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<document id="70BA356C23A94C81700F3D617EBE2EE8" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4178.3.1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4178.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7e73aacb-9d7d-4eb6-a151-af4fb9935077" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="261073" ID-ZooBank="2EE90745-EEA2-4ECA-A82B-EFC246495682" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1477463360754" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Azevedo, Guilherme H. F., Ott, Ricardo, Griswold, Charles E. &amp; Santos, Adalberto J." docDate="2016" docId="03B9562DF550FF8CB582D06EFEB6C906" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4178.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4178 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Apopyllus gandarela Azevedo, Ott, Griswold &amp; Santos, 2016, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="312" masterDocId="FF802E55F55AFF87B515D650FF85CB3B" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the ground spiders of the genus Apopyllus (Araneae: Gnaphosidae)" masterLastPageNumber="327" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="311" updateTime="1698390779077" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="AE0BBC64E7B3B86AD42A83A3CE1ADEC4">A taxonomic revision of the ground spiders of the genus Apopyllus (Araneae: Gnaphosidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C11D1C4D822671AEDFBCED20B58FDAF5">Azevedo, Guilherme H. F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="82BE7A650F23C88D71A86F100BF035C6">Ott, Ricardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DD666C1E16269D5F69D58761BB87A0B5">Griswold, Charles E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3F321A920D8D5E5300C5E546B43A4454">Santos, Adalberto J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="90E006F26B220E38F436C2CA3AB8312A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="74457B49D9D627486C2D270C0950EF7D">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="8CCBD611F895A70FED77F93BC9473C10" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4178.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B9562DF550FF8CB582D06EFEB6C906" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6077911" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124558120" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6077911" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B9562DF550FF8CB582D06EFEB6C906" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B9562DF550FF8CB582D06EFEB6C906" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="312" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">
<subSubSection id="C30AB4B0F550FF8DB582D06EFD90CD41" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAFE73BF550FF8DB582D06EFDADCD63" blockId="10.[151,552,1598,1658]" box="[151,552,1598,1624]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">
<heading id="D0E75057F550FF8DB582D06EFDADCD63" bold="true" box="[151,552,1598,1624]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9643B29F550FF8DB582D06EFDADCD63" bold="true" box="[151,552,1598,1624]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">
<taxonomicName id="4C109CB8F550FF8DB582D06EFE14CD63" ID-CoL="682KK" box="[151,401,1598,1624]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Apopyllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gandarela" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9643B29F550FF8DB582D06EFE14CD63" bold="true" box="[151,401,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Apopyllus gandarela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2578652F550FF8DB48DD06EFDADCD63" box="[408,552,1598,1624]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFE73BF550FF8DB582D031FD90CD41" blockId="10.[151,552,1598,1658]" box="[151,533,1633,1658]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">
<figureCitation id="132BFBBEF550FF8DB582D031FF6CCD42" box="[151,233,1633,1658]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1772,1794]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,193,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1750]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 10. Apopyllus spp., epigynum, ventral view, drawings. Vulva can be seen by transparency. A A. silvestrii (MCTP 26293). B A. suavis (MNRJ 58361). C A. malleco (AMNH). D A. huanuco (AMNH). E A. now (MCZ 24971). F A. gandarela new. sp. (UFMG 16876). G A. centralis new sp. (UFMG 4564). H A. atlanticus new sp. (MCTP 27338)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261083/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Figs 10</figureCitation>
F, 11F, 12F, 13F, 14A, 16E
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30AB4B0F550FF8DB582D0F9FC1BCDDD" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAFE73BF550FF8DB582D0F9FC1BCDDD" blockId="10.[151,1436,1705,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">
<materialsCitation id="3B78ED66F550FF8DB582D0F9FC1BCDDD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1324200504" collectingDate="2015-02-14" collectionCode="UFMG" collectorName="A. J. Santos" country="Brazil" county="Rio Acima" elevation="1636" latitude="-20.091946" location="Female" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-43.683334" municipality="Serra" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" specimenCode="UFMG 16876" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Minas Gerais" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B9643B29F550FF8DB582D0F9FEC1CDF9" bold="true" box="[151,324,1705,1730]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">
<typeStatus id="54AB5999F550FF8DB582D0F9FF57CDF9" box="[151,210,1705,1730]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<location id="8ECFB1E0F550FF8DB45ED0F9FE18CDF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B9562DF550FF8CB582D06EFEB6C906:8ECFB1E0F550FF8DB45ED0F9FE18CDF9" box="[331,413,1705,1730]" country="Brazil" county="Rio Acima" latitude="-20.091946" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-43.683334" municipality="Serra" name="Female" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">Female</location>
<typeStatus id="54AB5999F550FF8DB4B1D0F9FD83CDF9" box="[420,518,1705,1730]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCB7D41F550FF8DB75FD0F9FD00CDFA" box="[586,645,1705,1729]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Serra</collectingMunicipality>
da
<taxonomicName id="4C109CB8F550FF8DB7BBD0F9FCA1CDF9" box="[686,804,1705,1730]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Apopyllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gandarela">Gandarela</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingCounty id="62CE9FB7F550FF8DB63AD0F9FC29CDF9" box="[815,940,1705,1730]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Rio Acima</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D429D9F550FF8DB6A2D0F9FBD5CDF9" box="[951,1104,1705,1730]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F307A7ABF550FF8DB14FD0F9FB1BCDF9" box="[1114,1182,1705,1730]" name="Brazil" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE2481FCF550FF8DB1BBD0F9FAAECDFA" box="[1198,1323,1705,1730]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" precision="15" value="-20.091946">20º5´31” S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE2481FCF550FF8DB02DD0F9FF37CDDE" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" precision="15" value="-43.683334">43º410” W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CE84ADEF550FF8DB5A9D09DFE8ACDDD" box="[188,271,1741,1766]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.636" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" unit="m" value="1636.0">
<elevation id="003D0008F550FF8DB5A9D09DFE8ACDDD" box="[188,271,1741,1766]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.636" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" unit="m" value="1636.0">1636m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="FFAEC1FBF550FF8DB437D09DFE1CCDDD" box="[290,409,1741,1766]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" value="2015-02-14">
<collectingDate id="EFEA3813F550FF8DB437D09DFE1CCDDD" box="[290,409,1741,1766]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" value="2015-02-14">14.II.2015</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26E582EDF550FF8DB4B1D09EFDA1CDDD" box="[420,548,1742,1766]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">A.J. Santos</collectorName>
coll., deposited in
<specimenCode id="DBB64F40F550FF8DB7ECD09EFC1FCDDD" box="[761,922,1741,1766]" collectionCode="UFMG" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z0ie-wfm6" name="Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">
<collectionCode id="ED017FFEF550FF8DB7ECD09EFCCFCDDD" box="[761,842,1742,1766]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z0ie-wfm6" name="Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">UFMG</collectionCode>
16876
</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30AB4B0F550FF8DB5D2D0A1FE81CC69" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BAFE73BF550FF8DB5D2D0A1FE81CC69" blockId="10.[151,1436,1705,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">
<emphasis id="B9643B29F550FF8DB5D2D0A1FECBCC31" bold="true" box="[199,334,1777,1802]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific name is taken from the
<typeStatus id="54AB5999F550FF8DB619D0A2FCB9CC31" box="[780,828,1778,1802]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">type</typeStatus>
locality, Serra da
<taxonomicName id="4C109CB8F550FF8DB102D0A1FB08CC31" box="[1047,1165,1777,1802]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Apopyllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gandarela">Gandarela</taxonomicName>
, a mountain range that contribute to the aquifer system of the central
<collectingRegion id="49D429D9F550FF8DB7DED145FCEDCC15" box="[715,872,1813,1838]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
mountains, and which is threatened by mining activities.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30AB4B0F550FF8DB5D2D10DFDDACC85" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BAFE73BF550FF8DB5D2D10DFDDACC85" blockId="10.[151,1436,1705,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">
<emphasis id="B9643B29F550FF8DB5D2D10DFEC4CC4D" bold="true" box="[199,321,1885,1910]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Females can be distinguished by the sinuous anterior ridge, with the middle part projected anteriorly, by the ACT very coiled, and by the secondary spermathecae about two thirds the diameter of the primary ones (
<figureCitation id="132BFBBEF550FF8DB428D1F5FE11CC85" box="[317,404,1957,1982]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1772,1794]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,193,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1750]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 10. Apopyllus spp., epigynum, ventral view, drawings. Vulva can be seen by transparency. A A. silvestrii (MCTP 26293). B A. suavis (MNRJ 58361). C A. malleco (AMNH). D A. huanuco (AMNH). E A. now (MCZ 24971). F A. gandarela new. sp. (UFMG 16876). G A. centralis new sp. (UFMG 4564). H A. atlanticus new sp. (MCTP 27338)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261083/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Figs 10</figureCitation>
F, 11F, 12F, 13F).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30AB4B0F550FF8CB5D2D199FE0FCA96" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="312" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAFE73BF550FF8CB5D2D199FE99CAB3" blockId="10.[151,1436,1705,2018]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="312" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">
