis (Ayala & Criollo 3982, NY); Spondias macrocarpa (Thomas et al. 6823, NY); Spondias mombin (Acevedo 6037, NY); Spondias globosa (Neill & Palacios 7079, NY); Spondias radlkoferi narrow-leaflet form (Crane 458, LL) and broad-leaflet form (Contreras 6976, LL); Spondias purpurea (Grijalva 770, NY); Spondias testudinis (Lao Magin 112, NY); Spondias tuberosa (Carvalho et al. 3767, NY); Spondias venulosa (Stehmann 20855, NY)." pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Leaf architecture of Spondias venulosa. A Straight secondary vein course B Admedial tertiary vein (from Stefano et al. 201, NY)." pageId="50" pageNumber="51">, 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Flowers of Spondias species: Spondias dulcis (Wurdack 315, NY); Spondias macrocarpa (Spada 013 / 77, NY); Spondias globosa (Daly et al. 7836, NY); Spondias radlkoferi (Heithaus 119, NY); Spondias testudinis (Lao Magin 112, NY); Spondias tuberosa (Carauta 552, NY); Spondias venulosa (Queiroz 2604, NY)." pageId="50" pageNumber="51">, 15</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Fruits of Neotropical Spondias. Spondias dulcis (dry fruit: Berlin 870, NY; and longisection: unvouchered photo), Spondias macrocarpa (dry fruit: Thomas et al. 6823, NY), Spondias expeditionaria (endocarp and fresh fruit: Lorenzi s. n., NY), Spondias mombin (dry fruit: Mostacedo 2941, NY; endocarp: Moraes 1046, NY), Spondias globosa (fresh fruit [top], dry fruit, and endocarp: Daly et al. 8472, NY), Spondias purpurea (fresh fruit: unvouchered photo; dry fruit: Moreno 2827, NY; endocarp: Magallanes 3887), Spondias admirabilis (dry fruit: Farney et al. 4046, NY), Spondias radlkoferi (dry fruit: Nee 6729, NY; endocarp: Moran 6291, NY), Spondias testudinis (fresh and dry fruit; Daly et al. 7559, NY), Spondias tuberosa (fresh fruit: from Morton, 1987; dry fruit: Mattos Silva 2299, NY), and Spondias venulosa (fresh fruit: from photo in Lorenzi, 1998; dry fruit: Araujo 7828, NY)." pageId="50" pageNumber="51">, 16</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Distributions of Spondias testudinis and Spondias venulosa." pageId="50" pageNumber="51">, 24</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias purpurea subsp. var. var. venulosa" order="Sapindales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="purpurea" subSpecies="var." variety="venulosa">Spondias purpurea var. venulosa</taxonomicName>
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Mart. ex Engl. in Mart., Fl. bras. 12(2): 373. 1876.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias venulosa" order="Sapindales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="venulosa">Spondias venulosa</taxonomicName>
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Type. Based on Spondias venulosa (Mart. Ex Engl.) Engl.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias myrobalanus" order="Sapindales" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="myrobalanus">Spondias myrobalanus</taxonomicName>
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sensu Vell., non L., Fl. flumin. 4: 197, t. 185. 1825[1829].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="type">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro (cultivated), November (w/o year), Martius Obs. 274 (lectotype: M, n.v., here designated; F-photo!; G-photo!; NY-photo!).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Hermaphroditic trees</emphasis>
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, reproductive height 5-30 m.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Trunk</emphasis>
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11-92 cm diam.,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">outer bark</emphasis>
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(brownish) gray, rough, sparsely to densely fissured, the fissures broad,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="51" pageNumber="52" start="start">deep</pageBreakToken>
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and wavy, shed in long, thick, irregular plates;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">inner bark</emphasis>
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soft and whitish with beige to pale red striations.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Trichomes</emphasis>
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white to yellowish, erect to flexuous, 0.4-0.6 (0.8) mm long.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Leaves</emphasis>
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3-5jugate, 12.3-23 cm long, the petiole, rachis and midvein often red when young; petiole 5.3-7 cm long, petiole and rachis glabrous; lateral leaflets subsessile or the petiolules to 3 mm long, the terminal one 7-15 mm long, petiolules pubescent; basal leaflets 2.2-7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1-3.5 cm, ovate to broadly elliptic, other laterals 3-8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.2-4.2 cm, usually (broadly) elliptic or ovate or less often lanceolate, terminal leaflet 2.8-8.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.1-4.2 cm, elliptic to obovate; leaflet apex abruptly and narrowly acuminate, the acumen 3-16 mm long, the apex tip sharply acuminate; lateral lamina often medially strongly asymmetrical and then the acroscopic side ovate and basiscopic side elliptic, base subsymmetric or asymmetric, the acroscopic side cuneate to cordate, the basiscopic side acute to rounded, basal insertion often slightly asymmetric, often decurrent; leaflet margin usually revolute, strongly so at base, entire or occasionally serrulate, with blunt convex-convex teeth; leaflets chartaceous to coriaceous, often both surfaces glossy (mature leaflets); intramarginal vein submarginal.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Inflorescences</emphasis>
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subterminal and terminal, developing with leaf flush, (3.5) 7-19.5 long, 1.3-2.3 mm diam near base, broadly branched, secondary axes 0.5-5 cm long; bracts on primary and secondary axes 0.6-2.4 mm long, lanceolate to lorate and acuminate, bracteoles 0.4-0.6 mm long, ovate to subulate and often semi-clasping; pedicel 1.8-3.5 mm long overall, portion distal to the articulation 1.5-2.7 mm long.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Calyx</emphasis>
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0.7-1.4 mm long overall, aestivation apert, lobes 0.4-0.8 mm long, deltate to triangular, the margin erose; petals 1.8-2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.7-1 mm, lanceolate to deltate, slightly acuminate, white to yellowish, reflexed at anthesis; stamens inflexed, antesepalous and antepetalous ones 1.2-1.3 and 0.9-1.1 mm long, respectively, the anthers 0.4-0.5 mm long, elliptic in both dorsiventral and lateral views; disk 0.35-0.4 mm tall, 0.3 mm thick, summit undulate and outer margin sulcate, yellow; pistil 1-1.2 mm long, thickly subcylindrical overall, divided nearly to base into subulate, apically connivent styles 0.5-0.7 mm long, the stigmas extrorse, obovate.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fruits</emphasis>
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3.6-6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.9-3.6 cm (dry; when fresh 4-8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3.2-3.8 cm), (slightly) oblong(-obovoid) to slightly (ob)ovoid, often lumpy, apex rounded, truncate, or sometimes acuminate, base obtuse to truncate, maturing yellow and glossy, surface shallowly pitted and very sparsely lenticellate, the lenticels flat; endocarp usually slightly obovoid and usually acuminate.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Leaflet venation</emphasis>
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: Secondary veins 10-20, straight, spacing uniform, angle slightly acute and decreasing toward apex, insertion decurrent; intercostal tertiaries few per pair of successive secondaries, usually arising from near intramarginal vein, with (usually composite) admedial branching; areolation at tertiary rank, quaternaries freely ramified; FEVs 4+-branched, dendritic, terminating in tracheoid idioblasts; marginal ultimate venation mostly looped; on abaxial side all venation narrowly prominent, pubescent on revolute base (sometimes extending onto midvein), usually glabrescent; on adaxial side all venation flat or more often broadly prominulous but fluted, veins often discolorous (drying blackish).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias venulosa" order="Sapindales" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="venulosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Spondias venulosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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ranges from eastcentral Bahia to southern Rio de Janeiro and extreme southeastern Minas Gerais; cultivated as far south as Campinas and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo city in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo state.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="52" pageNumber="53" start="start">Ecology</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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This species occurs in moist upland forests of the Mata
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Atlântica">Atlantica</normalizedToken>
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Complex, also also in the
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">tabuleiro</emphasis>
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forests that occur on red-yellow dystrophic podzols in the low, flat, subcoastal tablelands of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
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Santo.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">There is no literature or herbarium label data that shed light on the pollination or dispersers of this species. It is known to flower in Aug-Feb and fruit Jan-Sep.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="common names">
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Common names.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
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Santo:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="taipá">taipa</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Spada 51</emphasis>
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, NY),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="cajá">caja</normalizedToken>
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(
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Folli 1608</emphasis>
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, NY).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="economic botany">
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Economic botany.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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The fruits of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias venulosa" order="Sapindales" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="venulosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Spondias venulosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are edible and occasionally used to make juices; most fruits are wild-collected (
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<bibRefCitation author="Lorenzi, H" journalOrPublisher="Instituto Plantarum de Estudos da Flora Ltda, Nova Odessa, Brazil" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="B98" refString="Lorenzi, H, Bacher, LB, Sartori, SF, Lacerda, MTC, 2006. Brazilian fruits and cultivated exotics (for consuming in natura). Instituto Plantarum de Estudos da Flora Ltda, Nova Odessa, Brazil" title="Brazilian fruits and cultivated exotics (for consuming in natura)" year="2006">Lorenzi et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
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). The species is not widely planted in home gardens; it is found in some Brazilian parks, botanical gardens and arboreta, e.g., Belo Horizonte (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Macedo 5451</emphasis>
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, US), Rio de Janeiro (pers. obs. and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Kuhlmann s.n. (GUA 11051)</emphasis>
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, GUA), Itabuna (Bahia,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Hage 230</emphasis>
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, NY), and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Gehrt [Hatschbach] s.n. (SP 39886)</emphasis>
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, NY, SP).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="selected specimens examined">
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<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Selected specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">BRAZIL. Bahia</emphasis>
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: Mun. Senhor do Bonfim, Povoado de Estiva, Serra de Santana,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-10.365833">10°21'57"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="40" direction="west" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="51" value="-40.197502">40°11'51"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 689 m, 13 July 2005, Cardoso et al. 716 (NY); Anguera, Fazenda Retiro, ca. 18 km from Feira de Santana, on
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Feijão-Ipirá">Feijao-Ipira</normalizedToken>
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road,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="42" value="-12.161666">12°09'42"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="39" direction="west" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="02" value="-39.18389">39°11'02"W</geoCoordinate>
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, elev. 300-600 m, 22 May 2007, Cardoso & Santos 1935 (NY); Mun. Mairi, km 41 Capim Grosso-Mairi road,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-11.65">11°39'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="40" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-40.133335">40°08'W</geoCoordinate>
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, elev. 460 m, 21 Sep 1996, Pereira-Silva et al. 3638 (NY); Mun. Feira de Santana, Campus of Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-12.25">12°15'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="38" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-38.966667">38°58'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 31 Jan 1992, Queiroz 2604 (NY); Mun.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Itajú">Itaju</normalizedToken>
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da
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Colônia">Colonia</normalizedToken>
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, 7.5 km SE of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Itajú">Itaju</normalizedToken>
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do
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Colônia">Colonia</normalizedToken>
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on road to Palmira, 15°09'13.1"S, 39°39'27.6"W, elev. 250 m, 19 Mar 2001, Thomas et al. 12363 (MO, NY);
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
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Santo
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</emphasis>
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: Mun. Brejal, 15 km N of Colatina, dirt path along left bank of rio Pancas, approx.
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-19.383333">19°23'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="40" direction="west" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-40.683334">40°41'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 28 Jan 1997, Arbo et al. 7777 (CEPEC, GH);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Águas">Aguas</normalizedToken>
|
||
Claras, Escola
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Agroecológica">Agroecologica</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="32" value="-18.892221">18°53'32"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="40" direction="west" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="-40.73">40°43'48"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elev. 300-500 m, 6 Jun 2006, Demuner et al. 2382 (NY); Rio Bananal, Alto Bananal, property of Jonas Graci,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="56" value="-19.24889">19°14'56"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="40" direction="west" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-40.41639">40°24'59"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elev. 300-600 m, 25 Apr 2007, Demuner et al. 3783 (NY); Reserva Vale (BR-101 Norte, km 122), Estrada Flamengo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="14" value="19.120556">19°07'14"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-30.916388">30°54'59"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1 Mar 2011, Stefano et al. 201 (NY, RB);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Minas Gerais</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aimorés">Aimores</normalizedToken>
|
||
, km 15.5 of BR-259 highway, in pasture, 18 Oct 2004, Luz 248 (CVRD, NY); Belo Horizonte,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Praça">Praca</normalizedToken>
|
||
Benjamin
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guimarães">Guimaraes</normalizedToken>
|
||
, no cruzamento com avenidas
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Getúlio">Getulio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Vargas, e Afonso Pena, 15 Sep 1988, Macedo 5451 (US)(cultivated); Parque Florestal Rio Doce, 2 Nov 1992, Stehmann s.n. (BHCB 20855) (BHCB, NY);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Rio de Janeiro</emphasis>
|
||
: Quinta da Boa Vista, 22 Oct 1930, Brade s.n. (R 73762)(R); Mun.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Armação">Armacao</normalizedToken>
|
||
dos
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Búzios">Buzios</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Fazenda Caravelas, S slope between
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Peró">Pero</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Caravelas beaches, 4 May 2000, Farney et al. 4083 (NY, RB); Rio de Janeiro, w/o date, Gaudichaud 826 (P; syntype of S. venulosa); Rio de Janeiro, Morro do Inglez [
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Inglês">Ingles</normalizedToken>
|
||
], Corcovado, 22 Aug 1886, Glaziou 827 (K, P; syntype of S. venulosa); Mun.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Pedro
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Aldeia">d'Aldeia</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Morro de Sapiatiba [Serra de Sepetiba], elev. 200-400 m, 10 Sep 1987, Leitman et al. 284 (NY, RB); Mun. Cabo Frio, new road to
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Búzios">Buzios</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Baia Formosa, entrance to
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Capão">Capao</normalizedToken>
|
||
da Pedra, Fazenda of Sr. Henrique Massala, 6 May 1987, Lima 2883 (NY, RB); Mun.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Niterói">Niteroi</normalizedToken>
|
||
, road to Itaipu, near entrance to Itacoatiara, base of slope of Serra da Tiririca, 25 Sep 1990, Lima et al. 3988 (NY, RB); Sete Pontes, 9 Feb 1876, Rohan 43 (R 73728)(R); Rio de Janeiro, 1816-1821, St.-Hilaire 1026 (K, P);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Niterói">Niteroi</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Pico do Alto
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mourão">Mourao</normalizedToken>
|
||
[
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Moirão">Moirao</normalizedToken>
|
||
], between
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Niterói">Niteroi</normalizedToken>
|
||
and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Maricá">Marica</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 6 Aug 1991, Santim [Santin?] et al. s.n. (RB 300478) (NY, RB); Mun.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Niterói">Niteroi</normalizedToken>
|
||
, between Campos and Morro do
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Côco">Coco</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 8 Sep 1964, Trinta & Fromm 1050 (NY);
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Paulo
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Paulo, 29
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="53" pageNumber="54" start="start">Nov</pageBreakToken>
|
||
1938, Gehrt [Hatschbach] s.n. (SP 39886) (NY, SP) (cultivated); Campinas, 18 Nov 1936, Hoehne & Gehrt [Hatschbach] s.n. (SP 36835)(NY) (cultivated).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
We consider this species to be of Least Concern. It is rather widespread in the Atlantic Coastal Forest of Brazil, and despite severe fragmentation of that
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="region’s">region's</normalizedToken>
|
||
lowland forests, it appears to thrive in even rather small forest fragments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||
The similarities and differences between this species and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. D. Mitch. & Daly" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Spondias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spondias admirabilis" order="Sapindales" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="admirabilis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Spondias admirabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are discussed under the latter species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |