treatments-xml/data/03/85/87/038587C9743CAA7146D2FD31FB2C0415.xml

<document id="61DD546BF6B13B0066B582C7ECBEC1F7" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.1868.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5133591" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1627158332512" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Dennis, D. Steve, Barnes, Jeffrey K. &amp; Knutson, Lloyd" docDate="2008" docId="038587C9743CAA7146D2FD31FB2C0415" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01868p098.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1868 (1)" docSource="https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1868.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleId="C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Machimus lecythus Dennis &amp; Barnes &amp; Knutson 2008, new combination" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="86" masterDocId="FFBCFFB1746FAA244645FFF3FFED074F" masterDocTitle="Pupal cases of Nearctic robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="98" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="84" updateTime="1699021410005" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="B96D3753081CB2B55509B8D1970964F5">Pupal cases of Nearctic robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1D2A03D4D4978580EDBCF764C3053F2D">Barnes, Jeffrey K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="BB662391AA302D013A3FF19F049C4476">2008</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF743CAA7746D2FD31FD330593" blockId="83.[151,734,706,767]" box="[151,734,706,732]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<heading id="D0DB81B3743CAA7746D2FD31FD330593" bold="true" box="[151,734,706,732]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B958EACD743CAA7746D2FD31FD330593" bold="true" box="[151,734,706,732]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C743CAA7746D2FD31FE160593" ID-CoL="6R2JH" authority="(Walker)" authorityName="Dennis &amp; Barnes &amp; Knutson" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="Walker" box="[151,507,706,732]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Machimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lecythus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B958EACD743CAA7746D2FD31FE6C0593" bold="true" box="[151,385,706,732]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Machimus lecythus</emphasis>
(Walker)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B57B6743CAA77444DFD31FD330593" box="[520,734,706,732]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" rank="species">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="8B9336DF743CAA7746D2FD16FF1005B0" blockId="83.[151,734,706,767]" box="[151,253,741,767]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
(
<figureCitation id="13172A5A743CAA7746DAFD16FF1905B0" box="[159,244,741,767]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="84.[151,255,1683,1707]" captionText="FIGURE 51. Machimus lecythus (Walker), lateral view." pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF743CAA7746D2FCC3FCDE048D" blockId="83.[151,1437,816,2002]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<materialsCitation id="3B443C82743CAA7746D2FCC3FCC2048D" collectionCode="VI" collectorName="H. E. Smith &amp; W. Springfield No." country="United States of America" location="The" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" specimenCode="VI 15" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1">
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following description is based on 
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and 
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pupal cases of 
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<emphasis id="B958EACD743CAA774216FCC3FB310406" box="[1107,1244,816,841]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">M. lecythus</emphasis>
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with associated pinned adults from the 
<collectingCountry id="F33B764F743CAA7747E2FCABFDA9043D" box="[423,580,856,882]" name="United States of America" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">United States</collectingCountry>
National Museum. All 
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are labeled &quot;Agawam, Mass.; on 15 
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; 
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collector.” The male is also labeled &quot; 
<collectorName id="26D95309743CAA77450EFC73FBC004D5" box="[843,1069,896,922]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">W. Springfield No.</collectorName>
915342;&quot; the 
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bear similar labels, but with the numbers 915276 and 915332
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF743CAA774683FC23FA6503FD" blockId="83.[151,1437,816,2002]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B2E743CAA774683FC23FE0204A5" author="Martin, C. H. &amp; Wilcox, J." box="[198,495,976,1002]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="360 - 401" refId="ref55356" refString="Martin, C. H. &amp;. Wilcox, J. (1965) Family Asilidae. In: Stone, A., Sabrosky, C. W., Wirth, W. W., Foote, R. H., &amp; Coulson, J. R. (Eds.), A Catalog of Diptera of North America. United States Department of Agriculture Handbook, 276, 360 - 401." type="journal article" year="1965">Martin &amp; Wilcox (1965)</bibRefCitation>
listed this species among a total of 38 cataloged in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C743CAA7742A0FC23FAC004A6" box="[1253,1325,976,1001]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Asilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B958EACD743CAA7742A0FC23FAC004A6" box="[1253,1325,976,1001]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Asilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in North American north of 
<collectingCountry id="F33B764F743CAA774730FC0BFE3F035D" box="[373,466,1016,1042]" name="Mexico" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B2E743CAA774799FC0BFD6C035D" author="Martin, C. H." box="[476,641,1016,1042]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref55302" refString="Martin, C. H. (1975) The generic and specific characters of four old and six new Asilini genera in the western United States, Mexico, and Central America (Diptera: Asilidae). Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences, 119, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1975">Martin (1975)</bibRefCitation>
transferred the species to 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C743CAA7745F5FC0BFBF2035E" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1848" box="[944,1055,1016,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Eutolmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B958EACD743CAA7745F5FC0BFBF2035E" box="[944,1055,1016,1041]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Eutolmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(misspelled as 
<emphasis id="B958EACD743CAA774296FC0BFAB7035E" box="[1235,1370,1016,1041]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Eutolmerus</emphasis>
), and it thus became the only Nearctic representative of an otherwise Palaearctic genus. In their updated catalog of Nearctic robber flies, Fisher and Wilson (in litt.) have transferred 14 North American 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C743CAA77423AFBBBFACF032D" box="[1151,1314,1096,1122]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Asilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B958EACD743CAA77423AFBBBFB2B032E" box="[1151,1222,1096,1121]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Asilus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
to 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C743CAA774302FBBBFF2B03C6" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Machimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B958EACD743CAA774302FBBBFF2B03C6" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Machimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C743CAA774717FB83FE3803C6" authorityName="Dennis &amp; Barnes &amp; Knutson" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="Dennis &amp; Barnes &amp; Knutson" baseAuthorityYear="2008" box="[338,469,1136,1161]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Machimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lecythus">
<emphasis id="B958EACD743CAA774717FB83FE3803C6" box="[338,469,1136,1161]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">A. lecythus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. They transferred the other species to 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C743CAA7745F5FB83FBA903C6" box="[944,1092,1136,1161]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Dicropaltum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B958EACD743CAA7745F5FB83FBA903C6" box="[944,1092,1136,1161]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Dicropaltum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C743CAA774212FB83FB2603C6" box="[1111,1227,1136,1161]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Negasilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B958EACD743CAA774212FB83FB2603C6" box="[1111,1227,1136,1161]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Negasilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C743CAA774299FB83FA7903C6" authorityName="Osten Sacken" authorityYear="1878" box="[1244,1428,1136,1161]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Neomochtherus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B958EACD743CAA774299FB83FA7903C6" box="[1244,1428,1136,1161]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Neomochtherus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C743CAA7746D2FB6BFEF303FE" authorityName="Martin" authorityYear="1975" box="[151,286,1176,1201]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Polacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B958EACD743CAA7746D2FB6BFEF303FE" box="[151,286,1176,1201]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Polacantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C743CAA774769FB6BFE3E03FE" authorityName="Martin" authorityYear="1975" box="[300,467,1176,1201]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Prolatiforceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B958EACD743CAA774769FB6BFE3E03FE" box="[300,467,1176,1201]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Prolatiforceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<emphasis id="B958EACD743CAA774451FB6BFD8403FE" box="[532,617,1176,1201]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C743CAA774451FB6BFD8B03FE" authorityName="Martin" authorityYear="1975" box="[532,614,1176,1201]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Wyliea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Wyliea</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
leaving only 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C743CAA77454FFB6BFC0003FD" authority="Say" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1823" box="[778,1005,1176,1202]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Asilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeus">
<emphasis id="B958EACD743CAA77454FFB6BFC5403FE" box="[778,953,1176,1201]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Asilus sericeus</emphasis>
Say
</taxonomicName>
in an otherwise widespread genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF743CAA774680FB33FCB10235" blockId="83.[151,1437,816,2002]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
Description: Greatest length, including anterior antennal processes, 
<specimenCount id="9D2AFD56743CAA774598FB4CFC1C039C" box="[989,1009,1215,1235]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
16.0 mm, 
<specimenCount id="9D2AFD56743CAA774228FB4CFB6C039C" box="[1133,1153,1215,1235]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
16.5–18.0 mm; greatest width of thorax 
<specimenCount id="9D2AFD56743CAA774716FB14FE8A03B4" box="[339,359,1255,1275]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
<quantity id="4CD49B3A743CAA77472BFB1BFE27024D" box="[366,458,1256,1282]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D2AFD56743CAA774792FB14FE0603B4" box="[471,491,1255,1275]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
4.0 mm; greatest width of abdomen 
<specimenCount id="9D2AFD56743CAA7745DEFB14FC4203B4" box="[923,943,1255,1275]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
<quantity id="4CD49B3A743CAA7745F0FB1BFBFF024D" box="[949,1042,1256,1282]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" unit="mm" value="3.3">3.3 mm</quantity>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D2AFD56743CAA77425BFB14FBDF03B4" box="[1054,1074,1255,1275]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<quantity id="4CD49B3A743CAA77427CFB1BFB78024D" box="[1081,1173,1256,1282]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
, tapering to 
<specimenCount id="9D2AFD56743CAA774362FB14FAD603B4" box="[1319,1339,1255,1275]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
1.0 mm and 
<specimenCount id="9D2AFD56743CAA77468EFAFCFF32026C" box="[203,223,1295,1315]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
1.0 mm at greatest width of abdominal segment 8. Integument subshining golden brown; spines and other processes glistening reddish brown, darker apically except for uniformly colored dorsal abdominal spurs and spines; bristle­like spines yellowish to yellowish brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF743CAA774680FA7BFDF30045" blockId="83.[151,1437,816,2002]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Head with pair of dorsally flattened, ventrally wedge­shaped anterior antennal processes not joined at base and group of 3 subequal, basally fused posterior antennal processes located ventrolaterally on each side, middle and outer posterior processes closer together and fused for greater distance, appearing shorter than inner posterior process; outer posterior process wide entire length, apically blunt to more acute and with oval flat area, with an outer lip basally toward dorsum; inner and middle posterior processes tapering and rounded to more acute apically. Labral sheath rugose with posterior tubercle­like keel. Proboscial sheath smooth to rugulose posteriorly and on each side of midline; with shallow median groove posteriorly separated from small tubercle by area of flattened cuticle. Maxillary sheath rugulose on inner margin, otherwise smooth to irregularly rugulose; posterior processes absent, but sometimes with small tubercle­like swelling on inner margin near middle of proboscial sheath.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF743CAA704683F8EBFD050665" blockId="83.[151,1437,816,2002]" lastBlockId="84.[151,1436,152,298]" lastPageId="84" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
Anterior coxal sheath smooth to irregularly rugulose, especially on margins, with anterior, median, longitudinal split. Prothoracic spiracle elongate­oval, directed somewhat posteriorly, on small callosity with small anterior ridge, situated midlaterally at anterior margin of thorax. Anterior mesothoracic spines apically acute, situated above bases of sheaths of mid legs; posterior spine straight, about 2 times as wide as and 1.5–2.0 times as long as posteriorly curved anterior spine. Posterior mesothoracic callosity smooth except for rugose margin, with apically rounded to acute posterior mesothoracic spine. Wing sheath rugose on posterior third, irregularly rugose on anterior two­thirds; basal and median tubercles absent. Thoracic area above wing sheath irregularly rugulose. Apex of hind leg sheath reaching to middle of abdominal segment 
<quantity id="4CD49B3A743BAA7042E3FF1BFB39064D" box="[1190,1236,232,258]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
female, between middle and posterior margin of segment 
<quantity id="4CD49B3A743BAA704436FEE3FD4D0665" box="[627,672,272,298]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
male.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF536657743BAA7046D2F960FD0201E4" box="[151,751,1683,1707]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" startId="84.[151,255,1683,1707]">
<paragraph id="8B9336DF743BAA7046D2F960FD0201E4" blockId="84.[151,751,1683,1707]" box="[151,751,1683,1707]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B958EACD743BAA7046D2F960FECB01E4" bold="true" box="[151,294,1683,1707]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">FIGURE 51.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D5C743BAA704768F967FD8C01E4" authority="(Walker)" authorityName="Dennis &amp; Barnes &amp; Knutson" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="Dennis &amp; Barnes &amp; Knutson" baseAuthorityYear="2008" box="[301,609,1684,1707]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Machimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lecythus">
<emphasis id="B958EACD743BAA704768F967FE1701E4" box="[301,506,1684,1707]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Machimus lecythus</emphasis>
(Walker)
</taxonomicName>
, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF743BAA704683F8F5FB11006F" blockId="84.[151,1437,1798,2024]" box="[198,1276,1798,1824]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Abdominal spiracles elongate­oval, reddish brown, elevated slightly along midline laterally.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF743BAA704680F8DDFD4600D7" blockId="84.[151,1437,1798,2024]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Abdominal segment 1 with dorsal transverse row of 10–11 long, apically recurved spurs, sometimes with short outer spines; dorsolateral bristle­like spines absent; with 3 lateral bristle­like spines behind each spiracle; venter obscured by wing and leg sheaths.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF743BAA714680F855FD660795" blockId="84.[151,1437,1798,2024]" lastBlockId="85.[151,1438,152,858]" lastPageId="85" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Segments 2–6 with 1–3 small, short dorsolateral spines on each side and dorsomedian row of 6 long, straight to slightly recurved, apically acute spurs alternating with 5 short, straight spines; spines apically blunt on anterior segments and more acute on posterior segments; segment 7 similar to 2–6, but outermost short spine sometimes absent on 1 or both sides.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF743AAA714680FF1BFB7D0665" blockId="85.[151,1438,152,858]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Segments 2–7 with 8–12 dorsolateral and 4–7 lateral, straight to apically recurved, unequal bristle­like spines on each side; with fewer bristle­like spines on progressively posterior segments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF743AAA714680FECBFD9A06ED" blockId="85.[151,1438,152,858]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Segment 2 with 7–9 recurved ventral bristle­like spines on each side of and extending under hind leg sheaths; segments 3–6 and 7 with complete ventral transverse row of 25–31 and 21–24 straight to apically recurved bristle­like spines, respectively.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF743AAA714680FE43FF1B05DD" blockId="85.[151,1438,152,858]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Segment 8 of male with 1 long and 1 shorter dorsolateral reddish­brown spur on each side of dorsal midline; segment 8 of female with 1–2 subequal dorsolateral spurs on each side of dorsal midline; both male and female with small, reddish­brown spiracle at lateral midline; with 4–7 lateral bristle­like spines on each side; venter of male with transverse row of 17 bristle­like spines, with outer spines curved toward midline; venter of female with 1–2 ventrolateral bristle­like spines curved toward midline, outermost spines sometimes straight.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9336DF743AAA714680FD53FB2C0415" blockId="85.[151,1438,152,858]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Segment 9 with pair of long, recurved dorsal posterolateral processes and pair of short, apically recurved ventral posterolateral processes. Female with pair of fairly long, approximate, terminal posteroventral tubercles; pair of low, basally fused ventromedian tubercles; and pair of low, basally fused tubercles at the junction of abdominal segments 8 and 9. Male with pair of widely separated terminal posteroventral processes, pair of widely separated ventromedian processes, and rugose area at junction of segments 8 and 9.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>