318 lines
35 KiB
XML
318 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3789278" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aa97d560-1969-4b79-93bb-2614b7835c0e" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163750171" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3789278" approvalRequired="5103" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="74" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="5027" approvalRequired_for_treatments="2" checkinTime="1587982132140" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pohl, Greg, Anweiler, Gary, Schmidt, Christian & Kondla, Norbert" docDate="2010" docId="03B2F2569FFDA4F4E6A7FC5AFC02ABFA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2163.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 38 (38)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@2c1f1b55" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Hemitheini Bruand 1846" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageId="210" lastPageNumber="211" masterDocId="FF8B8A2E9F2CA426E62BFFD7FFC6AF1B" masterDocTitle="An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada" masterLastPageNumber="549" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" updateTime="1643558428782" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Pohl, Greg</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Northern Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Edmonton ,, Canada</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Anweiler, Gary</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>University of Alberta Strickland Entomology Museum ,, Canada</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Schmidt, Christian</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Canada</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Kondla, Norbert</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Calgary ,, Canada</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2010-03-05</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>38</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number>38</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>549</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.38.383</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">aa97d560-1969-4b79-93bb-2614b7835c0e</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576629</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3789278" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163750171" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3789278" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B2F2569FFDA4F4E6A7FC5AFC02ABFA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B2F2569FFDA4F4E6A7FC5AFC02ABFA" lastPageId="210" lastPageNumber="211" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="209" pageNumber="210" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="209.[140,1094,909,1107]" box="[140,253,909,931]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[140,253,909,931]" fontSize="9" level="1" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" reason="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bruand" authorityYear="1846" box="[140,253,909,931]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hemitheini">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,253,909,931]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">Hemitheini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="209.[140,1094,909,1107]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">
|
||
1401 * R
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Hulst, 1862)" baseAuthorityName="Hulst" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[291,591,945,967]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Mesothea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incertata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[291,457,945,966]" italics="true" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">Mesothea incertata</emphasis>
|
||
(Hulst, 1862)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M May – E Jun m B – T:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ferguson DC" box="[347,513,980,1002]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" refId="ref244075" refString="Ferguson DC (1985 a) Geometroidea: Geometridae: Geometrinae. Fasc. 18.1. In: Dominick RB, Ferguson DC, Franclemont JG, Hodges RW, Munroe EG (Eds) Th e moths of America north of Mexico. Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, Washington, D. C., 131 pp. + plates, index." type="book" year="1985">Ferguson (1985a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="McGuffin WC" box="[523,685,980,1002]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref257237" refString="McGuffin WC (1988) Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera) III, IV, and V. Subfamilies Archiearinae, Oenochrominae, and Geometrinae. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 145: 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1988">McGuffin (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="210" lastPageNumber="211" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="209.[140,1094,909,1107]" box="[321,752,1015,1037]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">
|
||
L:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bowman K" box="[347,501,1015,1037]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" pagination="121 - 165" refId="ref237866" refString="Bowman K (1951) An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta. Canadian Journal of Zoology 29: 121 - 165." type="journal article" year="1951">Bowman (1951)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Prentice RM" box="[511,657,1015,1037]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" pagination="282 - 543" refId="ref263386" refString="Prentice RM (1963) Forest Lepidoptera of Canada reported by the Forest Insect Survey, Vol. 3: Lasiocampidae, Drepanidae, Th yatiridae, Geometridae. Canada Dept. of Forestry, Forest Entomology and Pathology Branch, Bulletin No. 128, pp. 282 - 543." type="book chapter" year="1963">Prentice (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ferguson DC" box="[667,752,1016,1037]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" refId="ref244075" refString="Ferguson DC (1985 a) Geometroidea: Geometridae: Geometrinae. Fasc. 18.1. In: Dominick RB, Ferguson DC, Franclemont JG, Hodges RW, Munroe EG (Eds) Th e moths of America north of Mexico. Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, Washington, D. C., 131 pp. + plates, index." type="book" year="1985">Ferguson</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="209.[140,1094,909,1107]" box="[344,759,1050,1073]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">(1985a), McGuffi n (1988) C: CNC, NFRC,</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="209.[140,1094,909,1107]" box="[344,561,1086,1107]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">OLDS, PMAE, UASM</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="209.[140,1108,1154,1495]" box="[140,523,1154,1178]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,523,1154,1178]" italics="true" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">
|
||
55.4.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fletcher" authorityYear="1953" box="[199,348,1154,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Archiearinae">Archiearinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
– infant moths
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="209.[140,1108,1154,1495]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">
|
||
Medium-sized (
|
||
<quantity box="[319,448,1187,1214]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="25.0">25–35 mm</quantity>
|
||
wingspan) moths, most of which are brightly colored diurnal moths that fly very early in the spring. Th ey can be distinguished from other geometrids by their relatively stout hairy bodies and small oval eyes. The larvae of some species have more than two pairs of prolegs, but the additional pairs are reduced in size and they still move in the typical looper fashion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="209.[140,1108,1154,1495]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">
|
||
Twelve species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fletcher" authorityYear="1953" box="[397,539,1363,1389]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Archiearinae">Archiearinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are known worldwide, from colder areas of the northern and southern hemispheres. Two species are known in North America, both of which occur in AB. Th e North American species in the subfamily were treated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="McGuffin WC" box="[140,341,1469,1495]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref257237" refString="McGuffin WC (1988) Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera) III, IV, and V. Subfamilies Archiearinae, Oenochrominae, and Geometrinae. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 145: 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1988">McGuffin (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="209.[140,1080,1543,1600]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">
|
||
1402 * R
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Moschler, 1862) L Apr" authorityName="L Apr" baseAuthorityName="Moschler" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[291,873,1543,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Archiearis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infans">
|
||
<emphasis box="[291,439,1543,1564]" italics="true" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">Archiearis infans</emphasis>
|
||
(Möschler, 1862) L Apr
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– L May m B – T:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="McGuffin WC" box="[347,509,1578,1600]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref257237" refString="McGuffin WC (1988) Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera) III, IV, and V. Subfamilies Archiearinae, Oenochrominae, and Geometrinae. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 145: 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1988">McGuffin (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="210.[140,1079,205,404]" box="[321,759,205,227]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">
|
||
L:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bowman K" box="[347,501,205,227]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="121 - 165" refId="ref237866" refString="Bowman K (1951) An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta. Canadian Journal of Zoology 29: 121 - 165." type="journal article" year="1951">Bowman (1951)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Prentice RM" box="[511,657,205,227]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="282 - 543" refId="ref263386" refString="Prentice RM (1963) Forest Lepidoptera of Canada reported by the Forest Insect Survey, Vol. 3: Lasiocampidae, Drepanidae, Th yatiridae, Geometridae. Canada Dept. of Forestry, Forest Entomology and Pathology Branch, Bulletin No. 128, pp. 282 - 543." type="book chapter" year="1963">Prentice (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="McGuffin WC" box="[667,759,205,227]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref257237" refString="McGuffin WC (1988) Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera) III, IV, and V. Subfamilies Archiearinae, Oenochrominae, and Geometrinae. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 145: 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1988">McGuffin</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="210.[140,1079,205,404]" box="[344,798,241,263]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">(1988) C: CNC, NFRC, OLDS, PMAE, UASM</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="210.[140,1079,205,404]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">
|
||
1403 * R
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Walker, 1857) L Apr" authorityName="L Apr" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[291,873,276,298]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Leucobrephos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brephoides">
|
||
<emphasis box="[291,506,276,297]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Leucobrephos brephoides</emphasis>
|
||
(Walker, 1857) L Apr
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– L May m B g T:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="McGuffin WC" box="[347,509,311,333]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref257237" refString="McGuffin WC (1988) Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera) III, IV, and V. Subfamilies Archiearinae, Oenochrominae, and Geometrinae. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 145: 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1988">McGuffin (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="210.[140,1079,205,404]" box="[321,759,346,368]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">
|
||
L:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bowman K" box="[347,501,346,368]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="121 - 165" refId="ref237866" refString="Bowman K (1951) An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta. Canadian Journal of Zoology 29: 121 - 165." type="journal article" year="1951">Bowman (1951)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Prentice RM" box="[511,657,346,368]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="282 - 543" refId="ref263386" refString="Prentice RM (1963) Forest Lepidoptera of Canada reported by the Forest Insect Survey, Vol. 3: Lasiocampidae, Drepanidae, Th yatiridae, Geometridae. Canada Dept. of Forestry, Forest Entomology and Pathology Branch, Bulletin No. 128, pp. 282 - 543." type="book chapter" year="1963">Prentice (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="McGuffin WC" box="[667,759,346,368]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref257237" refString="McGuffin WC (1988) Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera) III, IV, and V. Subfamilies Archiearinae, Oenochrominae, and Geometrinae. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 145: 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1988">McGuffin</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="210.[140,1079,205,404]" box="[344,648,382,404]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">(1988) C: CNC, PMAE, UASM</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="210.[140,1108,450,1250]" box="[140,555,450,474]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,555,450,474]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">
|
||
55.5.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Duponchel" authorityYear="1845" box="[201,333,450,474]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ennominae">Ennominae</taxonomicName>
|
||
– ennomine moths
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="210.[140,1108,450,1250]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">
|
||
Small to large (
|
||
<quantity box="[314,444,484,510]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="20.0">20–70 mm</quantity>
|
||
wingspan) moths. Th e
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Duponchel" authorityYear="1845" box="[716,848,483,509]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ennominae">Ennominae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are defined by the absence of M
|
||
<subScript attach="left" box="[262,271,537,551]" fontSize="6" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">2</subScript>
|
||
as a tubular vein in the hindwing, but this character is not completely reliable, and the group may not be monophyletic. The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[787,886,554,580]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Alsophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[787,886,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Alsophila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(two Palearctic and one Nearctic species) is included here in the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[715,843,589,615]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Alsophilini">Alsophilini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, according to the work of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Young CJ" box="[169,329,624,651]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 147" refId="ref270501" refString="Young CJ (2006) Molecular relationships of the Australian Ennominae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) and implications for the phylogeny of the Geometridae from molecular data. Zootaxa 1264: 1 - 147." type="journal article" year="2006">Young (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Females of a few species are wingless. Larvae of most species feed on the foliage of trees and shrubs, and a few are pests, including the Fall Cankerworm (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="L Sep" baseAuthorityName="Harris" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[149,365,695,721]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Alsophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pometaria">
|
||
<emphasis box="[149,365,695,721]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Alsophila pometaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="210" pageNumber="211" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="210.[140,1108,450,1250]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Duponchel" authorityYear="1845" box="[185,314,730,756]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ennominae">Ennominae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the most species-rich geometrid subfamily in the world, with over 9700 described species. Approximately 750 species are known from North America; 130 have been reported from AB. Th e group is relatively well known.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="McGuffin WC" box="[846,1032,800,826]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 159" refId="ref257076" refString="McGuffin WC (1972) Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera) II. Subfamily Ennominae. 1. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 86: 1 - 159." type="journal article" year="1972">McGuffin (1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="McGuffin WC" box="[1042,1102,800,826]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 191" refId="ref257135" refString="McGuffin WC (1977) Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera) II. Subfamily Ennominae. 2. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 101: 1 - 191." type="journal article" year="1977">1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="McGuffin WC" box="[140,200,836,862]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 153" refId="ref257169" refString="McGuffin WC (1981) Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera) II. Subfamily Ennominae. 3. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 117: 1 - 153." type="journal article" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="McGuffin WC" box="[210,270,836,862]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 181" refId="ref257203" refString="McGuffin WC (1987) Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera) II. Subfamily Ennominae. 4. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 138: 1 - 181." type="journal article" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="McGuffin WC" box="[281,340,836,862]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref257237" refString="McGuffin WC (1988) Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera) III, IV, and V. Subfamilies Archiearinae, Oenochrominae, and Geometrinae. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 145: 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1988">1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) treated most of the Canadian species; his work was based in large part on a series of revisions of the North American taxa by Rindge and others, which generally provided more detail. Th e
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Holloway" authorityYear="1994" box="[494,609,906,932]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cassymini">Cassymini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1858" box="[670,777,906,932]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Macariini">Macariini</taxonomicName>
|
||
were thoroughly covered for North America by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ferguson DC" box="[353,542,941,968]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" refId="ref244285" refString="Ferguson DC (2008) Geometroidea: Geometridae (part): Ennominae (part) - Abraxini, Cassymini, Macariini. Fasc. 17.2. In: Dominick RB, Ferguson DC, Franclemont JG, Hodges RW, Munroe EG (Eds) Th e moths of America north of Mexico. Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, Washington, D. C., 576 pp. + plates, index." type="book" year="2008">Ferguson (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Duponchel" authorityYear="1845" box="[631,746,941,967]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Boarmiini">Boarmiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Rindge 1974 c)" baseAuthorityName="Rindge" baseAuthorityYear="1974" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Hesperumia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[882,1009,942,967]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Hesperumia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rindge FH" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref264447" refString="Rindge FH (1974 c) A revision of the moth genus Hesperumia (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). American Museum Novitates 2561: 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1974">Rindge 1974c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Rindge 1966)" baseAuthorityName="Rindge" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[234,496,976,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Iridopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[234,322,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Iridopsis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rindge FH" box="[337,488,976,1003]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="175 - 244" refId="ref264298" refString="Rindge FH (1966) A revision of the moth genus Anacamptodes (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 132: 175 - 244." type="journal article" year="1966">Rindge 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Rindge 1968)" baseAuthorityName="Rindge" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[559,857,976,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Stenoporpia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[559,684,977,1003]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Stenoporpia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rindge FH" box="[700,849,976,1003]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="65 - 134" refId="ref264359" refString="Rindge FH (1968) A revision of the moth genus Stenoporpia (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 140: 65 - 134." type="journal article" year="1968">Rindge 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been thoroughly covered. Most
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[303,404,1011,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Bistonini">Bistonini</taxonomicName>
|
||
were covered by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rindge FH" box="[594,760,1011,1038]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="69 - 155" refId="ref264475" refString="Rindge FH (1975) A revision of the new world Bistonini (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 156: 69 - 155." type="journal article" year="1975">Rindge (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1948" box="[814,896,1011,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Baptini">Baptini</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rindge FH" box="[937,1103,1011,1038]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref264561" refString="Rindge FH (1979) A revision of the North American moths of the genus Lomographa (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). American Museum Novitates 2673: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1979">Rindge (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and most
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Duponchel" authorityYear="1845" box="[250,347,1047,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Caberini">Caberini</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rindge FH" box="[388,544,1047,1073]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="231 - 298" refId="ref264074" refString="Rindge FH (1949) A revision of the geometrid moths formerly assigned to Drepanulatrix (Lepidoptera). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 94: 231 - 298." type="journal article" year="1949">Rindge (1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rindge FH" box="[556,631,1046,1073]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref264193" refString="Rindge FH (1956 b) A revision of the American species of Deilinia (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). American Museum Novitates 1810: 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1956">1956b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Th e
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1948" box="[700,825,1047,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Angeronini">Angeronini</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera covered elsewhere are
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Munroe 1963)" baseAuthorityName="Munroe" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[183,464,1082,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Aspitates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[183,275,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Aspitates</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Munroe E" box="[292,456,1082,1109]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="260 - 87" refId="ref258976" refString="Munroe E (1963) The gilvarius group of Aspilates [sic: Aspitates] Treitschke (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Th e Canadian Entomologist 95: 260 - 87." type="journal article" year="1963">Munroe 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Poole 1987)" baseAuthorityName="Poole" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[479,684,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Pero" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[479,524,1083,1108]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Pero</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Poole RW" box="[542,676,1082,1108]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" refId="ref261942" refString="Poole RW (1987) A taxonomic revision of the New World moth genus Pero (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Technical Bulletin No. 1698, 257 pp." type="book" year="1987">Poole 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Rindge 1978)" baseAuthorityName="Rindge" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[752,1051,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Xanthotype" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[752,871,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Xanthotype</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rindge FH" box="[888,1041,1082,1108]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref264534" refString="Rindge FH (1978) A revision of the moth genus Xanthotype (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). American Museum Novitates 2659: 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1978">Rindge 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The Nachophorini genera
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1904" box="[381,476,1117,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Gabriola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[381,476,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Gabriola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dyar" authorityYear="1908" box="[530,654,1117,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Animomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[530,654,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Animomyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were covered by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rindge FH" box="[841,1008,1117,1143]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref264391" refString="Rindge FH (1974 a) A revision of the moth genus Gabriola (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). American Museum Novitates 2550: 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1974">Rindge (1974a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rindge FH" box="[1019,1095,1117,1144]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref264419" refString="Rindge FH (1974 b) A revision of the moth genus Animomyia (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). American Museum Novitates 2554: 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="1974">1974b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[189,288,1152,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Lithinini">Lithinini</taxonomicName>
|
||
genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1860" box="[364,457,1153,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Tacparia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[364,457,1153,1178]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Tacparia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was treated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ferguson DC" box="[625,812,1152,1179]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="467 - 478" refId="ref243866" refString="Ferguson DC (1973) Th e species of the genus Tacparia Walker (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 75: 467 - 478." type="journal article" year="1973">Ferguson (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Th e
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bruand" authorityYear="1846" box="[870,1028,1152,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ourapterygini">Ourapterygini</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera covered elsewhere are
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Evans 1960)" baseAuthorityName="Evans" baseAuthorityYear="1960" box="[381,611,1187,1214]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Enypia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[381,455,1188,1213]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Enypia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Evans DE" box="[469,603,1187,1214]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="560 - 574" refId="ref243443" refString="Evans DE (1960) A revision of the genus Enypia (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 53: 560 - 574." type="journal article" year="1960">Evans 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Rindge 1981)" baseAuthorityName="Rindge" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[623,855,1187,1214]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Meris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[623,683,1188,1213]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Meris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rindge FH" box="[697,845,1187,1214]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref264592" refString="Rindge FH (1981) A revision of the moth genera Meris and Nemeris (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). American Museum Novitates 2710: 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1981">Rindge 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Ferguson 1993)" baseAuthorityName="Ferguson" baseAuthorityYear="1993" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Nematocampa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[866,1019,1188,1213]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Nematocampa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ferguson DC" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="60 - 77" refId="ref244249" refString="Ferguson DC (1993) A revision of the species of Nematocampa (Geometridae: Ennominae) occurring in the United States and Canada. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 47: 60 - 77." type="journal article" year="1993">Ferguson 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Rindge 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Rindge" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[266,517,1223,1250]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Plataea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[266,345,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Plataea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rindge FH" box="[360,509,1223,1250]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref264507" refString="Rindge FH (1976) A revision of the moth genus Plataea (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). American Museum Novitates 2595: 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="1976">Rindge 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Ferris and Schmidt 2010)" baseAuthorityName="Ferris and Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[578,960,1223,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Synaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[578,656,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="210" pageNumber="211">Synaxis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ferris CD & Schmidt BC" box="[670,952,1223,1249]" pageId="210" pageNumber="211" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref244846" refString="Ferris CD, Schmidt BC (2010) Revision of the North American genera Tetracis Guenee and synonymization of Synaxis Hulst with descriptions of three new species (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Ennominae). Zootaxa 2347: 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="2010">Ferris and Schmidt 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |