113 lines
13 KiB
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113 lines
13 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="184F0E90C28B2385B1785D4A0EABDA91">The Ecology And Migrations Of Sea Turtles 8. Tests Of The Developmental Habitat Hypothesis</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="977B3BB3F898952D35743CE36992896D">Meylan, Peter A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F31EC0D42BCFF6232D1C4B2A77D877FB">Meylan, Anne B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6A441595D7776516CD39F4252BF954FB">Gray, Jennifer A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="40A5767817439813128ED8845278C125">2011</mods:date>
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<heading id="D0DB81E44716FFD33E6796EAFB98FC39" box="[829,1099,982,1005]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D0B4716FFD33E6796EAFB98FC39" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[829,1099,982,1005]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imbricata">
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<emphasis id="B958EA9A4716FFD33E6796EAFB98FC39" box="[829,1099,982,1005]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">Eretmochelys imbricata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33665034716FFD03F809134FF16FC7C" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9336884716FFD33F809134FCFEFAB5" blockId="49.[701,1228,1032,1759]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">
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<collectingCountry id="F33B76184716FFD33F809134FC87FBCB" box="[730,852,1032,1056]" name="Bermuda" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">BERMUDA</collectingCountry>
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: Only two recaptures of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D0B4716FFD339CB9137FCF6FBE9" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B958EA9A4716FFD339CB9137FCF6FBE9" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">Eretmochelys</emphasis>
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in Bermuda were made through 2005, one after four months and one after four years. The hawksbill recaptured after four years was found in the same set of reefs where it had originally been tagged. Its very slow rate of growth (
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/yr) suggests that hawksbills that arrive in Bermuda at approximately
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SCL (see above) could reside there for periods of more than 30 years if this growth rate is typical and they stay to a size of
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9336884716FFD03F809054FF16FC7C" blockId="49.[701,1228,1032,1759]" lastBlockId="50.[93,620,211,936]" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">
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THE LITERATURE:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B794716FFD33EE39056FBB6FA54" author="Meylan, A. B." box="[953,1125,1386,1408]" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" pagination="189 - 194" refId="ref41165" refString="Meylan, A. B. 1999. International movements of immature and adult hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) in the Caribbean region. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 3: 189 - 194." type="journal article" year="1999">Meylan (1999)</bibRefCitation>
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suggest- ed that high rates of recapture of immature
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D0B4716FFD33FE79098FC85FA6F" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[701,854,1444,1467]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B958EA9A4716FFD33FE79098FC85FA6F" box="[701,854,1444,1467]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">Eretmochelys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on the foraging grounds where they were tagged indicate long-term residency in developmental habitats. At all sites report- ed in the literature (table 11), there was some evidence of residency or site fidelity. The most detailed study of immatures on a foraging ground is that of van Dam and Diez (1998a) at Mona Island,
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<collectingCountry id="F33B76184716FFD33969934EFB1BF953" box="[1075,1224,1649,1671]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
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. At this site,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2C4D0B4716FFD33E0793B2FC25F971" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[861,1014,1678,1701]" class="Reptilia" family="Cheloniidae" genus="Eretmochelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="49" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B958EA9A4716FFD33E0793B2FC25F971" box="[861,1014,1678,1701]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="49">Eretmochelys</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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that were recaptured an average of 465 ± 331 days after tagging had moved less than half a kilometer (
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). More detailed data using sonic tags for
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<specimenCount id="9D2AFD014715FFD03C5795CEFE17FEDC" box="[269,452,242,264]" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" type="immature">three immature</specimenCount>
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hawksbills at Mona Island revealed home ranges between 0.07 and
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<quantity id="4CD49B6D4715FFD03D969411FEF9FE96" box="[204,298,300,322]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" unit="km" value="0.21">0.21 km</quantity>
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. These authors concluded that immature hawksbills at this site appear resident for periods of ‘‘at least several years’’.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B794715FFD03D9A94B8FEA1FE4E" author="Limpus, C. J." box="[192,370,388,410]" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" pagination="489 - 506" refId="ref40162" refString="Limpus, C. J. 1992. The hawksbill turtle, Eretmochelys imbricata, in Queensland: population structure within a southern Great Barrier Reef feeding ground. Wildlife Research 19: 489 - 506." type="journal article" year="1992">Limpus (1992)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B794715FFD03CE594B8FF75FE6C" author="Limpus, C. J. & J. D. Miller & I. P. Bell & D. J. Limpus" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" pagination="107 - 124" refId="ref40601" refString="Limpus, C. J., J. D. Miller, I. P. Bell, and D. J. Limpus. 2008. Eretmochelys imbricata foraging populations in eastern Australia. In C. J. Limpus and J. D. Miller (editors), Australian Hawksbill Turtle Population Dynamics Project: 107 - 124. [Brisbane]: State of Queensland Environmental Protection Agency." type="book chapter" year="2008">Limpus et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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came to a similar conclusion about hawksbills on the southern Great Barrier Reef. They suggested that hawksbills there have home ranges that are restricted to a single reef and that individuals occupy small areas for extended periods that may regularly reach 10 years in length.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD4B794715FFD03CF6976EFF75FD50" author="Leon, Y. M. & C. E. Diez" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" pagination="230 - 236" refId="ref40054" refString="Leon, Y. M., and C. E. Diez. 1999. Population structure of hawksbill turtles on a foraging ground in the Dominican Republic. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 3: 230 - 236." type="journal article" year="1999">Leon and Diez (1999)</bibRefCitation>
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reported an average distance between capture and recapture sites for 36 hawksbills on the south coast of
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<collectingCountry id="F33B76184715FFD03CF69795FDBFFD6B" box="[428,620,681,703]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="50" pageNumber="50">the Dominican</collectingCountry>
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Republic of 0.36 ±
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<quantity id="4CD49B6D4715FFD03C0997FAFE6BFD08" box="[339,440,710,732]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="50" pageNumber="50" unit="km" value="0.32">0.32 km</quantity>
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, less than that observed at Mona Island. Recapture rates of hawksbills at other foraging grounds dominated by immatures are consistent with the hypothesis that this species remains resident in a relatively small area over extended periods of time, at least on the order of 5– 10 years.
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</paragraph>
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