291 lines
28 KiB
XML
291 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.603.8271" ID-GBIF-Dataset="07fddaf0-cd6d-460a-9078-d7c2339c64bc" ID-PMC="PMC4978003" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-603-105" ID-PubMed="27551199" ID-ZBK="D44B76A79C0245D8B9F4996BFCB01579" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-603-105" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 603" ModsDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the Malagasy Nesomyrmexmadecassus species-group using a quantitative morphometric approach" checkinTime="1467898720993" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Csosz, Sandor & Fisher, Brian L." docDate="2016" docId="26907C85E35369D35EB49935E289B326" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 603: 105-130" docOrigin="ZooKeys 603" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.603.8271" docTitle="Nesomyrmex madecassus Forel 1892" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="120" masterDocId="F125FF8AFF8DFFF0FF8C31524066FFDF" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the Malagasy Nesomyrmexmadecassus species-group using a quantitative morphometric approach" masterLastPageNumber="130" masterPageNumber="105" pageNumber="117" updateTime="1668163297087" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic revision of the Malagasy Nesomyrmexmadecassus species-group using a quantitative morphometric approach</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Csosz, Sandor</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fisher, Brian L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>603</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>105</mods:start>
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<mods:end>130</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.603.8271</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.603.8271</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-603-105</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">D44B76A79C0245D8B9F4996BFCB01579</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">D44B76A79C0245D8B9F4996BFCB01579</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127859330" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26907C85E35369D35EB49935E289B326" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/26907C85E35369D35EB49935E289B326" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="12" pageNumber="117">
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="117" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="117">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="117" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
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classification Animalia Hymenoptera Formicidae
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="117" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="117">
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<taxonomicName authority="Forel, 1892" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1892" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nesomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesomyrmex madecassus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madecassus">Nesomyrmex madecassus (Forel, 1892)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 10-12, Table 2
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="117" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="117">Type material investigated.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="117">
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Syntype workers: CASENT0101667, (collection code: ANTC3246), CASENT0101687 (collection code: ANTC3247): [MADAGASCAR, Prov.] Antsiranana,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’">d'</normalizedToken>
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Andrangoloaka [Antananarivo, -18.91 N, 47.55 E], Madagascar (Sikora)", (CASENT0101667, CASENT0101687, MHNG);
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="12" pageNumber="117" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="117">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="12" pageNumber="117">
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Dark (wild type) phenotype: MADAGASCAR: BLF1626 (collection code: BLF1626, 3w, CAS), BLF1626(16) (collection code: BLF1626(16), 2w, CAS): Fianarantsoa, 29 km SSW Ambositra, Ankazomivady, N -20.77667,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="47.165">E 47.165</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1700 m, B.L. Fisher, 1_14_1998; CASENT0040463 (collection code: BLF09324, 1w, CAS): Antsiranana, Parc National de Marojejy, 25.4 km 30° NNE Andapa, 10.9 km 311° NW Manantenina, N -14.445,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="49.735">E 49.735</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 2000 m, B.L. Fisher, 11_23_2003; CASENT0048441 (collection code: BLF10513, 2w, CAS): Toamasina, Analamay, N -18.80623,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.33707">E 48.33707</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1068 m, Malagasy ant team, 3_21_2004; CASENT0049029 (collection code: BLF10704, 2w, CAS): Toamasina, Torotorofotsy, N -18.87082,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.34737">E 48.34737</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1070 m, Malagasy ant team, 3_29_2004; CASENT0051178 (collection code: BLF10689, 2w, CAS): Toamasina, Torotorofotsy, N -18.87082,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.34737">E 48.34737</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1070 m, Malagasy ant team, 3_28_2004; CASENT0058844 (collection code: BLF11968, 1w, CAS): Toamasina,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