<emphasis id="B9643B29F550FF8DB5D2D199FEDDCCD9" bold="true" box="[199,344,1993,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Description.</emphasis>
Female (
<typeStatus id="54AB5999F550FF8DB4D4D199FDAFCCD9" box="[449,554,1993,2018]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
): Total length 7.5. Carapace 2.6 long, 1.88 wide. Femur II 1.68 long. Carapace dark brown, with black reticulations (
<figureCitation id="132BFBBEF551FF8CB75FD6C7FD1BCB8B" box="[586,670,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="23.[151,249,1475,1497]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,199,1436]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,193,1454]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 16. Apopyllus spp. habitus, dorsal view. A A. suavis, female (MACN-Ar 34513; photo credits I. L. F Magalhães, M. Izquierdo and L. Piacentini). B A. suavis, male (MACN-Ar 34545; photo credits I. L. F Magalhães, M. Izquierdo and L. Piacentini). C A. suavis, male (UFMG 19959). D A. centralis new sp., female (UFMG 19961). E A. gandarela new sp., female (type). F A. aeolicus new sp., male (holotype)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261089/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
E). Legs and palps brown, lighter in patellae, tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi. Femur I with a lighter area in the prolateral proximal part. Sternum and labium brown. Endites light brown with white anterior border. Opisthosoma pale gray. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.1, PME 0.07, PLE 0.08, AMEAME 0.06, AMEALE 0.02, ALEPLE 0.05, PMEPME 0.06, PMEPLE 0.06. MOQ 0.48 wide. Leg spination: femora: I, II d1-1-1, p0-0-1; III d1-1-1, r0-1-1, p0-1-1; patellae: III, IV p0-1-0, r0- 1-0; tibiae: I v0-0-1p; II vlr-2-0; III, IV d1-0-0, p1-1-0,
<date id="FFAEC1FBF551FF8CB7C8D71CFD72CA5F" box="[733,759,332,356]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">v1</date>
p-2-2, r2-2-0; Metatarsi: I, II
<date id="FFAEC1FBF551FF8CB15CD71CFBE2CA5F" box="[1097,1127,332,356]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">v2</date>
-0-0; II, IV p1d-2-
<date id="FFAEC1FBF551FF8CB02DD71CFAD7CA5E" box="[1336,1362,332,357]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">1v</date>
,
<date id="FFAEC1FBF551FF8CB04AD71CFA11CA5F" box="[1375,1428,332,356]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">v2-2</date>
- 2, r1d-1d-2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAFE73BF551FF8CB5D2D7C4FE0FCA96" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,573]" box="[199,394,404,429]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<emphasis id="B9643B29F551FF8CB5D2D7C4FE88CA96" bold="true" box="[199,269,404,429]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Male:</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30AB4B0F551FF8CB5D2D7E7FD0CCAEB" box="[199,649,439,464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAFE73BF551FF8CB5D2D7E7FD0CCAEB" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,573]" box="[199,649,439,464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<emphasis id="B9643B29F551FF8CB5D2D7E7FE35CAEB" bold="true" box="[199,432,439,464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Material examined.</emphasis>
Only the holotype.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30AB4B0F551FF8CB5D2D78CFEB6C906" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAFE73BF551FF8CB5D2D78CFEB6C906" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<emphasis id="B9643B29F551FF8CB5D2D78CFEE5CACE" bold="true" box="[199,352,476,501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Distribution.</emphasis>
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="54AB5999F551FF8CB773D78DFD13CACE" box="[614,662,477,501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">type</typeStatus>
locality, Serra da
<taxonomicName id="4C109CB8F551FF8CB673D78CFC59CACE" box="[870,988,476,501]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Apopyllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="326" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gandarela">Gandarela</taxonomicName>
, Rio Acima,
<collectingRegion id="49D429D9F551FF8CB166D78CFA88CACE" box="[1139,1293,476,501]" country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F307A7ABF551FF8CB00FD78CFADBCACE" box="[1306,1374,476,501]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="132BFBBEF551FF8CB07AD78CFF31C923" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1960,1982]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,409,1938]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,409,1939]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 14. Geographic distribution records of Apopyllus species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/261087/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
D). The
<typeStatus id="54AB5999F551FF8CB400D450FEC0C923" box="[277,325,512,536]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">type</typeStatus>
locality is an area of Canga, a mountain field vegetation typical of iron-ore plateaus (
<bibRefCitation id="EF819ACAF551FF8CB037D7AFFEA2C906" author="Salgado" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" refString="Salgado, A. A. R. &amp; do Carmo, F. F. (2015) ' Quadrilatero Ferrifero': A Beautiful and Neglected Landscape Between the Gold and Iron Ore Reservoirs. In: Landscapes and Landforms of Brazil. Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 319 - 330. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 017 - 8023 - 0 _ 29" type="book chapter" year="2015">Salgado &amp; Carmo 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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