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<document id="A89872701759AB2689B051B7998C462D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.157970" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b99d7e29-6779-4948-8ec9-b4aca3b288a4" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="157970" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461020992504" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Brown, Brian V. &amp; Kung, Giar-Ann" docDate="2004" docId="0398A71DFFF2FFA23565FE4CFAFAFD74" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00554.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 554" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Tapantia Brown &amp; Kung, 2004, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="3" masterDocId="FFA1DF65FFF3FFA0346DFFA8FFD0FFD7" masterDocTitle="Two new genera of Phoridae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Neotropical Region" masterLastPageNumber="7" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1698570159563" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="F429F878C8BE4DC7B90F3FC208F7481C">Two new genera of Phoridae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Neotropical Region</mods:title>
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<treatment id="0398A71DFFF2FFA23565FE4CFAFAFD74" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6271903" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119602769" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6271903" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0398A71DFFF2FFA23565FE4CFAFAFD74" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0398A71DFFF2FFA23565FE4CFAFAFD74" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<subSubSection id="C32B4580FFF2FFA13565FE4CFE2CFE2A" box="[264,508,483,510]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8E160BFFF2FFA13565FE4CFE2CFE2A" blockId="1.[264,508,483,510]" box="[264,508,483,510]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA13565FE4CFEA2FE29" ID-CoL="7SL3" box="[264,370,484,510]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Tapantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF2FFA13565FE4CFEA2FE29" bold="true" box="[264,370,484,510]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Tapantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="8B8E160BFFF2FFA13565FD87FCD5FD9E" blockId="1.[264,773,559,585]" box="[264,773,559,585]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<typeStatus id="548AA8A9FFF2FFA13565FD87FE92FD9E" box="[264,322,559,585]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA135C3FD87FDB9FD9F" box="[430,617,559,584]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Tapantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicasa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF2FFA135C3FD87FDB9FD9F" box="[430,617,559,584]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Tapantia bicasa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2767762FFF2FFA1361DFD87FCD1FD9E" box="[624,769,559,585]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E160BFFF2FFA13565FDD7FE99FC5C" blockId="1.[264,1324,639,1838]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Diagnosis. Frons lacking one pair of usual setae, either ventral fronto­orbital setae or supra­antennal setae. Frontal furrow absent. Anepisternum bare, lacking furrows (= undivided). Midtibia with basal pair of large, isolated setae; anterior subapical seta about as long as tibial width at point of its insertion.
<collectingCountry id="F326569BFFF2FFA1374CFD5FFC8CFCC6" box="[801,860,759,785]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Hind</collectingCountry>
tibia lacking dorsal, longitudinal setal palisade. Wing vein R2+3 absent, although there is some dark pigment in its usual position. Male epandrium with short ring basal to cerci, without long posterior epandrial projections.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E160BFFF2FFA13555FC31FD3BFC0C" blockId="1.[264,1324,639,1838]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Derivation of name. The name is based on the National Park at the
<typeStatus id="548AA8A9FFF2FFA13006FC31FB4EFC64" box="[1131,1182,921,947]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">type</typeStatus>
locality. Its gender is here considered to be feminine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E160BFFF2FFA13555FC41FCEDFABC" blockId="1.[264,1324,639,1838]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Phylogenetic Relationships.
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA136E3FC41FD25FBD5" box="[654,757,1001,1026]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Tapantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF2FFA136E3FC41FD25FBD5" box="[654,757,1001,1026]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Tapantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a non­metopinine genus, classified in what traditionally is considered the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA13690FBB9FCB9FBFC" box="[765,873,1041,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Phorinae">Phorinae</taxonomicName>
. Although this genus is superficially similar to (and keys out near)
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA1360BFB91FC93FB84" authority="Rondani" authorityName="Rondani" box="[614,835,1081,1107]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Triphleba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF2FFA1360BFB91FD08FB85" box="[614,728,1081,1106]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Triphleba</emphasis>
Rondani
</taxonomicName>
(in
<bibRefCitation id="EFA06BFAFFF2FFA1371FFB91FBDBFB84" author="Disney" box="[882,1035,1081,1107]" pageId="1" pageNumber="7" refString="Disney, R. H. L. (1994) Scuttle flies-the Phoridae. Chapman &amp; Hall, London, 467 pp." type="book" year="1994">Disney 1994</bibRefCitation>
), the structure of the terminalia is much more similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA1369BFBC9FC02FBAC" authority="Dahl" authorityName="Dahl" box="[758,978,1121,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Dohrniphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF2FFA1369BFBC9FC41FBAD" box="[758,913,1121,1146]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Dohrniphora</emphasis>
Dahl
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="130A0A8EFFF2FFA1378EFBC9FB86FBAC" box="[995,1110,1121,1147]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 4" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[403,1314,500,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[280,969,481,1485]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 4. Tapantia bicasa new species. 1. Head. 2. Wing. 3. Male terminalia, left side. 4. Male terminalia, right side." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169078/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 34</figureCitation>
). Besides striking overall similarity, we propose that the presence of an epandrial ring links
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA130E8FB21FB3CFB75" box="[1157,1260,1161,1186]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Tapantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF2FFA130E8FB21FB3CFB75" box="[1157,1260,1161,1186]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Tapantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA13565FB19FE72FB1D" box="[264,418,1201,1226]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Dohrniphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF2FFA13565FB19FE72FB1D" box="[264,418,1201,1226]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Dohrniphora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA135DEFB19FDAAFB1C" authority="Lioy" authorityName="Lioy" box="[435,634,1201,1227]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Diplonevra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF2FFA135DEFB19FDE9FB1D" box="[435,569,1201,1226]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diplonevra</emphasis>
Lioy
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA136EAFB19FC86FB1C" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[647,854,1201,1227]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Psyllomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF2FFA136EAFB19FCD9FB1D" box="[647,777,1201,1226]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Psyllomyia</emphasis>
Loew
</taxonomicName>
, and some other genera (as outlined by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA06BFAFFF2FFA13565FB71FE77FB24" author="Brown" box="[264,423,1241,1267]" pageId="1" pageNumber="7" refString="Brown, B. V. (1992) Generic revision of Phoridae of the Nearctic Region and phylogenetic classification of Phoridae, Sciadoceridae and Ironomyiidae (Diptera: Phoridea). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 164, 1 - 144." type="journal article" year="1992">Brown, 1992</bibRefCitation>
). These genera were placed in a tribe Diplonevrini by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA06BFAFFF2FFA1305FFB71FB08FB24" author="Brown" box="[1074,1240,1241,1267]" pageId="1" pageNumber="7" refString="Brown, B. V. (1992) Generic revision of Phoridae of the Nearctic Region and phylogenetic classification of Phoridae, Sciadoceridae and Ironomyiidae (Diptera: Phoridea). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 164, 1 - 144." type="journal article" year="1992">Brown (1992)</bibRefCitation>
within his revised subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA13660FAA9FD6DFACC" box="[525,701,1281,1307]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aenigmatiinae">Aenigmatiinae</taxonomicName>
, but this classification, like others within the family, requires extensive further data and evaluation. Discovery of the female of this genus would be particularly welcome and informative.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E160BFFF2FFA13555FAD1FB7BF8F9" blockId="1.[264,1324,639,1838]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Recognition. This species keys to couplet
<quantity id="4CC9BBEEFFF2FFA13749FAD1FCB0FA44" box="[804,864,1401,1427]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9304" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="in" value="76.0">76 in</quantity>
the latest key to phorid genera (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA06BFAFFF2FFA130BBFAD1FE96FA6C" author="Disney" pageId="1" pageNumber="7" refString="Disney, R. H. L. (1994) Scuttle flies-the Phoridae. Chapman &amp; Hall, London, 467 pp." type="book" year="1994">Disney 1994</bibRefCitation>
), where we are asked to choose between wing vein R2+3 complete (genus
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA130D5FA09FEBEFA31" authority="Rondani" authorityName="Rondani" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Triphleba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF2FFA130D5FA09FAF8FA6D" box="[1208,1320,1441,1466]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Triphleba</emphasis>
Rondani
</taxonomicName>
, in part) versus wing vein R2+3 basally obliterated. In either case, at least a vestigial R2+3 is expected, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA136E7FA5FFD21F9C7" box="[650,753,1527,1552]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Tapantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF2FFA136E7FA5FFD21F9C7" box="[650,753,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Tapantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
there is only some dark pigment. If we take lead 2, we are lead to couplet 77. The two leads of couplet 77 are “Restricted to
<collectingCountry id="F326569BFFF2FFA130EDF989FAF1F9EC" box="[1152,1313,1569,1595]" name="New Zealand" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
” versus “Restricted to Holarctic Region,” neither of which apply. The first lead is for the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA1353AF9D9FDFCF95C" authority="Schmitz" authorityName="Schmitz" box="[343,556,1649,1675]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Kierania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF2FFA1353AF9D9FE6FF95D" box="[343,447,1649,1674]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Kierania</emphasis>
Schmitz
</taxonomicName>
, which differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA1374BF9D9FC5DF95D" box="[806,909,1649,1674]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Tapantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF2FFA1374BF9D9FC5DF95D" box="[806,909,1649,1674]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Tapantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having elongate posterior processes on the epandrium. The second lead is for
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA1373BF931FC18F965" box="[854,968,1689,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Triphleba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF2FFA1373BF931FC18F965" box="[854,968,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Triphleba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in part, which also has such elongate processes. Interestingly, undescribed Neotropical Region species of
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF2FFA130D5F969FEBBF8D4" authority="Rondani" authorityName="Rondani" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Triphleba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF2FFA130D5F969FAF8F90D" box="[1208,1320,1729,1754]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Triphleba</emphasis>
Rondani
</taxonomicName>
that completely lack wing vein R2+3 also key to this problematic couplet. To amend these problems, we propose the following modification to Disneys key:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E160BFFF1FFA23565FEB4FAFBFE5C" blockId="2.[264,1323,284,675]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
76. Fork of vein 3 complete [=R2+3 fully developed]
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF1FFA237E9FEB4FB33FEE2" box="[900,1251,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
................................
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF1FFA2301EFEB4FB33FEE2" box="[1139,1251,284,309]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Triphleba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Triphleba</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(part) ­ Inner branch of fork (R2+3) partly to completely absent .......................................... 77 77. Male terminalia with posterodorsal area of epandrium narrow, continuous below
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E160BFFF1FFA2353DFE31FAFBFE64" blockId="2.[264,1323,284,675]" box="[336,1323,409,435]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">cerci, not produced posteriorly; cerci relatively elongate, base of cerci with short</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E160BFFF1FFA2353DFE69FAFBFDD4" blockId="2.[264,1323,284,675]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
epandrial ring
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF1FFA2366DFE69FAFBFE0D" box="[512,1323,449,474]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF1FFA230A9FE69FAFBFE0D" box="[1220,1323,449,474]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Tapantia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapantia</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
­ Male terminalia with posterodorsal area of epandrium produced posteriorly, ending
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E160BFFF1FFA2353DFDB9FAF6FDFC" blockId="2.[264,1323,284,675]" box="[336,1318,529,555]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">freely, often in elongate processes; cerci short, base of cerci without epandrial ring..</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8E160BFFF1FFA2353DFD91FAFAFD74" blockId="2.[264,1323,284,675]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
............................................................................................................................... 77A 77A. Restricted to
<collectingCountry id="F326569BFFF1FFA23581FDC9FD59FDAC" box="[492,649,609,635]" name="New Zealand" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF1FFA236E1FDC9FAFBFDAD" box="[652,1323,609,634]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
.............................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF1FFA230AEFDC9FAFBFDAD" box="[1219,1323,609,634]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Kierania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kierania</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
­ Restricted to Holarctic and Neotropical Regions...............................
<taxonomicName id="4C316D88FFF1FFA2301DFD21FB32FD75" box="[1136,1250,649,674]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Triphleba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B945CA19FFF1FFA2301DFD21FB32FD75" box="[1136,1250,649,674]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Triphleba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(part)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>