459 lines
43 KiB
XML
459 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.415.5887" ID-PMC="PMC4089825" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-415-217" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6C204B3EFFF8FFF7FFE4FFF3FFC13468" ID-PubMed="25009429" ID-Zenodo-Dep="578301" ID-ZooBank="287A4DC80EFC42C6AA55DBB4D7A3441B" ModsDocID="1313-2970-415-217" checkinTime="1451245774308" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Smith, Aaron D., Dornburg, Rebecca & Wheeler, Quentin D." docDate="2014" docId="766C58B07804214FDC44900FB9E4F846" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 415: 217-268" docOrigin="ZooKeys 415" docPubDate="2014-06-12" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.415.5887" docTitle="Eleodes Eschscholtz 1829" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="6C204B3EFFF8FFF7FFE4FFF3FFC13468" lastPageNumber="222" masterDocId="6C204B3EFFF8FFF7FFE4FFF3FFC13468" masterDocTitle="Larvae of the genus Eleodes (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae): matrix-based descriptions, cladistic analysis, and key to late instars" masterLastPageNumber="268" masterPageNumber="217" pageNumber="221" updateTime="1668158638557" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Larvae of the genus Eleodes (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae): matrix-based descriptions, cladistic analysis, and key to late instars</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Aaron D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, PO Box 5640, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011 - 5640, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dornburg, Rebecca</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, PO Box 874501, Tempe, AZ, 85287 - 4501, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wheeler, Quentin D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2014-06-12</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>415</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>217</mods:start>
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<mods:end>268</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.415.5887</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.415.5887</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-415-217</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">287A4DC80EFC42C6AA55DBB4D7A3441B</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">6C204B3EFFF8FFF7FFE4FFF3FFC13468</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">578301</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152053448" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:766C58B07804214FDC44900FB9E4F846" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/766C58B07804214FDC44900FB9E4F846" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="222" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="221" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">
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<taxonomicName LSID="766C58B0-7804-214F-DC44-900FB9E4F846" authority="Eschscholtz, 1829" authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eleodes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eleodes Eschscholtz, 1829</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="221" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">
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Over 1,400 larval
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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specimens were examined for this study from 14
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species. In addition, historical descriptions and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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specimens for which the species could not be confirmed due to a lack of positive association between adults and larvae also conform to the generic description provided.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="222" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">
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Integument strongly sclerotized, light tan to nearly black in color; setose, with hair-like setae throughout and spinose setae on legs and abdominal tergite IX. Thoracic and abdominal segments subcylindrical, surface coriaceous (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dorsal habitus of four Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Caverneleodes) wheeleri; B Eleodes (Eleodes) armatus C Eleodes (Eleodes) caudiferus D Eleodes (Eleodes) tribulus. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29485" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Figs 2A-D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Dorsal habitus of four Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus B Eleodes (Melaneleodes) anthracinus C Eleodes (Melaneleodes) carbonarius D Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29486" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">3A-D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Lateral habitus of three Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Blapylis) nigropilosus B Eleodes (Caverneleodes) wheeleri C Eleodes (Eleodes) armatus. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29487" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">4A-C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Lateral habitus of three Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Eleodes) caudiferus B Eleodes (Eleodes) tribulus C Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29488" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">5A-C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Lateral habitus of three Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Melaneleodes) anthracinus B Eleodes (Melaneleodes) carbonarius C Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29489" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">6A-C</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29485" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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Dorsal habitus of four
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Eleodes Aalbu, Smith, & Triplehorn" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wheeleri" subGenus="Caverneleodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Caverneleodes) wheeleri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1851" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus" subGenus="Eleodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Eleodes) armatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1858" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudiferus" subGenus="Eleodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Eleodes) caudiferus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">D</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tribulus" subGenus="Eleodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Eleodes) tribulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Scale bar = 5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29486" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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Dorsal habitus of four
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="extricatus" subGenus="Litheleodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Blaisdell" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthracinus" subGenus="Melaneleodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Melaneleodes) anthracinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius" subGenus="Melaneleodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Melaneleodes) carbonarius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">D</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1870" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosus" subGenus="Tricheleodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Scale bar = 5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29487" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Figure 4.</emphasis>
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Lateral habitus of three
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1851" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigropilosus" subGenus="Blapylis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Blapylis) nigropilosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Eleodes Aalbu, Smith, & Triplehorn" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wheeleri" subGenus="Caverneleodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Caverneleodes) wheeleri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1851" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus" subGenus="Eleodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Eleodes) armatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Scale bar = 5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29488" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Figure 5.</emphasis>
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Lateral habitus of three
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1858" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudiferus" subGenus="Eleodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Eleodes) caudiferus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tribulus" subGenus="Eleodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Eleodes) tribulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="extricatus" subGenus="Litheleodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Scale bar = 5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29489" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Figure 6.</emphasis>
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Lateral habitus of three
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Blaisdell" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthracinus" subGenus="Melaneleodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Melaneleodes) anthracinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius" subGenus="Melaneleodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Melaneleodes) carbonarius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">C</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1870" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosus" subGenus="Tricheleodes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Scale bar = 5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Head.</emphasis>
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Prognathous or slightly declined (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Lateral habitus of the head and thoracic segments of three Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Melaneleodes) anthracinus B Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus C Eleodes (Promus) subnitens. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29490" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Fig. 7A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
), weakly dorsoventrally flattened, strongly constricted before occipital foramen. Epicranial stem one-fourth to one third head capsule length; frontal arms U-shaped or sinuate, occasionally obscured by sculpturing. Frons and dorsal portion of epicranial plates weakly to moderately rugose; punctate, punctures minute, lacking setae. Ventrolateral portions of epicranial plates setose; setae golden, erect; two stemmata present on each plate, pigmented spots often faded. Clypeus trapezoidal, often weakly transversely raised medially. Labrum with two transverse rows of six to fourteen erect setae present medially and subapically; anterior margin straight or weakly emarginate. Epipharynx (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Eleodes (Melaneleodes) anthracinus, epipharnyx. asp = anterior spines, msp = medial spines, mst = microsetae, pap = sensory papillae, tor = tormae. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29491" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Epipharynges of four Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Melaneleodes) carbonarius B Eleodes (Eleodes) armatus C Eleodes (Eleodes) hispilabris D Eleodes (Eleodes) tribulus. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29492" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">9A-D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Epipharynges of four Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus B Eleodes (Promus) goryi C Eleodes (Promus) subnitens D Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29493" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">10A-D</figureCitation>
|
||
) with stout spiniform setae along anterior margin, an anterior cluster of four to six variably arranged spinules, a subanterior transverse row of four small spinules subtended by two spinose setae and posterior cluster of six to eight small spinules; tormae symmetrical or asymmetrical. Mandible apex bidentate, mola concave. Ligula small, setation variable (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Ligulas of three Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Melaneleodes) carbonarius B Eleodes (Eleodes) armatus C Eleodes (Promus) goryi. Scale bars = 200 µm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29494" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Fig. 11A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hypopharyngeal sclerome pentagonal or trapezoidal (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Hypopharyngeal scleromes of two Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Melaneleodes) carbonarius B Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus. Scale bars = 200 µm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29495" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Fig. 12A-B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gula distinct, trapezoidal, widest in basal half. Antenna three segmented, cylindrical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29490" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral habitus of the head and thoracic segments of three
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Blaisdell" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthracinus" subGenus="Melaneleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Melaneleodes) anthracinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="extricatus" subGenus="Litheleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1851" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subnitens" subGenus="Promus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Promus) subnitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bar = 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29491" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Blaisdell" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthracinus" subGenus="Melaneleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Melaneleodes) anthracinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, epipharnyx. asp = anterior spines, msp = medial spines, mst = microsetae, pap = sensory papillae, tor = tormae. Scale bar = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29492" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Epipharynges of four
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius" subGenus="Melaneleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Melaneleodes) carbonarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1851" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus" subGenus="Eleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Eleodes) armatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1824" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispilabris" subGenus="Eleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Eleodes) hispilabris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tribulus" subGenus="Eleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Eleodes) tribulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bars = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29493" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Figure 10.</emphasis>
|
||
Epipharynges of four
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="extricatus" subGenus="Litheleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Solier" authorityYear="1848" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goryi" subGenus="Promus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Promus) goryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1851" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subnitens" subGenus="Promus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Promus) subnitens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1870" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosus" subGenus="Tricheleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bars = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29494" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Figure 11.</emphasis>
|
||
Ligulas of three
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius" subGenus="Melaneleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Melaneleodes) carbonarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1851" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus" subGenus="Eleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Eleodes) armatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Solier" authorityYear="1848" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goryi" subGenus="Promus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Promus) goryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bars = 200
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29495" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Figure 12.</emphasis>
|
||
Hypopharyngeal scleromes of two
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carbonarius" subGenus="Melaneleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Melaneleodes) carbonarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="extricatus" subGenus="Litheleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="221">Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bars = 200
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="222">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="222" start="start">Thorax</pageBreakToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Prothoracic tergum 1.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
or more length of meso- or metaterga (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dorsal habitus of four Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Caverneleodes) wheeleri; B Eleodes (Eleodes) armatus C Eleodes (Eleodes) caudiferus D Eleodes (Eleodes) tribulus. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29485" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Figs 2A-D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Dorsal habitus of four Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus B Eleodes (Melaneleodes) anthracinus C Eleodes (Melaneleodes) carbonarius D Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29486" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">3A-D</figureCitation>
|
||
); anterior transverse striated band present, generally darker than protergal disc; lateral margins with granulated band either distinct or barely visible (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Lateral habitus of the head and thoracic segments of three Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Melaneleodes) anthracinus B Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus C Eleodes (Promus) subnitens. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29490" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Fig. 7A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Posterior transverse striated band present on all thoracic tergites. Meso- and metathoracic tergites wider than long. Mesothoracic spiracle simple, ovate, approximately 1.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
size of abdominal spiracles; reduced metathoracic spiracle visible, less than one-fourth size of mesothoracic spiracle. Legs. Prothoracic leg slightly longer, much thicker than meso- and metathoracic legs; prothoracic tarsungulus strongly sclerotized, sickle-shaped; dorsal surface of prothoracic femur with faintly indicated basal sclerotized band; dorsal surface of prothoracic tibia slightly more sclerotized than ventral surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="222">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Abdominal tergites and sternites I-VIII with transverse striated bands present along posterior margins. Abdominal sternite I setose (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Abdominal sternites I and II for two Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Eleodes) caudiferus B Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29496" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Fig. 13A-B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdominal segment IX (pygidium) triangular in dorsal view, gradually reflexed to apex, urogomphi absent, apical tooth present or absent (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Pygidia of two Eleodes species: A Eleodes (Eleodes) hispilabris B Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29497" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Fig. 14A-B</figureCitation>
|
||
); marginal row of socketed spines present around posterior two-thirds to one half of segment. Abdominal segment X located ventrally; pygopods short, subconical, each with erect setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29496" pageId="5" pageNumber="222" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="222">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Figure 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Abdominal sternites I and II for two
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Eleodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1858" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudiferus" subGenus="Eleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Eleodes (Eleodes) caudiferus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="extricatus" subGenus="Litheleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Eleodes (Litheleodes) extricatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bars = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/29497" pageId="5" pageNumber="222" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="222">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Figure 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Pygidia of two
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Eleodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species:
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1824" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hispilabris" subGenus="Eleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Eleodes (Eleodes) hispilabris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1870" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosus" subGenus="Tricheleodes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Eleodes (Tricheleodes) pilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bar = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="222" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="222">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Eleodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae can vary greatly in pigmentation, size, number of spines on the legs and pygidium, and the overall degree of sclerotization. Characters in the matrix relating to general integument coloration (6, 24, 45, 46, 47, 69) can vary greatly between specimens depending on age of specimen, length of time since last instar, and preservation method. There may also be genetic variation, though specimens from our populations were generally homogeneous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="222" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="222">
|
||
All known
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Eleodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae share the following combination of characters: head capsule weakly dorsoventrally flattened, strongly constricted before occipital foramen; prothoracic tergum 1.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
or more length of meso- or metaterga, anterior transverse striated band present, lateral margins with granulated band either distinct or barely visible; prothoracic leg slightly longer and much thicker than meso- and metathoracic legs; 8-38 socketed spines on the pygidial margin, pygopods short, subconical, each with erect setae. However, the known
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eleodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="222">Eleodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae cannot yet be separated from other
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1862" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="222" rank="tribe" tribe="Amphidorini">Amphidorini</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae due to a lack of specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |