159 lines
16 KiB
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159 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.421.6664" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f73c2338-91af-4022-a3ab-abf9597cba07" ID-PMC="PMC4109474" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-421-139" ID-PubMed="25061383" ID-ZBK="E09C5A85664A4305B82B45B960595BA1" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-421-139" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 421" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the genus Protorthodes McDunnough with descriptions of a new genus and four new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eriopygini)" checkinTime="1451245671329" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lafontaine, J. Donald, Walsh, J. Bruce & Ferris, Clifford D." docDate="2014" docId="7B721D345F2EBB51966F7B9FBD7BBBAC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 421: 139-179" docOrigin="ZooKeys 421" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.421.6664" docTitle="Nudorthodes Lafontaine, Walsh & Ferris, gen. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="81DE3680-4B3E-456B-B7E9-D2FA578487CA" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="159" masterDocId="FF925120D417AD5C7D46FF84ED57FF9A" masterDocTitle="A revision of the genus Protorthodes McDunnough with descriptions of a new genus and four new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eriopygini)" masterLastPageNumber="179" masterPageNumber="139" pageNumber="157" updateTime="1668158781378" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the genus Protorthodes McDunnough with descriptions of a new genus and four new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eriopygini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lafontaine, J. Donald</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Walsh, J. Bruce</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ferris, Clifford D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>421</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>139</mods:start>
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<mods:end>179</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.421.6664</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.421.6664</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-421-139</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">E09C5A85664A4305B82B45B960595BA1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">E09C5A85664A4305B82B45B960595BA1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152053845" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:81DE3680-4B3E-456B-B7E9-D2FA578487CA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7B721D345F2EBB51966F7B9FBD7BBBAC" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="159" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="157" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="157">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="157" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
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classification Animalia Lepidoptera Noctuidae
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="157" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="157">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/81DE3680-4B3E-456B-B7E9-D2FA578487CA" authority="Lafontaine, Walsh & Ferris" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Nudorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nudorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nudorthodes Lafontaine, Walsh & Ferris</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="18" pageNumber="157">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="157" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="157">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="157">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Perigea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Perigea texana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Perigea texana</taxonomicName>
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Smith, 1900: 476.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="157" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="157">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="157">
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The generic name
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Nudorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nudorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nudorthodes</taxonomicName>
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is a reference to this species being removed from the other members of the
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Orthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orthodes</taxonomicName>
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group of genera by the lack of hairs on the surface of the eye. From the Latin Nudus [bare] + Orthodes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="157" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="157">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="157">
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The genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Nudorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nudorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nudorthodes</taxonomicName>
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differs from other genera in the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" rank="tribe" tribe="Hadenini">Hadenini</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName genus="Eriopygina" lsidName="Eriopygina" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" rank="genus">Eriopygina</taxonomicName>
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in lacking visible hair-like setae on the surface of the eye, and by the very long vesica in males and appendix bursae in females. Males can be distinguished from those of most other eriopygine genera by the filiform antennae. The genus includes three species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Nudorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nudorthodes texana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Nudorthodes texana</taxonomicName>
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(Smith, 1900),
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Nudorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nudorthodes variabilis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">Nudorthodes variabilis</taxonomicName>
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(Barnes & McDunnough, 1912), and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Nudorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nudorthodes molino" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="molino">Nudorthodes molino</taxonomicName>
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Lafontaine, Walsh, & Ferris, sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="158" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="158">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="158" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="158">
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Adult: Head - Frons rounded; labial with apical segment about 1/4 as long as second segment; male antenna filiform, or very slightly constricted between segments (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Nudorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nudorthodes variabilis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">Nudorthodes variabilis</taxonomicName>
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), setose ventrally; female antenna filiform, setose ventrally; eye rounded, without surface hairs; ocellus present. Thorax - Thorax clothed with narrow, spatulate, apically serrated scales that form a slightly raised tuft on the prothorax, and a partially divided tuft on the metathorax. Legs: middle and hind tibiae without spiniform setae and with three ventral rows of spiniform setae on tarsi. Wings: forewing venation typically quadrifine, cubital vein appearing four branched; hindwing with typical trifine venation (i.e., M2 reduced, about 2/3 down cell and parallel to M3. Abdomen - basal abdominal brushes and pockets absent; eighth abdominal sternite of male with a slightly eversible coremata with a transverse tuft of long setae. Male genitalia - Valva: symmetrical, basal
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<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
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of valve mainly parallel-sided except for dorsal lobe of sacculus (basal half of valve, mainly sacculus, massive compared to narrow apical half in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Nudorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nudorthodes molino" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="molino">Nudorthodes molino</taxonomicName>
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); valve slightly constricted at
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<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
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from base to define a tapered densely setose cucullus with much stouter setae on apical and ventro-apical part of cucullus forming an irregular corona; digitus projecting posteriorly along middle of valve, bending ventro-posteriorly near base of cucullus and flattened into elongated plate extending beyond ventral margin of valve (apical part of digitus slightly s-curved and flattened into a foot-shaped structure in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Nudorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nudorthodes molino" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="molino">Nudorthodes molino</taxonomicName>
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); clasper arising as a sclerotized rod at apex of sacculus projecting posteriorly with ampulla bending abruptly through 45°angle to project posterodorsally beyond costal margin of valve; sacculus heavily sclerotized, with a large dorsal process (lobe somewhat quadrangular in two species, and produced posteriorly in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Nudorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nudorthodes molino" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="molino">Nudorthodes molino</taxonomicName>
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), without membranous flap; Uncus: decurved, cylindrical, tapered apically to a down-curved sharply pointed apex. Aedeagus: long and slender, about 7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as wide, dorsal surface mostly membranous, lateral margins extended on to base of vesica; everted vesica tubular, about 4-5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as aedeagus, basal area angled and with several diverticula, main part gently curved through 5 or 6 coils, vesica expanded and covered with short sclerotized spine-tipped granules toward apex. Female genitalia - Corpus bursae rounded, membranous, without signa and with inner surface covered with minute spicules. Appendix bursae arising from left posterior part of corpus bursae and extending anteriorly through several open coils; appendix bursae about 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as corpus bursae. Ductus bursae about at long as corpus bursae, mainly membranous, with a sclerotized collar-like ring at posterior end forming a slightly wider ostium bursae. Abdominal segment eight sclerotized, covered posteriorly with numerous long, heavily-sclerotized setae, many half as long as segment. Anterior apophyses rod-like, 1.2-1.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as abdominal segment eight. Posterior apophyses 1.6-1.9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than anterior apophyses. Anal papillae lightly sclerotized, bullet shaped, gradually tapered to rounded apex; surface covered with long hair-like setae, especially toward apex.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="159" pageId="19" pageNumber="158" type="larva and habits">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="158">Larva and habits.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="159" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">
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The only species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Nudorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nudorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="159" start="start">Nudorthodes</pageBreakToken>
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</taxonomicName>
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known as a larva is
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Nudorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nudorthodes texana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Nudorthodes texana</taxonomicName>
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. Like
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Protorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Protorthodes</taxonomicName>
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the species are generally associated with xeric habitats. The larvae were described by
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<bibRefCitation author="Crumb, SE" journalOrPublisher="United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin" pageId="26" pageNumber="165" pagination="1 - 356" title="The larvae of the Phalaenidae." volume="1135" year="1956">Crumb (1956)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="Godfrey, GL" journalOrPublisher="United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin" pageId="26" pageNumber="165" pagination="1 - 265" title="A review and reclassification of larvae of the subfamily Hadeninae (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) of America north of Mexico." volume="1450" year="1972">Godfrey (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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, and were separated from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Protorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Protorthodes</taxonomicName>
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by both authors and described as being more similar to larvae of
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<taxonomicName genus="Homothodes" lsidName="Homothodes" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" rank="genus">Homothodes</taxonomicName>
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McDunnough. The larva of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Nudorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nudorthodes texana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">Nudorthodes texana</taxonomicName>
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differs from those of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Protorthodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protorthodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Protorthodes</taxonomicName>
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species in that the larval skin is smooth, not granulose, the setae arise from sclerotized rings, not pinacula, the posterior part of the prothoracic shield is not contrastingly pale, sclerotized plates between the bases of the abdominal prolegs are lacking, and the apical seta of the labial palpus (Lp-2) is similar in length to the basal segment of the palpus (Lps-1).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="159" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="159">USA (Arizona, California, Nevada, Oregon, Texas, Utah, Washington).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |