173 lines
13 KiB
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173 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365" ID-GBIF-Dataset="447d0c45-35c7-4aaa-b3b3-acbf7069da06" ID-PMC="PMC7082394" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-142-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" ID-PubMed="32210671" ModsDocID="1314-2003-142-1" checkinTime="1584104974826" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Klopper, Ronell R., Crouch, Neil R., Smith, Gideon F. & van Wyk, Abraham E." docDate="2020" docId="67F1F5DCEF1758C6BC6DD6C8563F62CC" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 142: 1-88" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 142" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365" docTitle="Aloidendron tongaense Klopper & Gideon F. Sm." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" masterDocTitle="A synoptic review of the aloes (Asphodelaceae, Alooideae) of KwaZulu-Natal, an ecologically diverse province in eastern South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668139702755" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A synoptic review of the aloes (Asphodelaceae, Alooideae) of KwaZulu-Natal, an ecologically diverse province in eastern South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Klopper, Ronell R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crouch, Neil R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Gideon F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>van Wyk, Abraham E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>142</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>88</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-142-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="162486992" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:67F1F5DCEF1758C6BC6DD6C8563F62CC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/67F1F5DCEF1758C6BC6DD6C8563F62CC" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="67F1F5DC-EF17-58C6-BC6D-D6C8563F62CC" authority="(Van Jaarsv.) Klopper & Gideon F. Sm." class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloidendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloidendron tongaense" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tongaense">Aloidendron tongaense (Van Jaarsv.) Klopper & Gideon F.Sm.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="syn">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Syn.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="van Jaarsv" authorityYear="2010" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe tongaensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tongaensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe tongaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Van Jaarsv.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Tree, 4-8 m high, with rounded crown.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trunk</emphasis>
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60-80 cm diameter at base, erect, dichotomously branched, without persistent dried leaves, with grey bark.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
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rosulate at branch tips, spreading to recurved, dull green, without markings, leathery, ensiform, upper surface canaliculate, 40-59 cm long, 4.5 cm wide; margin with teeth, 2 mm long, 5-10 mm apart.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence</emphasis>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.35 m tall, erect, up to 6-branched.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Racemes</emphasis>
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capitate, 4-6 cm long, rather dense.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Floral bracts</emphasis>
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12-14 mm long, 3-4 mm wide.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pedicels</emphasis>
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10-14 mm long.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">perianth</emphasis>
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yellowish-orange, 47-50 mm long, 8-9 mm across ovary, narrowing very slightly towards mouth, cylindrical, curved; outer segments free for 10 mm;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">stamens</emphasis>
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exserted 3-5 mm;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">style</emphasis>
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exserted to 7 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="flowering time">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowering time.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mainly April-May.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sand forest and coastal dune forest, in warm, humid, tropical/subtropical conditions, on sandy soil.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnostic characters.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloidendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloidendron tongaense" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tongaense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloidendron tongaense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is one of only two large tree aloes indigenous to KwaZulu-Natal. These two aloes both have dichotomously branched stems that lack persistent dried leaves.
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloidendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloidendron tongaense" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tongaense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloidendron tongaense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloidendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloidendron barberae" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barberae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloidendron barberae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in being a shorter tree (up to 8 m, not up to 18 m) with fewer branches and having smaller dull green leaves of 40-59 cm long (not bright green and 60-90 cm). The inflorescence is also slightly shorter at
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.35 m (not 0.4-0.6 m) and up to 6-branched (not 3-branched from a single point), with shorter capitate racemes of 4-6 cm long (not cylindrical and 20-30 cm), bearing curved yellowish-orange flowers that are 47-50 mm long (not straight rose-pink flowers of 33-37 mm) with stamens exserted 3-5 mm at anthesis (not up to 15 mm).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Least Concern (
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<bibRefCitation author="Von Staden, L" journalOrPublisher="Aloe" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://redlist.sanbi.org" refId="B59" refString="Von Staden, L, Nichols, G, Grieve, G, 2013. Aloidendrontongaense (Van Jaarsv.) Klopper & Gideon F.Sm. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2017.1. http://redlist.sanbi.org" title="Aloidendrontongaense (Van Jaarsv.) Klopper & Gideon F. Sm. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2017.1." url="http://redlist.sanbi.org" year="2013">Von Staden et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Occurs in the sand forest and coastal dune forest at Kosi Bay in northern KwaZulu-Natal (Maputaland), South Africa and along the southern Mozambique coast as far north as Inhambane, with a known disjunct collection further north in the Cheringoma District of east-central Mozambique (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Aloidendron tongaense. Photo: N. R. Crouch." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/388230" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
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). It is a near-endemic of the Maputaland Centre of Endemism (
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<bibRefCitation author="Van Wyk, AE" journalOrPublisher="Aloe" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B55" refString="Van Wyk, AE, Smith, GF, 2001. Regions of Floristic Endemism in Southern Africa. A Review with Emphasis on Succulents. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, Pretoria." title="Regions of Floristic Endemism in Southern Africa. A Review with Emphasis on Succulents. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, Pretoria." year="2001">Van Wyk and Smith 2001</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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This aloe was previously considered to be a coastal form of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. barberae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="barberae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. barberae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but was later accorded species status (
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<bibRefCitation author="Van Jaarsveld, EJ" journalOrPublisher="Aloe" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="64 - 71" refId="B51" refString="Van Jaarsveld, EJ, 2010. Aloe tongaensis, a new species from Tongaland, KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), and a new sectional arrangement of the tree aloes. Aloe 47: 64 - 71" title="Aloe tongaensis, a new species from Tongaland, KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), and a new sectional arrangement of the tree aloes." volume="47" year="2010">Van Jaarsveld 2010</bibRefCitation>
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). Although the protologue and subsequent literature states that the species is only known from northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa and adjacent areas of southern Mozambique, herbarium specimens indicate that it occurs much wider in Mozambique. In fact, numerous specimens from lowland parts of Mozambique, previously regarded as
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. barberae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="barberae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. barberae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, have now been assigned to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. tongaense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tongaense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. tongaense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Walker, CC" journalOrPublisher="Bradleya" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B61" refString="Walker, CC, Smith, GF, Figueiredo, E, Klopper, RR, Crouch, NR, Condy, G, 2019b. Aloidendronbarberae. Flowering Plants of Africa 66: 8-21, t.2342." title="Aloidendronbarberae. Flowering Plants of Africa 66: 8 - 21, t. 2342." year="2019 b">Walker et al. 2019b</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/388230" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 4.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloidendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloidendron tongaense" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tongaense">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloidendron tongaense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Photo: N.R. Crouch.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |