270 lines
43 KiB
XML
270 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.35929/RSZ.0083" ID-ISSN="0035-418" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7761487" checkinTime="1679514280647" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Schwendinger, Peter J., Huber, Siegfried, Lehmann-Graber, Christina, Ono, Hirotsugu, Aung, Mu Mu & Hongpadharakiree, Komsan" docDate="2022" docId="03E18D717266034BB14CFE055693FE15" docLanguage="en" docName="RevSuisseZool.129.2.375-424.pdf" docOrigin="Revue suisse de Zoologie 129 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.35929/rsz.0083" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EA5207814960044D272DF5BE47DFF256.3:RevSuisseZool.2020-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="EA5207814960044D272DF5BE47DFF256" docStyleName="RevSuisseZool.2020-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Liphistius lordae Platnick & Sedgwick 1984" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="408" masterDocId="FFD8F50972460369B239FFEC5305FF92" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Liphistius birmanicus-group (Araneae: Liphistiidae) with the description of five new species" masterLastPageNumber="424" masterPageNumber="375" pageNumber="406" updateTime="1679571001943" updateUser="valdenar">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A taxonomic revision of the Liphistius birmanicus-group (Araneae: Liphistiidae) with the description of five new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Schwendinger, Peter J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève, C. P. 6404, CH- 1211 Genève 6, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Huber, Siegfried</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Ottenbohlstrasse 12, D- 88690 Mühlhofen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Lehmann-Graber, Christina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève, C. P. 6404, CH- 1211 Genève 6, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ono, Hirotsugu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4 - 1 - 1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 - 0005, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Aung, Mu Mu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Forest Research Institute, Forest Department, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hongpadharakiree, Komsan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Sirinart Rajini Mangrove Ecosystem Learning Center, Pranburi, Prachuab Khiri Khan Province, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Revue suisse de Zoologie</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-10-03</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>129</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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<mods:start>375</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.35929/rsz.0083</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.35929/RSZ.0083</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0035-418</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7761487</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761543" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7761543" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E18D717266034BB14CFE055693FE15" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E18D717266034BB14CFE055693FE15" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="408" pageId="32" pageNumber="406">
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<subSubSection box="[885,1382,489,513]" pageId="32" pageNumber="406" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[885,1382,489,546]" box="[885,1382,489,513]" pageId="32" pageNumber="406">
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<heading bold="true" box="[885,1382,489,513]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="406" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="72J5F" authority="Platnick & Sedgwick, 1984" authorityName="Platnick & Sedgwick" authorityYear="1984" box="[885,1382,489,513]" class="Arachnida" family="Liphistiidae" genus="Liphistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="32" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lordae">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[885,1382,489,513]" pageId="32" pageNumber="406">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[885,1071,489,513]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="406">Liphistius lordae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Platnick N. I. & Sedgwick W. C." box="[1078,1382,490,513]" pageId="32" pageNumber="406" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref37980" refString="Platnick N. I., Sedgwick W. C. 1984. A revision of the spider genus Liphistius (Araneae, Mesothelae). American Museum Novitates 2781: 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1984">Platnick & Sedgwick, 1984</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1063,1205,523,546]" pageId="32" pageNumber="406" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="32.[885,1382,489,546]" box="[1063,1205,523,546]" pageId="32" pageNumber="406">
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<figureCitation box="[1063,1129,523,546]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[151,186,1431,1452]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,257,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-270@7.[151,1436,257,1395]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 1. Localities of species in the Liphistius birmanicus-group in northern Thailand, eastern Myanmar and southern China. Blue lines indicate major rivers, black lines national borders, grey lines major roads." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761489/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="406">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[1142,1205,523,546]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="32.[151,186,1942,1963]" captionStartId-1="33.[151,186,1998,2019]" captionTargetBox-0="[159,1427,1125,1893]" captionTargetBox-1="[154,1432,751,1943]" captionTargetId-0="figure-353@32.[151,1436,1117,1903]" captionTargetId-1="figure-212@33.[151,1436,748,1947]" captionTargetPageId-0="32" captionTargetPageId-1="33" captionText-0="Fig. 17. Liphistius lordae, left palps of two males: male n°1 (A-B, D-G), male n°2 (C). (A) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Dorsal part of contrategulum and embolus proper, distal and slightly prolateral view. (C) Contrategulum, distal view. (D) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (F) Tibial apophysis, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale line 1.0 mm." captionText-1="Fig. 18. Liphistius lordae, vulval plates of four females; dorsal view (A, C, E, G) and ventral view (B, D, F, H); all taken from exuviae. (A-B) Female n°1. (C-D) Female n°2. (E-F) Female n°3. (G-H) Female n°4; note pathologically enlarged vesicle on left side of poreplate. Scale lines 1.0 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761535" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761539" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7761535/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7761539/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="406">17-18</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="406" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[831,1437,570,740]" pageId="32" pageNumber="406">
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<taxonomicName authority="Platnick & Sedgwick, 1984: 10 - 11" authorityName="Platnick & Sedgwick" authorityPageNumber="10 - 11" authorityYear="1984" box="[831,1384,570,591]" class="Arachnida" family="Liphistiidae" genus="Liphistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="32" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lordae">
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<emphasis box="[831,1002,570,591]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="406">Liphistius lordae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Platnick N. I. & Sedgwick W. C." box="[1016,1384,570,591]" pageId="32" pageNumber="406" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref37980" refString="Platnick N. I., Sedgwick W. C. 1984. A revision of the spider genus Liphistius (Araneae, Mesothelae). American Museum Novitates 2781: 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1984">Platnick & Sedgwick, 1984: 10-11</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, figs 18-19 (description of female). –
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<bibRefCitation author="Schwendinger P. J." pageId="32" pageNumber="406" pagination="331 - 351" refId="ref38065" refString="Schwendinger P. J. 1990. On the spider genus Liphistius (Araneae: Mesothelae) in Thailand and Burma. Zoologica Scripta 19 (3): 331 - 351." type="journal article" year="1990">Schwendinger, 1990: 332-334</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 5-10 (description of males and females). –
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<bibRefCitation author="Schwendinger P. J." box="[930,1136,660,681]" pageId="32" pageNumber="406" pagination="17 - 30" refId="ref38130" refString="Schwendinger P. J. 1998. Five new Liphistius species (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Thailand. Zoologica Scripta 27 (1): 17 - 30." type="journal article" year="1998">Schwendinger, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 1I (illustration of palpal organ). –
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<bibRefCitation author="Schwendinger P. J." box="[1018,1228,690,711]" pageId="32" pageNumber="406" pagination="371 - 377" refId="ref38160" refString="Schwendinger P. J. 1999. Erratum: Five new Liphistius species (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Thailand. Zoologica Scripta 28 (3 - 4): 371 - 377." type="journal article" year="1999">Schwendinger, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 1I (reprint of illustration in
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<bibRefCitation author="Schwendinger P. J." box="[1042,1242,719,740]" pageId="32" pageNumber="406" pagination="17 - 30" refId="ref38130" refString="Schwendinger P. J. 1998. Five new Liphistius species (Araneae, Mesothelae) from Thailand. Zoologica Scripta 27 (1): 17 - 30." type="journal article" year="1998">Schwendinger, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="406" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph blockId="32.[831,1436,766,855]" pageId="32" pageNumber="406">
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||
<materialsCitation pageId="32" pageNumber="406">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[831,897,766,789]" pageId="32" pageNumber="406">Type:</emphasis>
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AMNH; female holotype (not examined); Myanmar, Shan State, west of Taunggyi Mountain, 5000 feet; 15.VII.1982; leg. W.C. Sedgwick.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph blockId="32.[831,1436,880,1036]" pageId="32" pageNumber="406">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[831,1014,880,903]" pageId="32" pageNumber="406">Other material:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation pageId="32" pageNumber="406">MHNG; 2 males (one collected adult, the other matured 26.IX.1987) and 4 females; outskirts of Taunggyi City, 20°45’17”N, 97°02’27”E, 1560 m; 22.IX.1987; leg P. Schwendinger. No new material available</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761535" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7761535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761535/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="406" startId="32.[151,186,1942,1963]" targetBox="[159,1427,1125,1893]" targetPageId="32">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[151,1437,1942,2078]" pageId="32" pageNumber="406">
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Fig. 17.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Platnick & Sedgwick" authorityYear="1984" box="[237,399,1942,1963]" class="Arachnida" family="Liphistiidae" genus="Liphistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="32" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lordae">
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<emphasis box="[237,399,1942,1963]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="406">Liphistius lordae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, left palps of two males: male n°1 (A-B, D-G), male n°2 (C). (A) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Dorsal part of contrategulum and embolus proper, distal and slightly prolateral view. (C) Contrategulum, distal view. (D) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (F) Tibial apophysis, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale line 1.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="407" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="33.[151,756,258,665]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,273,258,281]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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Medium-sized spiders with uniformly dark brown body colouration in both sexes, without recognizable annulations on legs and palps. Males distinguished from those of other species in the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,274,386,409]" class="Arachnida" family="Liphistiidae" genus="Liphistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanicus">
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<emphasis box="[151,274,386,409]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">birmanicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-group by short paracymbium with a proximally protruding, rounded proximal-retrolateral heel (
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<figureCitation box="[212,310,450,473]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[151,186,1942,1963]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,1125,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-353@32.[151,1436,1117,1903]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 17. Liphistius lordae, left palps of two males: male n°1 (A-B, D-G), male n°2 (C). (A) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Dorsal part of contrategulum and embolus proper, distal and slightly prolateral view. (C) Contrategulum, distal view. (D) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (F) Tibial apophysis, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale line 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761535/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Fig. 17G</figureCitation>
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) and by proventral contrategular process exceptionally wide, with a widely truncate apex in distal view (
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<figureCitation box="[224,367,514,537]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[151,186,1942,1963]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,1125,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-353@32.[151,1436,1117,1903]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 17. Liphistius lordae, left palps of two males: male n°1 (A-B, D-G), male n°2 (C). (A) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Dorsal part of contrategulum and embolus proper, distal and slightly prolateral view. (C) Contrategulum, distal view. (D) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (F) Tibial apophysis, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale line 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761535/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Fig. 17A, C</figureCitation>
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). Females different from those of the same group by having exceptionally wide anterior lobes, no anterolateral processes on poreplate, posterior stalk with a medium-long constriction in its anterior part (
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<figureCitation box="[159,238,642,665]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[151,186,1998,2019]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,751,1943]" captionTargetId="figure-212@33.[151,1436,748,1947]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 18. Liphistius lordae, vulval plates of four females; dorsal view (A, C, E, G) and ventral view (B, D, F, H); all taken from exuviae. (A-B) Female n°1. (C-D) Female n°2. (E-F) Female n°3. (G-H) Female n°4; note pathologically enlarged vesicle on left side of poreplate. Scale lines 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761539" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761539/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="408" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="33.[831,1437,257,664]" lastBlockId="34.[151,756,258,1469]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="408" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[831,1126,257,280]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Additions to description:</emphasis>
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Males with scopulae weak on tarsi I-II, slightly denser on tarsi III-IV, covering distal 2/3 of tarsus I, distal 3/4 of tarsi II-III and distal 4/5 of tarsus IV. Male palps with moderately deep tibial apophysis (depth/length ratio ~ 1.5), only slightly set back from distal margin of tibia, carrying four long, pointed apical megaspines (
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<figureCitation box="[1154,1257,449,472]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[151,186,1942,1963]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,1125,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-353@32.[151,1436,1117,1903]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 17. Liphistius lordae, left palps of two males: male n°1 (A-B, D-G), male n°2 (C). (A) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Dorsal part of contrategulum and embolus proper, distal and slightly prolateral view. (C) Contrategulum, distal view. (D) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (F) Tibial apophysis, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale line 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761535/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Fig. 17F</figureCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Schwendinger P. J." pageId="33" pageNumber="407" pagination="331 - 351" refId="ref38065" refString="Schwendinger P. J. 1990. On the spider genus Liphistius (Araneae: Mesothelae) in Thailand and Burma. Zoologica Scripta 19 (3): 331 - 351." type="journal article" year="1990">Schwendinger, 1990</bibRefCitation>
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: figs 5-7); paracymbium short, carrying fairly long retrodorsal spicules (distinctly longer than in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Schwendinger" authorityYear="1998" box="[1349,1430,513,536]" class="Arachnida" family="Liphistiidae" genus="Liphistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lahu">
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<emphasis box="[1349,1430,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">L. lahu</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[831,961,545,568]" class="Arachnida" family="Liphistiidae" genus="Liphistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metopiae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[831,961,545,568]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">L. metopiae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[971,1056,545,568]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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and
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<taxonomicName box="[1114,1192,545,568]" class="Arachnida" family="Liphistiidae" genus="Liphistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tung" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[1114,1192,545,568]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">L. tung</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1203,1290,545,568]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
) and a large, arched retrolateral-proximal heel distinctly inclined proximad instead of pointing retrolaterad (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1317,1423,609,632]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[151,186,1942,1963]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,1125,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-353@32.[151,1436,1117,1903]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 17. Liphistius lordae, left palps of two males: male n°1 (A-B, D-G), male n°2 (C). (A) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Dorsal part of contrategulum and embolus proper, distal and slightly prolateral view. (C) Contrategulum, distal view. (D) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (F) Tibial apophysis, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale line 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761535/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Fig. 17G</figureCitation>
|
||
); cumulus indistinct, carrying a group of about 6 long strong bristles (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[316,415,258,281]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[151,186,1942,1963]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,1125,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-353@32.[151,1436,1117,1903]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 17. Liphistius lordae, left palps of two males: male n°1 (A-B, D-G), male n°2 (C). (A) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Dorsal part of contrategulum and embolus proper, distal and slightly prolateral view. (C) Contrategulum, distal view. (D) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (F) Tibial apophysis, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale line 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761535/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 17G</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schwendinger P. J." box="[426,648,258,281]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408" pagination="331 - 351" refId="ref38065" refString="Schwendinger P. J. 1990. On the spider genus Liphistius (Araneae: Mesothelae) in Thailand and Burma. Zoologica Scripta 19 (3): 331 - 351." type="journal article" year="1990">Schwendinger, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 6-7); subtegulum with indistinct apophysis; tegulum large, its distal margin not elevated, its proximal edge widely arched, finely serrate, distinctly bent and adpressed to membranous area below it (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[474,579,386,409]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[151,186,1942,1963]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,1125,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-353@32.[151,1436,1117,1903]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 17. Liphistius lordae, left palps of two males: male n°1 (A-B, D-G), male n°2 (C). (A) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Dorsal part of contrategulum and embolus proper, distal and slightly prolateral view. (C) Contrategulum, distal view. (D) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (F) Tibial apophysis, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale line 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761535/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 17D</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schwendinger P. J." pageId="34" pageNumber="408" pagination="331 - 351" refId="ref38065" refString="Schwendinger P. J. 1990. On the spider genus Liphistius (Araneae: Mesothelae) in Thailand and Burma. Zoologica Scripta 19 (3): 331 - 351." type="journal article" year="1990">Schwendinger, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 5-6); contrategulum with very wide proventral process ending in a widely truncate apex (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[159,301,483,506]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[151,186,1942,1963]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,1125,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-353@32.[151,1436,1117,1903]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 17. Liphistius lordae, left palps of two males: male n°1 (A-B, D-G), male n°2 (C). (A) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Dorsal part of contrategulum and embolus proper, distal and slightly prolateral view. (C) Contrategulum, distal view. (D) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (F) Tibial apophysis, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale line 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761535/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 17A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schwendinger P. J." box="[318,548,483,506]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408" pagination="331 - 351" refId="ref38065" refString="Schwendinger P. J. 1990. On the spider genus Liphistius (Araneae: Mesothelae) in Thailand and Burma. Zoologica Scripta 19 (3): 331 - 351." type="journal article" year="1990">Schwendinger, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 7); prolateral part of distal contrategular edge sharp but not elevated into a pronounced keel (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[428,528,547,570]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[151,186,1942,1963]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,1125,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-353@32.[151,1436,1117,1903]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 17. Liphistius lordae, left palps of two males: male n°1 (A-B, D-G), male n°2 (C). (A) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Dorsal part of contrategulum and embolus proper, distal and slightly prolateral view. (C) Contrategulum, distal view. (D) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (F) Tibial apophysis, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale line 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761535/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 17E</figureCitation>
|
||
); proximal ledge on retrodorsal side of contrategulum pronounced (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[151,186,1942,1963]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,1125,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-353@32.[151,1436,1117,1903]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 17. Liphistius lordae, left palps of two males: male n°1 (A-B, D-G), male n°2 (C). (A) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Dorsal part of contrategulum and embolus proper, distal and slightly prolateral view. (C) Contrategulum, distal view. (D) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (F) Tibial apophysis, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale line 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761535/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 17A, C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
); distal edge of contrategulum very wide and carrying ridges, its dorsal apex very narrowly rounded, almost pointed in distal view (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[611,692,675,698]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[151,186,1942,1963]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,1125,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-353@32.[151,1436,1117,1903]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 17. Liphistius lordae, left palps of two males: male n°1 (A-B, D-G), male n°2 (C). (A) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Dorsal part of contrategulum and embolus proper, distal and slightly prolateral view. (C) Contrategulum, distal view. (D) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (F) Tibial apophysis, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale line 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761535/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
A-C); para-embolic plate short, about as long as retroventral edge of embolus complex and not separated from it by an invagination (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[396,548,771,794]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[151,186,1942,1963]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,1125,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-353@32.[151,1436,1117,1903]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 17. Liphistius lordae, left palps of two males: male n°1 (A-B, D-G), male n°2 (C). (A) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Dorsal part of contrategulum and embolus proper, distal and slightly prolateral view. (C) Contrategulum, distal view. (D) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (F) Tibial apophysis, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale line 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761535/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 17A, D</figureCitation>
|
||
); embolus proper narrowly divided, its sclerotised part strengthened by 3 longitudinal ribs reaching apex and carrying denticles distally; membranous embolus part distinctly shorter than sclerotised part, short area at its base strongly pigmented, with numerous longitudinal wrinkles and with fairly straight or widely and strongly asymmetrically angular distal margin (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[631,743,996,1019]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[151,186,1942,1963]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,1125,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-353@32.[151,1436,1117,1903]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 17. Liphistius lordae, left palps of two males: male n°1 (A-B, D-G), male n°2 (C). (A) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Dorsal part of contrategulum and embolus proper, distal and slightly prolateral view. (C) Contrategulum, distal view. (D) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (F) Tibial apophysis, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale line 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761535/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 17E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Females with uniformly dark legs and palps without annulations; vulval plates (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[479,572,1060,1083]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[151,186,1998,2019]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,751,1943]" captionTargetId="figure-212@33.[151,1436,748,1947]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 18. Liphistius lordae, vulval plates of four females; dorsal view (A, C, E, G) and ventral view (B, D, F, H); all taken from exuviae. (A-B) Female n°1. (C-D) Female n°2. (E-F) Female n°3. (G-H) Female n°4; note pathologically enlarged vesicle on left side of poreplate. Scale lines 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761539" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761539/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schwendinger P. J." pageId="34" pageNumber="408" pagination="331 - 351" refId="ref38065" refString="Schwendinger P. J. 1990. On the spider genus Liphistius (Araneae: Mesothelae) in Thailand and Burma. Zoologica Scripta 19 (3): 331 - 351." type="journal article" year="1990">Schwendinger, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 8-10) with several hairs on lateral folds, one female even with a single hair on posterior stalk (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[159,270,1157,1180]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[151,186,1998,2019]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,751,1943]" captionTargetId="figure-212@33.[151,1436,748,1947]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 18. Liphistius lordae, vulval plates of four females; dorsal view (A, C, E, G) and ventral view (B, D, F, H); all taken from exuviae. (A-B) Female n°1. (C-D) Female n°2. (E-F) Female n°3. (G-H) Female n°4; note pathologically enlarged vesicle on left side of poreplate. Scale lines 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761539" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761539/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 18E</figureCitation>
|
||
); poreplate wider than long, anteriorly wider than posteriorly, with a pair of very wide lobes on anterior margin, without anterolateral processes, posterior margins not bulged; CDO fairly small, quite variable in shape; receptacular cluster racemose, much longer than wide, reaching or almost reaching anterior margin of poreplate; posterior stalk clearly narrower than poreplate, axe-blade-shaped, with distinct anterior constriction, posterior margin wide and more or less strongly arched.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761539" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7761539" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761539/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" startId="33.[151,186,1998,2019]" targetBox="[154,1432,751,1943]" targetPageId="33">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[151,1437,1998,2077]" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">
|
||
Fig. 18.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Platnick & Sedgwick" authorityYear="1984" box="[237,398,1998,2019]" class="Arachnida" family="Liphistiidae" genus="Liphistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="33" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lordae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[237,398,1998,2019]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="407">Liphistius lordae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, vulval plates of four females; dorsal view (A, C, E, G) and ventral view (B, D, F, H); all taken from exuviae. (A-B) Female n°1. (C-D) Female n°2. (E-F) Female n°3. (G-H) Female n°4; note pathologically enlarged vesicle on left side of poreplate. Scale lines 1.0 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="34.[151,756,1493,1644]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,269,1493,1516]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Variation:</emphasis>
|
||
For carapace measurements and prefoveal setae counts see
|
||
<tableCitation box="[335,416,1525,1548]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="46.[151,204,1454,1475]" captionTargetId="graphics-627@46.[151,1436,1545,2074]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Table 1. Carapace measurements (in mm; including data from the literature) and prefoveal setae counts of Liphistius birmanicus group species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF376CEF72680347B2AEFA425282FA71" pageId="34" pageNumber="408" tableUuid="DF376CEF72680347B2AEFA425282FA71">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
. All specimens examined have well-developed AME. Variation in the shape of the proventral contrategular process is shown in
|
||
<figureCitation box="[667,751,1589,1612]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[151,186,1942,1963]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,1125,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-353@32.[151,1436,1117,1903]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 17. Liphistius lordae, left palps of two males: male n°1 (A-B, D-G), male n°2 (C). (A) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Dorsal part of contrategulum and embolus proper, distal and slightly prolateral view. (C) Contrategulum, distal view. (D) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (F) Tibial apophysis, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale line 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761535/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
, variation in the shape of the vulval plates in
|
||
<figureCitation box="[624,702,1621,1644]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[151,186,1998,2019]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,751,1943]" captionTargetId="figure-212@33.[151,1436,748,1947]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 18. Liphistius lordae, vulval plates of four females; dorsal view (A, C, E, G) and ventral view (B, D, F, H); all taken from exuviae. (A-B) Female n°1. (C-D) Female n°2. (E-F) Female n°3. (G-H) Female n°4; note pathologically enlarged vesicle on left side of poreplate. Scale lines 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761539" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761539/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="34.[151,757,1668,2077]" lastBlockId="34.[831,1437,258,312]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,315,1668,1691]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Relationships:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Platnick & Sedgwick" authorityYear="1984" box="[326,511,1668,1691]" class="Arachnida" family="Liphistiidae" genus="Liphistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="34" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lordae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[326,511,1668,1691]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Liphistius lordae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses some quite unusual characters in the male and female copulatory organs that make it difficult to establish its relationships on a morphological basis. It clearly belongs to the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,272,1797,1820]" class="Arachnida" family="Liphistiidae" genus="Liphistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="34" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanicus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,272,1797,1820]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">birmanicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group and it is apparently not very closely related to the geographically close
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[554,704,1829,1852]" class="Arachnida" family="Liphistiidae" genus="Liphistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="34" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[554,660,1829,1852]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Liphistius</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that occurs near Kalaw or to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Aung, Xu, Lwin, Sang, Yu, Liu, Liu & Li" authorityYear="2019" box="[421,546,1861,1884]" class="Arachnida" family="Liphistiidae" genus="Liphistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="34" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinlaung">
|
||
<emphasis box="[421,546,1861,1884]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">L. pinlaung</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Within the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1897" class="Arachnida" family="Liphistiidae" genus="Liphistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="34" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="birmanicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">birmanicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group a very wide distal contrategular margin is otherwise only found in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[425,575,1925,1948]" class="Arachnida" family="Liphistiidae" genus="Liphistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="34" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyinoolwin">
|
||
<emphasis box="[425,575,1925,1948]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">L. pyinoolwin</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[593,670,1925,1948]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[151,186,1942,1963]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,1125,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-353@32.[151,1436,1117,1903]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 17. Liphistius lordae, left palps of two males: male n°1 (A-B, D-G), male n°2 (C). (A) Palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Dorsal part of contrategulum and embolus proper, distal and slightly prolateral view. (C) Contrategulum, distal view. (D) Distal part of palpal organ, ventral view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (F) Tibial apophysis, retrolateral and slightly proximal view. (G) Proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale line 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761535/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
A-C cf.
|
||
<figureCitation box="[151,226,1957,1980]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[151,186,1288,1309]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,261,1232]" captionTargetId="figure-280@35.[151,1436,257,1238]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Liphistius pyinoolwin, palps of two males: matured 16.X.2014 (A-E), matured 24.IX.2014 (F). (A) Left palpal organ, distal view (dorsal side up). (B) Left embolus complex and dorsal part of contrategulum, distal and slightly proventral view. (C) Left palpal organ and distal margin of tarsus, prolateral view. (D) Left palpal organ, ventral and slightly proximal view; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum indicated by arrow. (E) Distal part of left tibia and proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. (F) Distal margin of right tibia and proximal part of tarsus, ventral view. Scale lines 1.0 mm (A-D; E-F). Abbreviation: l - lobate prolateral protrusion on base of embolus complex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761541" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761541/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
A-B), and both also share an adpressed posterior tegular edge, which are not very strong indications that both are more closely related to each other than each of them with any other known species. However, we believe that unknown species exist that are more closely related to either of these two species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="408" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="34.[831,1437,336,391]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[831,980,336,359]" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Platnick & Sedgwick" authorityYear="1984" box="[988,1171,336,359]" class="Arachnida" family="Liphistiidae" genus="Liphistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="34" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lordae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[988,1171,336,359]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Liphistius lordae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from the type locality in the mountains of the Shan State (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1351,1414,368,391]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[151,186,1431,1452]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,257,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-270@7.[151,1436,257,1395]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 1. Localities of species in the Liphistius birmanicus-group in northern Thailand, eastern Myanmar and southern China. Blue lines indicate major rivers, black lines national borders, grey lines major roads." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7761489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7761489/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="408">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |