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<mods:title id="C28519FA6E445277194D8D73F9A07906">Stylet jaws of Chrysopetalidae (Annelida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C0E01B543937362FE4CE8C9D8E9977B7">Watson, Charlotte</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CBFAC3E1E0969F5B6FB6A897DFC77087">Faulwetter, Sarah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="CDBC05BEE43E2E0A4B78B78D714EF8D8">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C1338B7572095681E30882DBD3C1D068">47 - 48</mods:number>
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<paragraph id="8BFFA1148721134BFE0FFD3DFC85FCD8" blockId="37.[420,894,754,814]" box="[420,894,754,779]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">
<heading id="D0B716788721134BFE0FFD3DFC85FCD8" box="[420,894,754,779]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" reason="5">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978721134BFE53FD3DFC85FCD8" ID-CoL="84TLV" authority="Miura and Laubier, 1990" authorityName="Miura and Laubier" authorityYear="1990" box="[504,894,754,779]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Shinkai" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9347D068721134BFE53FD3DFDA8FCD8" bold="true" box="[504,595,754,779]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Shinkai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58721134BFDF7FD3DFC85FCD8" author="Miura T &amp; Laubier L" box="[604,894,754,779]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" pagination="319 - 325" refId="ref26042" refString="Miura T, Laubier L. 1990. Nautiliniellid Polychaetes collected from the Hatsushima cold-seep site in Sagami Bay with descriptions of new genera and species. Zool Sci. 7: 319 - 325." type="journal article" year="1990">Miura and Laubier, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35AF29F8721134BFE72FCDAFCC3FCB2" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFFA1148721134BFE72FCDAFCB1FCFD" blockId="37.[420,894,754,814]" box="[473,842,788,814]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">
(
<figureCitation id="137BBD918721134BFE4AFCDAFDA7FCFD" box="[481,604,789,814]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1111,1134]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1079]" captionTargetId="figure-175@3.[163,1153,142,1080]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Live photos: (a) Chrysopetalinae. Arichlidon gathofi Watson Russell, 2000a (~5 mm L); (b) Dysponetinae. Dysponetus pygmaeus (~3 mm L); (ce) Calamyzinae: (c) free-living Micospina aureobohnorum Watson et al., 2016 (~4mm L); (d) ectoparasite Calamyzas amphictenicola (~ 2 mm L); (e) symbiont Shinkai longipedata (~ 250 mm L). Copyright: a, c, e: © Greg Rouse; b: © Monika Kedra/ Slawomira Gromisz; d: © Fredrik Pleijel. All photos reproduced with permission by the copyright holders." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5184121/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Figures 1e</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="137BBD918721134BFDC0FCDAFD48FCFD" box="[619,691,788,814]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="38.[160,225,1447,1470]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1416]" captionTargetId="figure-41@38.[163,1153,142,1416]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 20. (a d) Anterior end of Shinkai longipedata (mCT-00401), imaged through micro-CT and rendered in 3D. False-colour volume rendering: warm colours higher densities; cold colours lower densities. (a) dorsal view; (b) lateroventral view; (c) lateral view, virtually dissected; (d) dorsal view, virtually dissected; (e) micro-CT image of jaws; (f) micrograph of jaws; (g) line drawing (camera lucida), jaws (dotted lines indicate indistinct form)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5184161/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">20ag</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="C6C294AF8721134BFD69FCDAFCDFFCFD" box="[706,804,789,814]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="9.[133,189,703,726]" captionText="Table 1. Comparison of pharyngeal and jaw characters." pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Tables 1</tableCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="C6C294AF8721134BFC9FFCDAFCB9FCFD" box="[820,834,789,814]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[133,189,583,606]" captionText="Table 2. Comparison of morphological characters." pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">2</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA1148721134BFF0BFC86FCC3FCB2" blockId="37.[160,824,841,865]" box="[160,824,841,865]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">
<typeStatus id="54FB1FB68721134BFF0BFC86FF2DFCB2" box="[160,214,841,865]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978721134BFE94FC86FCC3FCB2" authority="Miura and Laubier, 1990" authorityName="Miura and Laubier" authorityYear="1990" box="[319,824,841,865]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Shinkai" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sagamiensis">
<emphasis id="B9347D068721134BFE94FC86FDE0FCB2" box="[319,539,841,865]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Shinkai sagamiensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58721134BFD88FC86FCC3FCB2" author="Miura T &amp; Laubier L" box="[547,824,841,865]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" pagination="319 - 325" refId="ref26042" refString="Miura T, Laubier L. 1990. Nautiliniellid Polychaetes collected from the Hatsushima cold-seep site in Sagami Bay with descriptions of new genera and species. Zool Sci. 7: 319 - 325." type="journal article" year="1990">Miura and Laubier, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35AF29F8721134BFF0BFC5BFDE2FC27" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFFA1148721134BFF0BFC5BFE7BFC7D" blockId="37.[160,1155,916,1012]" box="[160,384,916,942]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">
<emphasis id="B9347D068721134BFF0BFC5BFE7BFC7D" bold="true" box="[160,384,916,942]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA1148721134BFF0BFC76FDE2FC27" blockId="37.[160,1155,916,1012]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">
One specimen
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978721134BFEF8FC76FCBAFC02" authority="Miura and Ohta, 1991" authorityName="Miura and Ohta" authorityYear="1991" box="[339,833,953,977]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Shinkai" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longipedata">
<emphasis id="B9347D068721134BFEF8FC76FDC9FC02" box="[339,562,953,977]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Shinkai longipedata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58721134BFD95FC76FCBAFC02" author="Miura T &amp; Ohta S" box="[574,833,953,977]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" pagination="383 - 387" refId="ref26078" refString="Miura T, Ohta S. 1991. Two polychaete species from the deep-sea hydrothermal vent in the Middle Okinawa Trough. Zool Sci Tokyo. 8: 383 - 387." type="journal article" year="1991">Miura and Ohta, 1991</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: SIO-BIC A1360,
<collectingCountry id="F357E1848721134BFBA0FC76FB78FC02" box="[1035,1155,953,977]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
Margin, East Pacific (mCT-00401).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35AF29F87211349FF0BFBE9FB9AFD44" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="2901" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFFA1148721134BFF0BFBE9FED7FB93" blockId="37.[160,562,1062,1123]" box="[160,300,1062,1088]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">
<emphasis id="B9347D068721134BFF0BFBE9FED7FB93" bold="true" box="[160,300,1062,1088]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA1148721134BFF0BFB84FDC9FBB0" blockId="37.[160,562,1062,1123]" box="[160,562,1099,1123]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Western and eastern Pacific Ocean.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA1148721134BFF0BFB59FF02FB63" blockId="37.[160,1156,1174,1408]" box="[160,249,1174,1200]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">
<emphasis id="B9347D068721134BFF0BFB59FF02FB63" bold="true" box="[160,249,1174,1200]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Habitat</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA1148721134BFF0BFB74FB78FA53" blockId="37.[160,1156,1174,1408]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978721134BFF0BFB74FEB1FB00" box="[160,330,1211,1235]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Shinkai" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B9347D068721134BFF0BFB74FF14FB00" box="[160,239,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Shinkai</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
are considered obligatory symbionts of the bivalves
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978721134BFC1FFB74FE82FB26" authority="Dall and Simpson, 1901" authorityName="Dall and Simpson" authorityYear="1901" class="Bivalvia" family="Vesicomyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">
Vesicomyidae
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58721134BFBF3FB74FE82FB26" author="Dall WH &amp; Simpson CT" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" pagination="351 - 524" refId="ref24188" refString="Dall WH, Simpson CT. 1901. The Mollusca of Puerto Rico. Bull US Fish Comm. 20: 351 - 524." type="journal article" year="1901">Dall and Simpson, 1901</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978721134BFE1FFB12FC9BFB26" authority="Kenk and Wilson, 1985" authorityName="Kenk and Wilson" authorityYear="1985" box="[436,864,1245,1269]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Bathymodiolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytilida" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9347D068721134BFE1FFB12FDADFB26" box="[436,598,1245,1269]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Bathymodiolus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58721134BFDF5FB12FC9BFB26" author="Kenk VC &amp; Wilson BR" box="[606,864,1245,1269]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" pagination="253 - 271" refId="ref25484" refString="Kenk VC, Wilson BR. 1985. A new mussel (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) from hydrothermal vents in the Galapagos Rift zone. Malacologia. 26: 253 - 271." type="journal article" year="1985">Kenk and Wilson, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, ~
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depth (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58721134BFDDAFACFFC77FACB" author="Miura T &amp; Laubier L" box="[625,908,1280,1304]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" pagination="319 - 325" refId="ref26042" refString="Miura T, Laubier L. 1990. Nautiliniellid Polychaetes collected from the Hatsushima cold-seep site in Sagami Bay with descriptions of new genera and species. Zool Sci. 7: 319 - 325." type="journal article" year="1990">Miura and Laubier 1990</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978721134BFC0EFACFFB7FFACB" authorityName="Miura and Ohta" authorityYear="1991" box="[933,1156,1280,1304]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Shinkai" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longipedata">
<emphasis id="B9347D068721134BFC0EFACFFB7FFACB" box="[933,1156,1280,1304]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Shinkai longipedata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens were collected from inside vesicomyid clams from active rock and bacterial mat seep sites off the
<collectingCountry id="F357E1848721134BFE0EFA8AFDE1FA8E" box="[421,538,1349,1373]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
Margin. A male and female adult pair were found to often inhabit a single clam between the gill lamellae and foot (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE58721134BFCC9FAA7FB8DFA53" author="Aguado MT &amp; Rouse GW" box="[866,1142,1384,1408]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" pagination="109 - 131" refId="ref23332" refString="Aguado MT, Rouse GW. 2011. Nautiliniellidae (Annelida) from Costa Rican cold seeps and a western Pacific hydrothermal vent, with description of four new species. Syst Biodivers. 9: 109 - 131." type="journal article" year="2011">Aguado and Rouse 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA1148721134BFF0BFA7CFE6DFA1E" blockId="37.[160,1156,1459,1727]" box="[160,406,1459,1485]" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">
<emphasis id="B9347D068721134BFF0BFA7CFE6DFA1E" bold="true" box="[160,406,1459,1485]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">General morphology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA11487211349FF0BFA18FD84FEDD" blockId="37.[160,1156,1459,1727]" lastBlockId="39.[160,1156,142,270]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="2901" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978721134BFF0BFA18FE85FA3C" authorityName="Miura and Ohta" authorityYear="1991" box="[160,382,1495,1519]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Shinkai" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longipedata">
<emphasis id="B9347D068721134BFF0BFA18FE85FA3C" box="[160,382,1495,1519]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Shinkai longipedata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
currently comprises the largest of all chrysopetalid species documented, with individuals attaining
<quantity id="4CB80CF18721134BFDE3FA35FD18F9C1" box="[584,739,1530,1554]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" unit="mm" value="175.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="150.0">150200 mm</quantity>
in length and 300400 segments (
<figureCitation id="137BBD918721134BFF0CF9D2FEEEF9E6" box="[167,277,1565,1589]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1111,1134]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1079]" captionTargetId="figure-175@3.[163,1153,142,1080]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Live photos: (a) Chrysopetalinae. Arichlidon gathofi Watson Russell, 2000a (~5 mm L); (b) Dysponetinae. Dysponetus pygmaeus (~3 mm L); (ce) Calamyzinae: (c) free-living Micospina aureobohnorum Watson et al., 2016 (~4mm L); (d) ectoparasite Calamyzas amphictenicola (~ 2 mm L); (e) symbiont Shinkai longipedata (~ 250 mm L). Copyright: a, c, e: © Greg Rouse; b: © Monika Kedra/ Slawomira Gromisz; d: © Fredrik Pleijel. All photos reproduced with permission by the copyright holders." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5184121/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Figure 1e</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA978721134BFE85F9D2FDF0F9E6" authorityName="Miura and Ohta" authorityYear="1991" box="[302,523,1565,1589]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Shinkai" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longipedata">
<emphasis id="B9347D068721134BFE85F9D2FDF0F9E6" box="[302,523,1565,1589]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Shinkai longipedata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
displays a simplified morphology of the anterior end with a blunt, lobe-shaped prostomium completely fused with segment 1 and with undifferentiated lateral antennae and palps (both short, cirri-like structures) (
<figureCitation id="137BBD918721134BFF0CF94AFEB8F94E" box="[167,323,1669,1693]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="38.[160,225,1447,1470]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1416]" captionTargetId="figure-41@38.[163,1153,142,1416]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 20. (a d) Anterior end of Shinkai longipedata (mCT-00401), imaged through micro-CT and rendered in 3D. False-colour volume rendering: warm colours higher densities; cold colours lower densities. (a) dorsal view; (b) lateroventral view; (c) lateral view, virtually dissected; (d) dorsal view, virtually dissected; (e) micro-CT image of jaws; (f) micrograph of jaws; (g) line drawing (camera lucida), jaws (dotted lines indicate indistinct form)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5184161/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="2899">Figure 20a, d</figureCitation>
). Notopodia are very elongated and comprise large dorsal cirrophores with distal, short bulb-shaped dorsal cirri, lacking notoacicula and notochaetae. Neuropodia are shorter with distal, very short bulb-shaped ventral cirri and a small number of robust, short neuropodial hooks (
<figureCitation id="137BBD9187221348FD3DF94CFCD3F948" box="[662,808,1667,1691]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="38.[160,225,1447,1470]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1416]" captionTargetId="figure-41@38.[163,1153,142,1416]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 20. (a d) Anterior end of Shinkai longipedata (mCT-00401), imaged through micro-CT and rendered in 3D. False-colour volume rendering: warm colours higher densities; cold colours lower densities. (a) dorsal view; (b) lateroventral view; (c) lateral view, virtually dissected; (d) dorsal view, virtually dissected; (e) micro-CT image of jaws; (f) micrograph of jaws; (g) line drawing (camera lucida), jaws (dotted lines indicate indistinct form)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5184161/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="2900">Figure 20a, b</figureCitation>
) used for anchoring within gill tissues of the bivalve host. Simple neurochaetae exhibit internal longitudinal striations that are considered possible evidence of transformation from a fully camerated state, but internal horizontal diaphragms are lacking (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD1DCE587231349FD6AFF7EFC60FF1A" author="Aguado MT &amp; Nygren A &amp; Rouse GW" box="[705,923,177,201]" pageId="39" pageNumber="2901" pagination="610 - 628" refId="ref23259" refString="Aguado MT, Nygren A, Rouse GW. 2013. Two apparently unrelated groups of symbiotic annelids, Nautiliniellidae and Calamyzidae (Phyllodocida, Annelida) are a clade of derived chrysopetalid polychaetes. Cladistics. 29: 610 - 628." type="journal article" year="2013">Aguado et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
). Additional sensory structures appear minimal or are unknown; there is no identifiable body ciliation or nuchal development and eyes are absent.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3FF19C87221348FF0BFA68FD64F9E0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184161" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5184161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5184161/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="2900" startId="38.[160,225,1447,1470]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1416]" targetPageId="38">
<paragraph id="8BFFA11487221348FF0BFA68FD64F9E0" blockId="38.[160,1156,1446,1587]" pageId="38" pageNumber="2900">
<emphasis id="B9347D0687221348FF0BFA68FEF2FA6D" bold="true" box="[160,265,1447,1470]" pageId="38" pageNumber="2900">Figure 20.</emphasis>
(a
<emphasis id="B9347D0687221348FE86FA69FEC1FA6E" box="[301,314,1446,1469]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="2900"></emphasis>
d) Anterior end of
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA9787221348FE50FA68FD47FA6D" authorityName="Miura and Ohta" authorityYear="1991" box="[507,700,1447,1470]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Shinkai" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="38" pageNumber="2900" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longipedata">
<emphasis id="B9347D0687221348FE50FA68FD47FA6D" box="[507,700,1447,1470]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="2900">Shinkai longipedata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(mCT-00401), imaged through micro-CT and rendered in 3D. False-colour volume rendering: warm colours
<emphasis id="B9347D0687221348FC8CFA0BFCCFFA08" box="[807,820,1476,1499]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="2900"></emphasis>
higher densities; cold colours
<emphasis id="B9347D0687221348FBDDFA0BFB78FA08" box="[1142,1155,1476,1499]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="2900"></emphasis>
lower densities. (a) dorsal view; (b) lateroventral view; (c) lateral view, virtually dissected; (d) dorsal view, virtually dissected; (e) micro-CT image of jaws; (f) micrograph of jaws; (g) line drawing (camera lucida), jaws (dotted lines indicate indistinct form).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFFA11487231349FF0BFE8AFE8CFE8C" blockId="39.[160,1155,325,663]" box="[160,375,325,351]" pageId="39" pageNumber="2901">
<emphasis id="B9347D0687231349FF0BFE8AFE8CFE8C" bold="true" box="[160,375,325,351]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="2901">Pharynx and jaws</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFFA11487231349FF0BFEA6FB9AFD44" blockId="39.[160,1155,325,663]" pageId="39" pageNumber="2901">
<taxonomicName id="4C40DA9787231349FF0BFEA6FE87FE52" authorityName="Miura and Ohta" authorityYear="1991" box="[160,380,361,385]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chrysopetalidae" genus="Shinkai" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="39" pageNumber="2901" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longipedata">
<emphasis id="B9347D0687231349FF0BFEA6FE87FE52" box="[160,380,361,385]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="2901">Shinkai longipedata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has an extremely short buccal organ in comparison to the overall length of the body. It extends between the first six anterior segments and consists of a short proboscis, an undifferentiated pharynx with broad internal septa and small posterior caeca. The very small paired stylets are situated close to each other at the top of the pharynx (
<figureCitation id="137BBD9187231349FEB9FE3BFE4FFDDF" box="[274,436,500,524]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="38.[160,225,1447,1470]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1416]" captionTargetId="figure-41@38.[163,1153,142,1416]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 20. (a d) Anterior end of Shinkai longipedata (mCT-00401), imaged through micro-CT and rendered in 3D. False-colour volume rendering: warm colours higher densities; cold colours lower densities. (a) dorsal view; (b) lateroventral view; (c) lateral view, virtually dissected; (d) dorsal view, virtually dissected; (e) micro-CT image of jaws; (f) micrograph of jaws; (g) line drawing (camera lucida), jaws (dotted lines indicate indistinct form)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5184161/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="2901">Figure 20c, d</figureCitation>
) and exhibit a modified platelet/stylet form. The micro-CT scanned jaws have a pointed, distal-most extension and an anterior, curved platelettype jaw extending to a posterior elongation (
<figureCitation id="137BBD9187231349FD6CFDF6FCB8FD82" box="[711,835,569,593]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="38.[160,225,1447,1470]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1416]" captionTargetId="figure-41@38.[163,1153,142,1416]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 20. (a d) Anterior end of Shinkai longipedata (mCT-00401), imaged through micro-CT and rendered in 3D. False-colour volume rendering: warm colours higher densities; cold colours lower densities. (a) dorsal view; (b) lateroventral view; (c) lateral view, virtually dissected; (d) dorsal view, virtually dissected; (e) micro-CT image of jaws; (f) micrograph of jaws; (g) line drawing (camera lucida), jaws (dotted lines indicate indistinct form)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5184161/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="2901">Figure 20e</figureCitation>
). Micrographs resolve their form a little further with the distal extension forming a triangular peak and the anterior jaw forming a fang that curves around to a grooved mid-jaw section (
<figureCitation id="137BBD9187231349FC6FFDB0FBAEFD44" box="[964,1109,639,663]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="38.[160,225,1447,1470]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1416]" captionTargetId="figure-41@38.[163,1153,142,1416]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 20. (a d) Anterior end of Shinkai longipedata (mCT-00401), imaged through micro-CT and rendered in 3D. False-colour volume rendering: warm colours higher densities; cold colours lower densities. (a) dorsal view; (b) lateroventral view; (c) lateral view, virtually dissected; (d) dorsal view, virtually dissected; (e) micro-CT image of jaws; (f) micrograph of jaws; (g) line drawing (camera lucida), jaws (dotted lines indicate indistinct form)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5184161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5184161/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="2901">Figure 20f, g</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>