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<document id="3E669EEB761F0EB8E677D53E685D091F" ID-CLB-Dataset="239061" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6bf54794-9ea7-463e-8361-63815b37a4d6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7773164" ID-ZooBank="A1F9480B-267D-4CBD-8159-00FD9A6445A4" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1679898766733" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ampuero, André &amp; Ramírez, Rina" docDate="2023" docId="03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5258.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5258 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pomacea penai Ampuero &amp; Ramírez 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="85" masterDocId="FF80F35FBC05FF8DFF871649FFECFFAD" masterDocTitle="Description of two new species of apple snail (Ampullariidae: Pomacea) from Peruvian Amazonia" masterLastPageNumber="98" masterPageNumber="76" pageNumber="78" updateTime="1699477352927" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="4044F9960B5C2A8C3673BB48658A970C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="7CC40BFC8A8416FEAFAB66FA9AB5BE07">
<mods:title id="719C1DA07934021FD26C72B021FFEDDA">Description of two new species of apple snail (Ampullariidae: Pomacea) from Peruvian Amazonia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="6E8DB1FC174E9E8B5F2506E525747762" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="508413DC3C7BD3772648BDABB85B66FE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A54242471CFEDB920EBD6EA87DCDC8CC">Ampuero, André</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="94E22E9CCBEB220DF14FAB015FA7E07C">Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Apartado 14 - 0434, Lima- 14, Peru. &amp; Laboratorio de Sistemática Molecular y Filogeografía, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. German Amezaga 375, Lima- 1, Peru.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="5B5D1177DFB0DB2759B2059429F75C22">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="724C14EF58736D797E11A704EDCC804F">Ramírez, Rina</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="470C31C570E06456D50B566307F41A94" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1924-5844</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="690C2D2C152D4575D798B4FADD4A8506">Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Apartado 14 - 0434, Lima- 14, Peru. &amp; Laboratorio de Sistemática Molecular y Filogeografía, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. German Amezaga 375, Lima- 1, Peru. &amp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1924 - 5844</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="CC21F846C5A7EE7DAB1E3807532344A4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F1A3F164A28D1184E503ACCFDBD638CE">
<mods:date id="CE7798BAA18ABFC4F52FFC5AC025F351">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="1BAB32D56819DBECEBBDEADA13C8AE59" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="ECD7446078DEBC55048ECF83ED6FA9B8">2023-03-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="84FA69228172B11AF29B768081861F86">5258</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="5B5F8158EB7A044FFF965B5AF624C6FB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9B70369B084E5ED8956782C04A0F0AF7" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5258.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7775896" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209469659" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7775896" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">
<subSubSection id="C30A69BABC07FF8FFF101457FE59FD9A" box="[151,437,541,568]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC07FF8FFF101457FE59FD9A" blockId="2.[151,842,541,604]" box="[151,437,541,568]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">
<heading id="D0E78D5DBC07FF8FFF101457FE59FD9A" bold="true" box="[151,437,541,568]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC07FF8FFF101457FE59FD9A" bold="true" box="[151,437,541,568]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC07FF8FFF101457FEBCFD9A" ID-CoL="33dad51b-2ddd-465a-9eac-4b6f969729a2" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,336,541,568]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC07FF8FFF101457FEBCFD9A" bold="true" box="[151,336,541,568]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Pomacea penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC07FF8FFED01454FE59FD9A" box="[343,437,541,567]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A69BABC07FF8FFF101408FCA6FDF6" box="[151,842,577,604]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC07FF8FFF101408FCA6FDF6" blockId="2.[151,842,541,604]" box="[151,842,577,604]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC07FF8FFF101408FF08FDF6" box="[151,228,577,603]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,181,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[188,1399,181,1889]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Frontal and dorsal views of Pomacea penai shells. (A) MUSM 5692H (h=77.76 mm); (B) MUSM 5692P (h=70.32 mm); (C) MUSM 5709P (h=70.98 mm); (D) MUSM 5702M (h=66.50 mm); (E) MUSM 5624P (h=93.42 mm); (F) MUSM 5704M (h=109.02 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773172" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773172/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC07FF8FFF761408FEA8FDF6" box="[241,324,577,603]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1362,1386]" captionTargetBox="[173,1410,387,1300]" captionTargetId="figure-94@6.[151,1436,345,1339]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Outer and inner views of Pomacea spp. nov. opercula: Pomacea penai: (A) holotype MUSM 5692H and (B) paratype MUSM 5692P; Pomacea reevei: (C) holotype MUSM 5723H and (D) paratype MUSM 5723P. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773176/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">4A, 4B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC07FF8FFED71408FE99FDF1" box="[336,373,577,604]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,2016,2040]" captionTargetBox="[199,1401,1496,1956]" captionTargetId="figure-137@6.[151,1436,1447,1993]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Living specimens of (A) Pomacea penai MUSM 5713P and (B) Pomacea reevei MUSM 5723P.Scale bars = 20 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773180" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773180/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">5A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC07FF8FFE061408FE3FFDF6" box="[385,467,577,603]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1670,1694]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-194@7.[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Visceral mass showing pallial cavity roof, and foregut in lateral view of (A, C) Pomacea penai and (B, D) Pomacea reevei. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; ct, ctenidium; dg, digestive gland; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; in, intestine; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; os, osphradium; po, pallial oviduct; pk, posterior kidney; rct, rectum; rs, radular sac; sg, salivary gland; st, septum; ve, ventricle; v, vagina. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773182/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">6A, 6C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC07FF8FFE58140BFDD8FDF1" box="[479,564,578,604]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[223,1364,1275,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-488@10.[223,1364,1275,1901]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Radulae of (A) Pomacea penai MUSM 5692P, and Pomacea reevei (B) MUSM 5715P, (C) MUSM 5627P in SEM. Drawings of the radular row of P. penai (D) and P. reevei (E). Abbreviations: R: rachidian tooth; L, lateral tooth; M1, inner marginal tooth; M2, outer marginal tooth. Scale bars = 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773186" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773186/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">7A, 7D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC07FF8FFDC71408FDA3FDF6" box="[576,591,577,603]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[154,1416,382,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-92@11.[151,1436,345,1611]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Anatomy of female Pomacea penai: (A) ventral view of female pallial cavity roof, pericardic cavity opened, pallial oviduct turned aside and schematic view showing internal structures; (B) frontal view of head–foot; (C) osphradium morphology detailed; (D) outline of kidney morphology; (E) lateral right view of foregut; (F) stomach dorsally opened. Abbreviations: agl, albumen gland; ak, anterior kidney; am, ampulla; an, anus; au, auricle; bc, copulatory bursa; cgl, capsule gland; ce, cephalic tentacle; dd, digestive gland ducts; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; ey, eye; fo, female opening; gv, wall of gastric ventral chamber; gm, gastric muscle; ic, intestinal caecum; ig, intestinal groove; in, intestine; la, labial palp; lnl, left nuchal lobe; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; mo, mouth; om, ommatophore; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pa, parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex; pgf, pedal glandular furrow; pk, posterior kidney; pn, pneumostome; rcs, seminal receptacle; rct, rectum; rnl, right nuchal lobe; rs, radular sac; sa, sorting area; sg, salivary gland; sn, snout; so, sole; sp, stomach pouch; st, septum; t1, major typhlosole; t2, minor typhlosole; t1f, major typhlosole fold; t2f, minor typhlosole fold; ug, urinary gutter; ve, ventricle; vp, vestigial penis sheath; v, vagina. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773188/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC07FF8FFDDB1408FD80FDF6" box="[604,620,577,603]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,765,789]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,181,741]" captionTargetId="figure-19@12.[155,1432,181,741]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Male reproductive system of Pomacea penai: penis sheath externally deflected of (A) fresh MUSM 5700M and (B) fixed specimen MUSM 5692H, and (C) mantle deflected showing prostate and seminal vesicle (marked with dashed lines). Abbreviations: an, anus; asg, apical sheath gland; bsg, basal sheath gland; ct, ctenidium; os, osphradium; pb, penis bulb; pe, penis; pp, penis pouch; prs, prostate; ug, urinary gutter; vs, seminal vesicle. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773194/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC07FF8FFDFF1408FCC8FDF6" box="[632,804,577,603]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,921,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-95@12.[151,1436,921,1900]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Oviposition and eggs in Pomacea spp. (A) Female Pomacea penai and (D) Pomacea reevei laying eggs; egg clutches of (B) P. penai and (E) P. reevei; habitats where egg clutches of (C) P. penai and (F, G) P. reevei were found. Scale bar = 20 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773196/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">10A, 10B, 10C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC07FF8FFCA81408FCA6FDF6" box="[815,842,577,603]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1973,1997]" captionTargetBox="[207,1418,1006,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-386@13.[151,1436,993,1949]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Shell shape variation of Pomacea penai across localities based on principal component analysis (PCA) of 19 landmarks. Most extreme individuals and shape deformation associated with components are illustrated near the respective" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773200/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">11</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A69BABC07FF8FFF1014CCFD0DFD33" box="[151,737,645,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="synonymic_list">
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC07FF8FFF1014CCFD0DFD33" blockId="2.[151,737,645,670]" box="[151,737,645,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC07FF8FFF1014CCFEFEFD30" bold="true" box="[151,274,645,669]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Synonymy:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC07FF8FFE9F14CEFE40FD33" box="[280,428,646,670]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undefined-2">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC07FF8FFE9F14CEFE9AFD33" box="[280,374,647,670]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Pomacea</emphasis>
sp. 2
</taxonomicName>
—
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC07FF8FFE4214CFFD7CFD33" author="Ramirez, R. &amp; Ramirez, J. L. &amp; Rivera, F. &amp; Justino, S. &amp; Solis, M. &amp; Morin, J. &amp; Ampuero, A. &amp; Mendivil, A. &amp; Congrains, C." box="[453,656,646,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref13760" refString="Ramirez, R., Ramirez, J. L., Rivera, F., Justino, S., Solis, M., Morin, J., Ampuero, A., Mendivil, A. &amp; Congrains, C. (2022) Do not judge a snail by its shell: molecular identification of Pomacea species (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae), with particular reference to the Peruvian Amazonian giant apple snail, erroneously synonymized with Pomacea maculata. Archiv fur Molluskenkunde, 151 (1), 1 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / arch. moll / 151 / 007 - 017" type="journal article" year="2022">
Ramírez
<emphasis id="B964E623BC07FF8FFDA514CEFDB9FD33" box="[546,597,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
, fig 2B.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A69BABC07FF8FFF101485FD4EFB16" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC07FF8FFF101485FDB0FBDF" blockId="2.[151,1437,716,2039]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC07FF8FFF101485FEAAFD4B" bold="true" box="[151,326,716,742]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Type material:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFECB1484FD16FD4A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622311" box="[332,762,716,743]" collectingDate="2018-06-25" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="I. Carrillo" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-3.7097223" location="PERU" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Iquitos" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="5692H" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Loreto" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F3077AA1BC07FF8FFECB1484FE7BFD4A" box="[332,407,717,743]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">PERU</collectingCountry>
.
<typeStatus id="54AB8493BC07FF8FFE261485FDE5FD4B" box="[417,521,716,742]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFD881485FDA9FD4B" box="[527,581,716,742]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="male">male</specimenCount>
<collectionCode id="ED01A2F4BC07FF8FFDCC1485FD4DFD4B" box="[587,673,716,742]" collectionName="Peru, Lima, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Museo de Historia Natural" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFD201485FD1BFD4A" box="[679,759,716,743]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">5692H</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFC871484FBF4FC83" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622329" collectingDate="2018-06-25" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="R. Chujutalli" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-3.7097223" location="Nanay River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Maynas prov" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5692, SMF 348816, MUSM 5692P, MZSP 122665" specimenCount="8" stateProvince="LORETO" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54AB8493BC07FF8FFC871484FC9DFD4A" box="[768,881,717,743]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFCFD1485FBE2FD4A" box="[890,1038,716,743]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5692</specimenCode>
P,
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFBA01485FB55FD4B" box="[1063,1209,716,742]" collectionCode="SMF" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">SMF 348816</specimenCode>
(ex
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFB6E1485FA7CFD4A" box="[1257,1424,716,743]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5692P</specimenCode>
),
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFF1014B9FED4FCA6" box="[151,312,752,779]" collectionCode="MZSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9yp6-zxp9" name="Sao Paulo, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="Museum">MZSP 122665</specimenCode>
(ex
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFEE314B9FDE6FCA6" box="[356,522,752,779]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5692P</specimenCode>
).
<collectingRegion id="49D4F4D3BC07FF8FFD9D14B9FD67FCA7" box="[538,651,752,778]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">LORETO</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFD1314B8FCC5FCA6" box="[660,809,753,779]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Maynas prov</collectingMunicipality>
.,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFCB214B9FC6AFCA7" box="[821,902,752,778]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Iquitos</collectingMunicipality>
, flooding area of
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFBC714B8FB21FCA7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFBC714B8FB21FCA7" box="[1088,1229,752,779]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-3.7097223" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Maynas prov" name="Nanay River" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Nanay River</location>
,
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFB5114B8FF0DFC82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFB5114B8FF0DFC82" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-3.7097223" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Maynas prov" name="Nueva BellavistaNanay" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Nueva BellavistaNanay</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFF6C155DFE6EFC82" box="[235,386,788,815]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="35.0" value="-3.7097223">03°42'35.0”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFE0A155DFDC1FC82" box="[397,557,788,815]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="55.2" value="-73.248665">73°14'55.2”W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFDE1155CFD15FC83" box="[614,761,788,815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">R. Chujutalli</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFC85155DFC93FC82" box="[770,895,788,815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2018-06-25">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFC85155DFC93FC82" box="[770,895,788,815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2018-06-25">25/vi/2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFC0F155DFBF8FC83" box="[904,1044,788,814]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">8 specimens</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFB99155DFD87FCDB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622335" collectingDate="2018-02-17" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="I. Carrillo" country="Peru" county="Lake Huimbacocha" latitude="-3.7097223" location="Cruz Muyuna Lake" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Ucayali prov" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5709P" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="LORETO" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFB99155DFB2CFC82" box="[1054,1216,788,815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5709P</specimenCode>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D4F4D3BC07FF8FFB4C155DFAD0FC83" box="[1227,1340,788,814]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">LORETO</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFAC2155DFF23FCFE" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Ucayali prov</collectingMunicipality>
.,
<collectingCounty id="62CE42BDBC07FF8FFF661571FE2DFCFF" box="[225,449,824,850]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Lake Huimbacocha</collectingCounty>
, near
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFD8E1571FD65FCFE" box="[521,649,824,851]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Santa Rosa</collectingMunicipality>
hamlet,
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFD761571FC3FFCFF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFD761571FC3FFCFF" box="[753,979,824,851]" country="Peru" county="Lake Huimbacocha" latitude="-3.7097223" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Ucayali prov" name="Cruz Muyuna Lake" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Cruz Muyuna Lake</location>
,
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFC661571FB6EFCFF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFC661571FB6EFCFF" box="[993,1154,824,850]" country="Peru" county="Lake Huimbacocha" latitude="-3.7097223" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Ucayali prov" name="Ucayali River" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Ucayali River</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFB171571FAEFFCFF" box="[1168,1283,824,850]" degrees="6" direction="south" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="15" seconds="60" value="-6.7333336">6°43'60”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFA8A1571FA74FCFE" box="[1293,1432,824,851]" degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="15" seconds="60" value="-75.100006">75°05'60”W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFF4B1514FEADFCDB" box="[204,321,860,887]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">I. Carrillo</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFED71515FE2AFCDB" box="[336,454,860,886]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2018-02-17">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFED71515FE2AFCDB" box="[336,454,860,886]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2018-02-17">17/ii/2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFE511515FD8BFCDB" box="[470,615,860,887]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFDF11515FB86FC37" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622325" collectingDate="2011-03-14" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="A. Ampuero &amp; V. Borda" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-3.7097223" location="Maranon River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Loreto prov" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5624P" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="LORETO" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFDF11515FCF2FCDA" box="[630,798,860,887]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5624P</specimenCode>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D4F4D3BC07FF8FFCA91515FC73FCDB" box="[814,927,860,886]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">LORETO</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFC291514FBD0FCDA" box="[942,1084,861,887]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Loreto prov</collectingMunicipality>
.,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFBC81515FAE7FCDB" box="[1103,1291,860,886]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Saramuro Island</collectingMunicipality>
in
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFAB01514FF3BFC37" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFAB01514FF3BFC37" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-3.7097223" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Loreto prov" name="Maranon River" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Marañon River</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFF6215C9FE80FC36" box="[229,364,896,923]" degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="18.5" value="-4.7218056">4°43'18.5”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFEF115C9FDEDFC36" box="[374,513,896,923]" degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="15" seconds="58" value="-74.96611">74°57'58”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFD8A15C9FD76FC37" box="[525,666,896,922]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">A. Ampuero</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFD5215C8FCD1FC37" box="[725,829,896,923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">V. Borda</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFCCC15C9FC24FC37" box="[843,968,896,922]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2011-03-14">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFCCC15C9FC24FC37" box="[843,968,896,922]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2011-03-14">14/iii/2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFC5115C9FB89FC37" box="[982,1125,896,922]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFBF415C9FDE1FC4F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622338" collectingDate="2021-07-11" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="J. Lomas" country="Peru" county="Pahuachiro Creek" latitude="-3.7097223" location="Maranon River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Loreto prov" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5713P" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="LORETO" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFBF415C9FAF5FC36" box="[1139,1305,896,923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5713P</specimenCode>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D4F4D3BC07FF8FFAA015C9FA74FC37" box="[1319,1432,896,922]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">LORETO</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFF1015ECFEC8FC12" box="[151,292,933,959]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Loreto prov</collectingMunicipality>
.,
<collectingCounty id="62CE42BDBC07FF8FFEB215EDFDECFC13" box="[309,512,932,958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Pahuachiro Creek</collectingCounty>
near
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFDC315EDFD4CFC13" box="[580,672,932,958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Mullaca</collectingMunicipality>
oxbow lake,
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFCB815ECFC02FC13" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFCB815ECFC02FC13" box="[831,1006,932,959]" country="Peru" county="Pahuachiro Creek" latitude="-3.7097223" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Loreto prov" name="Maranon River" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Marañon River</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFC7B15EDFB7DFC12" box="[1020,1169,932,959]" degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="10.93" value="-4.5863695">4°35'10.93”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFB1C15EDFAA5FC13" box="[1179,1353,932,958]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="32.24" value="-73.608955">73°36'32.24”W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFA0D15ECFF0AFC4E" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">J. Lomas</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFF771581FE9FFC4F" box="[240,371,968,994]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2021-07-11">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFF771581FE9FFC4F" box="[240,371,968,994]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2021-07-11">11/vii/2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFEFA1581FDE5FC4F" box="[381,521,968,995]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFD941581FC51FBAB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622318" collectingDate="2020-01-05" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="R. Chujutalli" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-3.7097223" location="Amazon River-Indiana" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Timicurillo" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5703P" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="LORETO" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFD941581FD59FC4E" box="[531,693,968,995]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5703P</specimenCode>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D4F4D3BC07FF8FFD381581FCDCFC4F" box="[703,816,968,994]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">LORETO</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62CE42BDBC07FF8FFCBD1580FC38FC4E" box="[826,980,969,995]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Maynas prov.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFC5A1581FBB0FC4F" box="[989,1116,968,994]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Timicurillo</collectingMunicipality>
near
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFB111581FA74FC4F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFB111581FA74FC4F" box="[1174,1432,968,994]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-3.7097223" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Timicurillo" name="Amazon River-Indiana" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Amazon River-Indiana</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFF1015A5FEF2FBAA" box="[151,286,1004,1031]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="54.5" value="-3.5318055">3°31'54.5”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFEAF15A5FE25FBAA" box="[296,457,1004,1031]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="45.2" value="-73.06256">73°03'45.2”W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFD8E15A4FD4CFBAB" box="[521,672,1004,1031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">R. Chujutalli</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFD2A15A5FCF7FBAA" box="[685,795,1004,1031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2020-01-05">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFD2A15A5FCF7FBAA" box="[685,795,1004,1031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2020-01-05">05/i/2020</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFCAE15A5FC55FBAB" box="[809,953,1004,1030]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFC4015A5FAD1FB87" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622343" collectingDate="2019-10-23" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="Leg. J. Mozombite" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-3.7097223" location="Itaya River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Iquitos Island" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5695P" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="LORETO" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFC4015A5FB81FBAA" box="[967,1133,1004,1031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5695P</specimenCode>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D4F4D3BC07FF8FFBFB15A5FB01FBAB" box="[1148,1261,1004,1030]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">LORETO</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62CE42BDBC07FF8FFB7D15A4FA74FBAA" box="[1274,1432,1005,1031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Maynas prov.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFF101259FEDFFB87" box="[151,307,1040,1066]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Iquitos Island</collectingMunicipality>
in
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFEDA1258FE33FB87" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFEDA1258FE33FB87" box="[349,479,1040,1067]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-3.7097223" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Iquitos Island" name="Itaya River" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Itaya River</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFE6A1259FD6EFB87" box="[493,642,1040,1066]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="20.4" value="-3.7723334">03°46'20.4”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFD0A1259FCC2FB87" box="[653,814,1040,1066]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="17.4" value="-73.23817">73°14'17.4”W</geoCoordinate>
.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFCBC1258FBF4FB87" box="[827,1048,1040,1067]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Leg. J. Mozombite</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFBA11259FB76FB87" box="[1062,1178,1040,1066]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2019-10-23">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFBA11259FB76FB87" box="[1062,1178,1040,1066]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2019-10-23">23/x/2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFB2F1259FAD4FB87" box="[1192,1336,1040,1066]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFAC01259FDB4FBDF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622312" collectingDate="2018-02-08" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="R. Ramirez" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-3.7097223" location="Contamana" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Ucayali prov" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5708P" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="LORETO" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFAC01259FF32FBE2" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5708P</specimenCode>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D4F4D3BC07FF8FFF6A127DFEB2FBE3" box="[237,350,1076,1102]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">LORETO</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFEEB127DFDEAFBE2" box="[364,518,1076,1103]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Ucayali prov</collectingMunicipality>
.,
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFD90127DFD75FBE3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFD90127DFD75FBE3" box="[535,665,1076,1102]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-3.7097223" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Ucayali prov" name="Contamana" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Contamana</location>
, in flooded areas by
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFC15127DFBD8FBE3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFC15127DFBD8FBE3" box="[914,1076,1076,1102]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-3.7097223" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Ucayali prov" name="Ucayali River" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Ucayali River</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFBC5127DFB3BFBE2" box="[1090,1239,1076,1103]" degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="52.6" value="-7.3479447">07°20'52.6”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFB65127DFA98FBE2" box="[1250,1396,1076,1103]" degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="0" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="49.3" value="-75.013695">75°0'49.3”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFA04127CFF1AFBDF" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">R. Ramírez</collectorName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC07FF8FFE831210FED0FBDF" box="[260,316,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">et al.</emphasis>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFECD1211FE2CFBDF" box="[330,448,1112,1138]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2018-02-08">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFECD1211FE2CFBDF" box="[330,448,1112,1138]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2018-02-08">08/ii/2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFE4C1211FDB4FBDF" box="[459,600,1112,1139]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC07FF8FFF401235FD4EFB16" blockId="2.[151,1437,716,2039]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">
Mitochondrial COI sequences are deposited into GenBank under the accession numbers
<collectionCode id="ED01A2F4BC07FF8FFB0C1235FB59FB3A" box="[1163,1205,1148,1175]" country="0" name="Museum of the Earth, Polish Academy of Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MZ</collectionCode>
351334–
<collectionCode id="ED01A2F4BC07FF8FFA9E1235FAAFFB3A" box="[1305,1347,1148,1175]" country="0" name="Museum of the Earth, Polish Academy of Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MZ</collectionCode>
351346, as well as 16S rRNA,
<collectionCode id="ED01A2F4BC07FF8FFE1712E9FE57FB16" box="[400,443,1184,1211]" country="0" name="Museum of the Earth, Polish Academy of Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MZ</collectionCode>
354657–
<collectionCode id="ED01A2F4BC07FF8FFD9912E9FDA5FB16" box="[542,585,1184,1211]" country="0" name="Museum of the Earth, Polish Academy of Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MZ</collectionCode>
354662.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A69BABC07FF8FFF40128DFDF5FAAE" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC07FF8FFF40128DFDF5FAAE" blockId="2.[151,1437,716,2039]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC07FF8FFF40128DFEBEFB73" bold="true" box="[199,338,1220,1246]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Etymology:</emphasis>
This species is named after Dr. Mario Peña, a prolific Peruvian malacologist, to honor his work on marine Mollusca in northern
<collectingCountry id="F3077AA1BC07FF8FFE5912A0FDF9FAAE" box="[478,533,1257,1283]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A69BABC07FF8EFF401345FDFBFF54" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC07FF8EFF401345FDFBFF54" blockId="2.[151,1437,716,2039]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,150,1977]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC07FF8FFF401345FDD6FA8B" bold="true" box="[199,570,1292,1318]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Additional material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFDC41344FA70FAE7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622320" collectingDate="2018-06-15" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="B. Mera &amp; Y. Saavedra" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="79" latitude="-6.535139" location="San Juan de Cumbaza" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="San Martin prov" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5702" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="SAN MARTIN">
<collectingCountry id="F3077AA1BC07FF8FFDC41344FD62FA8A" box="[579,654,1293,1319]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">PERU</collectingCountry>
.
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFD1C1345FCD8FA8A" box="[667,820,1292,1319]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5702</specimenCode>
, SAN MARTIN,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFC781345FB53FA8A" box="[1023,1215,1292,1319]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">San Martin prov</collectingMunicipality>
., fish farming pond near
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFF561379FE38FAE7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFF561379FE38FAE7" box="[209,468,1328,1355]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="San Martin prov" name="San Juan de Cumbaza" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="SAN MARTIN">San Juan de Cumbaza</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFE661379FD98FAE6" box="[481,628,1328,1355]" degrees="06" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="06.5" value="-6.535139">06°32'06.5''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFDF91379FCF0FAE7" box="[638,796,1328,1354]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="14.3" value="-76.37064">76°22'14.3''W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFCDA1378FC50FAE6" box="[861,956,1329,1355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">B. Mera</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFC621378FB83FAE7" box="[997,1135,1328,1355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Y. Saavedra</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFBF91379FB16FAE6" box="[1150,1274,1328,1355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2018-06-15">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFBF91379FB16FAE6" box="[1150,1274,1328,1355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2018-06-15">15/vi/2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFA8F1379FA74FAE7" box="[1288,1432,1328,1355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFF10131DFB82FA3F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622324" collectingDate="2018-05-14" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="K. Mejia &amp; E. Aquituari" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="79" latitude="-6.535139" location="Allpahuayo-Mishana National" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Maynas prov." pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5698" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="LORETO">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFF10131DFEDDFAC2" box="[151,305,1364,1391]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5698</specimenCode>
, LORETO,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFE3C131CFDB4FAC2" box="[443,600,1365,1391]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Maynas prov.</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFDE4131DFC54FAC3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFDE4131DFC54FAC3" box="[611,952,1364,1390]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Maynas prov." name="Allpahuayo-Mishana National" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Allpahuayo-Mishana National</location>
Reserve-IIAP pond used for fish farming,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFF101331FEC6FA3E" box="[151,298,1400,1427]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="02.7" value="-3.9674168">03°58'02.7''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFEB11331FE38FA3E" box="[310,468,1400,1427]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="05.8" value="-73.418274">73°25'05.8''W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFD9D1330FD6FFA3F" box="[538,643,1400,1427]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">K. Mejia</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFD361330FCAEFA3F" box="[689,834,1400,1427]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">E. Aquituari</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFCD41331FC2BFA3F" box="[851,967,1400,1426]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2018-05-14">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFCD41331FC2BFA3F" box="[851,967,1400,1426]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2018-05-14">14/v/2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFC501331FB86FA3F" box="[983,1130,1400,1427]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFBFD1331FA70FA1B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622301" collectingDate="2011-03-18" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="A. Ampuero &amp; V. Borda" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="79" latitude="-6.535139" location="Belen Market in Iquitos" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Maynas prov." pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5623" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="LORETO">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFBFD1331FAFBFA3E" box="[1146,1303,1400,1427]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5623</specimenCode>
, LORETO,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFF1013D4FEDEFA1A" box="[151,306,1437,1463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Maynas prov.</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFEBA13D5FDA5FA1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFEBA13D5FDA5FA1B" box="[317,585,1436,1462]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Maynas prov." name="Belen Market in Iquitos" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Belen Market in Iquitos</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFDD313D5FD38FA1B" box="[596,724,1436,1462]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="15" seconds="01" value="-3.7669444">03°46'01''S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFD5813D5FC85FA1B" box="[735,873,1436,1462]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="15" seconds="48" value="-73.246666">73°14'48''W</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFCF513D5FC10FA1B" box="[882,1020,1436,1462]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">A. Ampuero</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFB9913D4FB68FA1B" box="[1054,1156,1436,1463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">V. Borda</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFB0813D5FAE7FA1B" box="[1167,1291,1436,1462]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2011-03-18">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFB0813D5FAE7FA1B" box="[1167,1291,1436,1462]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2011-03-18">18/iii/2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFA9113D5FA74FA1B" box="[1302,1432,1436,1462]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFF101389FEC4FA53" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622330" collectingDate="2017-09-19" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="R. Ramirez" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="79" latitude="-6.535139" location="Bellavista Market" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Iquitos" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5690" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="LORETO">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFF101389FEC2FA76" box="[151,302,1472,1499]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5690</specimenCode>
, LORETO,
<collectingCounty id="62CE42BDBC07FF8FFE341388FDA2FA76" box="[435,590,1473,1499]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Maynas prov.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFDDF1389FD45FA77" box="[600,681,1472,1498]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Iquitos</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFD341389FC91FA77" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFD341389FC91FA77" box="[691,893,1472,1498]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Iquitos" name="Bellavista Market" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Bellavista Market</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFC001389FC1AFA77" box="[903,1014,1472,1498]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="15" seconds="12" value="-3.7033334">3°42'12''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFC7A1389FB6AFA76" box="[1021,1158,1472,1499]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="15" seconds="54" value="-73.24833">73°14'54''W</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFB171388FAFEFA77" box="[1168,1298,1472,1499]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">R. Ramírez</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFA9B1389FA74FA77" box="[1308,1432,1472,1498]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2017-09-19">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFA9B1389FA74FA77" box="[1308,1432,1472,1498]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2017-09-19">19/ix/2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFF1013ADFEC8FA53" box="[151,292,1508,1535]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFEA813ADFE40F98F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622332" collectingDate="2019-05-12" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="R. Chujutalli" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="79" latitude="-6.535139" location="Model" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Maynas prov." pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5696" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="LORETO">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFEA813ADFE2BFA52" box="[303,455,1508,1535]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5696</specimenCode>
, LORETO,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFDC913ACFD05FA52" box="[590,745,1509,1535]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Maynas prov.</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFD7313ADFCD1FA53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFD7313ADFCD1FA53" box="[756,829,1508,1534]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Maynas prov." name="Model" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Model</location>
market,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFC2713ADFBC8FA53" box="[928,1060,1508,1534]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="26.6" value="-3.7407222">3°44'26.6''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFBAC13ADFB25FA53" box="[1067,1225,1508,1534]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="34.4" value="-73.24288">73°14'34.4''W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFA8213ACFA74FA53" box="[1285,1432,1508,1535]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">R. Chujutalli</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFF101041FEE7F98F" box="[151,267,1544,1570]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2019-05-12">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFF101041FEE7F98F" box="[151,267,1544,1570]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2019-05-12">12/v/2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFE991041FE4BF98F" box="[286,423,1544,1570]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFE3D1041FC22F9EB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622302" collectingDate="2018-04-09" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="R. Chujutalli" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="79" latitude="-6.535139" location="Nanay River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Moronillo" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5693" specimenCount="4" stateProvince="LORETO">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFE3D1041FDB5F98E" box="[442,601,1544,1571]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5693</specimenCode>
, LORETO,
<collectingCounty id="62CE42BDBC07FF8FFD681040FC7EF98E" box="[751,914,1545,1571]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Maynas prov.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFC231041FBFAF98F" box="[932,1046,1544,1570]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Moronillo</collectingMunicipality>
oxbow lake, near
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFA861040FA74F98F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFA861040FA74F98F" box="[1281,1432,1544,1571]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Moronillo" name="Nanay River" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Nanay River</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFF101065FEC6F9EA" box="[151,298,1580,1607]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="15.1" value="-3.7208612">03°43'15.1''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFEB41065FE3DF9EA" box="[307,465,1580,1607]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="55.0" value="-73.265274">73°15'55.0''W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFD971064FD49F9EB" box="[528,677,1580,1607]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">R. Chujutalli</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFD351065FCC2F9EB" box="[690,814,1580,1606]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2018-04-09">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFD351065FCC2F9EB" box="[690,814,1580,1606]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2018-04-09">09/iv/2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFCBC1065FC26F9EB" box="[827,970,1580,1606]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFC501065FB19F9C7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622326" collectingDate="2017-09-18" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="J. Mora" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="79" latitude="-6.535139" location="Nanay River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Cocha" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5694" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="LORETO">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFC501065FB9DF9EA" box="[983,1137,1580,1607]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5694</specimenCode>
, LORETO,
<collectingCounty id="62CE42BDBC07FF8FFB7C1064FA74F9EA" box="[1275,1432,1581,1607]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Maynas prov.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFF101019FF33F9C7" box="[151,223,1616,1642]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Cocha</collectingMunicipality>
in tributary of
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFE171018FDCFF9C7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFE171018FDCFF9C7" box="[400,547,1616,1643]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Cocha" name="Nanay River" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Nanay River</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFDB71019FD4CF9C7" box="[560,672,1616,1642]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="15" seconds="0" value="-3.6666667">03°40'0''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFD2E1019FCDEF9C7" box="[681,818,1616,1642]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="15" seconds="06" value="-73.284996">73°17'06''W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFCF61018FC20F9C6" box="[881,972,1617,1643]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">J. Mora</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFC5E1019FBB8F9C7" box="[985,1108,1616,1642]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2017-09-18">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFC5E1019FBB8F9C7" box="[985,1108,1616,1642]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2017-09-18">18/ix/2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFBE51019FB1DF9C7" box="[1122,1265,1616,1642]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFB781019FE75F91F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622310" collectingDate="2019-05-12" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="J. Pacayo &amp; R. Chujutalli" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="79" latitude="-6.535139" location="Ushpa Cano" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Maynas prov." pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5697" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="LORETO">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFB781019FA74F9C6" box="[1279,1432,1616,1643]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5697</specimenCode>
, LORETO,
<collectingCounty id="62CE42BDBC07FF8FFE95103CFE40F922" box="[274,428,1653,1679]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Maynas prov.</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFE32103DFDD1F923" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFE32103DFDD1F923" box="[437,573,1652,1678]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Maynas prov." name="Ushpa Cano" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Ushpa Caño</location>
near
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFDFE103CFD1AF923" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFDFE103CFD1AF923" box="[633,758,1652,1679]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Maynas prov." name="Itaya River" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Itaya River</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFC87103DFC7EF923" box="[768,914,1652,1678]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="34.16" value="-3.7761555">3°46'34.16''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFC1F103DFBA8F923" box="[920,1092,1652,1678]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="12.22" value="-73.236725">73°14'12.22''W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFBFA103CFB09F922" box="[1149,1253,1653,1679]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">J. Pacayo</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFA81103CFA74F923" box="[1286,1432,1652,1679]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">R. Chujutalli</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFF1010D1FEE7F91F" box="[151,267,1688,1714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2019-05-12">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFF1010D1FEE7F91F" box="[151,267,1688,1714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2019-05-12">12/v/2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFE9210D1FE79F91F" box="[277,405,1688,1714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFE1910D1FB16F97B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622305" collectingDate="2019-04-21" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="J. Sucumbio &amp; R. Chujutalli" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="79" latitude="-6.535139" location="Huallaga River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Amazonas prov." pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5701" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="LORETO">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFE1910D1FDD8F91E" box="[414,564,1688,1715]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5701</specimenCode>
, LORETO, Alto
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFD6D10D1FC4DF91E" box="[746,929,1688,1715]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Amazonas prov.</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFC2E10D0FBDDF91E" box="[937,1073,1689,1715]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Pampa Poza</collectingMunicipality>
near
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFBEC10D1FAF9F91F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFBEC10D1FAF9F91F" box="[1131,1301,1688,1714]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Amazonas prov." name="Huallaga River" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Huallaga River</location>
,
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFA9910D1FA70F91F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFA9910D1FA70F91F" box="[1310,1436,1688,1714]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Amazonas prov." name="El Naranjal" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">El Naranjal</location>
community,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFEA510F5FE5AF97A" box="[290,438,1724,1751]" degrees="5" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="29.58" value="-5.2248836">5°13'29.58''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFE3B10F5FD84F97A" box="[444,616,1724,1751]" degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="21.58" value="-75.67266">75°40'21.58''W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFD2410F4FCC1F97B" box="[675,813,1724,1751]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">J. Sucumbio</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFCD710F4FC0FF97B" box="[848,995,1724,1751]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">R. Chujutalli</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFC6A10F5FB85F97B" box="[1005,1129,1724,1750]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2019-04-21">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFC6A10F5FB85F97B" box="[1005,1129,1724,1750]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2019-04-21">21/iv/2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFBF310F5FB1AF97B" box="[1140,1270,1724,1750]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFA8610F5FE9DF8B3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622314" collectingDate="2019-09-04" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="E. Andi &amp; R. Chujutalli" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="79" latitude="-6.535139" location="Santa Victoria Community" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Maynas prov." pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5704" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="LORETO">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFA8610F5FA74F97A" box="[1281,1432,1724,1751]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5704</specimenCode>
, LORETO,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFE9010A8FE5AF956" box="[279,438,1761,1787]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Maynas prov.</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFE4310A9FD15F957" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFE4310A9FD15F957" box="[452,761,1760,1786]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Maynas prov." name="Santa Victoria Community" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Santa Victoria Community</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFC8010A9FC93F956" box="[775,895,1760,1787]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="1.1" value="-3.583639">3°35'1.1''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFC0E10A9FBE6F957" box="[905,1034,1760,1786]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="7" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="4.3" value="-73.11787">73°7'4.3''W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFBC910A8FB4BF957" box="[1102,1191,1760,1787]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">E. Andi</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFB5510A8FA86F957" box="[1234,1386,1760,1787]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">R. Chujutalli</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFAFF10A9FF3FF8B3" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2019-09-04">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFAFF10A9FF3FF8B3" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2019-09-04">04/ ix/19</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFF58114DFE81F8B3" box="[223,365,1796,1822]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFEFE114DFCDFF8EF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622317" collectingDate="2018-04-28" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="R. Chujutalli" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="79" latitude="-6.535139" location="River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Yanayacu Ravine" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5705" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="LORETO">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFEFE114DFDFDF8B2" box="[377,529,1796,1823]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5705</specimenCode>
, LORETO,
<collectingCounty id="62CE42BDBC07FF8FFD1E114CFCD8F8B2" box="[665,820,1797,1823]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Maynas prov.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFCB8114CFBEEF8B3" box="[831,1026,1796,1823]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Yanayacu Ravine</collectingMunicipality>
near Amazonas
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFB39114DFB12F8B3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFB39114DFB12F8B3" box="[1214,1278,1796,1822]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Yanayacu Ravine" name="River" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">River</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFA8E114DFA70F8B3" box="[1289,1436,1796,1822]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="36.46" value="-3.5601277">3°33'36.46''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFF101161FED9F8EE" box="[151,309,1832,1859]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="3" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="42.59" value="-73.06184">73°3'42.59''W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFEF31160FDE6F8EF" box="[372,522,1832,1859]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">R. Chujutalli</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFD901161FD7FF8EF" box="[535,659,1832,1858]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2018-04-28">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFD901161FD7FF8EF" box="[535,659,1832,1858]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2018-04-28">28/iv/2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFD271161FCC3F8EF" box="[672,815,1832,1859]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFCBB1161FD94F827" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622327" collectingDate="2019-06-20" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="O. Noriega &amp; R. Chujutalli" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="79" latitude="-6.535139" location="Los Invencibles" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Choro Chico" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5706" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="LORETO">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFCBB1161FC3AF8EE" box="[828,982,1832,1859]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5706</specimenCode>
, LORETO,
<collectingCounty id="62CE42BDBC07FF8FFBE61160FB12F8EE" box="[1121,1278,1833,1859]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Maynas prov.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFA8D1161FA70F8EF" box="[1290,1436,1832,1858]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Choro Chico</collectingMunicipality>
oxbow lake near
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFEDE1104FDE0F8CB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFEDE1104FDE0F8CB" box="[345,524,1868,1895]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Choro Chico" name="Los Invencibles" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Los Invencibles</location>
rural village, mouth of
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFC9D1104FC72F8CB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFC9D1104FC72F8CB" box="[794,926,1868,1895]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Choro Chico" name="Napo River" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Napo River</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFC2D1105FBD1F8CA" box="[938,1085,1868,1895]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="15.71" value="-3.4376972">3°26'15.71''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFBC31105FB0EF8CB" box="[1092,1250,1868,1894]" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="7.12" value="-72.70197">72°42'7.12''W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFA981105FA70F8CB" box="[1311,1436,1868,1894]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">O. Noriega</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFF311138FEA1F827" box="[182,333,1904,1931]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">R. Chujutalli</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFEDD1139FE3AF827" box="[346,470,1904,1930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2019-06-20">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFEDD1139FE3AF827" box="[346,470,1904,1930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2019-06-20">20/vi/2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFE631139FD9FF827" box="[484,627,1904,1930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFD061139FB9BF803" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622308" collectingDate="2019-07-05" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="R. Chujutalli" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="79" latitude="-6.535139" location="Carachama" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Requena prov." pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5707" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="LORETO">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFD061139FCF7F826" box="[641,795,1904,1931]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5707</specimenCode>
, LORETO,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFC201138FBA2F826" box="[935,1102,1905,1931]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Requena prov.</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFBDB1139FB36F827" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFBDB1139FB36F827" box="[1116,1242,1904,1930]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Requena prov." name="Carachama" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="LORETO">Carachama</location>
community near Ucayali River,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFEB911DDFE3DF802" box="[318,465,1940,1967]" degrees="5" direction="south" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="26.52" value="-5.7407002">5°44'26.52''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFE5011DDFD6FF803" box="[471,643,1940,1966]" degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="17.27" value="-74.5548">74°33'17.27''W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFD3B11DCFCA3F803" box="[700,847,1940,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">R. Chujutalli</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFCDF11DDFC31F802" box="[856,989,1940,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2019-07-05">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFCDF11DDFC31F802" box="[856,989,1940,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2019-07-05">05/vii/2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFC6111DDFB9EF803" box="[998,1138,1940,1967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8FFBFA11DDFDE4F85B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622341" collectingDate="2018-02-17" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="L. Cirano" country="Peru" county="Coronel Portillo prov." lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="79" latitude="-6.535139" location="Yarinillal Cocha" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Chanajao village" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5710" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="UCAYALI">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFBFA11DDFAFFF802" box="[1149,1299,1940,1967]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5710</specimenCode>
, UCAYALI,
<collectingCounty id="62CE42BDBC07FF8FFF1011F1FE78F87E" box="[151,404,1976,2003]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Coronel Portillo prov.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFE2511F1FD8DF87F" box="[418,609,1976,2002]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Chanajao village</collectingMunicipality>
in
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFD0E11F1FCA9F87F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFD0E11F1FCA9F87F" box="[649,837,1976,2002]" country="Peru" county="Coronel Portillo prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Chanajao village" name="Yarinillal Cocha" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="UCAYALI">Yarinillal Cocha</location>
, near,
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFC1411F1FBDFF87F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFC1411F1FBDFF87F" box="[915,1075,1976,2002]" country="Peru" county="Coronel Portillo prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Chanajao village" name="Ucayali River" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="UCAYALI">Ucayali River</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFBC611F1FB5DF87F" box="[1089,1201,1976,2002]" degrees="8" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="15" seconds="43" value="-8.511945">8°30'43''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC07FF8FFB3C11F1FAA8F87F" box="[1211,1348,1976,2002]" degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" precision="15" seconds="20" value="-74.43889">74°26'20''W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC07FF8FFA0311F0FF0AF85B" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">L. Cirano</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC07FF8FFF741195FE84F85B" box="[243,360,2012,2038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2018-02-17">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC07FF8FFF741195FE84F85B" box="[243,360,2012,2038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" value="2018-02-17">17/ii/2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC07FF8FFEF21195FDEFF85B" box="[373,515,2012,2039]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC07FF8EFD971195FB99FF1C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622322" collectingDate="2017-12-23" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="R. Ramirez &amp; C. Ihuaraqui" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="79" latitude="-6.535139" location="Inkaterra" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Tambopata prov." pageId="2" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5712" specimenCount="6" stateProvince="MADRE DE DIOS">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC07FF8FFD971195FD45F85A" box="[528,681,2012,2039]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">MUSM 5712</specimenCode>
, MADRE DE DIOS,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC07FF8FFC271195FB8CF85A" box="[928,1120,2012,2039]" pageId="2" pageNumber="78">Tambopata prov.</collectingMunicipality>
, ITA
<location id="8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFB181195FAE8F85B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC07FF8FFB181195FAE8F85B" box="[1183,1284,2012,2038]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Tambopata prov." name="Inkaterra" pageId="2" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="MADRE DE DIOS">Inkaterra</location>
in &quot;El Tubo&quot; trail,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC06FF8EFF5216DFFE84FF1C" box="[213,360,150,177]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" precision="1" seconds="58.2" value="-12.532833">12°31'58.2''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC06FF8EFEF516DEFDFCFF1C" box="[370,528,151,177]" degrees="69" direction="west" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" precision="1" seconds="01.3" value="-69.05036">69°03'01.3''W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC06FF8EFDD616DEFD3AFF1C" box="[593,726,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">R. Ramírez</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC06FF8EFD6316DEFC9AFF1C" box="[740,886,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">C. Ihuaraqui</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC06FF8EFC0316DEFBEBFF1C" box="[900,1031,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" value="2017-12-23">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC06FF8EFC0316DEFBEBFF1C" box="[900,1031,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" value="2017-12-23">23/xii/2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC06FF8EFB9116DEFBC8FF1C" box="[1046,1060,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">6</specimenCount>
shells;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC06FF8EFBF816DEFDFBFF54" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622340" collectingDate="2019-10-23" collectionCode="MUSM" collectorName="J. Lomas &amp; J. Icomena" country="Peru" county="Mullaca" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="79" latitude="-6.535139" location="Maranon River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Loreto prov" pageId="3" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="MUSM 5700" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="LORETO">
<specimenCode id="DBB6924ABC06FF8EFBF816DEFAF5FF1C" box="[1151,1305,150,177]" collectionCode="MUSM" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">MUSM 5700</specimenCode>
, LORETO,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC06FF8EFF1016F2FECAFF78" box="[151,294,187,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Loreto prov</collectingMunicipality>
.,
<collectingCounty id="62CE42BDBC06FF8EFEBD16F2FE7AFF78" box="[314,406,187,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Mullaca</collectingCounty>
oxbow lake,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC06FF8EFDBB16F2FD6EFF78" box="[572,642,187,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Nauta</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8ECF6CEABC06FF8EFD1516F2FCAFFF78" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC06FF8EFD1516F2FCAFFF78" box="[658,835,187,213]" country="Peru" county="Mullaca" latitude="-6.535139" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.37064" municipality="Loreto prov" name="Maranon River" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" stateProvince="LORETO">Marañon River</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC06FF8EFCD416F3FC18FF78" box="[851,1012,186,213]" degrees="04" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" precision="1" seconds="10.93" value="-4.5863695">04°35'10.93''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC06FF8EFB8716F2FB40FF78" box="[1024,1196,187,213]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" precision="1" seconds="32.24" value="-73.608955">73°36'32.24''W</geoCoordinate>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC06FF8EFB7516F2FAB0FF78" box="[1266,1372,187,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">J. Lomas</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC06FF8EFA0D16F2FF16FF54" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">J. Icomena</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFAE1CF1BC06FF8EFE811696FE96FF54" box="[262,378,223,249]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" value="2019-10-23">
<collectingDate id="EFEAE519BC06FF8EFE811696FE96FF54" box="[262,378,223,249]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" value="2019-10-23">23/x/2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC06FF8EFE021696FDFEFF54" box="[389,530,223,249]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A69BABC06FF8EFF40174AFD55FEEC" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC06FF8EFF40174AFD55FEEC" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">
<materialsCitation id="3B78306CBC06FF8EFF40174AFD55FEEC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4066622323" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-3.7097223" location="Nanay River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Iquitos" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="LORETO" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC06FF8EFF40174AFE06FEB1" bold="true" box="[199,490,258,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">
Type locality (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFEFE174BFE37FEB1" box="[377,475,258,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[244,1343,181,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[244,1343,181,1829]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type localities of Pomacea penai sp. nov. and Pomacea reevei sp. nov. Flooding area of Nanay River, Nueva Bellavista—Nanay in Loreto department, during (A) wet and (B) dry season. (C) Map showing collection sites in Iquitos city, that includes type locality (asterisk), Bellavista Market (circle), Moronillo (triangle), and Isla Iquitos (square); collection sites included areas near and within populated areas, surrounded by flood zones and wetlands. (D) Kichwa Cocha, near Rango Isla populated center, Maynas province, Loreto department." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773168" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773168/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3077AA1BC06FF8EFE71174AFDADFEB0" box="[502,577,259,285]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">PERU</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49D4F4D3BC06FF8EFDD6174AFD2EFEB0" box="[593,706,259,285]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">LORETO</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62CE42BDBC06FF8EFD55174AFC9FFEB0" box="[722,883,259,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Maynas prov.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBA04BBC06FF8EFC04174AFC38FEB0" box="[899,980,259,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Iquitos</collectingMunicipality>
, flooding area of
<location id="8ECF6CEABC06FF8EFB2A174AFAAFFEB0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC06FF8EFB2A174AFAAFFEB0" box="[1197,1347,259,285]" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-3.7097223" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Iquitos" name="Nanay River" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" stateProvince="LORETO">Nanay River</location>
,
<location id="8ECF6CEABC06FF8EFAD4174AFEB5FEEC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B98B27BC07FF84FF101457FD75FE00:8ECF6CEABC06FF8EFAD4174AFEB5FEEC" country="Peru" county="Maynas prov." latitude="-3.7097223" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.248665" municipality="Iquitos" name="Nueva Bellavista-Nanay" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" stateProvince="LORETO">Nueva Bellavista-Nanay</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC06FF8EFEEE176FFE13FEEC" box="[361,511,294,321]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" precision="1" seconds="35.0" value="-3.7097223">03°42'35.0''S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE245CF6BC06FF8EFD8C176FFD41FEEC" box="[523,685,294,321]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" precision="1" seconds="55.2" value="-73.248665">73°14'55.2''W</geoCoordinate>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A69BABC06FF8EFF401703FDACFD04" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC06FF8EFF401703FDE6FE24" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC06FF8EFF401703FEA8FEC9" bold="true" box="[199,324,330,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Prostate broad proximally. Basal penis gland elongated, in dorsal sheath surface, covers medial and basal regions of the penis sheath.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC06FF8EFF4017DBFDACFD04" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC06FF8EFF4017DBFE81FE01" bold="true" box="[199,365,402,428]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">
Shell (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFE9317DBFEB1FE01" box="[276,349,402,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,181,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[188,1399,181,1889]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Frontal and dorsal views of Pomacea penai shells. (A) MUSM 5692H (h=77.76 mm); (B) MUSM 5692P (h=70.32 mm); (C) MUSM 5709P (h=70.98 mm); (D) MUSM 5702M (h=66.50 mm); (E) MUSM 5624P (h=93.42 mm); (F) MUSM 5704M (h=109.02 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773172" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773172/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Shell globose, medium to large (
<quantity id="4CE897D4BC06FF8EFD6A17DAFC97FE00" box="[749,891,403,429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="90.0" valueMax="110.0" valueMin="70.0">70–110 mm</quantity>
), solid, varied from depressed to elevated body whorls, this latter more noticeable in smaller individuals. Suture channel slightly pronounced. Sculpture marked by fine growth lines, often alternated by growth arrests, and with malleations in some specimens. Elliptical to ovate aperture, inner lip and columella ochre to orange, with interior ochre iridescent. Periostracum greenish brown to dark brown, with light brown spiral bands. Umbilicus wide and deep. Measurements in mm.
<typeStatus id="54AB8493BC06FF8EFB52146AFAACFD90" box="[1237,1344,547,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, height: 77.76, width: 63.68, aperture height: 58.14, aperture width: 43.32. N=182, (average±standard deviation, minimum– maximum) height: 73.9±17.4, 43.6–114.4; width: 62.1±15.8, 35.0–98.4; aperture height: 53.7±12.6, 33.5–83.0, aperture width: 37.9±10.1, 21.9–61.7.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A69BABC06FF85FF4014FBFE6CFC64" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="3" pageNumber="79" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC06FF8EFF4014FBFD5BFCB8" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC06FF8EFF4014FBFDFEFD61" bold="true" box="[199,530,690,716]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">
Operculum (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFEE414FBFDEFFD61" box="[355,515,690,716]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1362,1386]" captionTargetBox="[173,1410,387,1300]" captionTargetId="figure-94@6.[151,1436,345,1339]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Outer and inner views of Pomacea spp. nov. opercula: Pomacea penai: (A) holotype MUSM 5692H and (B) paratype MUSM 5692P; Pomacea reevei: (C) holotype MUSM 5723H and (D) paratype MUSM 5723P. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773176/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Figs. 4A, 4B</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Operculum horny and reniform, covering entire opening. Outer surface with concentric growth lines left to marginal central area. Smooth inner surface, insertion mark elliptical, close to central left margin; occupying ~3/5 of the inner surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC06FF8EFF401556FAABFC64" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC06FF8EFF401556FDBEFC95" bold="true" box="[199,594,798,825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">
External anatomy (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFE2A1557FDFDFC95" box="[429,529,798,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,2016,2040]" captionTargetBox="[199,1401,1496,1956]" captionTargetId="figure-137@6.[151,1436,1447,1993]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Living specimens of (A) Pomacea penai MUSM 5713P and (B) Pomacea reevei MUSM 5723P.Scale bars = 20 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773180" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773180/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Figs. 5A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFD991557FDAFFC95" box="[542,579,798,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[154,1416,382,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-92@11.[151,1436,345,1611]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Anatomy of female Pomacea penai: (A) ventral view of female pallial cavity roof, pericardic cavity opened, pallial oviduct turned aside and schematic view showing internal structures; (B) frontal view of head–foot; (C) osphradium morphology detailed; (D) outline of kidney morphology; (E) lateral right view of foregut; (F) stomach dorsally opened. Abbreviations: agl, albumen gland; ak, anterior kidney; am, ampulla; an, anus; au, auricle; bc, copulatory bursa; cgl, capsule gland; ce, cephalic tentacle; dd, digestive gland ducts; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; ey, eye; fo, female opening; gv, wall of gastric ventral chamber; gm, gastric muscle; ic, intestinal caecum; ig, intestinal groove; in, intestine; la, labial palp; lnl, left nuchal lobe; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; mo, mouth; om, ommatophore; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pa, parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex; pgf, pedal glandular furrow; pk, posterior kidney; pn, pneumostome; rcs, seminal receptacle; rct, rectum; rnl, right nuchal lobe; rs, radular sac; sa, sorting area; sg, salivary gland; sn, snout; so, sole; sp, stomach pouch; st, septum; t1, major typhlosole; t2, minor typhlosole; t1f, major typhlosole fold; t2f, minor typhlosole fold; ug, urinary gutter; ve, ventricle; vp, vestigial penis sheath; v, vagina. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773188/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">8B</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Dark to light grey foot and sole, some specimens with beige sole. Cephalic tentacles elongated; ommatophores with wide base ~1/6 length of tentacles, short with dark eyes. Snout broad, with pair of lateral labial palps, with half of length of cephalic tentacles. Right lobe wide and short, left lobe about 4 times longer than previous one, with margins folded dorsally (siphon). Foot dorsoventrally flattened. Glandular furrow, with fine edges, occupying ~3/5 of anterior pedal margin. Columellar muscle covering ~1/4 of body whorl.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC06FF8EFF40159AFA94FB68" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC06FF8EFF40159AFDAFFC41" bold="true" box="[199,579,978,1005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">
Mantle cavity (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFEF2159BFE3AFC41" box="[373,470,978,1004]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1670,1694]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-194@7.[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Visceral mass showing pallial cavity roof, and foregut in lateral view of (A, C) Pomacea penai and (B, D) Pomacea reevei. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; ct, ctenidium; dg, digestive gland; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; in, intestine; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; os, osphradium; po, pallial oviduct; pk, posterior kidney; rct, rectum; rs, radular sac; sg, salivary gland; st, septum; ve, ventricle; v, vagina. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773182/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Figs. 6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFE66159BFDD8FC41" box="[481,564,978,1004]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[154,1416,382,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-92@11.[151,1436,345,1611]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Anatomy of female Pomacea penai: (A) ventral view of female pallial cavity roof, pericardic cavity opened, pallial oviduct turned aside and schematic view showing internal structures; (B) frontal view of head–foot; (C) osphradium morphology detailed; (D) outline of kidney morphology; (E) lateral right view of foregut; (F) stomach dorsally opened. Abbreviations: agl, albumen gland; ak, anterior kidney; am, ampulla; an, anus; au, auricle; bc, copulatory bursa; cgl, capsule gland; ce, cephalic tentacle; dd, digestive gland ducts; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; ey, eye; fo, female opening; gv, wall of gastric ventral chamber; gm, gastric muscle; ic, intestinal caecum; ig, intestinal groove; in, intestine; la, labial palp; lnl, left nuchal lobe; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; mo, mouth; om, ommatophore; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pa, parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex; pgf, pedal glandular furrow; pk, posterior kidney; pn, pneumostome; rcs, seminal receptacle; rct, rectum; rnl, right nuchal lobe; rs, radular sac; sa, sorting area; sg, salivary gland; sn, snout; so, sole; sp, stomach pouch; st, septum; t1, major typhlosole; t2, minor typhlosole; t1f, major typhlosole fold; t2f, minor typhlosole fold; ug, urinary gutter; ve, ventricle; vp, vestigial penis sheath; v, vagina. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773188/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">8A, 8C</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Mantle (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFD24159AFCE9FC40" box="[675,773,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1670,1694]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-194@7.[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Visceral mass showing pallial cavity roof, and foregut in lateral view of (A, C) Pomacea penai and (B, D) Pomacea reevei. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; ct, ctenidium; dg, digestive gland; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; in, intestine; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; os, osphradium; po, pallial oviduct; pk, posterior kidney; rct, rectum; rs, radular sac; sg, salivary gland; st, septum; ve, ventricle; v, vagina. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773182/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Figs. 6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFC89159AFCDDFC40" box="[782,817,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[154,1416,382,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-92@11.[151,1436,345,1611]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Anatomy of female Pomacea penai: (A) ventral view of female pallial cavity roof, pericardic cavity opened, pallial oviduct turned aside and schematic view showing internal structures; (B) frontal view of head–foot; (C) osphradium morphology detailed; (D) outline of kidney morphology; (E) lateral right view of foregut; (F) stomach dorsally opened. Abbreviations: agl, albumen gland; ak, anterior kidney; am, ampulla; an, anus; au, auricle; bc, copulatory bursa; cgl, capsule gland; ce, cephalic tentacle; dd, digestive gland ducts; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; ey, eye; fo, female opening; gv, wall of gastric ventral chamber; gm, gastric muscle; ic, intestinal caecum; ig, intestinal groove; in, intestine; la, labial palp; lnl, left nuchal lobe; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; mo, mouth; om, ommatophore; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pa, parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex; pgf, pedal glandular furrow; pk, posterior kidney; pn, pneumostome; rcs, seminal receptacle; rct, rectum; rnl, right nuchal lobe; rs, radular sac; sa, sorting area; sg, salivary gland; sn, snout; so, sole; sp, stomach pouch; st, septum; t1, major typhlosole; t2, minor typhlosole; t1f, major typhlosole fold; t2f, minor typhlosole fold; ug, urinary gutter; ve, ventricle; vp, vestigial penis sheath; v, vagina. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773188/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">8A</figureCitation>
) border thick with undulations.Mantle cavity occupying almost half of body whorl. Osphradium (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFDD915BEFD5EFBBC" box="[606,690,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[154,1416,382,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-92@11.[151,1436,345,1611]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Anatomy of female Pomacea penai: (A) ventral view of female pallial cavity roof, pericardic cavity opened, pallial oviduct turned aside and schematic view showing internal structures; (B) frontal view of head–foot; (C) osphradium morphology detailed; (D) outline of kidney morphology; (E) lateral right view of foregut; (F) stomach dorsally opened. Abbreviations: agl, albumen gland; ak, anterior kidney; am, ampulla; an, anus; au, auricle; bc, copulatory bursa; cgl, capsule gland; ce, cephalic tentacle; dd, digestive gland ducts; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; ey, eye; fo, female opening; gv, wall of gastric ventral chamber; gm, gastric muscle; ic, intestinal caecum; ig, intestinal groove; in, intestine; la, labial palp; lnl, left nuchal lobe; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; mo, mouth; om, ommatophore; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pa, parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex; pgf, pedal glandular furrow; pk, posterior kidney; pn, pneumostome; rcs, seminal receptacle; rct, rectum; rnl, right nuchal lobe; rs, radular sac; sa, sorting area; sg, salivary gland; sn, snout; so, sole; sp, stomach pouch; st, septum; t1, major typhlosole; t2, minor typhlosole; t1f, major typhlosole fold; t2f, minor typhlosole fold; ug, urinary gutter; ve, ventricle; vp, vestigial penis sheath; v, vagina. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773188/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
) elongated and laterally compressed, base broad and elevated at its proximal region. Lung sac long and wide, occupying ~1/3 of mantle cavity, with muscular walls, and internal walls highly vascularized. Ctenidial vein between gill and lung sac, thickening near pericardial region. Ctenidial filaments triangular, distal region slightly curved to left. Rectum lateral to ctenidium. Anterior kidney on posterior region of mantle cavity. Gonoduct parallel to rectum, under urinary gutter. Right margin of mantle cavity in males occupied by penis sheath (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFED412E2FE74FB68" box="[339,408,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,765,789]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,181,741]" captionTargetId="figure-19@12.[155,1432,181,741]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Male reproductive system of Pomacea penai: penis sheath externally deflected of (A) fresh MUSM 5700M and (B) fixed specimen MUSM 5692H, and (C) mantle deflected showing prostate and seminal vesicle (marked with dashed lines). Abbreviations: an, anus; asg, apical sheath gland; bsg, basal sheath gland; ct, ctenidium; os, osphradium; pb, penis bulb; pe, penis; pp, penis pouch; prs, prostate; ug, urinary gutter; vs, seminal vesicle. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773194/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). In females, a bulging portion located on right margin, corresponding to pallial oviduct.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC06FF8EFF401287FC25FA48" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC06FF8EFF401287FC84FB45" bold="true" box="[199,872,1230,1257]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">
Circulatory and excretory systems (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFD041287FD00FB45" box="[643,748,1230,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1670,1694]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-194@7.[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Visceral mass showing pallial cavity roof, and foregut in lateral view of (A, C) Pomacea penai and (B, D) Pomacea reevei. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; ct, ctenidium; dg, digestive gland; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; in, intestine; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; os, osphradium; po, pallial oviduct; pk, posterior kidney; rct, rectum; rs, radular sac; sg, salivary gland; st, septum; ve, ventricle; v, vagina. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773182/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Figs. 6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFD791287FCB5FB45" box="[766,857,1230,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[154,1416,382,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-92@11.[151,1436,345,1611]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Anatomy of female Pomacea penai: (A) ventral view of female pallial cavity roof, pericardic cavity opened, pallial oviduct turned aside and schematic view showing internal structures; (B) frontal view of head–foot; (C) osphradium morphology detailed; (D) outline of kidney morphology; (E) lateral right view of foregut; (F) stomach dorsally opened. Abbreviations: agl, albumen gland; ak, anterior kidney; am, ampulla; an, anus; au, auricle; bc, copulatory bursa; cgl, capsule gland; ce, cephalic tentacle; dd, digestive gland ducts; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; ey, eye; fo, female opening; gv, wall of gastric ventral chamber; gm, gastric muscle; ic, intestinal caecum; ig, intestinal groove; in, intestine; la, labial palp; lnl, left nuchal lobe; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; mo, mouth; om, ommatophore; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pa, parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex; pgf, pedal glandular furrow; pk, posterior kidney; pn, pneumostome; rcs, seminal receptacle; rct, rectum; rnl, right nuchal lobe; rs, radular sac; sa, sorting area; sg, salivary gland; sn, snout; so, sole; sp, stomach pouch; st, septum; t1, major typhlosole; t2, minor typhlosole; t1f, major typhlosole fold; t2f, minor typhlosole fold; ug, urinary gutter; ve, ventricle; vp, vestigial penis sheath; v, vagina. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773188/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">8A, 8D</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Ctenidial vein, short with thin walls (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFAB61286FA63FB44" box="[1329,1423,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[154,1416,382,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-92@11.[151,1436,345,1611]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Anatomy of female Pomacea penai: (A) ventral view of female pallial cavity roof, pericardic cavity opened, pallial oviduct turned aside and schematic view showing internal structures; (B) frontal view of head–foot; (C) osphradium morphology detailed; (D) outline of kidney morphology; (E) lateral right view of foregut; (F) stomach dorsally opened. Abbreviations: agl, albumen gland; ak, anterior kidney; am, ampulla; an, anus; au, auricle; bc, copulatory bursa; cgl, capsule gland; ce, cephalic tentacle; dd, digestive gland ducts; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; ey, eye; fo, female opening; gv, wall of gastric ventral chamber; gm, gastric muscle; ic, intestinal caecum; ig, intestinal groove; in, intestine; la, labial palp; lnl, left nuchal lobe; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; mo, mouth; om, ommatophore; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pa, parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex; pgf, pedal glandular furrow; pk, posterior kidney; pn, pneumostome; rcs, seminal receptacle; rct, rectum; rnl, right nuchal lobe; rs, radular sac; sa, sorting area; sg, salivary gland; sn, snout; so, sole; sp, stomach pouch; st, septum; t1, major typhlosole; t2, minor typhlosole; t1f, major typhlosole fold; t2f, minor typhlosole fold; ug, urinary gutter; ve, ventricle; vp, vestigial penis sheath; v, vagina. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773188/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
). Pericardium cavity small. Auricle short and slender. Ventricle triangular with wall thicker than the auricle. These two with a dull orange coloration and connected by a short vessel. Bulbous aorta emerging from posterior ventricular region, bifurcating to the posterior and anterior aorta. Anterior aorta broad, connecting to the light-yellow ampulla. Esophageal artery originating from ampulla, close to anterior aorta. Dark brown posterior kidney (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFB5B1316FAD8FAD4" box="[1244,1332,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[154,1416,382,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-92@11.[151,1436,345,1611]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Anatomy of female Pomacea penai: (A) ventral view of female pallial cavity roof, pericardic cavity opened, pallial oviduct turned aside and schematic view showing internal structures; (B) frontal view of head–foot; (C) osphradium morphology detailed; (D) outline of kidney morphology; (E) lateral right view of foregut; (F) stomach dorsally opened. Abbreviations: agl, albumen gland; ak, anterior kidney; am, ampulla; an, anus; au, auricle; bc, copulatory bursa; cgl, capsule gland; ce, cephalic tentacle; dd, digestive gland ducts; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; ey, eye; fo, female opening; gv, wall of gastric ventral chamber; gm, gastric muscle; ic, intestinal caecum; ig, intestinal groove; in, intestine; la, labial palp; lnl, left nuchal lobe; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; mo, mouth; om, ommatophore; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pa, parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex; pgf, pedal glandular furrow; pk, posterior kidney; pn, pneumostome; rcs, seminal receptacle; rct, rectum; rnl, right nuchal lobe; rs, radular sac; sa, sorting area; sg, salivary gland; sn, snout; so, sole; sp, stomach pouch; st, septum; t1, major typhlosole; t2, minor typhlosole; t1f, major typhlosole fold; t2f, minor typhlosole fold; ug, urinary gutter; ve, ventricle; vp, vestigial penis sheath; v, vagina. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773188/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
), slightly concave and highly vascularized, with acute curvature and narrow and blunt anterior region. Anterior kidney beige colored, broad and triangular, connected to posterior kidney by duct located in left of latter. Two sets of lamellae inside anterior kidney. Nephropore in posterior region of anterior kidney.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC06FF8BFF4013A7FE10FEEC" blockId="3.[151,1437,150,1977]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,321]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC06FF8EFF4013A7FCEDF9A5" bold="true" box="[199,769,1518,1545]" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">
Digestive system (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFE1B13A7FDEDF9A5" box="[412,513,1518,1544]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1670,1694]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-194@7.[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Visceral mass showing pallial cavity roof, and foregut in lateral view of (A, C) Pomacea penai and (B, D) Pomacea reevei. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; ct, ctenidium; dg, digestive gland; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; in, intestine; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; os, osphradium; po, pallial oviduct; pk, posterior kidney; rct, rectum; rs, radular sac; sg, salivary gland; st, septum; ve, ventricle; v, vagina. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773182/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Figs. 6C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFD8913A7FD8EF9A4" box="[526,610,1518,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[223,1364,1275,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-488@10.[223,1364,1275,1901]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Radulae of (A) Pomacea penai MUSM 5692P, and Pomacea reevei (B) MUSM 5715P, (C) MUSM 5627P in SEM. Drawings of the radular row of P. penai (D) and P. reevei (E). Abbreviations: R: rachidian tooth; L, lateral tooth; M1, inner marginal tooth; M2, outer marginal tooth. Scale bars = 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773186" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773186/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">7A, 7D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFDE813A7FD1EF9A5" box="[623,754,1518,1544]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[154,1416,382,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-92@11.[151,1436,345,1611]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Anatomy of female Pomacea penai: (A) ventral view of female pallial cavity roof, pericardic cavity opened, pallial oviduct turned aside and schematic view showing internal structures; (B) frontal view of head–foot; (C) osphradium morphology detailed; (D) outline of kidney morphology; (E) lateral right view of foregut; (F) stomach dorsally opened. Abbreviations: agl, albumen gland; ak, anterior kidney; am, ampulla; an, anus; au, auricle; bc, copulatory bursa; cgl, capsule gland; ce, cephalic tentacle; dd, digestive gland ducts; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; ey, eye; fo, female opening; gv, wall of gastric ventral chamber; gm, gastric muscle; ic, intestinal caecum; ig, intestinal groove; in, intestine; la, labial palp; lnl, left nuchal lobe; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; mo, mouth; om, ommatophore; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pa, parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex; pgf, pedal glandular furrow; pk, posterior kidney; pn, pneumostome; rcs, seminal receptacle; rct, rectum; rnl, right nuchal lobe; rs, radular sac; sa, sorting area; sg, salivary gland; sn, snout; so, sole; sp, stomach pouch; st, septum; t1, major typhlosole; t2, minor typhlosole; t1f, major typhlosole fold; t2f, minor typhlosole fold; ug, urinary gutter; ve, ventricle; vp, vestigial penis sheath; v, vagina. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773188/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">8A, 8E, 8F</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Buccal bulb pyriform with red musculature (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFB7913A6FA8CF9A4" box="[1278,1376,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1670,1694]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-194@7.[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Visceral mass showing pallial cavity roof, and foregut in lateral view of (A, C) Pomacea penai and (B, D) Pomacea reevei. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; ct, ctenidium; dg, digestive gland; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; in, intestine; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; os, osphradium; po, pallial oviduct; pk, posterior kidney; rct, rectum; rs, radular sac; sg, salivary gland; st, septum; ve, ventricle; v, vagina. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773182/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Figs. 6C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFAEA13A6FA7CF9A4" box="[1389,1424,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[154,1416,382,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-92@11.[151,1436,345,1611]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Anatomy of female Pomacea penai: (A) ventral view of female pallial cavity roof, pericardic cavity opened, pallial oviduct turned aside and schematic view showing internal structures; (B) frontal view of head–foot; (C) osphradium morphology detailed; (D) outline of kidney morphology; (E) lateral right view of foregut; (F) stomach dorsally opened. Abbreviations: agl, albumen gland; ak, anterior kidney; am, ampulla; an, anus; au, auricle; bc, copulatory bursa; cgl, capsule gland; ce, cephalic tentacle; dd, digestive gland ducts; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; ey, eye; fo, female opening; gv, wall of gastric ventral chamber; gm, gastric muscle; ic, intestinal caecum; ig, intestinal groove; in, intestine; la, labial palp; lnl, left nuchal lobe; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; mo, mouth; om, ommatophore; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pa, parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex; pgf, pedal glandular furrow; pk, posterior kidney; pn, pneumostome; rcs, seminal receptacle; rct, rectum; rnl, right nuchal lobe; rs, radular sac; sa, sorting area; sg, salivary gland; sn, snout; so, sole; sp, stomach pouch; st, septum; t1, major typhlosole; t2, minor typhlosole; t1f, major typhlosole fold; t2f, minor typhlosole fold; ug, urinary gutter; ve, ventricle; vp, vestigial penis sheath; v, vagina. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773188/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">8E</figureCitation>
). Radula (N=4) taenioglossate, with ~26–41 rows (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFD3A105AFCBDF980" box="[701,849,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[223,1364,1275,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-488@10.[223,1364,1275,1901]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Radulae of (A) Pomacea penai MUSM 5692P, and Pomacea reevei (B) MUSM 5715P, (C) MUSM 5627P in SEM. Drawings of the radular row of P. penai (D) and P. reevei (E). Abbreviations: R: rachidian tooth; L, lateral tooth; M1, inner marginal tooth; M2, outer marginal tooth. Scale bars = 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773186" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773186/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Figs. 7A, 7D</figureCitation>
). Rachidian tooth rectangular with concave base and lateral margins; central cusp rounded with protruding pointed tip; lateral cusps rounded and of ~2/7 length of central peak. Lateral teeth, with triangular central cusp, and 2 small outer lateral cusps around it. Inner marginal teeth with two triangular cusps, internal cusp of ~1/5 length of outer cusp; outer marginal cusps with bulged tips. After dorsal folds, lateral to esophagus, two broad and short esophageal pouches, slightly rounded at its distal region (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFAB210EAFA7BF910" box="[1333,1431,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1670,1694]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-194@7.[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Visceral mass showing pallial cavity roof, and foregut in lateral view of (A, C) Pomacea penai and (B, D) Pomacea reevei. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; ct, ctenidium; dg, digestive gland; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; in, intestine; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; os, osphradium; po, pallial oviduct; pk, posterior kidney; rct, rectum; rs, radular sac; sg, salivary gland; st, septum; ve, ventricle; v, vagina. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773182/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Figs. 6C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFF10108EFF56F94C" box="[151,186,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[154,1416,382,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-92@11.[151,1436,345,1611]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Anatomy of female Pomacea penai: (A) ventral view of female pallial cavity roof, pericardic cavity opened, pallial oviduct turned aside and schematic view showing internal structures; (B) frontal view of head–foot; (C) osphradium morphology detailed; (D) outline of kidney morphology; (E) lateral right view of foregut; (F) stomach dorsally opened. Abbreviations: agl, albumen gland; ak, anterior kidney; am, ampulla; an, anus; au, auricle; bc, copulatory bursa; cgl, capsule gland; ce, cephalic tentacle; dd, digestive gland ducts; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; ey, eye; fo, female opening; gv, wall of gastric ventral chamber; gm, gastric muscle; ic, intestinal caecum; ig, intestinal groove; in, intestine; la, labial palp; lnl, left nuchal lobe; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; mo, mouth; om, ommatophore; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pa, parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex; pgf, pedal glandular furrow; pk, posterior kidney; pn, pneumostome; rcs, seminal receptacle; rct, rectum; rnl, right nuchal lobe; rs, radular sac; sa, sorting area; sg, salivary gland; sn, snout; so, sole; sp, stomach pouch; st, septum; t1, major typhlosole; t2, minor typhlosole; t1f, major typhlosole fold; t2f, minor typhlosole fold; ug, urinary gutter; ve, ventricle; vp, vestigial penis sheath; v, vagina. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773188/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">8E</figureCitation>
). Pair of salivary glands alveolate and compacted, lateral to digestive tract. Salivary ducts inserted into bulb dorsal surface, ending in anterior region of longitudinal folds. After these pouches, esophagus widening forming crop, bulged in right side. Gastric muscle (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC06FF8EFDF71146FD2FF884" box="[624,707,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[154,1416,382,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-92@11.[151,1436,345,1611]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Anatomy of female Pomacea penai: (A) ventral view of female pallial cavity roof, pericardic cavity opened, pallial oviduct turned aside and schematic view showing internal structures; (B) frontal view of head–foot; (C) osphradium morphology detailed; (D) outline of kidney morphology; (E) lateral right view of foregut; (F) stomach dorsally opened. Abbreviations: agl, albumen gland; ak, anterior kidney; am, ampulla; an, anus; au, auricle; bc, copulatory bursa; cgl, capsule gland; ce, cephalic tentacle; dd, digestive gland ducts; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; ey, eye; fo, female opening; gv, wall of gastric ventral chamber; gm, gastric muscle; ic, intestinal caecum; ig, intestinal groove; in, intestine; la, labial palp; lnl, left nuchal lobe; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; mo, mouth; om, ommatophore; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pa, parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex; pgf, pedal glandular furrow; pk, posterior kidney; pn, pneumostome; rcs, seminal receptacle; rct, rectum; rnl, right nuchal lobe; rs, radular sac; sa, sorting area; sg, salivary gland; sn, snout; so, sole; sp, stomach pouch; st, septum; t1, major typhlosole; t2, minor typhlosole; t1f, major typhlosole fold; t2f, minor typhlosole fold; ug, urinary gutter; ve, ventricle; vp, vestigial penis sheath; v, vagina. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773188/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="79">Fig. 8F</figureCitation>
) elongated. Stomach divided into dorsal and ventral chambers by reduced septum.Ventral chamber twice size of dorsal one, receiving two ducts of digestive gland in its ventral surface. Walls of ventral chamber with red muscles, possess series of transverse folds. Stomach pouch divided internally by transverse folds posterior to dorsal chamber. Intestinal groove whose left and right margins show major and minor typhlosole respectively. At its origin, major typhlosole distinguishable by having small and rectangular fold. Reduced sorting area lateral to this, slightly expanded. Distal region of intestinal groove with elongated caeca bordering sphincter. Intestine U-turned and bordering kidney cavity to enter by left margin. Within cavity, intestine with 4 loops connected to right side of posterior kidney wall by connective tissue. Rectum (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC03FF8BFB511696FADEFF54" box="[1238,1330,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[154,1416,382,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-92@11.[151,1436,345,1611]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Anatomy of female Pomacea penai: (A) ventral view of female pallial cavity roof, pericardic cavity opened, pallial oviduct turned aside and schematic view showing internal structures; (B) frontal view of head–foot; (C) osphradium morphology detailed; (D) outline of kidney morphology; (E) lateral right view of foregut; (F) stomach dorsally opened. Abbreviations: agl, albumen gland; ak, anterior kidney; am, ampulla; an, anus; au, auricle; bc, copulatory bursa; cgl, capsule gland; ce, cephalic tentacle; dd, digestive gland ducts; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; ey, eye; fo, female opening; gv, wall of gastric ventral chamber; gm, gastric muscle; ic, intestinal caecum; ig, intestinal groove; in, intestine; la, labial palp; lnl, left nuchal lobe; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; mo, mouth; om, ommatophore; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pa, parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex; pgf, pedal glandular furrow; pk, posterior kidney; pn, pneumostome; rcs, seminal receptacle; rct, rectum; rnl, right nuchal lobe; rs, radular sac; sa, sorting area; sg, salivary gland; sn, snout; so, sole; sp, stomach pouch; st, septum; t1, major typhlosole; t2, minor typhlosole; t1f, major typhlosole fold; t2f, minor typhlosole fold; ug, urinary gutter; ve, ventricle; vp, vestigial penis sheath; v, vagina. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773188/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
) running longitudinally along right side of the mantle cavity, parallel to urinary gutter and gill, ending close to rectal papillae, located near left lobe of mantle.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6F6AB9BC01FF89FF101174FD26F848" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773168" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7773168" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773168/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="80" startId="4.[151,250,1853,1877]" targetBox="[244,1343,181,1829]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC01FF89FF101174FD26F848" blockId="4.[151,1437,1853,2022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC01FF89FF101174FEF9F8F8" bold="true" box="[151,277,1853,1877]" pageId="4" pageNumber="80">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Type localities of
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC01FF89FE5D1177FD95F8F8" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[474,633,1854,1877]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="4" pageNumber="80" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC01FF89FE5D1177FD95F8F8" box="[474,633,1854,1877]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="80">Pomacea penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC01FF89FD051174FD39F8F8" bold="true" box="[642,725,1853,1877]" pageId="4" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC01FF89FD051174FD39F8F8" box="[642,725,1853,1877]" pageId="4" pageNumber="80" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC01FF89FC8B1177FC5CF8F8" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[780,944,1854,1877]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="4" pageNumber="80" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reevei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC01FF89FC8B1177FC5CF8F8" box="[780,944,1854,1877]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="80">Pomacea reevei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC01FF89FC3F1174FBE7F8F8" bold="true" box="[952,1035,1853,1877]" pageId="4" pageNumber="80">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC01FF89FC3F1174FBE7F8F8" box="[952,1035,1853,1877]" pageId="4" pageNumber="80" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Flooding area of Nanay River, Nueva Bellavista—Nanay in Loreto department, during
<emphasis id="B964E623BC01FF89FD0B1128FD43F8D4" bold="true" box="[652,687,1889,1913]" pageId="4" pageNumber="80">(A)</emphasis>
wet and
<emphasis id="B964E623BC01FF89FC8A1128FCC3F8D4" bold="true" box="[781,815,1889,1913]" pageId="4" pageNumber="80">(B)</emphasis>
dry season.
<emphasis id="B964E623BC01FF89FC281128FC3EF8D4" bold="true" box="[943,978,1889,1913]" pageId="4" pageNumber="80">(C)</emphasis>
Map showing collection sites in Iquitos city, that includes type locality (asterisk), Bellavista Market (circle), Moronillo (triangle), and Isla Iquitos (square); collection sites included areas near and within populated areas, surrounded by flood zones and wetlands.
<emphasis id="B964E623BC01FF89FBAA11E0FBBDF86C" bold="true" box="[1069,1105,1961,1985]" pageId="4" pageNumber="80">(D)</emphasis>
Kichwa Cocha, near Rango Isla populated center, Maynas province, Loreto department.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6F6AB9BC00FF88FF101130FE61F877" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773172" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7773172" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773172/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" startId="5.[151,250,1913,1937]" targetBox="[188,1399,181,1889]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC00FF88FF101130FE61F877" blockId="5.[151,1436,1913,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC00FF88FF101130FEFEF83C" bold="true" box="[151,274,1913,1937]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Frontal and dorsal views of
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC00FF88FDB61133FD21F83C" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[561,717,1914,1937]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC00FF88FDB61133FD21F83C" box="[561,717,1914,1937]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">Pomacea penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shells.
<emphasis id="B964E623BC00FF88FC9E1130FCD1F83C" bold="true" box="[793,829,1913,1937]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">(A)</emphasis>
MUSM 5692H (h=77.76 mm);
<emphasis id="B964E623BC00FF88FBF81130FB4DF83C" bold="true" box="[1151,1185,1913,1937]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">(B)</emphasis>
MUSM 5692P (h=70.32 mm);
<emphasis id="B964E623BC00FF88FF5111D4FF16F818" bold="true" box="[214,250,1949,1973]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">(C)</emphasis>
MUSM 5709P (h=70.98 mm);
<emphasis id="B964E623BC00FF88FDC311D4FD8BF818" bold="true" box="[580,615,1949,1973]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">(D)</emphasis>
MUSM 5702M (h=66.50 mm);
<emphasis id="B964E623BC00FF88FC3D11D4FC30F818" bold="true" box="[954,988,1949,1973]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">(E)</emphasis>
MUSM 5624P (h=93.42 mm);
<emphasis id="B964E623BC00FF88FAA111D4FAABF818" bold="true" box="[1318,1351,1949,1973]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">(F)</emphasis>
MUSM 5704M (h=109.02 mm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6F6AB9BC03FF8BFF10131BFA62FA23" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773176" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7773176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773176/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="82" startId="6.[151,250,1362,1386]" targetBox="[173,1410,387,1300]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC03FF8BFF10131BFA62FA23" blockId="6.[151,1436,1362,1423]" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC03FF8BFF10131BFEFAFAC7" bold="true" box="[151,278,1362,1386]" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Outer and inner views of
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC03FF8BFDB7131AFD28FAC7" box="[560,708,1362,1386]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="6" pageNumber="82" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC03FF8BFDB7131AFD62FAC7" box="[560,654,1363,1386]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">Pomacea</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC03FF8BFD10131BFD28FAC7" bold="true" box="[663,708,1362,1386]" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">spp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC03FF8BFD4A131BFD15FAC7" bold="true" box="[717,761,1362,1386]" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">nov.</emphasis>
opercula:
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC03FF8BFCED131AFBE5FAC7" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[874,1033,1363,1386]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="6" pageNumber="82" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC03FF8BFCED131AFBE5FAC7" box="[874,1033,1363,1386]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">Pomacea penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B964E623BC03FF8BFB9D131BFBD1FAC7" bold="true" box="[1050,1085,1362,1386]" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">(A)</emphasis>
holotype MUSM 5692H and
<emphasis id="B964E623BC03FF8BFAFD131BFA70FAC7" bold="true" box="[1402,1436,1362,1386]" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">(B)</emphasis>
paratype MUSM 5692P;
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC03FF8BFE10133EFDD4FA23" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[407,568,1399,1422]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="6" pageNumber="82" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reevei">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC03FF8BFE10133EFDD4FA23" box="[407,568,1399,1422]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">Pomacea reevei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B964E623BC03FF8BFDC1133FFD85FA23" bold="true" box="[582,617,1398,1422]" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">(C)</emphasis>
holotype MUSM 5723H and
<emphasis id="B964E623BC03FF8BFC1F133FFC57FA23" bold="true" box="[920,955,1398,1422]" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">(D)</emphasis>
paratype MUSM 5723P. Scale bars = 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6F6AB9BC03FF8BFF1011A9FA71F85A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773180" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7773180" box="[151,1437,2016,2040]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773180/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="82" startId="6.[151,250,2016,2040]" targetBox="[199,1401,1496,1956]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC03FF8BFF1011A9FA71F85A" blockId="6.[151,1437,2016,2040]" box="[151,1437,2016,2040]" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC03FF8BFF1011A9FEFDF855" bold="true" box="[151,273,2016,2040]" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Living specimens of
<emphasis id="B964E623BC03FF8BFE6111A9FDE6F855" bold="true" box="[486,522,2016,2040]" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">(A)</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC03FF8BFD8911A8FD17F855" authority="MUSM" authorityName="MUSM" box="[526,763,2016,2040]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="6" pageNumber="82" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC03FF8BFD8911A8FD45F855" box="[526,681,2017,2040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">Pomacea penai</emphasis>
MUSM
</taxonomicName>
5713P and
<emphasis id="B964E623BC03FF8BFCEA11A9FC63F855" bold="true" box="[877,911,2016,2040]" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">(B)</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC03FF8BFC1311A8FB69F855" authority="MUSM" authorityName="MUSM" box="[916,1157,2016,2040]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="6" pageNumber="82" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reevei">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC03FF8BFC1311A8FBD8F855" box="[916,1076,2017,2040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="82">Pomacea reevei</emphasis>
MUSM
</taxonomicName>
5723P. Scale bars = 20 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC02FF8AFF4016DFFCA0FDB4" blockId="7.[151,1436,150,537]" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC02FF8AFF4016DFFE25FF1C" bold="true" box="[199,457,150,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">Reproductive system:</emphasis>
Female (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC02FF8AFDB716DEFD78FF1C" box="[560,660,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1670,1694]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-194@7.[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Visceral mass showing pallial cavity roof, and foregut in lateral view of (A, C) Pomacea penai and (B, D) Pomacea reevei. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; ct, ctenidium; dg, digestive gland; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; in, intestine; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; os, osphradium; po, pallial oviduct; pk, posterior kidney; rct, rectum; rs, radular sac; sg, salivary gland; st, septum; ve, ventricle; v, vagina. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773182/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">Figs. 6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC02FF8AFD1916DEFD28FF1C" box="[670,708,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[154,1416,382,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-92@11.[151,1436,345,1611]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Anatomy of female Pomacea penai: (A) ventral view of female pallial cavity roof, pericardic cavity opened, pallial oviduct turned aside and schematic view showing internal structures; (B) frontal view of head–foot; (C) osphradium morphology detailed; (D) outline of kidney morphology; (E) lateral right view of foregut; (F) stomach dorsally opened. Abbreviations: agl, albumen gland; ak, anterior kidney; am, ampulla; an, anus; au, auricle; bc, copulatory bursa; cgl, capsule gland; ce, cephalic tentacle; dd, digestive gland ducts; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; ey, eye; fo, female opening; gv, wall of gastric ventral chamber; gm, gastric muscle; ic, intestinal caecum; ig, intestinal groove; in, intestine; la, labial palp; lnl, left nuchal lobe; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; mo, mouth; om, ommatophore; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pa, parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex; pgf, pedal glandular furrow; pk, posterior kidney; pn, pneumostome; rcs, seminal receptacle; rct, rectum; rnl, right nuchal lobe; rs, radular sac; sa, sorting area; sg, salivary gland; sn, snout; so, sole; sp, stomach pouch; st, septum; t1, major typhlosole; t2, minor typhlosole; t1f, major typhlosole fold; t2f, minor typhlosole fold; ug, urinary gutter; ve, ventricle; vp, vestigial penis sheath; v, vagina. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773188/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">8A</figureCitation>
). Ovary ivory-white, with agglomerated acini. Acini join forming visceral oviduct, connected to pallial oviduct in its ventral anterior third. Pallial oviduct (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC02FF8AFBE816F2FB2AFF78" box="[1135,1222,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1670,1694]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-194@7.[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Visceral mass showing pallial cavity roof, and foregut in lateral view of (A, C) Pomacea penai and (B, D) Pomacea reevei. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; ct, ctenidium; dg, digestive gland; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; in, intestine; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; os, osphradium; po, pallial oviduct; pk, posterior kidney; rct, rectum; rs, radular sac; sg, salivary gland; st, septum; ve, ventricle; v, vagina. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773182/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
) embedded in light olive parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex. Visceral oviduct connecting seminal receptacle (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC02FF8AFF18174AFF14FEB0" box="[159,248,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[154,1416,382,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-92@11.[151,1436,345,1611]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Anatomy of female Pomacea penai: (A) ventral view of female pallial cavity roof, pericardic cavity opened, pallial oviduct turned aside and schematic view showing internal structures; (B) frontal view of head–foot; (C) osphradium morphology detailed; (D) outline of kidney morphology; (E) lateral right view of foregut; (F) stomach dorsally opened. Abbreviations: agl, albumen gland; ak, anterior kidney; am, ampulla; an, anus; au, auricle; bc, copulatory bursa; cgl, capsule gland; ce, cephalic tentacle; dd, digestive gland ducts; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; ey, eye; fo, female opening; gv, wall of gastric ventral chamber; gm, gastric muscle; ic, intestinal caecum; ig, intestinal groove; in, intestine; la, labial palp; lnl, left nuchal lobe; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; mo, mouth; om, ommatophore; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pa, parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex; pgf, pedal glandular furrow; pk, posterior kidney; pn, pneumostome; rcs, seminal receptacle; rct, rectum; rnl, right nuchal lobe; rs, radular sac; sa, sorting area; sg, salivary gland; sn, snout; so, sole; sp, stomach pouch; st, septum; t1, major typhlosole; t2, minor typhlosole; t1f, major typhlosole fold; t2f, minor typhlosole fold; ug, urinary gutter; ve, ventricle; vp, vestigial penis sheath; v, vagina. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773188/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
), reniform and large. Albumen gland lumen flattened, expanded proximally and distally. Copulatory bursa, ~1/3 of volume of seminal receptacle, adjacent to this and joining it by narrow channel. Ventral channel joins seminal receptacle and running through capsule gland. Seminal receptacle and albumen gland lumen connected to proximal lumen of capsule gland. This latter presents spiral disposition, occupying ~2/3 of pallial oviduct. Capsule gland lumen tapering distally. Vagina (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC02FF8AFE7917DAFD8EFE00" box="[510,610,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1670,1694]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-194@7.[151,1436,561,1647]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Visceral mass showing pallial cavity roof, and foregut in lateral view of (A, C) Pomacea penai and (B, D) Pomacea reevei. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; ct, ctenidium; dg, digestive gland; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; in, intestine; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; os, osphradium; po, pallial oviduct; pk, posterior kidney; rct, rectum; rs, radular sac; sg, salivary gland; st, septum; ve, ventricle; v, vagina. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773182/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">Figs. 6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC02FF8AFDEB17DAFD7CFE00" box="[620,656,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[154,1416,382,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-92@11.[151,1436,345,1611]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Anatomy of female Pomacea penai: (A) ventral view of female pallial cavity roof, pericardic cavity opened, pallial oviduct turned aside and schematic view showing internal structures; (B) frontal view of head–foot; (C) osphradium morphology detailed; (D) outline of kidney morphology; (E) lateral right view of foregut; (F) stomach dorsally opened. Abbreviations: agl, albumen gland; ak, anterior kidney; am, ampulla; an, anus; au, auricle; bc, copulatory bursa; cgl, capsule gland; ce, cephalic tentacle; dd, digestive gland ducts; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; ey, eye; fo, female opening; gv, wall of gastric ventral chamber; gm, gastric muscle; ic, intestinal caecum; ig, intestinal groove; in, intestine; la, labial palp; lnl, left nuchal lobe; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; mo, mouth; om, ommatophore; op, operculum; os, osphradium; pa, parenchymal tissue of albumen gland-capsule gland complex; pgf, pedal glandular furrow; pk, posterior kidney; pn, pneumostome; rcs, seminal receptacle; rct, rectum; rnl, right nuchal lobe; rs, radular sac; sa, sorting area; sg, salivary gland; sn, snout; so, sole; sp, stomach pouch; st, septum; t1, major typhlosole; t2, minor typhlosole; t1f, major typhlosole fold; t2f, minor typhlosole fold; ug, urinary gutter; ve, ventricle; vp, vestigial penis sheath; v, vagina. Scale bars = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773188/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">8A</figureCitation>
) narrow, thick-walled and red muscular folds inside, with small dorsal channel throughout its length, running longitudinally along right side of mantle cavity and passes beneath urinary gutter. Female opening small, adjacent to rectal papilla. In some specimens, vestigial penis sheath, elongated, with small groove, and penis like structure occurs in mantle cavity.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6F6AB9BC02FF8AFF1010CFFCF8F8A7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773182" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7773182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773182/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="83" startId="7.[151,250,1670,1694]" targetBox="[151,1436,561,1647]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC02FF8AFF1010CFFCF8F8A7" blockId="7.[151,1437,1670,1802]" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC02FF8AFF1010CFFEFEF933" bold="true" box="[151,274,1670,1694]" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Visceral mass showing pallial cavity roof, and foregut in lateral view of
<emphasis id="B964E623BC02FF8AFC6010CFFBC5F933" bold="true" box="[999,1065,1670,1694]" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">(A, C)</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC02FF8AFBA910CEFB25F933" box="[1070,1225,1671,1694]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="7" pageNumber="83" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC02FF8AFBA910CEFB25F933" box="[1070,1225,1671,1694]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">Pomacea penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B964E623BC02FF8AFB7E10CFFAD4F933" bold="true" box="[1273,1336,1670,1694]" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">(B, D)</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC02FF8AFAB910CEFF38F96F" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="7" pageNumber="83" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reevei">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC02FF8AFAB910CEFF38F96F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">Pomacea reevei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Abbreviations: am, ampulla; ct, ctenidium; dg, digestive gland; ed, esophageal diverticulum; es, esophagus; in, intestine; ls, lung sac; mb, mantle border; os, osphradium; po, pallial oviduct; pk, posterior kidney; rct, rectum; rs, radular sac; sg, salivary gland; st, septum; ve, ventricle; v, vagina. Scale bars = 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC02FF85FF401171FB5EFEC8" blockId="7.[151,1437,1848,2019]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">
Male (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC02FF8AFE961171FEBBF8FE" box="[273,343,1848,1875]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,765,789]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,181,741]" captionTargetId="figure-19@12.[155,1432,181,741]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Male reproductive system of Pomacea penai: penis sheath externally deflected of (A) fresh MUSM 5700M and (B) fixed specimen MUSM 5692H, and (C) mantle deflected showing prostate and seminal vesicle (marked with dashed lines). Abbreviations: an, anus; asg, apical sheath gland; bsg, basal sheath gland; ct, ctenidium; os, osphradium; pb, penis bulb; pe, penis; pp, penis pouch; prs, prostate; ug, urinary gutter; vs, seminal vesicle. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773194/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). Testis beige colored, occupying approximately first 2 ½ whorls. Spermiduct in basal region of testis, near pericardium region, connected to proximal region of cylindrical and flattened seminal vesicle at its left margin. Prostate (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC02FF8AFEE611C9FE56F836" box="[353,442,1920,1947]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,765,789]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,181,741]" captionTargetId="figure-19@12.[155,1432,181,741]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Male reproductive system of Pomacea penai: penis sheath externally deflected of (A) fresh MUSM 5700M and (B) fixed specimen MUSM 5692H, and (C) mantle deflected showing prostate and seminal vesicle (marked with dashed lines). Abbreviations: an, anus; asg, apical sheath gland; bsg, basal sheath gland; ct, ctenidium; os, osphradium; pb, penis bulb; pe, penis; pp, penis pouch; prs, prostate; ug, urinary gutter; vs, seminal vesicle. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773194/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
) broad in its anterior region, running longitudinally along mantle cavity, decreasing its diameter toward posterior region. Prostate inserted below anal papilla, continues with small outgrowth of tissue. Penis pouch (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC02FF8AFEB51181FE2BF84E" box="[306,455,1992,2019]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,765,789]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,181,741]" captionTargetId="figure-19@12.[155,1432,181,741]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Male reproductive system of Pomacea penai: penis sheath externally deflected of (A) fresh MUSM 5700M and (B) fixed specimen MUSM 5692H, and (C) mantle deflected showing prostate and seminal vesicle (marked with dashed lines). Abbreviations: an, anus; asg, apical sheath gland; bsg, basal sheath gland; ct, ctenidium; os, osphradium; pb, penis bulb; pe, penis; pp, penis pouch; prs, prostate; ug, urinary gutter; vs, seminal vesicle. Scale bars = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773194/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="83">Figs. 9A, 9B</figureCitation>
) composed of translucent membrane, and penis rolled seen through. Penis bulb solid, occupies ~2/3 of penis pouch. Penis cylindrical and long, slightly decreasing diameter at distal portion. Penis pouch losing its thickness and forms membrane at base of penis sheath, which occurs in left anterior region of mantle cavity. Penis sheath elongated, slightly curved to right, with bulged base. Two glands in dorsal region of sheath: apical gland, ~1/3 of length of sheath, with rough surface; basal gland elongated, covering also middle region. Basal ventral gland embedded in sheath, with small opening slit on outer sheath face. Notch in middle of penis sheath. Throughout penis sheath occurs groove covered by thin membrane originating on its left side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC0DFF85FF401726FAD5FE7C" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FF401726FDE4FE25" bold="true" box="[199,520,366,393]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
Eggs (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC0DFF85FE891727FE15FE25" box="[270,505,366,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,921,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-95@12.[151,1436,921,1900]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 10. Oviposition and eggs in Pomacea spp. (A) Female Pomacea penai and (D) Pomacea reevei laying eggs; egg clutches of (B) P. penai and (E) P. reevei; habitats where egg clutches of (C) P. penai and (F, G) P. reevei were found. Scale bar = 20 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773196/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Figs. 10A, 10B, 10C</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Clutch (N=4) elongated, calcareous eggs disposed in a tight cluster, with polygonal shapes, similar to honeycomb, light to lime green colored newly hatched, turning with the time to pale green; laid on vegetation or substrate above water; number of eggs approximately 400, average egg diameter ~
<quantity id="4CE897D4BC0DFF85FB4A17FEFAD9FE7C" box="[1229,1333,439,465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.24" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" unit="mm" value="4.24">4.24 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC0DFF85FF401793FEBAFC94" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FF401793FE12FE59" bold="true" box="[199,510,474,500]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
Shell variability (
<figureCitation id="132B26B4BC0DFF85FE1E1793FE03FE59" box="[409,495,474,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1973,1997]" captionTargetBox="[207,1418,1006,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-386@13.[151,1436,993,1949]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Shell shape variation of Pomacea penai across localities based on principal component analysis (PCA) of 19 landmarks. Most extreme individuals and shape deformation associated with components are illustrated near the respective" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7773200/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Observed shells (N=200) varied from an elongated body whorl morphotype to a compressed one. PCA for the 19 landmarks did not show geographical differentiation, with all groups overlapping in the morphospace. These did not group by locality, where every locality contained most of the shell shapes, a case of extreme intrapopulation variability. First and second principal components explained together 38.32% of the variation. Shape variation across the first principal component showed an expanded aperture relative to the body whorl and a less pointed shell at the positive end of the axis; towards negative end of axis, shells have higher spires and elongated apertures. Meanwhile, second principal component displayed a rounded aperture, depressed body whorl and immersed spire at the positive end of the axis, and an elongated aperture and body whorl at the end of the negative axis. From here, we can categorize
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC0DFF85FD0814B2FD17FCB8" box="[655,763,763,789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
of shells: one group with pointed spires and other one with immersed spires.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC0DFF85FF40150AFE6CFC64" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
Procrustes ANOVA showed significant differences among localities (F: 4.2457, p&lt;0.001). Pairwise comparisons found non-significant differences in most cases, except for following pairs:
<collectingRegion id="49D4F4D3BC0DFF85FC50152EFBA1FC2C" box="[983,1101,871,897]" country="Peru" name="Amazonas" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
/High
<collectingRegion id="49D4F4D3BC0DFF85FB15152EFA86FC2C" box="[1170,1386,871,897]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Ucayali, Amazonas</collectingRegion>
/
<collectingRegion id="49D4F4D3BC0DFF85FAF4152EFF26FC08" country="Argentina" name="San Juan" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">San Juan</collectingRegion>
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC0DFF85FF5415C2FE8FFC08" box="[211,355,907,933]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">de Cumbaza</collectorName>
, High
<collectingRegion id="49D4F4D3BC0DFF85FE3715C2FDEBFC08" box="[432,519,907,933]" country="Peru" name="Ucayali" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Ucayali</collectingRegion>
/Nanay, Nanay/
<collectingRegion id="49D4F4D3BC0DFF85FD3015C2FCF0FC08" box="[695,796,907,933]" country="Argentina" name="San Juan" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">San Juan</collectingRegion>
<collectorName id="26E55FE7BC0DFF85FCA215C2FC5EFC08" box="[805,946,907,933]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">de Cumbaza</collectorName>
(p&lt;0.05) (Supplementary Table 1 provides the pairwise results).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A69BABC0DFF85FF40159BFC28FB98" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC0DFF85FF40159BFC28FB98" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FF40159BFE1BFC41" bold="true" box="[199,503,978,1005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Distribution and habitat:</emphasis>
Commonly found in temporary flooded areas near Amazon River tributaries, and oxbow lakes. Snails found at the bottom of water bodies, even near populated areas. Fishers find them in their fish traps left overnight at an approximate depth of one meter in small rivers.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A69BABC0DFF84FF401276FD75FE00" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC0DFF85FF401276FE6FFAF8" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FF401276FED1FBF4" bold="true" box="[199,317,1087,1113]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Remarks:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FEC31276FE1EFBF5" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[324,498,1087,1112]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FEC31276FE1EFBF5" box="[324,498,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Pomacea penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FE7E1276FDBFFBF4" bold="true" box="[505,595,1087,1113]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC0DFF85FE7E1276FDBFFBF4" box="[505,595,1087,1113]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has been identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FCD41276FB3EFBF4" authority="(Reeve, 1856)" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[851,1234,1086,1113]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="haustrum">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FCD41276FBC0FBF4" box="[851,1068,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Pomacea haustrum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0DFF85FBBC1276FB25FBF4" author="Reeve, L. A." box="[1083,1225,1086,1113]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref14127" refString="Reeve, L. A. (1856) Monograph of the genus Ampullaria. In: Conchologia Iconica: or, illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals. Vol. X. Lovell Reeve &amp; Co., London, pls. 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8129" type="book chapter" year="1856">Reeve, 1856</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
since Weyrauch’s collections (1940s) from Ucayali River (NMW.Z.1981.118.03479) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0DFF85FC23122AFBF2FBD0" author="Pain, T." box="[932,1054,1123,1149]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" pagination="421 - 432" refId="ref13464" refString="Pain, T. (1960) Pomacea (Ampullariidae) of the Amazon river system. Journal of Conchology, 24, 421 - 432." type="journal article" year="1960">Pain 1960</bibRefCitation>
);
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0DFF85FBB2122AFB2EFBD0" author="Haas, F." box="[1077,1218,1123,1149]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" pagination="171 - 188" refId="ref12733" refString="Haas, F. (1947) Malacological Notes - V. Fieldiana Zoology, 31 (22), 171 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 3005" type="journal article" year="1947">Haas (1947)</bibRefCitation>
identified them as
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FF1012CEFE71FB0D" box="[151,413,1159,1185]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="haustrum" subSpecies="immersum">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FF1012CEFE71FB0D" box="[151,413,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. haustrum immersum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(MUSM 520).
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0DFF85FDD512CEFCB8FB0C" author="Rawlings, T. A. &amp; Hayes, K. A. &amp; Cowie, R. H. &amp; Collins, T. M." box="[594,852,1159,1185]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" pagination="97" refId="ref13974" refString="Rawlings, T. A., Hayes, K. A., Cowie, R. H. &amp; Collins, T. M. (2007) The identity, distribution, and impacts of non-native apple snails in the continental United States. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 7, 97. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / 1471 - 2148 - 7 - 97" type="journal article" year="2007">
Rawlings
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FD4212CEFCECFB0C" box="[709,768,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
(2007)
</bibRefCitation>
sequenced
<specimenCount id="9D16F1B8BC0DFF85FC5C12CEFB9AFB0C" box="[987,1142,1159,1185]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
from Ucayali River (16S rRNA) housed in the Field Museum (FMNH 223530) and found it to cluster with specimens of one of the introduced species from
<collectingRegion id="49D4F4D3BC0DFF85FEB51286FE6AFB44" box="[306,390,1231,1257]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Florida</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3077AA1BC0DFF85FE141286FE22FB44" box="[403,462,1231,1257]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">USA</collectingCountry>
, which laid green eggs. The following authors highlighted the latter apple snail as a different species from
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FE1012BAFDF2FAA0" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[407,542,1267,1293]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="haustrum">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FE1012BAFDF2FAA0" box="[407,542,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. haustrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0DFF85FDA912BAFD10FAA0" author="Hayes, K. A. &amp; Cowie, R. H. &amp; Thiengo, S. C. &amp; Strong, E. E." box="[558,764,1267,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" pagination="723 - 753" refId="ref13138" refString="Hayes, K. A., Cowie, R. H., Thiengo, S. C. &amp; Strong, E. E. (2012) Comparing apples with apples: clarifying the identities of two highly invasive Neotropical Ampullariidae (Caenogastropoda). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 166 (4), 723 - 753. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2012.00867. x" type="journal article" year="2012">
Hayes
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FDF912BAFD54FAA0" box="[638,696,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0DFF85FC8F12BAFC34FAA0" author="Cowie, R. H. &amp; Hayes, K. A. &amp; Strong, E. E. &amp; Thiengo, S. C." box="[776,984,1267,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" pagination="3 - 32" refId="ref12134" refString="Cowie, R. H., Hayes, K. A., Strong, E. E. &amp; Thiengo, S. C. (2017) Non-native apple snails: systematics, distribution, invasion history and reasons for introduction. In: Joshi, R. C., Cowie, R. H. &amp; Sebastian, L. S. (Eds.), Biology and management of invasive apple snails. Philippine Rice Research Institute, Maligaya, pp. 3 - 32." type="book chapter" year="2017">
Cowie
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FCDE12BAFC7FFAA0" box="[857,915,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0DFF85FC6C12BAFB0BFAA0" author="Ramirez, R. &amp; Ramirez, J. L. &amp; Rivera, F. &amp; Justino, S. &amp; Solis, M. &amp; Morin, J. &amp; Ampuero, A. &amp; Mendivil, A. &amp; Congrains, C." box="[1003,1255,1267,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref13760" refString="Ramirez, R., Ramirez, J. L., Rivera, F., Justino, S., Solis, M., Morin, J., Ampuero, A., Mendivil, A. &amp; Congrains, C. (2022) Do not judge a snail by its shell: molecular identification of Pomacea species (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae), with particular reference to the Peruvian Amazonian giant apple snail, erroneously synonymized with Pomacea maculata. Archiv fur Molluskenkunde, 151 (1), 1 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / arch. moll / 151 / 007 - 017" type="journal article" year="2022">
Ramírez
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FBDC12BAFB78FAA0" box="[1115,1172,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
(2022)
</bibRefCitation>
found in a COI phylogeny a monophyletic group formed by Rawling’s specimen along with samples of
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FB1F135EFB19FA9D" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[1176,1269,1303,1328]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FB1F135EFB19FA9D" box="[1176,1269,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FB78135EFAB0FA9C" bold="true" box="[1279,1372,1303,1329]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC0DFF85FB78135EFAB0FA9C" box="[1279,1372,1303,1329]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from around Iquitos,
<collectingCountry id="F3077AA1BC0DFF85FECF1372FE93FAF8" box="[328,383,1339,1365]" name="Peru" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC0DFF85FF401316FD04FA6C" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FEE71316FE55FAD5" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[352,441,1375,1400]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FEE71316FE55FAD5" box="[352,441,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FE381316FDF4FAD4" bold="true" box="[447,536,1375,1401]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC0DFF85FE381316FDF4FAD4" box="[447,536,1375,1401]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
internally differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FC9C1316FC73FAD4" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[795,927,1375,1401]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="haustrum">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FC9C1316FC73FAD4" box="[795,927,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. haustrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in possessing a longer penis sheath gland that occupies middle and basal region, a bulged proximal region of prostate, and laying green eggs, in contrast with the pink ones of
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FEAE13EEFE42FA6C" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[297,430,1447,1473]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="haustrum">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FEAE13EEFE42FA6C" box="[297,430,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. haustrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0DFF85FDCD13EEFD08FA6C" author="Lopes, H. S." box="[586,740,1446,1473]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" pagination="203 - 210" refId="ref13413" refString="Lopes, H. S. (1955) Sobre duas especies do genero Pomacea (Perry, 1810) com um estudo da genitalia em ambos os sexos (Mesogastropoda, Architaenioglossa, Mollusca). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 15 (2), 203 - 210." type="journal article" year="1955">Lopes (1955)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC0DFF85FF401382FD6EF934" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FF401382FE9FFA49" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[199,371,1483,1508]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FF401382FE9FFA49" box="[199,371,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Pomacea penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FEFE1382FE3DFA48" bold="true" box="[377,465,1483,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC0DFF85FEFE1382FE3DFA48" box="[377,465,1483,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
could be confused with
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FD5A1382FBD4FA48" authority="Perry, 1810" authorityName="Perry" authorityYear="1810" box="[733,1080,1483,1509]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FD5A1382FC5FFA48" box="[733,947,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Pomacea maculata</emphasis>
Perry, 1810
</taxonomicName>
as it shares many conchological characters, mainly in large specimens.
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FDCD13A6FD1BF9A5" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[586,759,1519,1544]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FDCD13A6FD1BF9A5" box="[586,759,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Pomacea penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FD7813A6FCB4F9A4" bold="true" box="[767,856,1519,1545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC0DFF85FD7813A6FCB4F9A4" box="[767,856,1519,1545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
shells usually have a higher spire than
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FA9613A6FA79F9A4" authorityName="Perry" authorityYear="1810" box="[1297,1429,1519,1545]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FA9613A6FA79F9A4" box="[1297,1429,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. maculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Here we should add that the immersed spire morphotype is not a condition only found in
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FB0C105AFB09F981" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[1163,1253,1555,1580]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FB0C105AFB09F981" box="[1163,1253,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FB6A105AFAA4F980" bold="true" box="[1261,1352,1555,1581]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC0DFF85FB6A105AFAA4F980" box="[1261,1352,1555,1581]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, due to its presence in other species, as
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FE7B107EFDB7F9FD" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[508,603,1591,1616]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="reevei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FE7B107EFDB7F9FD" box="[508,603,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. reevei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FDE5107EFD50F9FC" bold="true" box="[610,700,1591,1617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC0DFF85FDE5107EFD50F9FC" box="[610,700,1591,1617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, described in this work, and also
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FBB3107EFA75F9FC" authority="(Hayes et al. 2012)" baseAuthorityName="Hayes" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[1076,1433,1591,1617]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FBB3107EFB5BF9FC" box="[1076,1207,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. maculata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0DFF85FB41107EFA7DF9FC" author="Hayes, K. A. &amp; Cowie, R. H. &amp; Thiengo, S. C. &amp; Strong, E. E." box="[1222,1425,1591,1617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" pagination="723 - 753" refId="ref13138" refString="Hayes, K. A., Cowie, R. H., Thiengo, S. C. &amp; Strong, E. E. (2012) Comparing apples with apples: clarifying the identities of two highly invasive Neotropical Ampullariidae (Caenogastropoda). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 166 (4), 723 - 753. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2012.00867. x" type="journal article" year="2012">
Hayes
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FA92107EFAA1F9FC" box="[1301,1357,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. In addition to the anatomical characters mentioned below,
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FCBF1012FC78F9D9" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[824,916,1627,1652]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FCBF1012FC78F9D9" box="[824,916,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FC481012FBB9F9D8" box="[975,1109,1627,1653]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FC481012FBB9F9D8" box="[975,1109,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. maculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were separated by a genetic distance ranging from 13.4 to 14.6% (COI).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC0DFF84FF4010EAFD6AFF55" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,150,429]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
Regarding the internal anatomy,
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FDB110EAFD63F911" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[566,655,1699,1724]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FDB110EAFD63F911" box="[566,655,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FD1010EAFD1CF910" bold="true" box="[663,752,1699,1725]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC0DFF85FD1010EAFD1CF910" box="[663,752,1699,1725]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has developed apical and basal penis sheath glands, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FF35108EFDCAF94C" authority="(Reeve, 1856)" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[178,550,1734,1761]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bridgesii">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FF35108EFE68F94C" box="[178,388,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Pomacea bridgesii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0DFF85FE16108EFDF2F94C" author="Reeve, L. A." box="[401,542,1734,1761]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref14127" refString="Reeve, L. A. (1856) Monograph of the genus Ampullaria. In: Conchologia Iconica: or, illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals. Vol. X. Lovell Reeve &amp; Co., London, pls. 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8129" type="book chapter" year="1856">Reeve, 1856</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
group species such as
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FC99108EFB43F94C" authority="(d'Orbigny, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[798,1199,1734,1761]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scalaris">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FC99108EFC08F94C" box="[798,996,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Pomacea scalaris</emphasis>
(d'Orbigny, 1835)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FB65108EFECBF8A8" authority="Blume, 1957" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1957" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diffusa">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FB65108EFA70F94C" box="[1250,1436,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Pomacea diffusa</emphasis>
Blume, 1957
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0DFF85FEB210A2FDE5F8A8" author="Hylton-Scott, M. I." box="[309,521,1770,1797]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" pagination="231 - 333" refId="ref13291" refString="Hylton-Scott, M. I. (1957) Estudio morfologico y taxonomico de los Ampularidos de la Republica Argentina. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ' Bernardino Rivadavia' e Instituto Nacional de Investigacion de las Ciencias Naturales. Ciencias Zoologicas, 3 (5), 231 - 333." type="journal article" year="1957">Hylton-Scott 1957</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0DFF85FD9210A2FD32F8A8" author="Cowie, R. H. &amp; Hayes, K. A. &amp; Thiengo, S. C." box="[533,734,1771,1797]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" pagination="3 - 23" refId="ref12227" refString="Cowie, R. H., Hayes, K. A. &amp; Thiengo, S. C. (2006) What are apple snails? Confused taxonomy and some preliminary resolution. In: Joshi, R. C. &amp; Sebastian, L. S. (Eds.), Global advances in ecology and management of golden apple snails. Philippine Rice Research Institute, Nueva Ecija, pp. 3 - 23." type="book chapter" year="2006">
Cowie
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FDE310A2FD70F8A8" box="[612,668,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
2006
</bibRefCitation>
), apical gland is absent and basal gland is reduced.
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FA9E10A2FA70F8A8" box="[1305,1436,1771,1797]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FA9E10A2FA70F8A8" box="[1305,1436,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. maculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FF401146FDD2F884" authority="Simone, 2004" authorityName="Simone" authorityYear="2004" box="[199,574,1807,1833]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curumim">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FF401146FE77F885" box="[199,411,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Pomacea curumim</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0DFF85FE251146FDD2F884" author="Simone, L." box="[418,574,1807,1833]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" pagination="387 - 504" refId="ref14391" refString="Simone, L. (2004) Comparative morphology and phylogeny of representatives of the superfamilies of Architaenioglossans and the Annulariidae (Mollusca, Caenogastropoda). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, 62, 387 - 504." type="journal article" year="2004">Simone, 2004</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
penis sheath glands arrangement resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FBB41146FB61F885" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[1075,1165,1807,1832]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FBB41146FB61F885" box="[1075,1165,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FB131146FB03F884" bold="true" box="[1172,1263,1807,1833]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC0DFF85FB131146FB03F884" box="[1172,1263,1807,1833]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0DFF85FB791146FA74F884" author="Simone, L." box="[1278,1432,1807,1833]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" pagination="387 - 504" refId="ref14391" refString="Simone, L. (2004) Comparative morphology and phylogeny of representatives of the superfamilies of Architaenioglossans and the Annulariidae (Mollusca, Caenogastropoda). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, 62, 387 - 504." type="journal article" year="2004">Simone 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0DFF85FF10117AFE85F8E0" author="Hayes, K. A. &amp; Cowie, R. H. &amp; Thiengo, S. C. &amp; Strong, E. E." box="[151,361,1843,1869]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" pagination="723 - 753" refId="ref13138" refString="Hayes, K. A., Cowie, R. H., Thiengo, S. C. &amp; Strong, E. E. (2012) Comparing apples with apples: clarifying the identities of two highly invasive Neotropical Ampullariidae (Caenogastropoda). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 166 (4), 723 - 753. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2012.00867. x" type="journal article" year="2012">
Hayes
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FF60117AFECFF8E0" box="[231,291,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
), from which it differs in the elongated basal sheath gland, compared with the smaller basal and medial glands in
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FE08111EFDF8F8DC" box="[399,532,1879,1905]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FE08111EFDF8F8DC" box="[399,532,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. maculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FDC8111EFD3CF8DD" authorityName="Simone" authorityYear="2004" box="[591,720,1879,1904]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curumim">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FDC8111EFD3CF8DD" box="[591,720,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. curumim</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
respectively.
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FCE9111EFBF2F8DD" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[878,1054,1879,1904]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FCE9111EFBF2F8DD" box="[878,1054,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Pomacea penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FBA0111EFB6EF8DC" bold="true" box="[1063,1154,1879,1905]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC0DFF85FBA0111EFB6EF8DC" box="[1063,1154,1879,1905]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has similarities with the proximal region of prostate and the curved penis sheath of specimen determined as
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FBB21132FB55F838" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1077,1209,1915,1941]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="haustrum">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FBB21132FB55F838" box="[1077,1209,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. haustrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0DFF85FADF1132FF0EF814" author="Lopes, H. S." pageId="8" pageNumber="84" pagination="203 - 210" refId="ref13413" refString="Lopes, H. S. (1955) Sobre duas especies do genero Pomacea (Perry, 1810) com um estudo da genitalia em ambos os sexos (Mesogastropoda, Architaenioglossa, Mollusca). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 15 (2), 203 - 210." type="journal article" year="1955">Lopes (1955)</bibRefCitation>
but differing in the proximal bulky region of the prostate. Polygonal eggs also have been reported in other
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FF10118AFEBAF870" box="[151,342,1987,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FF10118AFF13F871" box="[151,255,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">Pomacea</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FE1F118AFDFAF870" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[408,534,1987,2013]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bridgesii">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FE1F118AFDFAF870" box="[408,534,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. bridgesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, such as
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FD47118AFCD8F870" baseAuthorityName="d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[704,820,1987,2013]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scalaris">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FD47118AFCD8F870" box="[704,820,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. scalaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0DFF85FCE0118AFC22F870" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1957" box="[871,974,1987,2013]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="8" pageNumber="84" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diffusa">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0DFF85FCE0118AFC22F870" box="[871,974,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="84">P. diffusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but differ in their orange to brown colors (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0CFF84FF1816DEFE9BFF1C" author="Cowie, R. H. &amp; Hayes, K. A. &amp; Thiengo, S. C." box="[159,375,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" pagination="3 - 23" refId="ref12227" refString="Cowie, R. H., Hayes, K. A. &amp; Thiengo, S. C. (2006) What are apple snails? Confused taxonomy and some preliminary resolution. In: Joshi, R. C. &amp; Sebastian, L. S. (Eds.), Global advances in ecology and management of golden apple snails. Philippine Rice Research Institute, Nueva Ecija, pp. 3 - 23." type="book chapter" year="2006">
Cowie
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FF7316DEFEDCFF1C" box="[244,304,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">et al.</emphasis>
2006
</bibRefCitation>
). Green colored eggs are described for
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0CFF84FCC216DEFB3FFF1C" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[837,1235,150,177]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FCC216DEFBEFFF1C" box="[837,1027,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">Pomacea glauca</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1758)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0CFF84FB6516DEFEA2FF78" authority="(Philippi, 1851)" baseAuthorityName="Philippi" baseAuthorityYear="1851" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pyrum">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FB6516DEFA71FF1D" box="[1250,1437,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">Pomacea pyrum</emphasis>
(Philippi, 1851)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0CFF84FEDA16F2FCFFFF78" authority="(Moricand, 1836)" baseAuthorityName="Moricand" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[349,787,187,213]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="decussata">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FEDA16F2FDD1FF78" box="[349,573,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">Pomacea decussata</emphasis>
(Moricand, 1836)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0CFF84FCA516F2FB1FFF78" authority="Pain, 1949" authorityName="Pain" authorityYear="1949" box="[802,1267,187,213]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nais">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FCA516F2FC2FFF79" box="[802,963,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">Pomacea nais</emphasis>
Pain, 1949 (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0CFF84FBDD16F2FB07FF78" author="Cowie, R. H." box="[1114,1259,187,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" pagination="145 - 192" refId="ref12011" refString="Cowie, R. H. (2002) Apple Snails (Ampullariidae) as Agricultural Pests: their Biology, Impacts and Management. In: Barker, G. M. (Ed.) Molluscs as crop pests. CABI, Wallingford, pp. 145 - 192. https: // doi. org / 10.1079 / 9780851993201.0145" type="book chapter" year="2002">Cowie 2002</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0CFF84FAB316F2FD6CFF54" authority="(Reeve, 1856) (Ramirez et al. 2022)" authorityName="Ramirez et al." authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FAB316F2FF0FFF54" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">Pomacea nobilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0CFF84FF751696FE6DFF54" author="Reeve, L. A." box="[242,385,222,249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref14127" refString="Reeve, L. A. (1856) Monograph of the genus Ampullaria. In: Conchologia Iconica: or, illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals. Vol. X. Lovell Reeve &amp; Co., London, pls. 1 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8129" type="book chapter" year="1856">Reeve, 1856</bibRefCitation>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8147C0BC0CFF84FE101696FD94FF54" author="Ramirez, R. &amp; Ramirez, J. L. &amp; Rivera, F. &amp; Justino, S. &amp; Solis, M. &amp; Morin, J. &amp; Ampuero, A. &amp; Mendivil, A. &amp; Congrains, C." box="[407,632,223,249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref13760" refString="Ramirez, R., Ramirez, J. L., Rivera, F., Justino, S., Solis, M., Morin, J., Ampuero, A., Mendivil, A. &amp; Congrains, C. (2022) Do not judge a snail by its shell: molecular identification of Pomacea species (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae), with particular reference to the Peruvian Amazonian giant apple snail, erroneously synonymized with Pomacea maculata. Archiv fur Molluskenkunde, 151 (1), 1 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / arch. moll / 151 / 007 - 017" type="journal article" year="2022">
Ramírez
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FE781696FDDBFF54" box="[511,567,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">et al.</emphasis>
2022
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF3A31BC0CFF84FF40174AFD75FE00" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">
Circulatory and excretory system of
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0CFF84FDE4174AFD51FEB1" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[611,701,259,284]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FDE4174AFD51FEB1" box="[611,701,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">P. penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FD43174AFCF2FEB0" bold="true" box="[708,798,259,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC0CFF84FD43174AFCF2FEB0" box="[708,798,259,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0CFF84FC1A174AFAB2FEB0" authority="(Lamarck, 1822)" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[925,1374,259,285]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canaliculata">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FC1A174AFB74FEB0" box="[925,1176,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">Pomacea canaliculata</emphasis>
(Lamarck, 1822)
</taxonomicName>
, both with a broad anterior kidney and the independent origin of esophageal artery from ampulla; anterior kidney of
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0CFF84FA0F176EFF39FEC9" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FA0F176EFF39FEC9" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">P. penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FF5A1702FEDBFEC8" bold="true" box="[221,311,331,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC0CFF84FF5A1702FEDBFEC8" box="[221,311,331,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is similar in shape to
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FDA81702FD5AFEC9" box="[559,694,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0CFF84FDA81702FD5EFEC9" authorityName="Simone" authorityYear="2004" box="[559,690,331,356]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curumim">P. curumim</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Concerning radula, concave rachidian base of
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0CFF84FB401702FACCFEC9" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" box="[1223,1312,331,356]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FB401702FACCFEC9" box="[1223,1312,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">P. penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FAAF1702FA6EFEC8" bold="true" box="[1320,1410,331,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC0CFF84FAAF1702FA6EFEC8" box="[1320,1410,331,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0CFF84FE8D1726FE63FE24" box="[266,399,367,393]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FE8D1726FE63FE24" box="[266,399,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">P. maculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and stout central cusp and lateral denticles to
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0CFF84FC241726FBA7FE24" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[931,1099,367,393]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canaliculata">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FC241726FBA7FE24" box="[931,1099,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">P. canaliculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Compared to
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0CFF84FB731726FA95FE24" box="[1268,1401,367,393]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FB731726FA95FE24" box="[1268,1401,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">P. maculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1041B2BC0CFF84FA0F1726FF39FE01" authority="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez, 2023" authorityName="Ampuero &amp; Ramírez" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Ampullariidae" genus="Pomacea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="penai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FA0F1726FF39FE01" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">P. penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B964E623BC0CFF84FF5B17DAFEDAFE00" bold="true" box="[220,310,403,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2575B58BC0CFF84FF5B17DAFEDAFE00" box="[220,310,403,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="85" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has a reduced stomach septum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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