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Ambatovy, 14.3 km 57° Moramanga, N -18.85083,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="48.32">E 48.32</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1075 m, B.L. Fisher, 4_12_2005; CASENT0071372 (collection code: BLF13809, 1w, CAS), CASENT0071382 (collection code: BLF13794, 1w, CAS), CASENT0071385 (collection code: BLF13811, 1w, CAS), CASENT0071427 (collection code: BLF13798, 1w, CAS), CASENT0071431 (collection code: BLF13800, 1w, CAS), CASENT0071437 (collection code: BLF13785, 1w, CAS), CASENT0071439 (collection code: BLF13775, 1w, CAS): Fianarantsoa, Parc National
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Andringitra">d'Andringitra</normalizedToken>
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, Plateau
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Andohariana">d'Andohariana</normalizedToken>
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, 39.8 km 204° Ambalavao, N -22.18767,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.90083">E 46.90083</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 2150 m, B.L. Fisher et al., 4_16_2006; CASENT0097142 (collection code: MA-01-01D-01, 1w, CAS), CASENT0097143 (collection code: MA-01-01D-01, 1w, CAS): Diego-Suarez, Parc National Montagne
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ambre">d'Ambre</normalizedToken>
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[Petit Lac road], N -12.52028,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.17917">E 49.17917</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1125 m, Irwin, Schlinger,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’H">Harin'H</normalizedToken>
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, 1_25_2001; CASENT0111762 (collection code: MG-29-06, 1w, CAS): Fianarantsoa, Miandritsara Forest, 40Km S of Ambositra, N -20.79267,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.17567">E 47.17567</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 822 m,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’ha">Rin'ha</normalizedToken>
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, Mike, 1_5_2005; CASENT0112777 (collection code: MA-02-09C-60, 1w, CAS): Fianarantsoa, Belle Vue trail, Ranomafana National Park, Fianarantsoa Prov., N -21.2665,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.42017">E 47.42017</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1020 m, R.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
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, 5_4_2003; CASENT0114296 (collection code: MA-02-09D-06, 1w, CAS): Fianarantsoa, JIRAMA water works near river, Ranomafana National Park, Fianarantsoa Prov., N -21.2485,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.45217">E 47.45217</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 690 m, R.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
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, 12_6_2001; CASENT0118350 (collection code: MG-29-04, 1w, CAS): Fianarantsoa, Miandritsara Forest, 40Km S of Ambositra, N -20.79267,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.17567">E 47.17567</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 822 m,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’ha">Rin'ha</normalizedToken>
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, Mike, 11_14_2004; CASENT0122389 (collection code: BLF17425, 1w, CAS), CASENT0125701 (collection code: BLF17430, 1w, CAS), CASENT0125880 (collection code: BLF17420, 1w, CAS): Antananarivo, Kaloy, N -18.58998,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.65102">E 47.65102</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1423 m, B.L. Fisher et al., 4_27_2007; CASENT0125872 (collection code: BLF17314, 1w, CAS): Antananarivo, Ambohimanga, N -18.76125,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.56447">E 47.56447</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1361 m, B.L. Fisher et al., 4_26_2007; CASENT0127628 (collection code: BLF01989, 1w, CAS): Antsiranana, R.S. Manongarivo, 20.4 km 219° SW Antanambao, N -14.04667,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.40167">E 48.40167</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1860 m, B.L. Fisher, 11_3_1998; CASENT0127627 (collection code: BLF01972, 3w, CAS): Antsiranana, Prov. Antsiranana R.S. Manongarivo 17.3 km 218° SW Antanambao, N -14.02167,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.41833">E 48.41833</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1580 m, B.L. Fisher, 10_27_1998; CASENT0127629 (collection code: MA-01-01A-01, 1w, CAS): Diego-Suarez, Parc National Montagne
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ambre">d'Ambre</normalizedToken>
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[1st campsite], N -12.51444,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.18139">E 49.18139</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 960 m, Irwin, Schlinger,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’H">Harin'H</normalizedToken>
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, 1_21_2001; CASENT0127630 (collection code: ANTC8395, 2w, CAS): Antsiranana, RNI Marojejy, 11 km NW Manantenina, N -14.45,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.73333">E 49.73333</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1875 m, E.L. Quinter, 11_13_1996; CASENT0127636 (collection code: ASS(03)-1, 2w, CAS): Fianarantsoa,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rés">Res</normalizedToken>
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. Andringitra, Plateau
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Andohariana">d'Andohariana</normalizedToken>
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, base of Pic
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ivangomena">d'Ivangomena</normalizedToken>
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, N -22.2,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5555" value="46.9">E 46.9</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 2050 m, Goodman leg., 9_3_1995; CASENT0127647 (collection code: BLF01755, 2w, CAS): Fianarantsoa, 8.0 km NE Ivohibe, N -22.42167,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.89833">E 46.89833</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1200 m, B.L. Fisher (Sylvain), 11_3_1997; CASENT0136019 (collection code: BLF18083, 1w, CAS): Antsiranana, Parc National Montagne
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ambre">d'Ambre</normalizedToken>
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, Lac maudit, N -12.58502,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.15147">E 49.15147</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1250 m, B.L. Fisher et al., 11_13_2007; CASENT0142139 (collection code: BLF20488, 1w, CAS), CASENT0142157 (collection code: BLF20480, 1w, CAS): Fianarantsoa, Parc naturel communautaire, 28.5 km SW Ambositra, N -20.78414,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.16699">E 47.16699</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1780 m, B.L. Fisher et al., 5_21_2008; CASENT0212236 (collection code: BLF26175, 1w, CAS): Antsiranana, Parc National Montagne
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ambre">d'Ambre</normalizedToken>
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, N -12.51778,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.17957">E 49.17957</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1000 m, B.L. Fisher et al., 3_6_2011; CASENT0227041 (collection code: BLF01989, 1w,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="118" start="start">CAS</pageBreakToken>
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, CASENT0227040), CASENT0227050 (collection code: BLF01989, 1w, CAS), CASENT0227052 (collection code: BLF01989, 1w, CAS): Antsiranana, R.S. Manongarivo, 20.4 km 219° SW Antanambao, N -14.04667,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.40167">E 48.40167</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1860 m, B.L. Fisher, 11_3_1998; CASENT0230550 (collection code: BLF26169, 1w, CAS), CASENT0245051 (collection code: BLF26169, 1w, CAS, CASENT0409551): Antsiranana, Parc National Montagne
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ambre">d'Ambre</normalizedToken>
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, N -12.51778,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.17957">E 49.17957</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1000 m, B.L. Fisher et al., 3_6_2011; CASENT0274650 (collection code: BLF28278, 1w, CAS): Antananarivo,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Réserve">Reserve</normalizedToken>
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Speciale
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ambohitantely">d'Ambohitantely</normalizedToken>
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, N -18.22444,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="47.2774">E 47.2774</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1490 m, B.L. Fisher et al., 3_9_2012; CASENT0275845 (collection code: BLF28339, 1w, CAS): Antananarivo, Mandraka Park, N -18.9019,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.90786">E 47.90786</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1360 m, B.L. Fisher et al., 3_11_2012; CASENT0409550 (collection code: BLF02398, 1w, CAS), CASENT0409551 (collection code: BLF02398, 1w, CAS): Antananarivo, 3 km 41° NE Andranomay, 11.5 km 147° SSE Anjozorobe, N -18.47333,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="47.96">E 47.96</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1300 m, Fisher, Griswold et al., 12_5_2000; CASENT0486880 (collection code: BLF09120, 1w, CAS), CASENT0487129 (collection code: BLF09369, 2w, CAS), CASENT0487141 (collection code: BLF09412, 2w, CAS), CASENT0487143 (collection code: BLF09412, 2w, CAS), CASENT0487177 (collection code: BLF09372, 2w, CAS), CASENT0487210 (collection code: BLF09416, 2w, CAS), CASENT0487357 (collection code: BLF09315, 4w, CAS): Antsiranana, Parc National de Marojejy, 25.7 km 32° NNE Andapa, 10.3 km 314° NW Manantenina, N -14.445,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.74167">E 49.74167</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1575 m, B.L. Fisher, 11_22_2003; MCZENT0576254 (1w, MCZ): Antsiranana, 10k NE Antananarivo lac Alarobie, G.D. Alpert, 3_10_1991;
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="118">
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Ocher phenotype: CASENT0119572 (collection code: BLF15013, 1w, CAS), CASENT0119575 (collection code: BLF15088, 1w, CAS), CASENT0119580 (collection code: BLF15089, 1w, CAS): Fianarantsoa, Parc National Befotaka-Midongy, Papango 28.5km S Midongy-Sud, Mount Papango, N -23.84083,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="46.9575">E 46.9575</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1250 m, B.L. Fisher et al., 11_19_2006; CASENT0149638 (collection code: BLF21513, 1w, CAS, CASENT0149638): Toliara,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Réserve">Reserve</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Spéciale">Speciale</normalizedToken>
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Kalambatritra, N -23.4185,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="46.4583">E 46.4583</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1365 m, B.L. Fisher et al., 2_8_2009; CASENT0148666 (collection code: BLF21476, 1w, CAS): Toliara,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Réserve">Reserve</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Spéciale">Speciale</normalizedToken>
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Kalambatritra, Betanana, N -23.4144,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="46.459">E 46.459</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1360 m, B.L. Fisher et al., 2_8_2009; CASENT0192603 (collection code: BLF01626, 1w, CAS): Fianarantsoa, 29 km SSW Ambositra, Ankazomivady, N -20.77667,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="47.165">E 47.165</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1700 m, B.L. Fisher, 1_14_1998; CASENT0141296 (collection code: BLF20465, 1w, CAS): Fianarantsoa, Parc naturel communautaire, 28.5 km SW Ambositra, N -20.78414,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.16699">E 47.16699</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1780 m, B.L. Fisher et al., 5_21_2008; CASENT0127621 (collection code: BLF01626, 4w, CAS): Fianarantsoa, 29 km SSW Ambositra, Ankazomivady, N -20.77667,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="47.165">E 47.165</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1700 m, B.L. Fisher, 1_14_1998; CASENT0127626 (collection code: BLF01989, 1w, CAS): Antsiranana, R.S. Manongarivo, 20.4 km 219° SW Antanambao, N -14.04667,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.40167">E 48.40167</geoCoordinate>
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, alt 1860 m, B.L. Fisher, 11_3_1998;
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="13" pageNumber="118" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="118">Description of workers.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="13" pageNumber="118">
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Body color: brown; black; rarely yellow. Body color pattern: Body concolorous. If yellow, body concolorous, clava, femora and 1st gastral tergite darker. Absolute cephalic size: 692 [616, 763]. Cephalic length vs. Maximum
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<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="119" start="start">width</pageBreakToken>
|
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of head capsule (CL/CWb): 1.18 [1.13, 1.22]. Postocular distance vs. cephalic length (PoOc/CL): 0.46 [0.43, 0.48]. Postocular sides of cranium contour frontal view orientation: converging posteriorly. Postocular sides of cranium contour frontal view shape: convex. Vertex contour line in frontal view shape: straight; slightly concave. Vertex sculpture: main sculpture inconspuous, ground sculpture smooth. Gena contour line in frontal view shape: convex. Genae contour from anterior view orientation: converging. Gena sculpture: rugoso-reticulate with feeble areolate ground sculpture. Concentric carinae laterally surrounding antennal foramen: present. Eye length vs. absolute cephalic size (EL/CS): 0.26 [0.24, 0.28]. Frontal carina distance vs. absolute cephalic size (FRS/CS): 0.31 [0.29, 0.33]. Longitudinal carinae on median region of frons: absent. Smooth median region on frons: present. Antennomere count: 12. Scape length vs. absolute cephalic size (SL/CS): 0.78 [0.72, 0.82]. Median clypeal notch: variable. Ground sculpture of submedian area of clypeus: present. Median carina of clypeus: absent. Lateral carinae of clypeus: present. Metanotal depression: variable. Dorsal region of mesosoma sculpture: areolate ground sculpture, superimposed by dispersed rugae. Lateral region of pronotum sculpture: areolate ground sculpture, main sculpture dispersed costate. Mesopleuron sculpture: ground sculpture areolate, main sculpture absent. Metapleuron sculpture: ground sculpture areolate, main sculpture absent. Petiole width vs. absolute cephalic size (PEW/CS): 0.22 [0.19, 0.24]. Anterior profile of petiolar node contour line in lateral view shape: concave. Dorso-caudal petiolar profile contour line in lateral view shape: convex. Dorsal region of petiole sculpture: ground sculpture areolate, main sculpture absent. Postpetiole width vs. absolute cephalic size (PPW/CS): 0.35 [0.29, 0.39]. Dorsal region of postpetiole sculpture: ground sculpture areolate, main sculpture absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="14" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="119">
|
||
Figures 10-12.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nesomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesomyrmex madecassus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madecassus">Nesomyrmex madecassus</taxonomicName>
|
||
non-type worker (CASENT0487142). Head in full-face view (10), dorsal view of the body (11), lateral view of the body (12).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="120" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="119">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="119">
|
||
Workers of this species differ from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nesomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesomyrmex gibber" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibber">Nesomyrmex gibber</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having no mesothoracic hump, and from
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nesomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesomyrmex flavus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavus">Nesomyrmex flavus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nesomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesomyrmex nitidus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus">Nesomyrmex nitidus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. by its dark brown color versus the light yellow hue of the two latter species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="119">
|
||
The dark color in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="madecassus" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" rank="species" species="madecassus">madecassus</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations is dominant across the entire known distributional area, and comprises ~95% of the examined material. However, a rare, lighter-colored
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="madecassus" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" rank="species" species="madecassus">madecassus</taxonomicName>
|
||
phenotype (ocher phenotype) was also found in a few localities. There is no evidence, other than color, that would suport heterospecifity of these two discrete phenotypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nesomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesomyrmex madecassus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madecassus">Nesomyrmex madecassus</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers and no correlation was found between elevational cline and color. Only one mixed sample is known to include both ocher and dark phenotype. Ocher
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="madecassus" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" rank="species" species="madecassus">madecassus</taxonomicName>
|
||
phenotypes are darker than the majority of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nesomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesomyrmex flavus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavus">Nesomyrmex flavus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nesomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesomyrmex nitidus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus">Nesomyrmex nitidus</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers and also differ from the latter species by having brown femora and a dark patch on the first gastral tergite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nesomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesomyrmex madecassus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madecassus">Nesomyrmex madecassus</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers (including ocher phenotypes) can be separated from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nesomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesomyrmex flavus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavus">Nesomyrmex flavus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nesomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesomyrmex nitidus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus">Nesomyrmex nitidus</taxonomicName>
|
||
using the ratio of postocular area to cephalic width including compound eyes (PoOC/CW), which yielded only three misclassified cases:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="madecassus" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" rank="species" species="madecassus">madecassus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(n = 84) = 1.92 (1.77, 2.07), [5-95% percentiles: min. 1.85, max. 2.01]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="flavus" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" rank="species" species="flavus">flavus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(n = 61) = 1.73 (1.53, 1.89), [5-95% percentiles: min. 1.60, max. 1.84]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="119">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="nitidus" pageId="14" pageNumber="119" rank="species" species="nitidus">nitidus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(n = 79) = 1.73 (1.52, 1.85), [5-95% percentiles: min. 1.63, max. 1.83]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="120" start="start">A</pageBreakToken>
|
||
more precise means to separate ocher
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="madecassus" pageId="15" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="madecassus">madecassus</taxonomicName>
|
||
phenotype from workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nesomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesomyrmex flavus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavus">Nesomyrmex flavus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nesomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesomyrmex nitidus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus">Nesomyrmex nitidus</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be necessary. In these cases, a discriminant D4 funtion (D4 = +0.0511*PoOC -0.0486*CW -0.0702*PEW +0.0435*PEL +8.3829) provides a moderately time consuming classification tool yielding non-overlapping ranges between
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="madecassus" pageId="15" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="madecassus">madecassus</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers and that of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="flavus" pageId="15" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="flavus">flavus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="nitidus" pageId="15" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="nitidus">nitidus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(morphometric data are given in micrometers):
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="madecassus" pageId="15" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="madecassus">madecassus</taxonomicName>
|
||
D4 (n = 84) = -1.70 [-4.61, 0.26]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="flavus" pageId="15" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="flavus">flavus</taxonomicName>
|
||
D4 (n = 61) = +2.39 [0.42, 5.02]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="120">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="nitidus" pageId="15" pageNumber="120" rank="species" species="nitidus">nitidus</taxonomicName>
|
||
D4 (n = 79) = +3.18 [0.51, 5.98]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="120" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="120">Biology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="120">
|
||
This species is known to occur in
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Madagascar’s">Madagascar's</normalizedToken>
|
||
rain forests at very high altitudes between 690 and 2150 m, mean: 1538 m (Fig. 3). This species is known to forage in low vegetation, nests can often be found in dead twigs, or rarely in leaf litter (leaf mold, rotten wood), or in rotten tree stumps.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |