treatments-xml/data/9A/7F/87/9A7F879CFF9DFFC1288DFE251AF9FD76.xml

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<mods:title>Four new species of Aspidistra (Asparagaceae) from southern China</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lin, Chun-Rui</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-3539-5490</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China. &amp; chunruilin @ tom. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3539 - 5490</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">chunruilin@tom.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Xu, Wei-Bin</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-5602-8753</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China. &amp; gxibwbxu @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5602 - 8753</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Huang, Yu-Song</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0003-2693-8518</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China. &amp; huang-yusong @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2693 - 8518</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Wang, Bing-Mou</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-1103-2599</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou 511400, China. &amp; 451535625 @ qq. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1103 - 2599</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Liu, Yan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0001-8931-9656</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China. &amp; gxibly @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8931 - 9656</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<heading box="[136,939,468,495]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" reason="3">
<taxonomicName authority="C.R. Lin &amp; W.B. Xu" authorityName="C. R. Lin &amp; W. B. Xu" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,724,468,495]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="shiwandashanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,484,468,495]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Aspidistra shiwandashanensis</emphasis>
C.R. Lin &amp; W.B. Xu
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis box="[735,820,469,494]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[735,820,469,494]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[835,901,468,494]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,234,1969,1991]" captionTargetBox="[155,1427,317,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-67@2.[151,1435,278,1941]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Aspidistra shiwandashanensis sp. nov.: (A) Flowering plant; (B) Flower, apical view; (C) Perianth, dissected open to show stamens and pistil; (D) Stigma, upper view; (E) Pistil. (Drawn by Wen-Hong Lin)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7734484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7734484/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[915,930,468,494]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,234,1990,2012]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,713,1962]" captionTargetId="figure-169@3.[340,1247,713,1962]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Aspidistra shiwandashanensis sp. nov. (A–G): (A) habit, (B) flower, apical view, (C) buds, (D) flower with half of perianth removed showing stamens and pistil, (E) flowers, (F) stigma, upper view, (G) stigma lower view; (H) A. arnautovii subsp. catbaensis Tillich; (I) A. arnautovii var. angustifolia Wu &amp; Huang." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7734486" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7734486/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">2</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="122" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,544,746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,232,544,565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<collectionCode box="[136,202,544,565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2011-11-18" collectionCode="IBK, GXMG" collectorName="Chun-Rui Lin &amp; Wei-Bin Xu" country="China" county="Fangchenggang City" elevation="425" latitude="21.833334" location="Fu-long Town" longLatPrecision="1262" longitude="107.933334" municipality="Fangcheng District" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry box="[232,311,544,565]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">CHINA</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion box="[321,407,544,566]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty box="[416,617,544,566]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Fangchenggang City</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality box="[627,814,544,566]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Fangcheng District</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9A7F879CFF9DFFC1288DFE251AF9FD76:17096051FF9DFFC32B3DFDD11BE7FDF7" box="[824,963,544,566]" country="China" county="Fangchenggang City" latitude="21.833334" longLatPrecision="1262" longitude="107.933334" municipality="Fangcheng District" name="Fu-long Town" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" stateProvince="Guangxi">Fu-long Town</location>
, 
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, on rocks and along grassy streamside in forests, 
<geoCoordinate box="[563,651,580,602]" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" precision="925" value="21.833334">21°50’ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[661,759,580,602]" degrees="107" direction="east" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" precision="925" value="107.933334">107°56’ E</geoCoordinate>
, 
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<elevation box="[768,879,580,602]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="m" value="425.0" valueMax="450.0" valueMin="400.0">400–450 m</elevation>
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, not common, 
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<collectingDate box="[1020,1205,580,602]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" value="2011-11-18">18 November 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[1214,1345,580,601]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<collectorName box="[1214,1345,580,601]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Chun-Rui Lin</collectorName>
</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<collectorName pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Wei-Bin Xu</collectorName>
1030
</emphasis>
(
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: 
<collectionCode box="[381,429,616,637]" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13150" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13150" name="Guangxi Institute of Botany" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" type="Herbarium">IBK</collectionCode>
!, isotype: 
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!, 
<collectionCode box="[585,667,616,637]" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13154" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13154" name="Guangxi Medicinal Botanic Garden" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" type="Herbarium">GXMG</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="122" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,544,746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,267,651,673]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Diagnosis:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. R. Lin &amp; W. B. Xu" authorityYear="2023" box="[267,559,652,673]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="shiwandashanensis">
<emphasis box="[267,559,652,673]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Aspidistra shiwandashanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to 
<taxonomicName authority="Tillich (2005: 316)" authorityName="Tillich" authorityPageNumber="316" authorityYear="2005" box="[694,1401,652,674]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="arnautovii" subSpecies="catbaensis">
<emphasis box="[694,823,652,673]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. arnautovii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Tillich, H. J." box="[832,1019,652,674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" pagination="313 - 338" refId="ref7201" refString="Tillich, H. J. (2005) A key for Aspidistra (Ruscaceae), including fifteen new species from Vietnam. Feddes Repertorium 116: 313 - 338. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / fedr. 200511076" type="journal article" year="2005">Tillich (2005: 314)</bibRefCitation>
subsp. 
<emphasis box="[1104,1205,652,673]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">catbaensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Tillich, H. J." box="[1214,1401,652,674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" pagination="313 - 338" refId="ref7201" refString="Tillich, H. J. (2005) A key for Aspidistra (Ruscaceae), including fifteen new species from Vietnam. Feddes Repertorium 116: 313 - 338. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / fedr. 200511076" type="journal article" year="2005">Tillich (2005: 316)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
with leaves and flowers, but differs by perianth lobes ovate-lanceolate to narrow oblong, internally purplish red to blackish purple, stigma upper surface glabrous, not radial grooves.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,792,2079]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
Herbs perennial, evergreen, rhizomatous. Rhizome creeping, subterete, 
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thick, covered with scales, nodes dense. Vagina leaves 4–5, purple-red, 
<quantity box="[478,559,828,855]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="1.0">1–8 cm</quantity>
long, enveloping base of petiole, becoming black-brown when dry, fibrous when withered. Leaves solitary, ca. 
<quantity box="[474,583,864,891]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 mm</quantity>
apart; petiole stiff upright, 
<quantity box="[896,1008,864,891]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="cm" value="17.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="10.0">10–24 cm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity box="[1082,1176,864,891]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
thick, adaxially sulcate; leaf blade usually narrow elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, 
<quantity box="[770,884,900,927]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="cm" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20–30 cm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity box="[959,1044,900,927]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="cm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 cm</quantity>
wide, green, sometimes with small yellow-white spots on both surfaces, base cuneate to broadly cuneate, inequilateral, apex acuminate, margin entire. Peduncle arising from the nodes of apical part of rhizome, erect or declining, 
<quantity box="[1031,1117,972,999]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="cm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 cm</quantity>
long, with 4–5 bracts, bracts gradually wider from base to top of peduncle, the two most basal bracts ones of perianth broadly ovate-cucullate, pale green with purplish red spots, 
<quantity box="[476,569,1044,1071]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity box="[639,747,1044,1071]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8–10 mm</quantity>
wide, apex subobtuse. Flowers solitary; perianth campanulate, fleshy, externally pale green-white with purplish red or dark purplish red spots, internally purplish red to blackish purple, deeply 8-lobed apically; lobes explanate, bent outwards, subequal, ovate-lanceolate to narrow oblong, 
<quantity box="[1359,1452,1116,1143]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity box="[202,297,1152,1179]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 mm</quantity>
wide at base, apex obtuse, each lobe basally with 2 longitudinal keels, each keel basally fusing with a keel of the adjoining lobe and forming a protruding lip at the fusion point; tube 
<quantity box="[1062,1156,1188,1215]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 mm</quantity>
high, distal opening 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.0">9–12 mm</quantity>
in diameter; Stamens 8, opposite to lobes, inserted in the middle of perianth tube, positioned lower than stigma, filaments ca. 
<quantity box="[289,377,1260,1287]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long, anthers oblong, 
<quantity box="[633,727,1260,1287]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
long and 
<quantity box="[843,958,1260,1287]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 mm</quantity>
wide, pollen yellow; Pistil obconic, fleshy, purplish red, 
<quantity box="[288,404,1296,1323]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="7.25" valueMax="8.5" valueMin="6.0">6–8.5 mm</quantity>
long, ovary inconspicuous, style quadrangle, ca. 
<quantity box="[970,1036,1296,1323]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
long and 
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in diameter at base, gradually widened to stigma level, stigma enlarge, glabrous, 
<quantity box="[841,950,1332,1359]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="6.0">6–10 mm</quantity>
in diameter, upper surface slightly convex, densely purplish red mottled, and with 4 radial, white, bifurcate lines from center to margin, 4-lobed at margin, lobes emarginate at apex, lower surface with longitudinal 8-ridged. Flowering from October to December.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="122" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,792,2079]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,318,1440,1466]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Etymology</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[326,354,1440,1466]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">—</emphasis>
The specific epithet refers to the 
<typeStatus box="[717,765,1441,1467]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">type</typeStatus>
locality. The Chinese name is “ 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1116,1311,1441,1464]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">+ξψƦṚDZDz</emphasis>
”(pinyin: shí wàn shân zhî zhű bào dàn).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,792,2079]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,500,1512,1538]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Distribution and ecology:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. R. Lin &amp; W. B. Xu" authorityYear="2023" box="[528,869,1512,1538]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="shiwandashanensis">
<emphasis box="[528,869,1512,1538]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Aspidistra shiwandashanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently only known from the 
<typeStatus box="[1277,1325,1513,1539]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">type</typeStatus>
locality in Shiwandashan Natural Nature Reserve, Fangchenggang City and Dongxing county, in southern 
<collectingRegion box="[1238,1337,1548,1574]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry box="[1351,1422,1548,1574]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">China</collectingCountry>
. It grows on rocks along streams in secondary broadleaf forests at elevations about 
<quantity box="[1037,1167,1584,1611]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="m" value="475.0" valueMax="550.0" valueMin="400.0">
400– 
<specimenCount box="[1093,1167,1584,1611]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" type="generic">550 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,792,2079]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,406,1620,1646]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Similar species:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. R. Lin &amp; W. B. Xu" authorityYear="2023" box="[407,748,1620,1646]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="shiwandashanensis">
<emphasis box="[407,748,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Aspidistra shiwandashanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tillich" authorityYear="2005" box="[904,1262,1620,1646]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="arnautovii" subSpecies="catbaensis">
<emphasis box="[904,1055,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. arnautovii</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis box="[1144,1262,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">catbaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with leaves and flowers, but differs by perianth lobes ovate-lanceolate to narrow oblong (vs. triangular), internally purplish red to blackish purple (vs. blackish violet with yellow tips), stigma upper surface glabrous (vs. with fine radial grooves). The new species also close to 
<taxonomicName authority="L. Wu &amp; Y. F. Huang" authorityName="L. Wu &amp; Y. F. Huang" box="[473,1126,1728,1755]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="arnautovii" variety="angustifolia">
<emphasis box="[473,621,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. arnautovii</emphasis>
Tillich var. 
<emphasis box="[755,889,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">angustifolia</emphasis>
L. Wu &amp; Y.F. Huang
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation author="Wu, L. &amp; Huang, Y. F. &amp; Nong, D. X. &amp; Gao, Q." box="[1161,1404,1728,1755]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" pagination="321 - 323" refId="ref7706" refString="Wu, L., Huang, Y. F., Nong, D. X. &amp; Gao, Q. (2012) A new variety of Aspidistra from Guangxi, China. Guihaia 32 (2): 321 - 323. https: // doi. org / 10.3969 / j. issn. 1000 - 3142.2012.05.008" type="journal article" year="2012">
Wu 
<emphasis box="[1207,1264,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">et al.</emphasis>
(2012: 321)
</bibRefCitation>
, but can be easily distinguished by leaf blade narrow elliptic to oblong-lanceolate (vs. narrow lanceolate to nearly linear), 20–30 × 
<quantity box="[238,322,1800,1827]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="cm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 cm</quantity>
(vs. 20–53 × 
<quantity box="[472,581,1800,1826]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" unit="cm" value="1.6" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.2">1.2–2 cm</quantity>
), perianth lobes internally purplish red to blackish purple (vs. blackish violet with yellow tips), stigma upper surface glabrous (vs. with fine radial grooves), lower surface with 8-ridged (vs. 24- ridged). Moreover, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. R. Lin &amp; W. B. Xu" authorityYear="2023" box="[357,606,1872,1898]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="shiwandashanensis">
<emphasis box="[357,606,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. shiwandashanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles 
<taxonomicName authority="Yan Liu &amp; C. R. Lin" authorityName="Yan Liu &amp; C. R. Lin" box="[735,1156,1872,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctatoides">
<emphasis box="[735,911,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. punctatoides</emphasis>
Yan Liu &amp; C. R. Lin
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation author="Lin, C. R. &amp; Liu, Y." box="[1194,1451,1872,1898]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" pagination="189 - 193" refId="ref6641" refString="Lin, C. R., Liu, Y. (2011) Aspidistra punctatoides sp. nov. (Ruscaceae) from limestone areas in Guangxi, China. Nordic Journal of Botany 29: 189 - 193." type="journal article" year="2011">Lin &amp; Liu (2011: 189)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<taxonomicName authority="Lindley (1826: 977)" authorityName="Lindley" authorityPageNumber="977" authorityYear="1826" box="[184,550,1908,1934]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis box="[184,313,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">A. punctata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Lindley, J." box="[321,550,1908,1934]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" pagination="977" refId="ref6761" refString="Lindley, J. (1826) Aspidistra punctata Lindley. Botanical Register 12: t. 977." type="journal article" year="1826">Lindley (1826: 977)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, However, the new species can be distinguished from them by its perianth lobes purplish red to blackish purple, glabrous, stigma upper surface purplish red (see 
<tableCitation box="[1036,1118,1944,1970]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[137,229,160,184]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological comparison between Aspidistra shiwanshanensis, A. punctatoides and A. punctate." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/46A96602FF9FFFC1288CFF511D39FF75" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" tableUuid="46A96602FF9FFFC1288CFF511D39FF75">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,792,2079]" lastBlockId="2.[136,1452,158,256]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="123" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-05" collectingDateMax="2018-01-05" collectingDateMin="2016-01-16" collectorName="Chun-Rui Lin" country="China" location="Botany Garden of Guilin" municipality="Guilin City" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,696,1980,2006]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
Additional specimens examined (
<typeStatus box="[577,688,1980,2006]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">paratype</typeStatus>
)
</emphasis>
:— 
<collectingCountry box="[729,823,1980,2006]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">CHINA</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion box="[832,931,1980,2006]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality box="[941,1067,1980,2006]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Guilin City</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9A7F879CFF9DFFC1288DFE251AF9FD76:17096051FF9DFFC32C30F84C1D6EF814" box="[1077,1354,1980,2007]" country="China" municipality="Guilin City" name="Botany Garden of Guilin" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" stateProvince="Guangxi">Botany Garden of Guilin</location>
, taken to cultivation from the type locality, 
<date box="[509,694,2016,2043]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" value="2018-01-05">
<collectingDate box="[509,694,2016,2043]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" value="2018-01-05">05 January 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[703,916,2016,2042]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<collectorName box="[703,854,2016,2042]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Chun-Rui Lin</collectorName>
1080
</emphasis>
(cultivated plant collected from Fangchenggang City, Shiwandashan National Nature Reserve, 
<date box="[665,856,2052,2079]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" value="2016-01-16">16 January 2016</date>
, Shui-Song Mo)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-11-25" collectingDateMax="2020-11-25" collectingDateMin="2016-06-01" collectorName="Chun-Rui Lin" country="China" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="123" location="Fu-long Town" municipality="Fangchenggang City" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pinglongshan Valley">
<date box="[1061,1284,2052,2079]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" value="2020-11-25">
<collectingDate box="[1061,1284,2052,2079]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122" value="2020-11-25">25 November 2020</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="123" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">
<collectorName box="[1296,1451,2052,2078]" pageId="1" pageNumber="122">Chun-Rui Lin</collectorName>
1366
</emphasis>
(cultivated plant collected from 
<collectingMunicipality box="[554,786,158,184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Fangchenggang City</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9A7F879CFF9DFFC1288DFE251AF9FD76:17096051FF9EFFC02B19FF6F1B99FF7B" box="[796,957,158,185]" country="China" municipality="Fangchenggang City" name="Fu-long Town" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" stateProvince="Pinglongshan Valley">Fu-long Town</location>
, 
<collectingRegion box="[967,1198,158,184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Pinglongshan Valley</collectingRegion>
, 
<date box="[1208,1344,158,185]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" value="2016-06-01">1 June 2016</date>
, Yu-Song Huang)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-02-12" collectingDateMax="2022-02-12" collectingDateMin="2018-10-12" collectorName="Chun-Rui Lin" country="China" location="Pingfeng village" municipality="Dongxing City" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi">
<date box="[237,443,194,220]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" value="2022-02-12">
<collectingDate box="[237,443,194,220]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" value="2022-02-12">12 February 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis box="[456,676,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">
<collectorName box="[456,610,194,220]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Chun-Rui Lin</collectorName>
1445
</emphasis>
(cultivated plant collected from 
<collectingMunicipality box="[1051,1221,194,220]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Dongxing City</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingMunicipality box="[1235,1377,194,221]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">Ma-lu Town</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9A7F879CFF9DFFC1288DFE251AF9FD76:17096051FF9EFFC02D6AFF331934FEC2" country="China" municipality="Dongxing City" name="Pingfeng village" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" stateProvince="Guangxi">Pingfeng village</location>
, 
<date box="[283,474,230,256]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" value="2018-10-12">12 October 2018</date>
, by Chun-Rui Lin and Zhao-Cen Lu)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7734484" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7734484" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7734484/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" startId="2.[136,234,1969,1991]" targetBox="[155,1427,317,1912]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,1969,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,259,1969,1991]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[266,637,1969,1991]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="123">
<taxonomicName authority="Lin &amp; Xu &amp; Huang &amp; Wang &amp; Liu, 2023" authorityName="Lin &amp; Xu &amp; Huang &amp; Wang &amp; Liu" authorityYear="2023" box="[266,556,1969,1990]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="shiwandashanensis" status="sp. nov.">Aspidistra shiwandashanensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[563,637,1970,1991]" pageId="2" pageNumber="123" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
: (A) Flowering plant; (B) Flower, apical view; (C) Perianth, dissected open to show stamens and pistil; (D) Stigma, upper view; (E) Pistil. (Drawn by Wen-Hong Lin)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="46A96602FF9FFFC1288CFF511D39FF75" box="[137,1309,160,184]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/46A96602FF9FFFC1288CFF511D39FF75" pageId="3" pageNumber="124" startId="3.[137,229,160,184]" targetBox="[144,1442,197,549]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph blockId="3.[137,1309,160,184]" box="[137,1309,160,184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[137,256,160,184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphological comparison between 
<taxonomicName box="[654,950,160,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="shiwanshanensis">
<emphasis box="[654,950,160,184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">Aspidistra shiwanshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName box="[963,1129,160,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctatoides">
<emphasis box="[963,1129,160,184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">A. punctatoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName box="[1181,1303,160,184]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctate">
<emphasis box="[1181,1303,160,184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">A. punctate</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="124">
<table box="[144,1442,197,549]" gridcols="4" gridrows="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">
<tr box="[144,1442,197,219]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="124" rowspan-0="1">
<th box="[365,691,197,219]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">
<taxonomicName box="[365,555,197,219]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="shiwanshanensis">A. shiwanshanensis</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th box="[712,1055,197,219]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">
<taxonomicName box="[712,861,197,219]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctatoides">
<emphasis box="[712,861,197,219]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">A. punctatoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th box="[1079,1442,197,219]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis box="[1079,1189,198,219]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">A. punctata</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1442,229,251]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="124" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
<th box="[144,305,229,251]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">Perianth</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1442,261,283]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">
<th box="[144,305,261,283]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">Color</th>
<td box="[365,691,261,283]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">purplish red to blackish purple</td>
<td box="[712,1055,261,283]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">pale yellow-green with numerous</td>
<td box="[1079,1442,261,283]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">pale green and speckled with purplish</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1442,297,319]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="124" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1">
<td box="[712,1055,297,319]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">small purple spots</td>
<td box="[1079,1442,297,319]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">brown</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1442,329,351]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">
<th box="[144,305,329,351]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">Adaxial base</th>
<td box="[365,691,329,351]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">glabrous</td>
<td box="[712,1055,329,351]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">densely and minutely papillose</td>
<td box="[1079,1442,329,351]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">densely and minutely papillose</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1442,360,382]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="124" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
<th box="[144,305,360,382]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">Stigma</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1442,392,414]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">
<th box="[144,305,392,414]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">Color</th>
<td box="[365,691,392,414]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">purplish red</td>
<td box="[712,1055,392,414]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">white adaxially, blackish purple</td>
<td box="[1079,1442,392,414]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">white</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1442,428,450]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="124" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1">
<td box="[712,1055,428,450]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">abaxially</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1442,460,482]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">
<th box="[144,305,460,482]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">Adaxial surface</th>
<td box="[365,691,460,482]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">slightly convex, glabrous</td>
<td box="[712,1055,460,482]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">truncate, densely papillate</td>
<td box="[1079,1442,460,482]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">slightly convex, glabrous</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1442,492,514]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">
<th box="[144,305,492,514]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">Margin</th>
<td box="[365,691,492,514]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">slightly 4-lobed, lobes emarginate</td>
<td box="[712,1055,492,514]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">deep 3 or 4-lobed, lobes emarginate</td>
<td box="[1079,1442,492,514]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">undulate 8-lobed, lobes denticulate</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,1442,528,549]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="124" rowspan-0="1">
<td box="[365,691,528,549]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">at apex</td>
<td box="[712,1055,528,549]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">at apex</td>
<td box="[1079,1442,528,549]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">at apex</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[136,1452,593,692]" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,454,594,620]" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">Pollen morphology:—</emphasis>
The pollen grains are subspherical, inaperturate, pollen size is (28.94–) 33.68 (–37.65) × (28.24–) 30.01 (–32.94) μm (
<figureCitation box="[467,558,630,656]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[136,234,2013,2035]" captionTargetBox="[363,1225,821,1988]" captionTargetId="figure-311@12.[363,1225,821,1988]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Pollen morphology of Aspidistra under SEM: (A–B) A. shiwandashanensis; (C–D) A. ovatianthera; (E–F) A. yunbiaoi; (G–H) A. xiaoyunii." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7734503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7734503/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
). Pollen with gemmate exine, the prominent spores are nearly round, relatively large, similar in size and smooth in surface (
<figureCitation box="[631,720,666,692]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[136,234,2013,2035]" captionTargetBox="[363,1225,821,1988]" captionTargetId="figure-311@12.[363,1225,821,1988]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Pollen morphology of Aspidistra under SEM: (A–B) A. shiwandashanensis; (C–D) A. ovatianthera; (E–F) A. yunbiaoi; (G–H) A. xiaoyunii." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7734503" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7734503/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="124">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>