211 lines
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211 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1126/science.10.243.253" ID-GBIF-Dataset="96ee742a-8405-4e3d-af7e-11d187215f24" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3371243" approvalRequired="11" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="10" approvalRequired_for_treatments="1" checkinTime="1565965611452" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Hay, OP" docDate="1899" docId="7B6F87DE9A0AFF80FF28FEE0FF14FC32" docLanguage="en" docName="Hay1899.pdf.imf" docOrigin="The American Geologist 24" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Deinodon horridus Leidy 1856" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="347" masterDocId="8756FFA69A0BFF82FFF0FFF5FFF8FFF2" masterDocTitle="On the nomenclature of certain American fossil vertebrates" masterLastPageNumber="349" masterPageNumber="345" pageNumber="346" updateTime="1673863935652" updateUser="jeremy">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>On the nomenclature of certain American fossil vertebrates</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hay, OP</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The American Geologist</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>1899</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>1899-08-25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>24</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>345</mods:start>
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<mods:end>349</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1126/science.10.243.253</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">96ee742a-8405-4e3d-af7e-11d187215f24</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3371243</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4710366" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183547484" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4710366" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7B6F87DE9A0AFF80FF28FEE0FF14FC32" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7B6F87DE9A0AFF80FF28FEE0FF14FC32" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="347" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="346" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[172,945,208,1564]" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">
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In 1856 Dr. Leidy* described a
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<emphasis box="[617,664,282,295]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">new</emphasis>
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genus of dinosaurian reptiles from the Judith
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<emphasis box="[466,531,309,329]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">River</emphasis>
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beds of Montana, and this genus he called
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<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[293,408,344,364]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Deinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Deinodon</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="346" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[172,945,208,1564]" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">
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the single
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<emphasis box="[562,643,343,368]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">species</emphasis>
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being
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[737,879,342,363]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Deinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horridus">D. horridus</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis box="[913,933,342,362]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">A</emphasis>
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more extended description with figures was published by Dr. Leidy in 1860.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="346" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[172,945,208,1564]" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">
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When these descriptions were written
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<emphasis box="[896,928,409,429]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">Dr</emphasis>
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. Leidy was in doubt whether all the teeth comprehended under the
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<emphasis box="[222,285,486,499]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">name</emphasis>
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which he gave belonged to a single species or
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<emphasis box="[882,935,483,496]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">even</emphasis>
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a single genus. Some of the teeth, represented
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<emphasis box="[766,794,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">by</emphasis>
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<figureCitation httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1068922/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" targetBox="[57,1772,29,2210]" targetPageId="17">figures 21 - 34, plate IX</figureCitation>
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, as cited, resemble those of
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<taxonomicName authority="Buckland, 1822" authorityName="Buckland" authorityYear="1822" box="[665,833,544,570]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Megalosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Megalosaurus</taxonomicName>
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and are broadly elliptical in section, with
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<emphasis box="[594,635,582,598]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">two</emphasis>
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denticulated carinae, on opposite sides of the crown. Other teeth, represented
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<emphasis box="[855,883,611,636]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">by</emphasis>
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<figureCitation httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1068922/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" targetBox="[57,1772,29,2210]" targetPageId="17">figures 35 -45</figureCitation>
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, are somewhat U-shaped in section, with one nearly plane surface, corresponding to the top of the
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<emphasis box="[741,762,679,699]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">U</emphasis>
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, and this surface is bounded on each side by
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[596,607,719,732]" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">a</emphasis>
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denticulated carina. But none of these teeth was especially designated as types of the genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[258,375,782,801]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Deinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Deinodon</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[172,945,208,1564]" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">
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In 1866 Prof. Cope‡ in considering these teeth, restricted the genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[310,426,849,868]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Deinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Deinodon</taxonomicName>
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(spelled
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[546,650,847,867]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Dinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dinodon</taxonomicName>
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, however) to the teeth represented by
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<treatmentCitation author="Leidy" box="[371,788,880,908]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB1087B9-FFBC-FFC1-C482-8274FB1A9E19 " pageId="1" pageNumber="346" rank="species" treatmentCitationLabel="inPart" year="1868">
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<figureCitation box="[371,528,882,908]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1068922/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" targetBox="[57,1772,29,2210]" targetPageId="17">figures 35-45</figureCitation>
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of Dr. Leidy`s plate
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="347" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[172,945,208,1564]" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">
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The
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<emphasis box="[877,940,879,905]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">Megalosaurus-like</emphasis>
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teeth, represented
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<emphasis box="[587,615,915,940]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">by</emphasis>
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<figureCitation box="[629,788,914,940]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1068922/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" targetBox="[57,1772,29,2210]" targetPageId="17">
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figures 21 -
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[761,788,919,939]" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">34</emphasis>
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</figureCitation>
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, Prof. Cope regarded as belonging to his own genus Laelaps.
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<treatmentCitation author="Leidy" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB1087B9FFBDFFC3C49F8355FC3A9E30" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" rank="species" treatmentCitationLabel="equals" year="1868">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[798,823,947,966]" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">In</emphasis>
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1868
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<emphasis box="[902,934,946,966]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">Dr</emphasis>
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. Leidy
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</treatmentCitation>
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§ again took up the
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<emphasis box="[495,579,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">subject</emphasis>
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; and refusing to be bound by Prof. Cope's action, he retained
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[578,694,1015,1035]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Deinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Deinodon</taxonomicName>
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(with the orthography
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[239,343,1051,1071]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Dinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dinodon</taxonomicName>
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) for the teeth of
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<figureCitation box="[585,753,1049,1074]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1068922/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" targetBox="[57,1772,29,2210]" targetPageId="17">
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figures
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[688,713,1054,1067]" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">21</emphasis>
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-34
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</figureCitation>
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; while for the others he proposed the new generic name
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[744,887,1081,1107]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Aublysodon</taxonomicName>
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, the species being called
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[449,604,1116,1136]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Avetheropoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandus">A. mirandus</taxonomicName>
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. In the same year Prof. Cope,
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<emphasis box="[256,262,1151,1178]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">ǁ</emphasis>
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replying to
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<emphasis box="[418,449,1150,1170]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">Dr</emphasis>
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. Leidy, defended his own procedure, but accepted Dr. Leidy’s generic name
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[616,760,1182,1207]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Aublysodon</taxonomicName>
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on the ground that “
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[254,357,1218,1238]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Dinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="1" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dinodon</taxonomicName>
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” had been preoccupied by Duméril and Bibron for a genus of snakes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[172,945,208,1564]" lastBlockId="2.[109,878,202,1510]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="347" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">
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Undoubtedly. Prof. Cope, being the first to distribute the materials of Dr. Leidy's composite species and genus, had entire right to assign the original name to such part thereof as he chose. and succeeding writers ought to have respected his work. Hence,
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<emphasis box="[292,325,203,223]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="347">Dr</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[342,428,202,228]" pageId="2" pageNumber="347">Leidy’s</emphasis>
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original generic name adheres to the teeth represented by
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<figureCitation box="[373,529,236,262]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1068922/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="347" targetBox="[57,1772,29,2210]" targetPageId="17">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[373,493,236,262]" pageId="2" pageNumber="347">figures 35</emphasis>
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-45
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</figureCitation>
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of his plate and not to the others. On the other hand, Prof. Cope erred when he undertook
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<emphasis box="[181,203,306,323]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="347">to</emphasis>
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improve Dr. Leidy’s name by writing
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[711,814,304,325]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Dinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Dinodon</taxonomicName>
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and again when, with this emendation as a basis, he accepted
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Aublysodon</taxonomicName>
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. Were
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[331,447,370,389]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Deinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Deinodon</taxonomicName>
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Leidy and Dinodon Duniéril and Bibrorı derived from the same Greek words, δεινος and 'οδων it would not be
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[307,419,443,463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="347">necessary</emphasis>
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first to emend
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[609,723,437,458]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Deinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Deinodon</taxonomicName>
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to Dinodon to produce interference But, while Leidys Deinodon is undoubtedly derived from the Greek words written above,
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[827,873,506,525]" pageId="2" pageNumber="347">Duméril</emphasis>
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and Bibron‘s Dinodon is not so derived. If we turn to the famous work on reptiles by the author* just mentioned, we find
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[174,216,604,624]" pageId="2" pageNumber="347">this</emphasis>
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explanation of their generic name: " Ce nom a été
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[112,258,637,663]" pageId="2" pageNumber="347">imagine par</emphasis>
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Bibron, d’apres
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[469,575,637,657]" pageId="2" pageNumber="347">l'examen</emphasis>
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de l'individu confié par
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<emphasis box="[112,136,672,691]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="347">M</emphasis>
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. Smith, Il semble composé de ∆t. par le milieu, de chaque côté, utrinque, et de Νοδως, édenté.”
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</paragraph>
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<footnote pageId="1" pageNumber="346">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[172,945,208,1564]" box="[215,658,1428,1449]" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">*Proc Acad, Nat. Sci. Phila., 1856,11. 72.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[172,945,208,1564]" box="[216,904,1453,1477]" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">
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<emphasis box="[216,234,1459,1475]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">†</emphasis>
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Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol.
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<emphasis box="[581,608,1455,1472]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">XI</emphasis>
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, p. 144, pl.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[747,774,1454,1471]" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">IX</emphasis>
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, figs.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[848,867,1457,1470]" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">21</emphasis>
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-48.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[172,945,208,1564]" box="[216,677,1483,1508]" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">
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‡Proc, Acad.
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<emphasis box="[366,404,1485,1501]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">Nat</emphasis>
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. Sci. Phíla., 1866, p. 270.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[172,945,208,1564]" box="[216,685,1511,1536]" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">
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§Proc.. Acad. Nat. Sci.
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<emphasis box="[479,538,1511,1528]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">l’liilzi</emphasis>
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., 1868, p. 198.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[172,945,208,1564]" box="[218,644,1538,1564]" pageId="1" pageNumber="346">ǁAmer.Jour.Sci.,[3], vol.XLVI,p.415.</paragraph>
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</footnote>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[109,878,202,1510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="347">
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This being the case, Dr. Leidy`s name. in its original form
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[115,232,772,792]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Deinodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Deinodon</taxonomicName>
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, is not preoccupied and is the proper name to apply to those species which for many years have been arranged
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,874,813,827]" pageId="2" pageNumber="347">under</emphasis>
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the generic name
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[384,529,839,865]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Aublysodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Aublysodon</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[109,878,202,1510]" pageId="2" pageNumber="347">It may be remarked here that more recently Prof. Cope† has emended also the Dinodon of Duméril and Bibron into Dianodon.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |